高考英语任务型浏览对策
2010高考英语任务型阅读对策
江苏省姜堰中学英语特级教师夏天林
近几年来，全国自主命题的省份都在进行高考试题命题改革。高考改革显示高考试题稳中求新，高考命题力求体现新课标的五大基本理念。高考试题要“以考查学生对英语基础知识和基本技能的掌握情况为主，但更体现能力立意，考查学生的创新能力和实践能力,检测学生用英语收集、处理信息、分析和解决问题的能力”。人人都知道赢阅读者赢高考，任务型阅读是不同于传统题阅读理解的新的题型。占试卷分值10分，而由近两年高考的平均分来看学生在做这道题时有许多障碍。
一．2010任务型阅读解读
2008年江苏省第一次使用新题型---任务型阅读， 2008年《普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（江苏卷）说明》中对任务型阅读的要求在2008年《考试说明》的基础之上更加明确，更加具体。提供了三种示例：表格式、树状式和蜘蛛式。2009年《考试说明》中，只示例了任务型阅读所要填写的两种表格类型：表格式和树状式。但用了同一个要求：根据所读内容在表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意每个空格只填1个单词。《2010年江苏高考说明》提供了两种示例：表格式和树状式。但要求考生:根据所读的任务型阅读文章,用恰当的词语补全文章提纲（考查文章篇章结构能力）,概括关键内容（概括中心思想、段落大意）或作要词词语转换（考查语言文字运用能力）.由此可见任务型阅读的要求越来越高，这对我们英语教学和高考复习提出了新的极高的要求。
二．任务型阅读的特征
任务型阅读的命题主要体现文章结构与层次、强调捕捉与组织信息的能力、兼顾阅读理解与文字表述的能力。对于表格中所缺的单词，命题者往往重实词（动词、名词、形容词和副词）的考查。题目设置归纳起来可以分为以下三种类型。
1．信息查找题（基础题）
在任务型阅读的三种题型中难度最低，一般可以在文章直接查找到答案，要求学生能快速地在文章中查找相关细节，锁定信息来源，并用文章中的词或其适当形式填空，比较容易得分。
2．信息转换题（活用题）
考查学生在知识重组基础上，运用多种表达方式表意的灵活能力，突显遣词造句能力的考查。比如，用意义相同或相反的词完成句子的能力。同时，在限定一空一词的要求下，更需要考生有逆向思维的能力。这种类型的题目一般不能直接在文章中找到题目给出的句子，需要考生在捕捉到相关信息之后，将捕捉到的信息进行加工转换。主要涉及词汇及句型的转换，考查语言文字运用能力，要求考生要有扎实的词汇和语法功底。该题型难度大，不易得分。通常有词性转换、句型转换、语法转换、词语释义、同义/反义替换等。
e.g. ① My eyes would rest respectfully on the books in dot-raised type which I have read.
→Fix her eyes with__respect__ on the books in raised type she had read.
②In the night of that first day of sight, I should not be able to sleep, so full would be my mind of the memories of the day.
→__Unable__to sleep, so full would be her mind of the memories of the day!
③Children act more like adults than they used to.
→Children today _behave__as if they were adults.
④Huge waves are created and spread outwards from the hole. The wall of water, a kilometer high, rushes towards southern Africa. Cities on the African coast are
totally destroyed and millions of people are drowned.
→The sea boils and a huge hole is made in the seabed. A tsunami (海啸)hits southern Africa, _destroying / ruining_ cities on the African coast, and __drowning / killing_millions of people.
⑤The remaining part hits the South Atlantic at 200 times the speed of sound.
→One piece hits the South Atlantic at a speed 200 times __that__ of sound.
3．信息综合题（综合概括题）
要求考生能够准确无误地概括出文章的主题或行（栏）的标题，考查学生概括与推断的能力，主要通过补全文章提纲，考察学生的篇章结构能力。学生应会运用学习过的阅读策略，理解文章结构、中心思想、段落大意、逻辑关系和作者的深层含义等，归纳抽象并提炼出文章主旨或者重要信息的能力，也就是在语篇结构解读基础上的信息转换能力。这种题目是一种综合性很强的题，也是最具有区分度的题，最能够考查学生的基本功的题目。
例如：
As everyone knows, classroom teaching is one of the most important ways that the students learn English. In English classroom teaching, teachers have to arouse the students′interest so that they may learn better. There are many ways to arouse the students′interest; body language is an effective way in English teaching practice.
Nowadays, with the reform of English teaching methods, more and more English teachers organize their teaching process in English. That means teachers have to instruct and explain basically in English, and the students also should use English in class contemporarily. However, the students can’t speak English very well. Besides, their vocabulary is limited and their expressive ability is not good enough, either. These limitations have made it difficult to realize the communicative English in class. According to the students′present level and practical situation, body language is required. For example, if a teacher gives an instruction “You two, please come to the blackboard”, the students can easily understand it if the teacher looks at or points to some two students. Then, the teacher points to the blackboard. The students will carry out the order withou obstacles even if they don’t hear the key word “blackboard” clearly.
In the actual English teaching, teachers frequently use body language to improve both the teaching effect and the students’characters. In school education, body language plays a positive role in building students’characters. This is because teachers are usually respected and what the teachers say and do will be possibly imitated by the students. In a word, teachers’graceful body language helps to improve students’artistic apreciation and their characters, especially their morality. If students develop wonderful body language, they will surely have a smooth relation with each other. Teachers reflect their affection of body language on the students not only by setting a good example, but also build a bridge between teachers and students. As a matter of fact, teachers’friendly appearance can greatly encourage students to study enthusiastically. Body language not only motivates students’interest but also improves the effect of classroom teaching greatly.
As we know, learning English needs practice. The 45 minutes in class is very precious and should be valued, during which the students should practice as much as possible. To make good use of the limited time, teachers should adopt some effective
methods. The use of body language cannot only make the students listen more attentively in class, but can also deepen their impression and imagination. Teachers usually have to explain some language points, and at this time, they can also carry out their teaching task easily with the help of body language in the teaching process. Body Language in English Teaching
答案：71. Functions / Benefits / Advantages 72. methods
73. vocabulary 74. expression 75. appreciation 76. moral 77. smooth / good 78. enthusiasm 79. Attract / Draw 80. imagination 分析：该篇文章中信息查找题分别体现在72，73，75，77，80题。如：根据第二段第一句话“with the reform of English teaching methods”可以得出72题的答案。第二段中“Besides, their vocabulary is limited…”是73题的依据。75和77题的答案可以从第三段中“In a word, teachers’ artistic appreciation and their characters…”和“If students develop wonderful body language, they will surely have a smooth relation with each other.”找到。80题的根据是最后一段“The use of body language cannot only make the students listen more attentively in class, but can also deepen their impression and imagination.”
74，76和78为信息转换题。依据分别为：由第二段的“Besides, their vocabulary is limited and their expressive ability is not good enough.”该句中的expressive转换成名词expression置于in后做宾语。第三段中的“In a word, teachers’ artistic appreciation and their characters, especially their morality.”名词morality转换成形容词moral修饰后面的名词qualities.第三段“As a matter of fact, teachers’friendly appearance can greatly encourage students to study enthusiastically.”副词enthusiastically转变成名词enthusiasm。
信息综合题（综合概括题）的例子是71和79题。根据第三段前两句“In the actual
English teaching…in building students’ characters.”再结合该树状图可以概括出71要填的答案是：Functions / Benefits / Advantages。在填写时，可以通过观察表格注意单复数和大小写。79题可以凭借最后一段“The use of body language cannot only make the students listen more attentively in class, but can also deepen their impression and imagination.”再比较78，79，80三空，思考跟attention搭配的动词，不难想出答案应该是Attract或者Draw。
有些题目有时会涵盖三种能力的同时考查查找到的信息，可能会是一个句群，需要概括、提炼语言，还需要进行词汇的加工。归纳概括的注意事项有：大小写；单复数；搭配。常见的归纳概括词语有：
①对比因果类：advantage/function/benefit/quality/significance/importance /disadvantage/problem/consequence/result/outcome/effect/influence/impact/respons e/similarities/difference
②目标；prediction/expectation/hope/aim/purpose/intention/dream
③建议：suggestions/tips/advice
④态度、观点：attitudes /opinion/view/attitude/idea/thought/mind
⑤简介某个现象或问题：brief/general/introduction/phenomenon
⑥原因：reason/cause/explanation
⑦信息：news/information/content/period
⑧方法：ways/methods/techniches/solutions/measures
⑨特征：features/characteristics
⑩种类、形式：types/forms
三、完成任务型阅读的方法
1．略读。通读全文，确定文体
理解文章大意是做题的第一步，也是关键的一步。因此，要快速浏览全文，尤其是每段的第一句话，即Topic sentence和首尾段落，理清文章的写作思路和基本结构，以便加深对文章内容的了解。同时文章的结构往往也是很重要的设题线索。表格项目可能就是根据文章的结构而设计的。只有读懂了文章，才能顺利地在表格中填出相应的信息。
2．扫读。扫读图表，明确要求
扫读图表，分析表格结构，理清其显示的层次关系，准确定位其考察要求。要特别注意表格前的小标题，它通常就是段落和表格的主题句。读懂了表格标题有助于理解短文及表格的大意，了解表格结构和题目的设置。如捕捉信息题可以去文中查读，其他问题则需要对信息进行加工处理。一般题目的结构是：①全文的标题在标题中缺少一个关键词，根据文章填出所缺的关键词。②各段大意试题中给出各段大意，在给出的信息中缺少一些关键内容，学生把文章的各段对应起来，找准信息。③对各段大意的详细的阐述从文章各段或分散在全文的对应的信息点出发，这要求学生有高度驾驭语篇的能力，在文章中找到准确的信息完成填空。
3．细读。细读文章，推敲答案
深入理解文章内容，精读与空格中要填的信息有关的文段，寻找确定答案的关键词语，或从文中进行概括，同时仔细斟酌用词，确保填的是最恰当词的最恰当形式。如填写时要注意所填单词的结构和形式，看是否与表格中所给的格式相同，同时注意单词的拼写、短语的搭配、所填词汇的词性、所填单词是否符合题目要求，还要注意字母的大小写。
4．复读。全面衡量，检查答案
通观全篇文章，务必再仔细核对文章和任务，确保准确性。填写表格之前要仔细研究表格的结构，观察上下文已有内容的暗示，清楚地理解表内已给的主体框架，各个部分的中心
语或概括语的表述。判断它所采用的表达方式是短语，句子或是语段。填写表格时要注意书写清楚端正，拼写准确，尤其是大小写，单复数，冠词以及Y结尾的动词是否需要改写，并且注意语言规范，无语法错误。填的时候要对表格内上下文的暗示反复斟酌，前呼后应，合理推断，高度吻合。填写表格之后要通读所填内容，通观全片，再次梳理是必不可少的环节，以便发现问题，提高准确率。
四．新教材与任务型阅读能力的培养
(1)课文阅读教学与任务型阅读的衔接
①课文教学采用任务阅读教学法
任务阅读教学吸收了任务型教学的基本理念，强调阅读目的、阅读活动的真实性。让学生通过完成真实的阅读任务提高阅读理解能力。其主要程序包括pre-task, while-task, post-task。任务前、中、后阶段可以设计不同的阅读教学活动来提高学生的阅读技能。如要提高学生的skimming(略读)技能，教师可设计此类活动：阅读后给出标题;阅读后匹配标题;阅读后撰写概要;话题匹配等。
②课文教学重视语篇分析
《牛津高中英语》教材中的阅读篇章的题材是多种多样的，教师应重视学生语篇分析能力的培养，学生也须重视自己的教师是如何进行语篇文体的分析的。一般说来，不同文体有其各自的写作特点。如：记叙文的故事是按照“开端———发展———高潮———结尾”的顺序写就;记叙文中的人物传记一般是按照“人物生平———人物成就———对人物评价”的模式撰写;说明文的结构分为引言、正文和结束语三部分，而议论文则是通过论点(arguments)、论据(supporting details)和结论(conclusion)这几部分展开。了解并熟悉不同文体的特征，有利于学生迅速归纳出文章的大意和作者的写作意图，有利于学生理解阅读材料，有助于处理任务型阅读题型中主题概括类题目的解答。
③任务型阅读用于课文理解和课文巩固环节
《牛津高中英语》教材每个模块有3~4个单元，每个单元均有reading板块，任务型阅读中的图表类型是一种较常用的类型，可用于reading板块课文理解和课文巩固环节。比如Module 7 Unit 1 Living with technology中的Reading部分，可以根据文章中的小标题设
(2)新教材词汇教学在任务型阅读中的体现
新课改下词汇教学的目标是教会学生如何学习词汇、积累词汇、扩展词汇和正确运用词汇。标准强调对词汇学习目标要求主要涉及三个方面：词汇的记忆、词义的理解和词汇的应用。标准强调词汇学习要结合表达需求、话题范围和语境。词汇教学应侧重在情景、语境和话题讨论中进行，有利于学生对词汇的理解、掌握和应用。新题型任务型阅读对词汇的考查有词语释义、词形转换、词组搭配、同义转换等多种形式。因此，教师在呈现词汇时，应充分注意音、义、形的统一，可根据学生不同的年龄段选择不同的呈现方法。在词汇教学中应重视以下几方面的教学，如：单词请亲戚(词形、词性变化练习);近义、反义词汇积累;词语搭配等，教师还应能够根据具体的单词介绍相应的词汇策略，如“上下文策略”、“词根、词缀记忆策略”、分类、联想等。学生具备丰富的词汇、扎实的词汇功底无疑对于处理任务型阅读新题型具有很大的帮助。
(3)新教材阅读策略在任务型阅读中的应用
阅读教学以培养学生的阅读理解能力为能力目标，使学生掌握一定的阅读技巧，从而从阅读中获取需要的信息、知识、娱乐等。不同的学习阶段，阅读教学的目标不同，所培养的阅读技巧和策略也不同。《牛津高中英语》重视培养学生的阅读策略，比如跳读、寻读、览读、首尾句阅读、预测等。任务型阅读题由文字和图表共同组成，不同文体采用的阅读策略也不尽相同。有时学生可根据图表类型从文章中找寻答案，有时却需要先读文章。各种阅读策略的习得，对于高中学生快速地处理所读材料信息非常重要，学生可根据阅读目的选择阅读方式，调整阅读速度，完成任务要求。教师在教材处理中应重视阅读策略(reading strategy)的教学，切实提高学生的阅读水平。
在今后的学习中，要把握任务型阅读填空题的特点和策略，进行充分地训练，认真分析和总结。同时，在训练的过程中要注意以下几点：
1.熟记词汇，灵活应变；
2.在平时的学习过程中，注重分析文章结构和归纳段落大意；
3.培养扎实的语法功底与准确的书面表达能力。只有这样才能提高任务型阅读填空题的解题能力，才能在高考中取得优异的成绩。
高考英语任务型阅读解题技巧
高考英语任务型阅读解题技巧(一) 一．任务型阅读题型特点： 江苏高考英语任务型阅读题目要求:根据所读，用恰当的词语补全全文提纲，概括关键内容。一般而言，任务型阅读提供了两种示例：表格式和树状式。 二．任务型阅读的解题技巧： 1.在阅读文章之前，快速浏览并了解题型，明白阅读任务，以便能快速查找到有用信息，提高解题速度及准确性。 2.通读，复读文章，把握短文的主题思想，弄清文章大意，获取关键信息。 3.根据题目要求，对信息进行梳理加工，并用正确的形式表达出来。 三．任务型阅读解题策略： 1. 注意词形转换，反义词，同义词，语态问题 2．注意句子结构的转换 3. 选用其他词来释义 4.学会归纳概括词汇 概括性词汇： 因果: cause(s) ; reason(s) ; analysis ; effect（s）; result(s); consequence(s) 态度：attitude(s) ；opinion(s)；manner
比较：comparison(s) 异同: difference(s) ; similarity(similarities) 优劣：benefit与disadvantage ；weakness与strength；advantage 与disadvantage；（shortcome; drawback）缺点 目的：purpose；aim；goal；target 建议：advice；suggestion；proposal ；tip；recommendation 问题：problem；trouble；matter；question；issue 方式：means(of); method(s)(of); way(s)(of); approach(es)(to); solution(s)(to); how to do 总结：summary；conclusion 特点：feature(s); characteristic(s) 重要性：significance; importance; meaning 定义：definition 来源：source；origin 用途: use ；usage；function 种类：kind；type；category 步骤：steps；procedures; process 评论：comment；remark；assessment 反应：response；reaction 词形转换： 1.grow----growth
2016高考英语任务型阅读答题技巧
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高考英语全国卷阅读完型译文
2015真题（卷一） A. 伦敦运河博物馆每月脱口秀 除8月以外，我们的脱口秀节目将在每月第一个周四的19:30拉开序幕，持续到21:00左右结束。门票价格合理，无需预定。 11月7日场 运河先驱演讲者：克里斯*路易斯 詹姆斯*布林德利是人们公认的早期大运河的主要工程师之一，同时也是一名培训师，指导别人如何设计和建设大运河。克里斯*路易斯将向听众阐述布林德利是如何在培养早期“土木工程师”过程中做出如此积极贡献的。 12月5日场 都市之冰演讲者：马尔科姆*塔克 在冰箱问世之前，保存食物和餐饮业都需要冰块。马尔科姆*塔克向听众介绍天热冰块的引进史，建设冰井的技术，及伦敦的冰块贸易发展史。 2月6日场 科兹沃尔德丘陵运河的演变演讲者：利兹*佩恩 斯特劳德大运河将在不久后重新开放，而泰晤士河和塞文河还需要更久的时间。我们将对当前的发展进行解说。 3月6日场 河中“小岛”---泰晤士河岛演讲者：米兰达*维克 泰晤士河岛有很多小岛，米兰达对其都有所了解，她将向我们介绍其中最有趣的几个岛屿。在线订票：...... 更多信息..... B 今年冬天，寒冷的东北部实在是不适合过冬，所以当这个周末恰好有机会去佛罗里达的萨拉索塔时，天还没亮，我就迫不及待的收拾好行囊出发了。萨拉索塔是个温暖的地方，十分养人，一路上我都在想象着那里的沙滩和橙子树。当我们到达目的地，看到蔚蓝的天空，感受到温暖的空气时，我心中油然而生一种感激之情。整个周末我们都在游泳，品美酒，观日落（日落时间是在傍晚时分，不是下午四点），但是最和我口味的就是每天早晨7点的蔬菜大抢购，现在我们每天7点起床去萨拉索塔的农贸市场抢购蔬菜，为了这些蔬菜，起得再早也值得。 该农贸市场始建于1979年，每周六从早上七点开放至下午一点，沿着北柠檬街和洲街搭起帐篷，无论严寒酷暑，风雨无阻。市场种蔬菜水果品种繁多，有成筐的水灵灵的红草莓，有Java Dawg的咖啡卡车，车的两侧都刷着红漆，最吸人眼球的就是西红柿，又大又软，圆润红透。 我曾有过很多次买到（卖家）保证是自然成熟的西红柿，但实际却并非如此，失望之极，我已经很多年不在冬天买西红柿了。无论它们在商店里看上去多么诱人，只要一拿回家就会变干变硬，食之无味。但是在Brown’s Grove农场一个特殊的摊位上，全都是新鲜柔软的西红柿，犹如拳头大小，由于过后我还是买了一些。这笔交易还真不赖。在那一刻，我意识到冬天在萨拉索塔最好的经历就是，可以吃到一些回到纽约之后几个月都吃不到的食物。 看着眼前的西红柿，我很高兴，尤其是当我发现Brown’s Grove农场是Jack Dusty 的供应商之一时我更加开心了。Jack Dusty是在萨拉索塔丽嘉登酒店新开的一家餐厅。我也真是幸运，本来那晚我就打算去那里吃饭的。到了那儿我甚至可以不看菜单，就知道直接点和西红柿有关的菜就可以了。 C
(完整word)超难高考英语完形填空、阅读理解精练各三篇(附答案和详细解析)
高考英语完形填空、阅读理解精练各三篇（附详细解析）纵观近几年高考完形填空题，我们不难发现：1、语境选择项增多；2、选项设计一 般为同一词类，或属同一范畴；3、难选之处前后多有暗示；4、选材多为具有一定故事情节的记叙文或以叙为主的议论文。 根据高考试题的特点和命题的发展趋势，在复习备考中，对记叙文、以叙为主的议 论文及某些具有一定哲理和教育意义的纯议论性短文都要加强练习。笔者精选三篇不同体裁的典型文章进行供同学们练习，并附详细解析，希望能帮助同学们在这一题型上积累经验，有所突破。 （ A ） In 1989 an 8.2 earthquake almost flattened America, killing over 30,000 people in less than four minutes. In the middle of complete damage and disorder, a father rushed to the school where his son was supposed to be, ___1__ that the building was ___2___. After the unforgettably shock, he ___3___ the promise he had made to his son: "No matter ___4___, I'll always be there for you!" And tears began to ___5___ his eyes. As he looked at the pile of ruins, it looked hopeless, but he kept remembering his ___6___ to his son. He rushed there and started ___7___ the ruins. As he was digging, other helpless parents arrived, ___8___: "It's too late! They're all dead! ___9___, face reality, there's nothing you can do!" To each parent he responded with ___10___: "Are you going to help me now?" No one helped. And then he continued to dig for his son, stone by stone. Courageously he went on alone because he needed to know ___11___: "Is my boy ___12____ or is he dead?" He dug for eight hours...12 hours...24 hours...36 hours...then, in ___13____ hour, he pulled back a large stone and heard his son's __14____. He screamed his son's name, "ARMAND!" He heard back, "Dad!?! It's me, Dad! I told the other kids not to worry. I told them that if you were alive, you __15____ me and __16____ you saved me, they'd be saved. You promised, 'No matter what happens, I'll always be there for you!' You did it, Dad!" "What's going on in there? " the father asked. "There are 14 of us __17____ __18____ 33, Dad. We're scared, hungry, thirsty and thankful you're here. When the building collapsed, it made __19____, and it saved us." "Come out, boy!" "No, Dad! Let the other kids out first, __20____ I know you'll get me! No matter what happens, I know you'll always be there for me!" 1. A. only discovering B. only to discover C. only realizing D. only to realize 2. A. as flat as a pancake B. as high as a mountain C. as strong as an ox D. as weak as a kitten 3. A. memorized B. forgot C. kept D. remembered 4. A. what B. what happen C. which D. who 5. A. fill B. fill in C. come D. burst 6. A. picture B. promise C. present D. encourage 7. A. digging B. digging through C. digging out D. digging into 8. A. to say B. said C. and saying D. saying 9. A. Come out B. Come again C. Come on D. Come off 10. A. one word B. one sound C. one row D. one line 11. A. for himself B. of himself C. by himself D. to himself 12. A. live B. living C. alive D. lively
四川省高考英语冲刺阅读完型写作自练7 2
四川省2015高考英语冲刺阅读完型写作自练7 阅读理解 (2014·合肥模拟) In the quest for better health, many people turn to doctors, self-help books or herbal supplements. But they overlook a powerful weapon that could help them fight illness and depression, speed recovery, slow aging and prolong life: their friends. Researchers are only now starting to pay attention to the importance of friendship and social networks in overall health. A 10-year Australian study found that older people with a large circle of friends were 22 percent less likely to die during the study period than those with fewer friends. A large 2007 study showed an increase of nearly 60 percent in the risk for obesity among people whose friends gained weight. And last year, Harvard researchers reported that strong social ties could promote brain health as we age. “In general, the role of friendship in our lives isn't well appreciated, ”said Rebecca G. Adams, a professor of sociology at the University of North Carolina, Greensboro. “There are a lot of things on families and marriage, but very little on friendship. It baffles me. Friendship has a bigger impact on our psychological well-being than family relationships. ” Bella DePaulo, a visiting psychology professor at the University of California, Santa Barbara, whose work focuses on single people and friendships, notes that in many studies, friendship has an even greater effect on health than a spouse or a family member. It isn't entirely clear why friendship has such a big effect. It may be because people with strong social ties also have better access to health services and care. Beyond that, however, friendship clearly has a profound psychological effect. People with strong friendships are less likely than others to get colds, perhaps because they have lower stress levels. Last year, researchers studied 34 students at the University of Virginia, taking them to the base of a steep hill and fitting them with a weighted backpack. They were then asked to estimate the steepness of the hill. Some participants stood next to friends during the exercise, while others were alone. The students who stood with friends gave lower estimates of the steepness of the hill. And the longer the friends had known each other, the less steep the hill appeared. “People with stronger friendship networks feel like there is someone they can turn to, ”said Karen A. Roberto, director of the center for gerontology(老年医学)at Virginia Tech. “Friendship is an undervalued resource. The consistent message of these studies is that friends make your life better. ” 【文章大意】如何保持身心健康? 相信每个人对此都很感兴趣并能给出自己的答案。本文作者向我们介绍了一个有利于身心健康的, 很重要又长期被人们忽视的因素——友谊。 1. What's the main idea of the passage? A. People should make friends as many as possible. B. Friendships do great good to human health. C. People with friends have an optimistic attitude. D. Several studies have been done on friendships.
【备考高考】最新 版高考英语任务型阅读专题练习(含答案)
【备考高考】最新版高考英语任务型阅读专题练习(含答案) 一、高中英语任务型阅读 1．任务型阅读 We all have to make decisions all the time, and we have an abundance of choices, ranging from tiny issues to vital ones. Unfortunately, people often find it hard to make decisions________ If you would like to improve your skill of decision making, here are four suggestions for you. Don't expect to have it all. ________ You can't order every delicious dish on the menu. And there will be paths not taken, careers not chosen, to name a few. You can imag ine some “what if' situations if you must, but do not let them take up too much space in your brain. ________ It's often good to think through your decisions. But don't overdo it. Research can reach a point where returns begin to reduce, which makes it confusing more than clarifying. Many good decisions can be made based as much on intuition (直觉) as on careful assessment of endless data. Don't delay making decisions. Yes, there is a time to put off making a decision. Perhaps you need more information________ Or it's likely that you wait for a less stressful time. Just don't wait so long that the decision is made by your own indecisiveness. Don't be hard on yourself. You decide to go on a voyage. You choose an expensive liner. Everything should work out just right. Only you didn't expect a bug that ran around on the ship, making you and your family sick for five days________But please remember it is unavoidable sometimes. A. Don't spend too much time thinking. B. It is an important source of information. C. Don't count on emotion to make decisions. D. Maybe you wish to consult with your advisor. E. You may regret making such a stupid decision. F. That means the skill of good decision-making counts a lot. G. Decisions force us to close the door on other possibilities. 【答案】F；G；A；D；E 【解析】【分析】如何提高做出决定的技能，本文推荐了四条建议。 (1)根据上句：很遗憾，人们发现作出决定很难。可知，这意味着好决策很重要。故答案选F。 (2)根据本段小标题：Don't expect to have it all.不要期盼着拥有一切。再根据空格下句：你不可能点到菜单上每一道美味的菜。可知，决定迫使我们放弃其他可能性。故答案选G。 (3)本段是小标题。根据上下文内容可知此处应该是否定祈使句。再根据本段下文：彻底考虑你的决定经常是好的。但是不要做的过火。可知，在思考上不要花太多的时间。故答案选A。
高考英语任务型阅读习题及答案doc
一、高中英语任务型阅读 1．请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。 Decoding the young brain There was a funny experiment to see how a young child would answer a specific question compared to an adult. After the adult had spent some time speaking with the child, he asked the child, “What do you think about me？” The child answered, “You talk too much.” When the adult performed the same experiment with another adult, the reply to the same question was, “I think you're a very interesting person.” Even if the adult f elt the same way as the child, his brain allowed him to take a moment，consider the question, and come up with an answer. He could have been annoyed, but his answer didn't reflect it because he was being polite. The secret lies in the science of the developing brain. The child's honest answer was reflected in the fact that his brain wasn't equipped to filter(过滤) information before answering the question. As a result, he was honest, but he said something that may have been hurtful. However, the child did not intentionally hurt the adult; it's just the way his brain works. As a child grows into adolescence and then into adulthood, that changes. The human brain is made up of billions of neurons(神经元). In order for our body to execute a command, like getting up from a chair and walking to the other room, the neurons in the brain have to communicate with each other. They also help us employ our senses like taste and touch and help us remember things. When the neurons send messages, perhaps one sensation(感觉) the person feels is excitement about eating a cookie because it is so delicious. Later, if that person smells a cookie or hears someone talking about a cookie, it can spark the electrical signals that call up the memory of eating the delicious cookie. In an adult, he or she may remember that eating too many cookies can have consequences, like weight gain. But because the younger brain is more impulsive(冲动的), the desire to feel the pleasure of the sweet treat outweighs the consequences. That is becau se when a child is young, his brain is “wired” in such a way that he seeks pleasure and is more willing to take risks than an adult. This affects his decision-making process and it is why younger people tend to be more impulsive. Sometimes parents have to tell their children over and over again before the child remembers that something is dangerous or risky. How many times have we heard a parent say, “I tell her this all the time, but she never listens！” To conclude, what we know about the young brain is that children are more likely than adults to be impulsive. It isn't always necessarily because they are being naughty; it may very well be because of their brains. So the next time you ask a child what he really thinks of you, be prepared for any kind of answer.
江苏省高考英语任务型阅读解题技巧
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一、高中英语任务型阅读 1．任务型阅读 Aside from the health benefits of laughter (which are numerous and significant), having a sense of humor about life's difficulties can provide a way to bond with others, look at things in a different way, normalize your experience, and keep things from appearing too overwhelming or scary. Properly developed, a good sense of humor can keep people and relationships strong. Studies show that having a smile on your face can make you feel better, and can lead you to actually feeling happier (rather than just looking happier). Even if the smile is fake, the benefits you will experience are real! Also, a fake smile leads readily to a genuine one. If you are able to put a smile on your face, the laughter will come more easily, and the stress will melt more easily. If your situation seems ridiculously frustrating, recognize what can develop into humor in just how ridiculously frustrating and annoying it is. In your imagination, take the situation to an extreme that becomes even more ridiculous until you find yourself amused. For example, when you're waiting in a long line at the store, you can imagine that hours pass, then days, visualizing yourself accepting visits from loved ones from your new home in this ultra-long line, holding your children's birthday parties in aisle seven so you can be there to enjoy them...you get the picture. Besides, find a friend with whom you can laugh also works! You can each share your frustrations, and laugh about them in the process. Even when your friend isn't there, you can feel less stressed by thinking about the retelling that will come later. You can have a “most annoying boss” game with your friends, or try to count how many times the same potentially frustrating event happens in a day.(“I was cut off in traffic 7 times today—I'm almost up to 10!”) This works well for predictable or repetitive annoying situations that you can't control; you can begin to value them in their own special way instead of letting them upset you. One of the factors that drive the popularity of shows like Modern Family or movies like the classic Ferris Bueller's Day Off, is that they take somewhat universal situations that many people find frustrating and push them a little further, pointing out the silliness of it all. What's more, you can try joining Funny Clubs.Years ago, when Oprah had a show rather than a network, she did a part on Laughter Yoga that interested me, and I researched a club on my own, finding it to be a terrific place to enjoy a good laugh. Whether you mean business or laugh at the silliness of it all, taking part in the exercises of laughter yoga with other humor-participants can be a very effective way to get back in the practice of getting some more laughter into your day.