铁电负电容晶体管的研究进展

2019,Vol.33,No.2

www.mater-rep.com

yhzhai@uestc.edu.cnDOI:10.11896/cldb.201903009 基金项目:电子元器件可靠性物理及其应用技术重点实验室开放基金(ZHD201601);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(ZYGX2016J047) ThisworkwasfinanciallysupportedbytheOpeningProjectTechnologyonReliabilityPhysicsandApplicationTechnologyofElectronicComponentLaboratory(ZHD201601),andFundamentalResearchFundsfortheCentralUniversitiesofMinistryofEducationofChina(ZYGX2016J047).铁电负电容晶体管的研究进展

谭 欣,

翟亚红

电子科技大学微电子与固体电子学院,成都610054

铁电负电容晶体管的亚阈值斜率可低于60mV/dec的理论极限,是未来突破晶体管工作电压VDD和器件尺寸进一步减小瓶颈的关键三自2008年低功耗负电容晶体管的概念被提出以来,该晶体管因简单的器件结构和优异的电路性能而一直受到业界学者的广泛关注三然而,这种基于具有负电容特性铁电材料的晶体管的缺点也日渐凸显,特别是负电容的不稳定性对该晶体管的应用造成严重阻碍三相比传统晶体管,负电容晶体管应用于低功耗电路具有两大优势:(1)亚阈值斜率可低于60mV/dec,降低电路工作电压的同时开关电流比不会下降,静态泄露电流不增加;(2)器件尺寸更小,减小电路面积三

然而,负电容晶体管由于铁电材料的滞回特性,在开关电路中具有严重的滞回现象,导致电路逻辑紊乱,无法正常工作三不仅如此,负电容成因的复杂性也使其建模非常困难三因此,近十年来除研究铁电材料种类和参数对器件性能的影响外,研究者们还整理出了决定滞回现象的关键因素,并提出了有效抑制滞回现象的方法三目前,通过调整铁电负电容和晶体管电容的比例,滞回窗口已经可以减小到近乎为零三而与实验图形较吻合的负电容数学模型直到2017年才出现,但模型中的数据还没有科学的测定方法,目前还处于发展完善阶段,仍需要大量的研究和探索三

负电容晶体管制备过程简单,工艺和标准CMOS工艺兼容,基底MOSFET制作完成后,将具有负电容特性的铁电材料沉积在栅上形成叠栅三负电容晶体管制作的难点在于稳固铁电和氧化物界面二减少缺陷空位三目前,国内外已出现流片成功的负电容晶体管,成品测试的最小亚阈值斜率可达16mV/dec,但滞回现象出现的概率非常大,并且在提高器件的疲劳性和稳定可靠性方面还需要投入更多的研究三使用频率较高的负电容材料有PbZrTiO3(PZT)二SrBi2Ta2O9(SBT)二P(VDF-TrFE)二铪基氧化物等,其中铪基氧化物因环保二体积小二性能优异被认为是可投入实际生产的铁电负电容材料三

本文探讨了铁电负电容晶体管的工作原理,分析了负电容特性的物理机理和实验测试方法,给出国际上各研究机构在负电容晶体管(NCFET)方面的研究进展情况,最后分析了未来NCFET在器件结构二材料及可靠性方面的发展问题三

关键词 铁电 负电容 负电容晶体管(NCFET) 低功耗

中图分类号:TN303 文献标识码:A

A State-of-the-artReviewonFerroelectric NegativeCapacitanceTransistor

TANXin,ZHAI

YahongSchoolofMicro-ElectronicsandSolid-StateElectronics,UniversityofElectronicScienceandTechnologyofChina,Chengdu610054I

tispossibleforferroelectricnegativecapacitancetransistortomakethesub-thresholdswinglowerthanthetheoretical limitof60mV/dec,whichisthekeytobreakthroughthebottleneckofreducingworkingvoltageVDDanddevicesizeinthefuture.Sincetheconceptoflowpowerconsumptionnegativecapacitancetransistorwasproposedin2008,thiskindoftransistorhasbeenattractingnumerousattentionfromresearchersthankstoitssimpledevicestructureandexcellentcircuitperformance.Nevertheless,theweaknessofthetransistorthatbasedonferroelectricma-terialswithnegativecapacitancecharacteristicsarebecomingincreasinglyprominent,particularly,theinstabilityofnegativecapacitance.Itmustbeaseriousblockfortheapplicationofthetransistor.Comparedwithconventional transistors,negativecapacitancetransistorsexhibittwogreatadvantageswhenappliedtolow-powercircuits.First,thesub-thresholdslopecanbelowerthan60mV/dec,andtherewill benodeclineinswitc-hingcurrentratioandnoincreaseinstaticleakagecurrentwhilethecircuitoperatingvoltageisreduced.Second,thedevicesizecanbesmallerwhichcontributetothereductionofcircuitarea. However,duetothehysteresischaracteristicofferroelectricmaterials,thenegativecapacitancetransistorshowserioushysteresisinswitchingcircuit,leadingtothedisorderoflogiccircuitandabnormal workingsituation.Besides,thecomplexityofthecauseofnegativecapacitancemakesitquitedifficulttobemodeled.Hence,inrecent10years,inadditiontostudyingtheeffectsofferroelectricmaterial anditsparametersondeviceperformance,theresearchershavealsoputgreateffortsinsortingoutthekeyfactorsthatdominatethehysteresisphenomenon,andproposedseveral effectivemethodstosuppresshysteresisphenomenon.Atpresent,hysteresiswindowcanapproachtozerothroughadjustingthepropor-tionofnegativecapacitanceandtransistorcapacitance.Themathematical model ofnegativecapacitance,whichwasingoodagreementwiththeexperimental results,didnotappearuntil 2017.Whereas,thereisnoscientificmeasuringmethodfortheparametersinthemodel,andfurtherre-searchesandexplorationsarestill needed. Thefabricationprocessofnegativecapacitancetransistorissimple,andcompatiblewithstandardCMOSprocess.Afterthecompletionofbase-lineMOSFET,ferroelectricmaterial withnegativecapacitancecharacteristicsaredepositedonthetopofthegatetoformacascadegate.Thedif-ficultyofpreparingnegativecapacitortransistorsliesinstabilizingtheinterfacebetweenferroelectricandoxideandreducingthedefectsandva-cancies.Currently,negativecapacitancetransistors,whoseminimumsubthresholdslopeofthefinal productcanreachaslowas16mV/dec,havebeensuccessful fabricatedinlaboratorybothathomeandabroad.However,itsuffersfromextremelyhighoccurenceprobabilityofhystere-sis,andmoreresearchisneededtoimprovethefatigueability,stabilityandreliabilityofthedevices.FerroelectricmaterialsthatarecommonlyusedinnegativecapacitancetransistorincludePbZrTiO3(PZT),SrBi2Ta2O9(SBT),P(VDF-TrFE),hafnium-basedoxides.Amongthem,haf-nium-basedoxidesarerecognizedassuitablematerialsforpractical productionandapplicationbecauseoftheirenvironmental friendliness,small size,andexcellentperformance. Inthisarticle,theworkingprincipleofferroelectricnegativecapacitancetransistorisdiscussed,thephysical mechanismandexperimental testmethodofnegativecapacitancecharacteristicsareanalyzed,thelatestprogressinnegativecapacitancetransistor(NCFET)madebyworldwideinstitutionsisintroduced.Finally,thefuturedevelopmentdirectionofNCFETindevicestructure,material selectionanddevicereliabilityispro-posed.

Keywords ferroelectric,negativecapacitance,negativecapacitancetransistor(NCFET),lowpowerdissipation

334万方数据

相关文档
最新文档