中学英语常用词语辨析(比较用法)

中学英语常用词语辨析(比较用法)
中学英语常用词语辨析(比较用法)

Aa

about;around;round

这三个词做副词时都含“四处”“遍地”的意思。

about是常用词。如:

look about四处看

around具有about的基本意思,因此look about=look around,但在下列短语里around没有about正式。如:travel around到处旅行

round和around在非正式用法中可以互换,但通常用round 时更简练。在正式用语中,通常用round指“旋转”,而用around 指“处处”“到处”。如:

She turned round at such a noise.听到这样的吵声,她回头看了看。

I have been looking for it all around.我到处都找过了。

另外,英国人用round的地方,美国人倾向于用around。如:

英Winter comes round.

美Winter comes around.

above all;after all;at all

above all意为“尤其是”“首先”“最重要的是”,常位于句首或句中,做插入语,起强调作用。如:

But above all tell me quickly what I have to do.可首先快些

告诉我,我该做什么。

A clock must above all keeps good time.时钟最重要的是必须走得准。

after all意为“毕竟”“终究”“终归”“到底”,在句中位置较灵活。可位于句首、句中或句末。如:

After all,your birthday is only two weeks away.毕竟,两周后就是你的生日。

He is,after all,a small child.他毕竟还是个小孩子。

He failed after all.他终于失败了。

at all用于否定句时,意为“丝毫;根本”;用于疑问句时,意为“究竟;到底”;用于条件句时,常译为“当真;实在”;用于肯定句时,表示说话人的某种情绪或情感(如怀疑或惊奇

等),意为“竟然”等。如:

He doesn’t like you at all.他根本不喜欢你。

Are you going to do it at all?你究竟做不做这件事?

If you do it at all,do it well.若你真要做这件事,就得做好。

I was surprised at his coming at all.他竟然来了,我很惊讶。

add;add to;add...to;add up to

add作“加,增加”解时,既可做及物动词,又可用作不及物动词;作“又说,补充说”解时,与直接或间接引语连用。如:

If the tea is too strong,add some more hot water.如果茶太浓了,再加点开水。

After a short while,he added that he would try his best.过了一会儿,他又接着说他会尽力的。

add to意为“增添,增加,增进”。如:

The bad weather added to our difficulties.恶劣的天气增加了我们的困难。

add...to意为“把…加到…”,是把前一项加到后一项之后或之中。如:

Add two to seven,and you will get nine.七加二等于九。

add up to意为“加起来总共是/累计得”,该短语不用于被动语态。如:

All his school education added up to no more than one year.他的学校教育加起来不过一年。

affair;thing;matter;business

affair意为“事情、事件”,含义较广,泛指已做或待做的事;复数affairs通常通常指商业事务及政府的日常事务,如财政管理、外交事务等。thing意为“事情、事物”,不管大事小事、好事坏事均称为thing,通常不能专指事务;复数things还可作“形势”解。matter侧重指须留心的要事或问题、难题。business作“事务、事情”解时,通常不能用复数,常常指所指派的任务、责任;有时说的是指派的工作或商业上的买卖活动。

a great deal;a great deal of

a great deal用作名词,意为“大量,许多”,做主语、宾语;用作副词,意为“很”或“非常”,做状语,修饰动词或用来强调比较级。如:

A great deal has been studied and this is the best way.经过大量研究后,这(被认为)是最好的办法。

We are a great deal cleverer than before.我们比以前聪明多了。

a great deal of意为“大量的,非常多的”,相当于much,做定语,后接不可数名词。如:

A great deal of time/money/energy has been spent on the project.大量的时间/金钱/能源花在那项工程上了。

agree on;agree to;agree with;agree that

agree on作“就…取得一致意见”解。如:

The building of a new car factory was agreed on last month.上月,就建一座新汽车厂之事达成了协议。

agree to有两层含义和用法:

其一,to作为动词不定式符号,其后跟动词原形,作“同意(答应)做某事”解。如:

My father agreed to buy a new pen for me.父亲答应给我买支新钢笔。

其二,to作为介词,之后跟表示计划/条件/建议等一类的名词或代词。如:

They have agreed to our plan.他们已同意我们的计划。

agree with作“同意某人的意见”解,其后可跟表示人的名词或代词,也可跟表示意见或说的话的名词或从句。如:He agreed with my opinions.他同意了我的意见。

We agreed with what he said at the meeting.我们同意他在会上讲的话。

agree that作“认为…”解,其后跟宾语从句。如:

I agree that your composition is very good.我认为你的这篇作文写得不错。

allow;let

两者均可作“允许”解,但各有侧重:

allow重在“允许”或“容许”,也可表示客气的请求。如:

He allowed me to take his dictionary.他允许我拿走他的词典。

Will you allow me to use your bike?我可以用你的自行车吗?

let作“允许”或“让”解,主要用于口语,通常可与allow 互换。作“允许”解时,常暗含“听任”“默许”之意;作“让”解时,常含祈使或建议之意。

[注]let之后做宾补的不定式不带to,且不可用于被动语态,而allow则相反。如:

Please let me walk with you.=Please allow me to walk with you.我(请允许我)跟你一起走。

[注]allow常用于allow sb.to do sth.或allow doing sth.结

构中。

although;though;as

三者均可表示“尽管;虽然”,引导让步状语从句。although 用法较正式,语气较强;though较常用;as则主要用于倒装句。它们的用法如下:

状语从句由although,though或as引导,主句之前不可有but,and,so,however等并列连词,但可有yet或still等副词。although与though常可互换。如:

Although/Though he believes it,yet he will not act.他虽然相信它,但却不肯有所行动。

as表示“尽管;虽然”,只能用于倒装句,即:将表语、

状语或谓语动词放在as之前。though也可这么用。如:Young as/though he is,he knows a lot.他虽然年纪不大,却懂得很多。

[注]如果表语是单数名词,要省略a。如:

Child as/though he is,he can speak two foreign languages.虽然他是个孩子,但他会说两种外语。

though可以放在句末,表示“但是”,although却不能。如:They said they would come;they did not,though.他们说他们会来,可是他们并没有来。

although只用来陈述事实,不能表示假设。因此可以说even though以及as though,不能说even although或as although。如:

I believe you are on duty,even though you’re in plain clothes.

尽管你穿着便衣,我相信你是在值勤。

among;between

这两个介词都有“在…之间”的意思。between常用于两者之间;among通常指三个或三个以上的人或物之间。若指三个以上人或物中的每两个之间时,仍然要用between。如:The girl walked between her father and mother.这个女孩走在她父亲和母亲之间。

She is the tallest among her classmates.她在她同学中是最高的。

Switzerland lies between France,Italy,Austria and Germany.瑞士位于法国、意大利、奥地利和德国之间。

argue;debate;dispute

这三个词都含“辩论”的意思。

argue着重说理、论证和企图说服。如:

I argued with her for a long time,but she refused to listen to reason.我和她辩论了好久,但她还是不听。

debate着重“双方各述己见”,内含“交锋”的意思。如:We have been debating about the issue.我们一直在就这个问题进行辩论。

dispute指“激烈争辩”,含有“相持不下”或“未得解决”之意。如:

Whether he will be elected as chairman is still disputed.他是

否当选为主席,仍然有争论。

argue;quarrel;discuss

这三个动词均有“争”的意思,但“争”法不同。

argue着重就自己的看法或观点提出论证,同他人“争论”或“辩论”。如:

We heard them arguing in the other room.我们听见他们在另一个房间里争论。

另外,argue与with连用,其后接人;与about连用,其后接事物。如:

We argued with them about this problem for a long time.这个问题我们同他们辩论了很长时间。

quarrel是指对某事不喜欢或强烈不满而发生的“争吵”或“吵架”。与with连用,其后接某人;与about连用,其后接某事。如:

He often quarrels about their housework with his wife.他常为家务事同妻子争吵。

discuss是指认真交换自己的意见或看法的“讨论”。如:We’ll discuss the use of the articles tomorrow.明天我们将讨论冠词的用法。

as(so)far as;as(so)long as

as(so)far as的意思是“就…而言(所知)”,as(so)far as sth.is concerned是其中一种具体用法,意为“就某事而言”;as

(so)long as意为“只要”,引导条件状语从句。如:As far as I know,more than10million laid off workers have found their new jobs.就我所知,一千多万下岗工人已经找到了新的工作。

There is nothing that we can’t do so/as long as we keep on trying to do it.只要我们不断地努力去做,就没有什么事干不成。

As far as the tourism of China is concerned,there is a long way to go.就中国的旅游业而言,需要做的工作还很多。

asleep;sleeping

两者都是形容词。asleep仅用作表语,不能做定语,表示

“睡着,熟睡”的意思;而sleeping通常只能用作定语,放在名词前,表示“睡眠中的,休止的”的意思。我们不能说:an asleep baby,但可以说:a sleeping baby。如:

He was asleep with his head on his arms.他头枕着手臂在熟睡。

asleep dog正在熟睡的狗

sleeping car卧车sleeping bag睡袋

assert;affirm;maintain

assert宣称、断言,常指某人主观自信,坚持己见,有时不顾客观事实而断言下结论。affirm指以事实为依据,深信不疑地肯定某种观点或看法。maintain指在相反的证据或论点面

前,重申原来的某种观点、立场。

EXERCISES

①Despite all the policeman’s questions the suspect that he had been at home all evening.

②It is nonsense to that smoking does not damage people’s health.

③Throughout his prison sentence Dunn has always his innocence.

Key:①affirmed②assert③maintained

as though;even though;though

as though=as if,意为“好像;似乎”,引导方式状语从句

或表语从句。如:

He spoke as though/as if he had been here before.他说话的口气好像他以前来过这里。

It looks as if/as though it is going to rain.看起来好像要下雨了。

even though=even if,意为“即使”,引导让步状语从句。though也可引导让步状语从句,意为“虽然”;even though有退一步设想的意味,与though不同。though引导的句子所说的是事实;even though引导的句子所说的则不一定是事实。如:He will not tell the secret even though/even if he knows it.即使他知道这个秘密,他也不肯说出来。

He will not tell the secret though he knows it.他虽然知道这

初中英语词汇辨析的分类汇编含答案

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once a week等)提问。 如: —How often does he come here? —Once a month. 他(每隔)多久来一次?每月一次? how soon指再过多久,主要用来对表示将来的一段时间(in an hour, in two weeks 等)提问。 如: How soon can you come? 你多快能赶来? 3. few, a few, little, a little, several, some few 和little的意思是否定的,表示“很少”或“几乎没有”; 而a few和a little的意思是肯定的,表示“有一些,有一点儿”。 few 和a few修饰可数名词;little 和a little 修饰不可数名词。 several用于修饰可数名词,语意比a few和some更肯定,含有“好几个”的意思。 some可修饰可数名词,也可修饰不可数名词,从数量上说,它有时相当于a few 或a little,有时指更多一些的数量。 4. the other, another the other 指两个人或事物中的“另一个”,表示特指。

(完整版)中考英语常用动词短语(超全)

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英语常见单词和短语 1.常见的蔬菜(vegetable):pepper ['pep?]胡椒 hot pepper辣椒 tomato[t?'ma?t?u] 番茄,西红柿 cucumber ['kju?k?mb?]黄瓜eggplant['egplɑ?nt] 茄子 potato[p?'teit?u ]马铃薯 carrot ['k?r?t] 胡萝卜pumpkin ['p?m(p)kin] 南瓜cabbage [k?bid?] 圆白菜,卷心菜 melon ['mel?n] 香瓜,甜瓜mushroom ['m??ru?m] 蘑菇 pea 豌豆 bamboo [b?m'bu:] 竹笋 (竹子) 2.常见的动物(animals) 狮—lion ['la??n] 豹——leopard ['lep?d] 熊猫—panda ['p?nd?] 老虎——tiger ['ta?g?] 狼—wolf [wulf] 公牛—bull [b?l] 母牛—cow[kau] 绵羊-----sheep [?i?p] (单复同行) 羊羔——lamb [l?m] 熊—bear [be?] 骆驼—camel['k?m(?)l] 鹿——deer [d??] 大象elephant ['el?f(?)nt] 狐狸——fox [f?ks] 长颈鹿-giraffe [d??'rɑ:f]马——horse [h??s] 猪——pig [p?g]] 狗——dog [d?g] 猴子—monkey ['m??k?] 蝙蝠——bat [b?t]] 猫——cat [k?t] 袋鼠—kangaroo [,k??g?'ru? ]松鼠-squirrel ['skw?r(?)l] 兔子——rabbit ['r?b?t] 老鼠-rat/mouse [ma?s](mice)海豚—dolphin ['d?lf?n]鲸——whale [we?l] 海豹——seal [si?l] 乌龟—tortoise ['t?:t?s] 鱼——fish [f??] 蛙——frog [fr?g] 蛇——snake [sne?k] 公鸡——cock [k?k] 母鸡——hen [hen] 小鸡——chick [t??k] 鸭子duck [d?k] 鹅——goose [gu?s] 蜘蛛-spider [spaid?] 蚂蚁ant[?nt] 蜜蜂bee [bi?] 蝴蝶butterfly['b?t?fla?] 蜻蜓dragonfly ['dr?g(?)nfla?] 老鹰eagle['i?g(?)l] 猫头鹰owl [a?l] 乌鸦crow[kr??] 鸽子dove[d?v] 鸟bird[b??d] 燕子swallow['sw?l??]] 麻雀sparrow['sp?r??] 企鹅penguin ['pe?gw?n] 蚊子mosquito[m?'ski?t??] 4.常见国家(countries) 中国-China['t?ain?] 美国-USA(American) 英国(England)(UK) theUnited Kingdom['ki?d?m] 日本-Japan[d??'p?n] 意大利-Italy['it?li] 法国-France[frɑ:ns] 西班牙-Spain[spein] 葡萄牙-Portugal['p?tjuɡ?l] 德国-Germany['d??:m?n] 澳大 利亚-Australia[?'stre?l??] 新西兰-New Zealand['zil?nd] 新加坡-Singapore[s??g?'p?:] 泰国-Thailand['tai l?nd] 印度-India['?nd??] 韩国-South Korea[k?'r??] 马来西亚-Malaysia[m?le???] 菲律宾-the Philippines[fili'pi:nz] 古巴Cuba['kjub?] 5.各种常见的颜色(colors) blue[blu:]蓝色 green[gri:n]绿色 purple['p?:p(?)l]紫色 yellow['jel??]黄色 red[red]红色 pink[p??k]粉红色 brown[bra?n] 褐色;棕色 white[wa?t] 白色 gray [gre?] 灰色 6.运动项目(sports events) Swimming['sw?m??] 游泳 Diving['daivi?] 跳水 Athletics[?θ'letiks]田径 high jump[d??mp] 跳高 long jump 跳远 javelin['d??vin] 标枪 marathon['m?r?θ?n] 马拉松 Badminton['b?dmint(?)n] 羽 毛球 Baseball['beisb?:l] 棒球 Basketball['bɑ:skitb?:l] 篮球 Football['futb?:l] 足球 Table Tennis 乒乓球 Tennis['tenis] 网球 Volleyball['v?lib?:l] 排球 Cycling['saikli?](自行车) 7.单位名称(units) 1.Hospital['h?spit(?)l] 医院 2.post office 邮局 3. police station 警察局 4.school 学校 5. Bank[b??k] 银行 6.court[k?:t] 法院 7. government['g?v(?)n,m(?)nt] 政府 8. supermaket 超市 10.kindergarten ['k?nd?,gɑ:t(?)n] 幼儿园 11. hotel[h??'tel] 宾馆 12. company['k?mp(?)n?] 公司 13. bus station['ste??(?)n] 汽 车站局 14.restaurant['restr?nt] 饭店 15.factory['f?kt?ri] 工厂 8.人体各部位(parts of body) head[hed]头

初中英语词汇辨析的分类汇编附解析

一、选择题 1.hard work, I'm sure you can turn yourself into a more successful man. A.By B.Through C.From D.Without 2.—Oh, my God! I have ________ five pounds after the Spring Festival. —All of the girls want to lose weight, but easier said than done. A.given up B.put on C.got on D.grown up 3.Gina didn’t study medicine. ________, she decided to become an actor. A.Instead B.Again C.Anyway D.Also 4.Her only problem, ________ you can call it a problem, is that she expects to be successful all the time. A.if B.because C.though D.since 5.Mr. Smith gave us some________on how to improve our speaking skills. A.advice B.news C.knowledge D.information 6.More and more people have realized that clear waters and green mountains are as ________ as mountain of gold and silver. A.central B.harmful C.valuable D.careful 7.—Can you ________ some of the famous tourist attractions in Paris? —Sure. There is Notre Dame, the Eiffel Tower, the Louvre, etc. A.call B.tell C.name D.talk 8.The next Olympic Games will be held in Japan________ 27th July 2020. A.on B.in C.at D.of 9.— Is your home close to the school, Tom? — No, it's a long way, but I am________ late for school because I get up early daily. A.always B.usually C.never D.sometimes 10.—Do you know what the meeting is about? —Yes, of course. It will ________ some important rules we need to know about our new senior high school. A.talk B.achieve C.memorize D.cover 11.—Hardly any people believe that a(n) ________ meeting will lead to a lasting love. —I agree. A.familiar B.distant C.accidental D.present 12.My email ________ to you last night. Have you received it ________? A.sent; too B.is sent; already C.was sent; yet D.was sent; either 13.—Dad, are you ________this afternoon? —Yes, I have no time to play with you, Mary. A.late B.free C.busy D.happy

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