直接引语变间接引语
直接引语&间接引语
引述别人的话时，一般采用两种方式：一是引用别人的原话，把它放在引号内，称为直接引语;二是用自己的话加以转述，被转述的话不放在引号内，称为间接引语。间接引语在大多数情况下是一个宾语从句。直接引语变成间接引语时，要注意以下几点：人称变化、时态变化、宾语从句要用陈述句语序等。
1. 直接引语是陈述句，变成间接引语时，由连词that 引导。例如：
She said, “I am very happy to be with you.” →She said (that) she was very happy to be with me.
He said,“I will choose a book for my students.” →He said(that)he would choose a book for his students.
2. 直接引语是一般疑问句时，变成间接引语，由连词whether或if 引导。例如：
He asked me, “Do you like watching TV?”→He asked me if/whether I liked watching TV.
He asked, “Are you sure your mother will come?”→He asked me whether / if I was sure my mother would come.
注意：大多数情况下，if和whether 在引导宾语从句时可以互换，但后紧跟or not时,一般只用whether。eg：She asked me whether or not he could do the work. / She asked me whether he could do the work or not.
3. 直接引语是特殊疑问句，变成间接引语时，由相应的连接词who, whom, what, whose, how, when, why, where 等引导。例如：
He asked: “Where are you to get off, John?” →He asked John where he was to get off.
My sister asked me, “How do you like the play?”→My sister asked m e how I liked the play.
Tom asked me, “Who is the boy over there?”→Tom asked me, “Who was the boy over there?”
4. 直接引语是祈使句，其间接引语由主语+动词ask(委婉语气)，tell(一般语气)，order (命令语气)或warn, advise等+复合宾语(名/代词+动词不定式)构成。如：
He said, “Please come here again tomorrow.”→He asked me to go there again the next day.
“Be careful with the dog.”→He warned me to be careful with the dog.
5. 直接引语变间接引语时，如果引述动词为过去式，需注意时态的变化：如：
1) Betty said, “Lingling is singing in the classroom now.” 现在进行时→
Betty said Lingling was singing in the class room then.-过去进行时
2) He said, “I will go to London next week.” 一般将来时→
He said he would go to London next week. 过去将来时
3) My mother said, “I have already cleaned the house.” 现在完成时→
My mother said she had already cleaned the house. 过去完成时
注意:
1. 直接引语是客观事实、普遍真理等，主句尽管是过去时态，变成间接引语时，时态仍然用一般现在时态。例如：They told their son,“The earth goes round the sun.”→They told their son that the earth goes round the sun.
2. 直接引语变间接引语时，指示代词、时间状语、地点状语、动词等要作相应的变化。如：
this→that, these→those, now→then, today→that day, yesterday→the day before,
last year→the year before, ago→before, here→there come→go等。例如：
He said, “I haven?t seen them today.” →He said that he hadn?t seen them that day.
但是，如果转述时对话人双方就在原来的地方，或在说话的当天，就不必改变相应的时间状语、地点状语等。总之,对这些变化不能机械理解，应根据实际情况来决定所作的变化。
3. 间接引语一般要用陈述句的语序，即主、谓、宾的顺序。例如：
He asked Lucy,“Where did you go?”→He asked Lucy where she w
请把下列各句中的直接引语改为间接引语。
1. Mr Liu said, “She gets up late.”Mr Liu said that ______ ______ up late.
2. He said to me, “I can finish my homework now.”
He said to me that ______ ______ finish his homework ______.
3. “My brother joined the army in 1970,” he said.He said that ______ brother ______ the army in 1970.
4. “I want to go to see a movie,” said Mary.Mary said ______ ______ to go to see a movie.
5. M um said, “I put your coat here.”Mum said that ______ put ______ coat ______.
6. He said, “My brother doesn?t want to come here now.”
He said that his brother ______ want to ______ ______ ______.
7. Betty said, “These apples are Lingling?s.”Betty sa id ______ apples ______ Lingling?s.
8. Tony said, “We are going to Guangzhou tonight.”
Tony said ______ ______ going to Guangzhou ______ ______.
1. she got
2. he could; then
3. his; joined
4. she wanted
5. she; my; there
6. didn?t; go there then
7. tho se; were
8. they were; that night
【练习】
把下列句子中的直接引语改为间接引语。
1. Betty said, “The earth goes around the sun.”Betty said ______________________________.
2. His father told him, “Please go home after school.”His father told him ________________________.
3. Mum said, “Mary is doing her homework in the room.”Mum said _______________________________.
4. She asked, “Are you leaving today or tomorrow?”She asked ________________________________
5. “Who will go to meet him?” asked my friend.My friend asked me __________________._
1. the earth goes around the sun
2. to go home after school
3. Mary was doing her homework in the room
4. whether / if we were leaving that day or the next day
5. who would go to meet him
“一随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化如：
She said. "My brother wants to go with me. "→She said her brother wanted to go with her.
“二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时，若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称。或被第二人你所修饰。从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语。也可以用第一人称，如：
He said to Kate. "How is your sister now?"→H e asked Kate how her sister was then。
“第三人称不更新”是指直接引语变间接引语时。如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰从句中的人称一般不需要变化如：
Mr Smith said。"Jack is a good worker。"→Mr Smith said Jack was a good worker。
变时态：
直接引语在改为间接引语时、时态需要做相应的调整。
现在时它需改为过去时态；过去时态改为完成时；过去完成时则保留原来的时态。如：
1)She said. "I have lost a pen."→She said she had lost a pen
2)She said. "We hope so."→She said they hoped so.
3) She said. "He will go to see his friend。"→She said he would go to see his friend。
但要注意在以下几种情况下。在直接引语变为间接引语时，时态一般不变化。
①直接引语是客观真理。
"The earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth, the teacher told me. → The teacher told me the earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth。
②直接引语是过去进行时，时态不变。如：
Jack said. "John, where were you going when I met you in the str eet?"→Jack asked John where he was going when he met him in the street。
③直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语，变为间接引语时，时态不变。如：
Xiao Wang said. "I was born on April 2l, 1980。" →Xiao Wang said he was born on April 20, 1980。
④直接引语如果是一般现在时。表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作，变间接引语，时态不变。如：
He said, "I get up at six every morning。" →He said he gets up at six every morning。
⑤如果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去时的形式（例：ought to，had better, used to)和已经是过去时的形式时，（例：could, should, would, might）不再变。如：
Peter said. "You had better come have today。" →Peter said I had bet ter go there that day。
三、如何变状语：
直接引语变间接引语，状语变化有其内在规津，时间状语由“现在”改为“原来”（例：now变为then, yesterday。变为the day before）地点状语，尤其表示方向性的，或用指示代词修饰的状语，由“此”改为“彼”（例：this 改为that),如：He said, "These books are mine." →He said those books were his.
四、如何变句型：
①直接引语如果是陈述句，间接引语应改为由that引导的宾语从句。如：She said, "Our bus will arrive in five minutes."→She said that their bus would arrive in five minutes.
②直接引语如果是反意疑问句，选择疑问句或一般疑问句，间接引语应改为由whether或if引导的宾语从句.如：He said, "Can you swim, John?" →He asked John if he could swim.
"You have fini shed the homework, haven…t you?" my mother asked. →My mother asked me whether I had finished the homework.
"Do you go to school by bus or by bike?" →He asked me if I went to school by bus or by bike.
③直接引语如果是特殊问句，间接引语应该改为由疑问代词或疑问副词引导的宾语从句（宾语从句必须用陈述句语序）。
She asked me, "When do they have their dinner?"→ She asked me when they had their dinner.
④直接引语如果是祈使句，间接引语应改为"tell(ask, order, beg等) sb (not) to do sth."句型。如：
"Don?t make any noise," she said to the children. →She told (ordered) the children not to make any noise. "Bring me a cup of tea, please," said she.→She asked him to bring her a cup of tea.
⑤直接引语如果是以“Let…s”开头的祈使句，变为间接引语时，通常用“suggest +动句词（或从句）。”如：He said, "Let?s go to the film."
→He suggested going to the film.或He suggested that they should go to see the film.
引述别人的话有两种方式：一是使用引号引出人家的原话，这叫做直接引语；一是用自己的话把人家的话转述出来，这叫做间接引语。例如：
John said, "I?m going to London with my father." 约翰说："我要和父亲到伦敦去。"（引号内是直接引语）John said that he was going to London with his father. 约翰说，他要和他父亲去伦敦。（宾语从句是间接引语）
1. 直接引语为陈述句时如何变为间接引语的方法
将直接引语变为由that引导的宾语从句跟在引述动词之后(that引导的宾语从句跟在引述动词之后(tw Roman'">也可省略)。如：He said, “I want to buy a dictionary.” →He said (that) he wanted to buy a dictionary. 注：(1) 若引述动词用的是say to sb这样的句型，则通常改为tell sb：：“I hope you can come,” he said to me. →He told me that he hoped I could go. (2) 若直接引语是两个并列的陈述句，要注意在第二个宾语从句前加连词that：He said, “I am tired and I want to have a rest.”→He said that he was tired and that he wanted to have a rest.在此种情况下，引导第一个宾语从句的that在此种情况下，引导第一个有时可以省略，但引导第二个宾语从句的that通常不省略，以免误解。
2. 直接引语为一般疑问句时如何变为间接引语的方法
将直接引语变为由if 或whether if 引导的宾语从句跟在引述动词之后：“Have you been there?” he asked. →He asked if I had been there.注：(1) 改为宾语从句的间接引语要用陈述句词序。(2) 若直接引语的引述动词为say，改成间接引语应将其改为asksay等：“Do you like it?” he said. →He asked if [whether] I liked it.
3. 直接引语为特殊疑问句时如何变为间接引语的方法
将直接引语变为由“疑问词”引导的宾语从句跟在引述动词之后：He said, “Jim, when is the next train?” →He asked Jim when the next train was. 注：(1) 改为宾语从句的间接引语要用陈述句词序。(2) 若直接引语的引
述动词为mes New Roman'">(2) ，改成间接引语应将其改为ask等：He said, “Where is the station?”
→He asked where the station was.”
4. 直接引语变间接引语的五点变化
(1) 时态的变化。直接引语变为间接引语时，若主句为过去时态，变为间接引语的宾语从句通常要将时态往后推一个，即：一般现在时变为一般过去时，一般将来时变为过去将来时，现在进行时变为过去进行时，现在完成时变为过去完成时，一般过去时变为过去完成时(若直接引语为过去完成时，变为间接引语时，可以不变)，情态动词can, may 等分别变为could, might 等。如：“It will rain soon,” he said.→He said that it would rain that night. “She can→He said that it would rain that night. →He said that she could speak French. 注：①若直接引语为客观真理，则变为间接引语时时态不变。如：The teacher said, “The earth turns around the sun.”→The teacher said that the earth turns around the sun.②有时直接引语有特定的过去时间状语，变为间接引语时时态可不变。如：He said, “My son was born in 1995.”→He said that his son was born in 1995. (2) 时间状语的变化。直接引语变间接引语时，有些时间状语也要相应的改动：
now 现在then 那时，当时
today 今天 that day 那天
tonight 今晚 that night 那天晚上
this week (month, year) 本周(本月,今年) that week (month, year) 上周(上个月，去年)
yesterday 昨天 the day before 前一天
the day before yesterday 前天 two days before 前两天
last week (month, year) 上周(上个月,去年) the week (month, year) before 前一周(前一个月，前一年)( two days (years) ago 两天(年)前 two days (years) before 两天前
tomorrow 明天 the next day 第二天
next week (month, year) 下周(下个月,明年) the next week (month, year) 第二个星期(月，年)
He said, “She left yesterday.”→He said that she had left the day before.She said, “I?ll tell you tomorrow.”→She said that she would tell me the next day.He said, “It happened two days ago.”→He said that it had happened two days before. 注：以上变化有时应视情况而定，若在当时转述，now不必改为then；若在当天转述，today, yesterday, tomorrow等不必改为that day, the day before, the next day等；若在当周转述，this week, last week 不必改为that week, the last week；若在当年转述，this year, last year 不必改为that year, the last year等。(3)
代词的变化。在直接引语变为间接引语时，有些代词也要作相应的变化，如指示代词this和these通常变为that和those。有时人称代词也要根据情况作适当调整。如：
“I like these better than she does,” he said to me.→He told me that he liked those better than she did.注：若场所和地点不发生改变，this和that也可不变。(4) 地点状语的变化。主要涉及的地点状语是here，它在间接引语中通常要变为there：：“I live here now,” he said.→He said that he lived there then. 【注】若在当地转述，则here 也可不改为there。(5) 动词的变化。直接引语变为间接引语时，有个别动词也可能需要改变，如come 直接引语变为间接引语时，有个别动词也可能需要改变，如改为go，bring 改为take 等：“He will come here today,” she said. →She said that he would go there that day. 注：若地点和场所未发生改变，come和bring等也可不变。
1. 直接引语（Direct Speech）是指原封不动的引用原话，把它放在引号内，例如：Mother told me, “You should finish your homework first, then you can go out and play with your friends.”
She said, “The milk will go off（变质）if you don’t drink it today.”
－> She said the milk would go off if I didn’t drink it that day.
They said, “We’re going to Hawaii this summer vacation.”
－> They said they were going to Hawaii that summer vacation.
但是，在引述时，如果原话中的动作或者状态属于尚未到来的将来时间，那么，可以不推移到过去将来时间。例如：
He said, “I’ll be waiting for you tomorrow.”－> He said he will be waiting for me tomorrow.
4）人称代词、限定词、时间状语、地点状语的变化
由上面的例子可以看出，当直接引语变成间接引语时，除动词时态变化外，人称代词、限定词、时间状语、地点状语等通常也作相应的变化。
a）人称代词，除引述本人原话外，通常第一、二人称变为第三人称，或者第二人称变为第一人称；限定词也作相应的变化。例如：
He said, “We love our country.”－> He said they love their county.
b）指示代词this，these分别变成that/it，those/they或them；指示限定词this，those通常变为that，those 或the。例如：
“This house is very expensive,” she said. －> She said that house was very expensive.
The children came back with two wallets and said, “We picked these up on the pavement.”
－> The children came back with two wallets and said they had picked them up on the pavement.
c）时间状语在间接引语中的变化有三种情况：
i）时间状语和动词时态两者都变。例如：
He said, “It was completes a year ago.”－> He said it had been completed a year before.
ii）时间状语不变，动词时态可变可不变。例如：
She said, “ We left Paris at 8 a.m.”－> She said they had left Paris at 8 a.m.
She said they left Paris at 8 a.m.
iii）时间状语变与不变需视具体情况而定，如果引述时间和说话时间（如同一年、同一月、同一天等），时间状语可不变。例如：
Mr. Black said, “We started learning Chinese last month.”
－> Mr. Black said they had started learning Chinese last month. （同一月引述）
－> Mr. Black said they had started learning Chinese the previous month. （可在同一月引述，也可不在同一月引述）
时间状语在间接引语中的变化规则如下：
直接引语间接引语
today that day
this morning/afternoon, etc. that morning/afternoon, etc.
yesterday the day before, the previous day
(the) day before yesterday two days before
tomorrow the next day, the following day
(the) day after tomorrow two days after, in two days’ time
next week/month, etc. the next week/month, etc.
last week/month the week/month before
now then
d）地点状语here通常变为there；但若说话人所在地也就是引述人所在地，可仍用here，也可用具体地点代替here。例如：
She said, “I first met your brother here.”－> She said she first met my brother there.
“Are the children here?” Father asked. －> Father asked whether the children were here.
直接引述别人的原话，叫直接引语。用自己的话转述别人的话，叫间接引语。间接引语在多数情况下构成宾语从句。直接引语一般前后要加引号，间接引语不用引号。例如：Mr Black said, “I'm busy” 布莱克先生说：“我很忙”（直接引语）
Mr Black said that he was busy. 布莱克先生说他很忙。（间接引语）
1 陈述句直接引语如果是陈述句，变为间接引语时，用连词that引导（that在口语中常省略），从句中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等要作相应变化。在这一方面，汉语和英语有许多相似之处，因此，在做直接引语和间接引语转换练习时，要特别注意句子的意义。
1）人称的变化
a) He said, “I like it very much.”他说：“我非常喜欢它。”He said that he liked it very much.他说他非常喜欢它。
b) He saidto me, “I've left my book in your room.” 他对我说：“我把书放在你的房间里了。”
He told me that he had left his book in my room.他告诉我他把书放在我的房间里了。
2）时态的变化如主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，直接引语变间接引语时，从句的谓语动词在时态方面要作相应的变化。如主句的谓语动词是现在时，从句的时态则无需变化。
时态的变化
例句直接引语间接引语
一般现在时→一般过去时
He said, “I'm afraid I can't finish this work.”
He said that he was afraid he couldn't finish that work.
现在进行时→过去进行时
He said, “I'm using theknife.”He said that he was using the knife.
现在完成时→过去完成时
She said, “I have not heard from him since May.”
She said that she had not heard from him since May.
一般过去时→过去完成
He said, “I came to help you.”He said that he had come to help me.
过去完成时不变
He said, “I had finished my homework before supper.”
He said that he had finished his homework before supper.
3)指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化：
例句直接引语
间接引语
this-that 这个-那个
She sa id, “Iwill come this morning." She said that she would go that morning.
these-those这些=那些
He said, "These books are mine." He said that those books were his.
now-then现在-那时
He said, "It is nine 0'clock now." He said that it was nine 0'clock then.
today-that day 今天-那天
He said, "I haven't seen her today." He said that he hadn't seen her that day.
yesterday-the day before昨天-前一天
she said, "I went there yesterday." She said that she had gone there the day before.
tomorrow-the next(following) day 明天-第二天
she said, "I'll go there tomorrow."
She said that she would go there the next (following) day.
here-there这里-那里come-go来-去
注：（1）直接引语如果是客观真理，变为间接引语时，时态不变。如：
He said, "Light travels much faster than sound." He said that light travels much faster than sound.
(2)如果在当地转述，here 不必改为there,动词come 不必改为go. 如果在当天转述yesterday, tomorrow 等时间状语也不必改变。
原话有4种情况
1.陈述句,连词用that(that可以省略)
2.一般疑问句，连词用if或whether
3.特殊疑问句,连词用本身的疑问词
4.祈使句,用句型ask sb.(not)to do sth.或tell sb.(not)to do sth.
变化时还要注意人称、时态
1 He said , “Mother, the boy is very naughty.”
2 He said to me, “I have left my book in your room.”
3 Kitty said “I?ll call again after supper this evening.”
4 She said, “I will come here again tonight.”
5 He said, “I arrived yesterday morning.”
6 She said , “My sister will be back tomorrow morning.”
7 “The children had better go to bed early,” she said.
8 He said , “I have lost my umbrella.”
9 Paul said, “I?m trying to get a taxi.”
10 “I never eat meat.” He explained.
11 “Have you been here for ages?” she said.
12 “I took the dictionary home with me,” he said.
13 “Frank, I came to return you the book,” Henry said.
14 He asked, “Are you sure your mother will come??
15 He asked, “Are you a teacher or a student?”
16 He said to me, “Please come again tomorrow.”
17 He said to me, “Don?t do that again.”
18 He said, “Where is she going?”
19 “Who lives next door?” she asked.
20 “What?s happened?” he asked.
21 “Where is the airport?” he asked.
22.”What have you got in your bag?” the asked .
23 “Mary, when is the next train?” he asked.
24 “Why did you stop the car, Tom? ” she asked.
25 “Is there anyone here?” he asked.
26 “Do you know Mrs Green?” he asked me.
27 “Shall I wait for them or shall I go on?” the m an asked.
28 “Shall I lock the car or leave it unlocked?” she asked.
29 “Will you be here tomorrow?” he asked me.
30 “Would you like to come in for a drink?” she asked Bill.
31 “Could me give me a hand?” Mr Black asked Tom.
32 “You?ll be back tonight, won?t you?” my wife asked me.
33 “Don?t swim out too far, children,” mother said.
34 “Please let me have a try.” Jane said to the teacher.
35 “Do sit down, everybody.” said the hostess.
36 “Please don?t take any risks,” said his wife.
37 “Don?t forget to take your pills,” said mother to his daughter.
38 “Put down your gun, man!” said the inspector.
39 “Be quiet, girls.” said the old man.
40 “Bring your textbook with you tomorrow, please.” The teacher said to her.
41 I asked Wang Dong “Are there any spelling mistakes in my exercises?”
参考答案：
1.He told his mother that the boy was very naughty.
2.He told me that he had left my book in my room.
3. Kitty said that she would call again after supper that evening.
4. She said she would come here again that night.
5 He said that he had arrived last morning.
6.She said her sister would be back the next morning.
7. she said the children had better go to bed early .
8.He said he had lost his umbrella.
9.Paul said that he was trying to get a taxi.
10 He explained that he never ate meat.
11 she said if I had been here for ages.
12 he said that he had taken the dictionary home with him.
13 Henry told Frank that he had come to return him the book.
14 He asked if I was sure my mother would come
15 He asked whether I was a teacher or a student.
16 He told me to come again the next day.
17 He told me not to do that again.
18 He asked Where she was going .
19 she asked Who lived next door .
20 he asked What had happened.
21 he asked Where was the airp
22. they asked What we had got in our bag.
23 he asked Mary when the next train was.
24 she asked Tom Why he stopped the car.
25 he asked if there was anyone there.
26 he asked me if I knew Mrs Green.
27 the man asked whether he should wait for them or he should go on .
28 she asked whether she should lock the car or leave it unlocked.
29 he asked me if I would be here the next day.
30 she asked Bill if he would like to come in for a drink.
31 Mr Black asked Tom to give him a hand.
32 my wife asked me whther I would be back that night.
33 mother told us not to swim out too far
34 Jane asked the teacher to let her have a try.
35 the hostess told us to sit down.
36 his wife told him not to take any risks.
37 mother told her daughter not to forget to take her pills
38 the inspector the man to put down his gun.
39 the old man asked the girls to be quiet.
40 The teacher asked her to bring her textbook with her the next day.
41 I asked Wang Dong if there were any spelling mistakes in my exercises.
1．直接引语是陈述句时
间接引语为that引导的宾语从句（口语中that可以省略），主句的引述动词主要有say ,tell, repeat, explain, think等。
He said , "You are younger than I."-?He said (that ) I was younger than him.
2.直接引语是疑问句时
间接引语为陈述语序：主句的谓语动词say 改为ask,或改为wonder, do not know, want to know, be not sure, be puzzled等。
（1）一般疑问句或反意疑问句变为if (whether)引导的宾语从句。
She said, "Do you often come here to read newspapers?"
→She asked me if (或whether)I often went there to read newspapers.
She asked me , "You hav e seen the film, haven?t you?" →She asked me whether(或if )I had seen the film.
（2）选择疑问句变为whether….or 宾语从句。
I asked him, "Will you stay at home or go to a film tonight?"
→I asked him whether he would stay at home or go to a film that night.
(3)特殊疑问句变为由原来的疑问词引导的宾语从句。
He asked , "Where do you live?" →He asked me wh ere I lived.
3.直接引语是祈使句时
间接引语为不定式，作ask , tell, beg, order, warn, advise等动词的宾语补足语（don?t 变为not ）.
The teacher said to the boy, "Open the window."→The teacher told the boy to open the window.
His father said to him , "Don?t leave the door open."→His fathe r told him not to leave the door open.
[注意] （1）有些表示建议、提议、劝告或要求的祈使句，可以用suggest ,insist等动词加以转述。
He said, "Let?s go to the theatre."
→He suggested (our )going to the theatre.或He suggested that we(should) go to the theatre.
(2) "Would you mind opening the window?" he asked. →He asked me to open the window.
"Why don?t you take a walk after supper?" he asked . →he advised me to take a walk after supper.
"Shall we listen to the music?" he asked. →He suggested listening to the music.
4.直接引语是感叹句时
间接引语为what 或how 引导，也可以用that 引导。
She said, "What a lovely day it is !" →She said what a lovely day it was .或She said that i
记忆方法：
直接引语祈使句，变成间接引语的“顺口溜”是：去掉引号要加to；ask order须记住，直接引语是否定式，not加在to前部。
对于人称变化，要求学生们记住的“顺口溜”是：第一人称看主语，第二人称看宾语，宾语若是不存在，活用代词I, me, my
直接引语是特殊疑问句，变成间接引语的“顺口溜”是：直接去引号，陈述莫忘掉，小心助动词，丢它最重要。
直接引语为一般疑问句，变成间接引语的“顺口溜”是：去掉引号加if，陈述语序要记住，时态人称和状语，小心变化别马虎。
直接引语为陈述句，变成间接引语的“顺口溜”是：去掉引号加that，人称变化要灵活，时态向后退一步，状语变化按规定。
直接引语变间接引语[超级经典归纳]知识讲解
直接引语变间接引语[超级经典归纳]
直接引语变间接引语（宾语从句） 一．直接引语和间接引语的定义。 直接引语：直接引用别人的话叫直接引语， 间接引语：用自己的话转述别人的话叫间接引语。 直接引语前后加引号；间接引语不必加引号。 He said, “ I’m a student.” （直接引语）→ He said that he was a student. （间接引语） 主句从句主句从句 二．当直接引语为特殊疑问句变间接引语形成宾语从句时，首先要注意用特殊疑问词，其后用陈述语序的句子，同时注意人称、时态、时间状语，连接词，语序的变化. （一）人称的变化规则：一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新。 ★（二）．时态变化 宾语从句时态变化规则：主现从不限；主过从四过（即4种过去的时态：一般过去时；过去进行时；过去将来时；过去完成时）；客观真理，只用一般现在时。 1.主句一般现在时，从句可用任意时态。 2.主句过去时，从句用相应的过去时态。即一般现在时改成一般过去时；现在进行时改成过去进行时；一般将来时改成过去将来时；一般过去时、现在完成时、过去完成时改成过去完成时。
3.主句过去时，从句是客观真理时，只用一般现在时。 Teacher told us:" The moon moves round the earth." Teacher told us the moon moves round the earth. (三)．时间状语变化 ★(四)．连接词 1．从句为陈述句，常选择连接词that或将that省略，直接与主句相连。
2．从句为一般疑问句，常选择连接词if或whether。 3．从句为特殊疑问句，常选择what,when,where,which,who,how等的疑问代、副词作连接词。注意：当who为主语时，句式为：who+谓语+其他 注意： 1. 语序不变的有：What’ the matter with you? What’s wrong with you? 但What’s the trouble with you?的语序要变 1）从句中有or / or not 。例：she asks whether he stayed 。 2.只用 whether 2）与不定式to do 连用。例：I can’t decide whether to tell him the news 3) 在介词后。例：they are talking about whether they can afford the new house 用法是有区别的，但当if/whether同时出现在选项中的时候，我们要选whether ★3.宾语从句语序：陈语述序，即：连接词+主语+谓语+其它。
直接引语变间接引语常用的三种情况
直接引语变间接引语常用的三种情况 1、陈述句变成间接引语 （1）“I am a teacher" she said.? She said that she was a teacher.? “You don't tell her my telephone number" he said.? He said (that) I didn't tell her his telephone number.? 要注意时态的变化? 一般现在时变成一般过去时。? 一般过去时变成过去完成时，? 现在完成时变成过去完成时，一般将来时变成过去将来时，? this 变成that these变成those, here 变成there ,today 变成that day, yesterday 变成the day before, tomorrow 变成next day, the day after tomorrow变成in two days' time，now 变成then等等。? 2、将一般疑问句变成间接引语? 在这样的句子中要加“if" “是否”的意思。? （1)"Are you a student?"? She asked me if I was a student.她问我是否是一位学生。? 将原来的疑问句放在if 后面,但语顺变成肯定式的语顺。另外还可以用whether 来表示。? She asked me whether I was a student.?
(2) "Did you finish your work yesterday?"? He asked me if I have finished my work the day before.? 3.将特殊疑问句变成间接引语? "What time is it?"? He asked me what time it was.? "When will you go to town?"? He asked me when would I go to town.? 在这样的句子里除疑问词放在间接引语的前面外，后面也是陈述句的语序。? 注意，间接引语中的that 可以省略。? 一、如何变人称：? 下面有一句顺口溜“一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新”。“一随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化如：? She said. "My brother wants to go with me.”→She said her brother wanted to go with her.? “二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时，若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称。或被第二人你所修饰。从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语。也可以用第一人称，如：? He said to Kate. "How is your sister now?"→He asked
高中必修一直接引语变间接引语详解
直接引语变间接引语（宾语从句） 一．直接引语和间接引语的定义。 直接引语：直接引用别人的话叫直接引语， 间接引语：用自己的话转述别人的话叫间接引语。 直接引语前后加引号；间接引语不必加引号。 He said, “ I’m a student.” （直接引语）→He said that he was a student. （间接引语） 主句从句主句从句 二．当直接引语为特殊疑问句变间接引语形成宾语从句时，首先要注意用特殊疑问词， 其后用陈述语序的句子，同时注意人称、时态、时间状语，连接词，语序的变化. （一）人称的变化规则：一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新。
★（二）．时态变化 宾语从句时态变化规则：主现从不限；主过从四过（即4种过去的
时态：一般过去时；过去进行时；过去将来时；过去完成时）；客观真理，只用一般现在时。 1.主句一般现在时，从句可用任意时态。 2.主句过去时，从句用相应的过去时态。即一般现在时改成一般过去时；现在进行时改成过去进行时；一般将来时改成过去将来时；一般过去时、现在完成时、过去完成时改成过去完成时。 3.主句过去时，从句是客观真理时，只用一般现在时。 Teacher told us:" The moon moves round the earth." Teacher told us the moon moves round the earth.
(三)．时间状语变化
★(四)．连接词 1．从句为陈述句，常选择连接词that或将that省略，直接与主句相连。 2．从句为一般疑问句，常选择连接词if或whether。 3．从句为特殊疑问句，常选择what,when,where,which,who,how 等的疑问代、副词作连接词。 注意：当who为主语时，句式为：who+谓语+其他
间接引语变直接引语练习
句型变换：（直接引语、间接引语） 姓名： 一、把直接引语改写成间接引语。 1、郑洁悄悄地告诉小勇说：“这件事是我和小刚一起做的。” 2、志愿军战士深情地说：“老妈妈，难道我们会把您忘怀吗？” 3、王飞对李林说：”请你回去时给个信给我妈，说我今天稍微迟一些回家。” 4、王宁说：“我要像李永那样关心集体。” 5、老师对小明说：“我看了你的作文很满意。” 6、小军在电话中对我说：“下个月我一定到你那儿玩。” 7、他想了想说：“我们哪里有近道，还不是和你们一条道。” 8、贝多芬说：“不，我是来弹一首曲子给这位姑娘听的。” 9、爸爸对我说：“今晚我要开会，你和妈妈早点吃饭，别等我。” 10、周瑜长叹一声，说：“诸葛亮神机妙算，我真不如他。”
11、山姆握着珊迪的手说：“我会永远照顾你的。” 12、张林告诉我：“要是星期日下雨，我们就不去看电影。” 13、贝多芬说：“我是来弹一首曲子给这位姑娘听的。” 14、小红说：“今天下午学校组织到野外活动，我必须参加。” 15、王宁说：“我要像李宁那样关心集体。” 16、雨来摇摇头说：“我在屋里什么也没看见。” 17、李楠小声告诉我：“我家在少年宫附近。” 18、小姑娘说：“我要去北京，我要去看看北京的名胜古迹。” 19、老师对王芳说：“学校让你明天出席小学生座谈会。” 20、妈妈对我说：“你今天晚上不能看电视。” 21、爸爸说：“今天晚上你和妈妈先吃饭，我有事。”
22、一个同学对我说：“借我一只笔。” 23、我看祖父还在笑，就说：“你不信，我到屋里拿来给你看。” 25、爸爸感冒了，他说：“明天我要去医院看病。” 26、他说：“我明天去电影院看电影。” 27、姐姐对我说：“你说得对，我就这样做。” 28、张童对我说：“我一定要坚持长跑锻炼。” 29、雷锋对大嫂说：“我送你一程吧！” 30、老师解释说：“梦里飞行，说明你们是在长身体呀。”
直接引语变间接引语口诀
直接引语变间接引语口诀 在初中英语中直接引语变为间接引语对于学生们来说也是一个难点，因为需要变化的内容很多，这儿有一个关于直接引语变间接引语的口诀，帮助大家来记忆。 直接引语变间接引语口诀： 直引若是一般问，变间if\whether连。语序变为陈述式，时态人称相应变。 直引若是特殊问，疑问词连接记心间。其余问题挺简单，一切只当一般问。 直引若是祈使句，谓语动词挺要紧。 told\asked\ordered,根据口气来选定。 告诉人、请人、命令人，后跟to do sth.。若是否定祈使句, not to do后边行。 直接引语变间接引语的人称变化: 一主二宾三不变. 直接引语的第一人称取决于主句的主语,第二人称取决于主句的宾语,第三人称一般不变。 附直接引语变间接引语的详细介绍： 直接引语就是直接引用别人的话，并把它放在引号内；间接引语就是用自己的话转述别人的话，不加引号。直接引语变成间接引语时，间接引语通常以宾语从句的形式出现。直接引语变成间接引语时还要注意人称的变化、时态的变化、指示代词的变化、时间状语的变化及地点状语的变化。 1. 直接引语是陈述句变为间接引语的方法 如果直接引语是陈述句，在变为间接引语时，由连词that引导（在口语中that常省略）。主句中如果有say to somebody （对某人说），通常变为tell somebody （告诉某人）。 He said, “I get on well with people here.” →He said that he got on well with people there. Susan said, “We can finish the work tomorrow.”
直接引语改为间接引语的变化
直接引语改为间接引语的变化 1.人称的变化。其规律为：一从主，二从宾，三不变。具体为： （1）如果直接引语的主语是第一人称，变化时，该人称与主句的主语保持一致。 如：Mary said, “I want to forget the past.”→ Mary said (that)she wanted to forget the past. （2）如果直接引语的主语是第二人称，变化时，该人称与主句的宾语保持一致。 如：He said to me,“Do you want to ask about the lab?” → He asked me if I wanted to ask about the lab. （3）如果直接引语的主语是第三人称，变化时，该人称保持不变。 如：Jim said ,“They are going to do their homework..”→ Jim said (that) they were going to do their homework. 2.时态的变化。 （1）如果主句是一般现在时，宾语从句原有时态保持不变。 如：Mary says,“I we nt to see the movie yesterday.” →Mary says that she went to see the movie yesterday.” （2）如果主句是一般过去时，宾语从句的时态会有以下变化(科学事实、自然规律除外)。 a.一般现在时→一般过去时 b.一般将来时→过去将来时 c.现在进行时→过去进行时 d.一般过去时→过去完成时 e.现在完成时→过去完成时。也就是说要落后一个时态。 3.直接引语变间接引语时，指示代词、时间状语、地点状语及动词都会发生相应的变化，变 4.各种句型的直接引语改为间接引语的方法。 （1）.陈述句改为间接引语时，常用动词said, told，连词that,多被省略。 如：Ben said, “I won’t go to Marcia’s house on Friday night.”→ Ben said (that)he wouldn’t go to Marcia’s house on Friday night. Lana said to me,“I’m not mad at you anymore.” → Lana told me(that)she wasn’t mad at me anymore. （2）.一般疑问句常用if或whether来将其改为间接引语（选择疑问句只能用whether），常用ask来引述，可以加间接宾语。语序为陈述语序。 如：She said,“Could I copy your homework?” → She asked (me)if/whether she could copy my homework. She said,“Is this book yours or hers?” →
直接引语变间接引语的用法
2014望子成龙学校暑假班八年级英语讲义 直接引语变间接引语的用法 She said. "My brother wants to go with me."(直接引语，即直接用“”把说话者所说的话引用) She said her brother wanted to go with her.（间接引语，即通过说话人与听话人之外的人称也就是第三人称转述成一个宾语从句） 一、如何变人称:下面有一句顺口溜“一随主、二随宾、第三人称不更新”。 He said to me . "My brother wants to go with me."（He said .为主句，he 为主句的主语;me 为主句的宾语，"My brother wants to go with me."为直接引语，将要变成间接引语即宾语从句） “一随主”是指在直接引语中有第一人称的人称代词、物主代词或反身代词时，变成间接引语要变成与主句中主语的人称相应的代词。如： He said. "My brother wants to go with me ." →He said his brother wanted to go with him. 说明：①my 是直接引语中的一人称单数的形容词性物主代词，所以变成间接引语要变成与主句he said 中的主语he 相一致的形容词性物主代词，即his;②me 是直接引语中的一人称单数的人称代词宾格，所以变成间接引语时要变成与主句he said 中的主语he 一致的人称代词宾格,即him “二随宾”是指直接引语中有第二人称的人称代词、物主代词或反身代词时，变成间接引语要变成与主句中宾语的人称相应的代词。如： He says to Kate. "I am your sister ?" →He tells Kate he is her sister 。 说明：①I 是直接引语中的一人称单数的人称代词主格，所以变成间接引语时要变成与主句he says to Kate 中的主语he 相一致的人称代词主格，即he;②your 是直接引语中的二人称单数的形容词性物主代词，所以变成间接引语时要变成与主句he says to Kate 中宾语Kate 一致的形容词性物主代词，即her. “第三人称不更新”是指直接引语中的三人称的代词变成间接引语时不需要改变人称。如： Mr. Smith said: "Jack is a good worker 。"→Mr. Smith said Jack was a good worker 。（Jack 是三人称，变成间接引语时依然是Jack 。） 二、如何变时态： 1、当主句为一般现在时，直接引语变成间接引语的时态不变，依然用直接引语的时态。如： Lily says to us,"I will go to America with you "→Lily tells us that she will go to America with us. 2、当主句为一般过去时，直接引语变成间接引语的时态要做相应的调整，用成相应的过去时态。如： 1) She said. "I have lost a pen." →She said she had lost a pen. 2) She said. "We hope so." →She said they hoped so.
直接引语和间接引语用法及练习(含答案)
直接引语和间接引语用法及练习(含答案)
直接引语和间接引语 直接引语变为间接引语时，人称代词要根据转述人的立场作相应变动。 人称代词的变动情况要根据语境及转述人的不同作相应变化，一般情况下，与汉语中的变化相同。可记住一个口诀：“一主、二宾、三不变”。即第一人称按照主句中的主语变化，第二人称按照主句中的宾语变化，第三人称一般不需要变化。 例 如： 1) He said, “I am glad to see you.”→He said that he was glad to see me. 2) “Do you know the man over there?” M ary said to Tom. →Mary asked Tom if he knew the man ov er there. 3) Jim said to me, “Jane left her school bag at home.” →Jim told me that Jane had left her sc hoolbag at home.
2、时态的变化 （1）主句的谓语动词是一般过去时 直接引语间接引语 一般现在时一般过去时 现在进行时过去进行时 现在完成时过去完成时 一般过去时过去完成时 过去完成时过去完成时(不变) 一般将来时过去将来时 一般将来进行时过去将来进行时 一般将来完成时过去将来完成时 如主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，直接引语变间接引语时，从句的谓语动词在时态方面要作相应的变化。直接引语改为间接引语时,动词时态相应变化表： He said, “I usually watch TV on Sunday.”他说：“我常在星期天看电视”。 →He said that he usually watched TV on Sunday.他说他常在星期天看电视。 He said, “I'm using the knife.”他说：“我正在用小刀。”
直接引语变间接引语练习题(整理)
直接引语变间接引语练习题 A.直接引语是陈述句，变成间接引语时，由连词that 引导。that在口语中可省略例如： She said, "I am very happy to help you."→She said that she was very happy to help you. The teacher said to us, “ The earth goes around the sun.”The teacher told us the earth goes around the sun . 1. She said , “I’m going to the market.”She said . 2. Lily and Lucy said, “ We’re preparing for our exam these days.” Lily and Lucy said ____________ . 3.Amy said , “ I usually go to school by bike.” Amy said _______ ________ usually ________ to school by bike. 4. “This new desk is mine,” Sally said. Sally said . 5. Billy said , “ I’m reading my storybook.”Billy said . 6. Jack says, “ My flight leaves at 9:00 this morning.”Jack says flight _________ at 9:00 this morning. 7．The teacher said, “The earth goes round the sun.”The teacher said. 8．My father said, “Practice makes perfect.”My father said . 9. Lily said to me , “ I was born in a small village.”Lily me . 10. John says , “ I like playing football very much.”John says . B. 直接引语是一般疑问句，变成间接引语时，由连词whether或if 引导。例如： He asked me, "Do you like playing football?"→He asked me if/whether I liked playing football. 注意：大多数情况下，if和whether 可以互换，但后有or not,或在动词不定式前， 或放在介词后作连接词时，一般只用whether。例如： She asked me whether he could do it or not. He hesitated(犹豫) about whether to drive or take the train. 1. He said, “ Are you from Beijing?” He asked . 2. The girl asked , “ Can you mend the computer for me ?” The girl asked . 3.“ Are you interested in this ?” he said. He ______ ______ I ______ interested in _______. 4. Yesterday my teacher asked me,“ Do you find it difficult to learn English? Yesterday my teacher aske me . 5. The girl asked, “ Can you mend the computer for me ?” The girl asked . 6.“ Will you go to the concert with me this evening ?” Mary asked me. Mary asked me . 7.. “ Do you like drawing?” Lucy asks me .Lucy asks me . 8.. “ Is she singing ?” I asked. I asked . C. 直接引语是特殊疑问句，变成间接引语时，由相应的疑问词who, whom, whose, how, when, why, where 等引导。eg, My sister asked me, "How do you like the film?"→My sister asked me how I liked the film. 1．“Where does your chemistry teacher live, Karen?” the young man asked. The young man asked . 2．The tea cher asked, “How do you repair it?”The teacher asked . 3. “What are you doing here ?” the old man asked my brother. The old man asked my brother . 4.“ Where does she live?” the old man asked. The old man asked _______________________________ 5.“ Where do you come from ?” Li Ming asked me . Li Ming asked me . 6.“ What is the matter with you , Sally？”asked the teacher. The teacher asked Sally _____________________ . 7.“ What are you doing now?” Tony asks me . Tony asks me __________ . 8. “ Why are you late again?” The teacher asked Tom . The teacher asked Tom _________ . 9.“ Where will you go ?” Daming asked me . Daming asked me _ . D. 直接引语是祈使句，变成间接引语时，把动词原形变成动词不定式，并在动词不定前加tell, ask, order 等的宾语。例如： The captain ordered(命令), "Be quiet."→The captain ordered us to be quiet. 注意：此种情况的否定句，在动词不定式前加not。 My teacher asked me, "Don't laugh."→My teacher asked me not to laugh. 1. The mother said, “Tom, get up early, please.”The mother . 2. The teacher said to the students, “Don’t waste your time.”The teacher __ .
直接引语变间接引语规则
直接引语变间接引语规则 (一)时态的变化：主句中的谓语动词如果是过去时态，直接引语中的谓语动词的时态须做下列变化: 一般现在时变为一般过去时 (但直接引语是客观事实、永恒真理，变成间接引语时，时态不变。 例如：They told their son :”The earth goes round the sun.” They told their son that the earth goes round the sun.。 (二)人称的变化：要根据句子 意思改变人称，如:I--he,she; we--they等等。 “一随主。二随宾，第三人称不更新”。 “一随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化如：She said. "My brother wants to go with me. "→She said her brother wanted to go with her. “二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时，若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称。或被第二人你所修饰。从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语。也可以用第一人称，如： He said to Kate. "How is your sister now?"→He asked Kate how her sister was then。 “第三人称不更新”是指直接引语变间接引语时。如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰从句中的人称一般不需要变化如： Mr Smith said。 "Jack is a good worker。"→Mr Smith said Jack was a good worke (三)指示代词、时间状语、地点状语的变化，动词变化： this--that; these--those; now--then; yesterday--the day before; today--that day; tomorrow--the next day; next week(month, year)--the next week(month,year); ago--before; here—there; brig—take; come--go.
直接引语变间接引语专项练习题(答案)
直接引语变间接引语专项练习题 一、将所给直接引语变为间接引语，每空一词： 1. “I am having supper,” he said. He said that _______ _______ having supper. 2. “I’ve seen the film,” Gina said to me. Gina _______ me that she _______ _______ the film. 3. “I went home with my sister,” she said. She said that _______ _______ _______ home with her sister. 4. The teacher said, “The sun is bigger than the moon.” The teacher said that the sun _______ bigger than the moon. 5. “I met her yesterday,” he said to me. He told me that he _______ met her the day _______. 6. “You must come here before five,” he said. He said that I _______ to go _______ before five. 7. “I bought the computer two weeks ago,” she said. She said that she _______ bought the computer two weeks _______. 8. “Did you read the book last week?” he said. He _______ _______ I had read the book the week _______. 9. He said, “You can sit here, Jim.” He _______ Jim that he _______ sit there 10. He asked, “How did you find it, mother?” He asked her mother _______ _______ _______ found it. 11. “Where have you been these days?” he a sked. He asked me _______ _______ _______ been _______ days. 12 “Do you know where she lives?” he asked. He asked _______ _______ knew where she _______. 13. “Keep quiet, children.” he said. He _______ the children _______ _______ quiet. 14. “Don’t look out of the window,” she said. She told me _______ _______ _______ out of the window. 15. “Are you interested in this?” he said. He _______ _______ I was interested in _______.
直接引语变间接引语口诀详解(附练习)
直接引语变间接引语 口诀 人称，时态，状语始终变 一主二宾三不变 时态向后退一格 状语变化见表格 陈述that 可省略 一般疑问用if(whether) 特殊疑问去助动 以上语序为陈述 祈使句选动词（tell,ask,order，beg） 将它改为不定式 详解 人称变化 一主She said. "My brother wants to go with me tomorrw. "→ She said her brother wanted to go with her the next day. 二宾Jack said to me,“You look worried today.” Jack told me that I looked worried that day. 三不变The teacher asked,”Has she read enough this week?” The teacher asked if she had read enough that week. 陈述that 可省略 She said. "I have a pen."→She said that she had a pen. She asked me , “ what is it?” →She asked me what it was. 一般疑问用if(whether) She asked me , “Do you like watching TV? ” → She asked me whether I liked w watching TV. 特殊疑问去助动 They asked: “ where do you come from?”→ They asked where you came from. 附表： 时间状语、地点状语、指示代词和动词的变化：
直接引语变成间接引语练习
直接引语变成间接引语练习 直接引语：直接引用别人的原话，一般要加引号。间接引语：用自己的话应用别人的话，不用引号。间接引语的三要素：1）引导词2）语序3）时态（及人称的变化） 间接引语:四种情况 主句----------从句(语序):主+谓+宾+... 1陈述句(句号) ----that(可省略) 2一般疑问句(问号) ---- if/whether(…or not) 引导词3特殊疑问句(问号)---特殊疑问词(what/how开头) 紧记:特殊疑问词+ to do sth. 4祈使句/请求----ask/tell sb.(not)to do sth. 时态：主句:一般现在时从句:任何时态 主句:一般过去时从句:过去的某种时态 主句: 真理(无论什么时态) 从句:一般现在时 Exercise one ( )1) I asked him how much__________. A does his new car cost B)did his new car costC) his new car costed D)his new car cost ( )2)Do you know ____________. A what he’s looking for B)what is he looking for C) what does he look for D)his is looking for ( )3)I’m not sure __________. A what is his name. B)what his name is. C) his name is what D)what’s his name ( )4)I d on’t know _________. A where does he live B)where did he live C) where he lives D)he lives where ( )5)I didn’t know______________. A what she said B)what did she sayC) what she spoke D)what was she speaking ( )6)I don’t know__________. A when he will come back B)when will he come back C)when does he come back D)when did he come back ( )7)Could you tell me where ________ now? A)you are living B) do you live C)you live D)did you live ( )8)He didn’t know _____he should go or not. A)if B) weather C)that D)whether Exercise two 陈述句 1)She says,”I am a teacher.”She says 2)She said,”I am a teacher.”She said 一般疑问句 1)“Are you from Japan?”he says to me. He ( ) me 2)“Are you from Japan?”he said to me. He ( ) me 特殊疑问句 3)“When does the train arrive?” Please tell me. Please tell me 4)“When does the train arrive?” Please told me. Please told me 祈使句/请求 1)“Don’t make any noise.”Mother says to Tom.Mother ( ) Tom 2)“open the window.” Mr Li said to me. Mr Li ( ) me 3)“Would you like to show me your book?” Kate says to me. Kate ( ) me
间接引语变直接引语的改法以及练习。精编版.doc
直接引语与间接引语相互转换的方法指导及练习题 方育龙 方法： “直接引语变间接引语”这种题型在小学中、高年级语文试卷中常常出现，有一 定的难度，很多学生容易出错。其实，直接引语是直接引用别人的话，而间接引语则是转达别人说的话。“直接引语变间接引语”就是要求把别人说的原话进行转述。答题时，只要注意以下几个方面，便不会出问题了。 一、只改变引语部分，提示语不变； 例如：妈妈说：“我今天加班。” 需要改变的只是：“我今天加班。” 这一部分。 二、标点符号要作相应改变，即把冒号、前引号（：“）变成逗号（，），后引号（”）删除； 三、引语中，人称要变成相应的指代者：说话人即第一人称“我” 、“我们”要改为第三人称“他”、“她”或“他们”； 例如：妈妈说：“我今天加班。”其中“ 我”指代的是妈妈。所以，要变 成“ 她”。改后为：妈妈说，她今天加班。 当转述内容涉及其他人称时也要发生相应变化。 如：姐姐对我说：“ 你说得对，我就这样做。” 改：姐姐告诉我，我说得对，她就这样做。 上面的例句中涉及了第二人称，在改为转述句时就应改为第一人称。 四、有称呼语的，称呼语要去掉； 例如：老红军说：“小鬼，你骑上我的马吧！”其中，“小鬼”要删除。变后为：老红军说，小鬼骑上他的马吧！ 五、引语是疑问句的，要变成陈述的语气。 例如：明明问我：“今天放学后，到我家写作业，行吗？”变后为：明明问我，今天放学后，到他家写作业，行不行。 六、间接引语改为直接引语的方法正好相反，上面的五点都适用，如第三人称 “他”或“她”应改为第一人称“我”，说话内容涉及第一人称应改为第二人 称。 如： 1.小华对小强说，他明天把钢笔还给小强。 小华对小强说：“我明天把钢笔还给你。”
语法大全：直接引语变间接引语用法(经典版)
直接引语变间接引语的用法 一、如何变人称; 下面有一句顺口溜“一随主。二随宾，第三人称不更新”。“一随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化如： She said. "My brother wants to go with me." →She said her brother wanted to go with her. “二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时，若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称。或被第二人你所修饰。从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语。也可以用第一人称，如： He said to Kate. "How is your sister now?" →He asked Kate how her sister was then。 “第三人称不更新”是指直接引语变间接引语时。如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰从句中的人称一般不需要变化如： Mr. Smith said: "Jack is a good worker。"→Mr. Smith said Jack was a good work er。 二、如何变时态： 直接引语在改为间接引语时、时态需要做相应的调整。 现在时它需改为过去时态；过去时态改为完成时；过去完成时则保留原来的时态。如： 1) She said. "I have lost a pen." →She said she had lost a pen. 2) She said. "We hope so." →She said they hoped so. 3) She said. "He will go to see his friend。"→She said he would go to see his friend。 但要注意在以下几种情况下。在直接引语变为间接引语时，时态一般不变化。 ①直接引语是客观真理。 "The earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth, the teacher told me. → The teacher told me the earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth。 ②直接引语是过去进行时，时态不变。如： Jack said. “John, where were you going when I met you in the street?” →Jack asked John where he was going when he met him in the street。 ③直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语，变为间接引语时，时态不变。如： Xiao Wang said. "I was born on April 20, 1980。" →Xiao Wang said he was born on April 20, 1980。 ④直接引语如果是一般现在时。表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作，变间接引语，时态不变。如： He said, "I get up at six every morning。" →He said he gets up at six every morning。 ⑤如果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去时的形式（例：ought to，had better, used to)和已经是过去时的形式时，（例：could, should, would, might）不再变。如：Peter said. "You had better come have today。" →Peter said I had better go there that day。 三、如何变状语：