定语从句、强调句和同位语从句
定语从句、同位语从句与强调句
一、定语从句
1、定语从句在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which；关系副词有：when, where, why。
2、非限制性定语从句的“四个不能”：
（1）非限制性定语从句通常不能用that引导。
（2）非限制性定语从句不能用why引导，要用for which 代替。
例：I had told them the reason, for which I didn’t attend the meeting.
（3）由―介词+关系代词‖时，关系代词不能用as。
（4）指人的关系代词作宾语时用whom，不能省略。
3、在定语从句中，当先行词指物时，下列情况的关系词宜用that而不用which
（1）先行词被①形容词最高级②序数词③数词几种词修饰或被④only、any、few、little、no、all、one of等修饰时。
（2）先行词为all、much、little、none、few、one、something、anything等不定代词时。（3）先行词中既有人又有物时。
例：He was looking pleasantly at te children and parcels that filled his bus.
（4）先行词在主句中作表语关系词在从句中作表语时。
例：The village is no longer the one that was 5 years ago.
（5）当主句中含有疑问词which时。
例：Which are the books that you bought for me ?
4、几个特殊的定语从句句型：
（1）He is the only one of the students who has got very good marks in the match.
（句中one为先行词）
He is one of the students who have got good marks in the match.
（句中students为先行词）
（2）Is this place the one (that) we visited yesterday?
Is this the place(that / which)we visited yesterday ?
（3）He stood at the window, from where he could see what was happening.
（4）It may rain, in which case the match will be put off.
5、定语从句的做题方法：
（1）找出主句，确定先行词；
（2）找出从句，判断从句是否完整(是否符合简单句的基本构成)——否，用关系代词；
是，用关系副词。
二、同位语从句
1、同位语从句就是在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句。
同位语从句对于名词进一步解释，说明名词的具体内容，一般由that引导.
例：The king’s decision that the prisoner would be set free surprised all the people.
2、同位语从句有时可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后面，而是被别的词隔开。
例：He got the news from Mary that the sports meeting was put off.
三、强调句
1、强调句型的基本结构：It is/was + 被强调部分(主语、宾语、宾语补足语或状语等) + that/who +句子的其余部分。
例：It was yesterday that Mary met an old beggar in the street. (强调时间状语)
2、强调句中含有not until的句子
在强调not until句型时，not 位于until从句前，主句谓语动词作相应变化，即
it is (was) +not until从句+that +其它。
例：It was not until he had finished the work that he went home.
四、同位语从句与定语从句的区别
1、定语从句中的that既代替先行词，同时以在从句中作某个成分（主语或宾语），而同位语从句中的that是连词，只起连接主句与从句的作用，不充当句中任何成分。
2、定语从句是形容词性的，其功能是修饰先行词，对先行词加以限定，描述定的性质或特征；同位语从句是名词性的，其功能是对名词进行补充说明。
例：（1）The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year.（第一个that引导的从句是定语从句，that在从句中作宾语）
（2）The news that Tom would go abroad is told by him.（同位语从句，that在句中不作任何成分）
注意：当主句的谓语部分过短时，同位语从句放在谓语动词的后面，以免头重脚轻，句子不平衡。
例：Word came that our team had won the game.
五、定语从句与强调句的区别
1、定语从句中关系词作从句成分，复合句。
2、强调it无意义，that / who不是引导词。
3、强调it is / was和that / who后如果句子意思讲得通则是强调句，讲不通则不是。例：It is the museum that / which we visited last year.(定语从句)
It was in the hotel that we stayed last night.（强调句）
练习：
1、1．He talked happily about the men and books interested him greatly in the school．
A．which B．who C．it D．that
2．His uncle works in a factory bicycles are made．
A．that B．which C．where D．there
3．There is no dictionary you can find everything．
A．that B．which C．where D．in that
4．Next month, you’ll spend in your hometown is coming．
A．which B．that C．when D．where
5. It was on 12 May,2008______the earthquake of Wenchuan county,Sichuan provimce happened.
A.since
B.which
C.that
D.when.
6．Next month, you’ll be in your hometown is coming．
A．which B．that C．when D．where
7．He wanted to know the time he needed to know ．
A．that B．when C．where D．what
8．There isn’t so much noise in the country in big cities．
A．that B．which C．where D．as
9．They could only read such stories had been rewritten in simple English ．A．that B．which C．as D．what
10. Information has been put forward ____ more middle school graduates will be admitted into
universities.
A. while
B. that
C. when
D. as
11．Crusoe’s dog became ill and died , made him very lonely ．
A．as B．which C．that D．this
12. It was not until midnight __ they reached the camp site.
A .that B. when C. while D. as
13. There’s a feeling in me ___ we’ll never know what a UFO is – not ever.
A. that
B. which
C. of which
D. what
14．has been said above ,grammar is a set of dead rules．
A．Which B．What
C．That D．As
15. It is said that more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities，which is the
information ____ has been put forward.
A. what
B. that
C. when
D. as
16．Do you know the man ?
A．whom I spoke B．to who I spoke
C．I spoke to D．that I spoke
17. It is not who is right but what is right ______ is of importance.
A. which
B. it
C. that
D. this
18. He’s got himself into a dangerous situation __ he was likely to lose control over the plane.
A. where
B. which
C. what
D. why
19. when was it you called me yesterday?
A. until
B. that
C. then
D. so
20．The knife we used to cut the bread is very sharp ．
A．with which B．with it C．with that D．Which
21、Care of the soul is a gradual process ____ even the small details of life should be considered.
A. what
B. in what
C. which
D. in which
22、I wish to thank Professor Smith, without ____ help I would never have got this far.
A. who
B. whose
C. whom
D. which
23、By 16:30, ____ was almost closing time, nearly all the paintings had been sold.
A. which
B. when
C. what
D. that
24、Modern science has given clear evidence ______ smoking can lead to many diseases.
A. what
B. which
C. that
D. where
25、It was the training _____ he had as a young man _____ made him such a good engineer.
A. what; that
B. that; what
C. that; which
D. which; that
1-5 D C C A C 6-10: C A D A B 11-15: B A A D B 16-20: C C A B A
21-25 DBAC A
(完整版)同位语从句和定语从句练习
同位语从句讲解与练习 1定义：用作同位语的从句叫做同位语从句，用以解释说明某一名词内容和实质的从句。 2.连接词：that, whether, why, who, where, how, when等。引导同位语从句时一般都不省略。if一般不引导同位语从句that, whether不作成分，whether表示“是否” E.g. They were all very much worried over the fact that you were sick.对你生病这件事，他们很焦虑。 Where did you get the idea that I could not come?你在哪儿听说我不能来？ I have no idea whether he’ll come or not.我不知道他是否来。 连接代词who, which, what和连接副词where,when, why, how亦可引导同位语从句，在句中作成分。 E.g. The question who should do the work requires consideration.谁该干这项工作，这个问题需要考虑。 We haven’t yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation.到哪儿去度暑假，这个问题我们还没有决定。 It is a question how he did it.那是一个他如何做了此事的问题。 3.可跟同位语从句的名词或短语 不是所有的名词都可以跟同位语从句，常可以被同位语从句修饰的名词有： belief doubt explanation hope idea news opinion possibility statement thought wish truth fact question promise problem reply report suggestion advice fear warning understanding feeling rumor certainty probability on condition on the understanding with the exception in spite of the fact E.g. Daniel will be allowed to make a trip to China on condition that he gets an A in all his school subjects. 4同位语从句与定语从句的区别 1）that引导的同位语从句与定语从句之区别 句法功能上 that引导的同位语从句that只起连接从句的作用，无意义。在从句中不充当句子成分。不可省。 that引导的定语从句that替代先行词在从句中不仅起连接作用，还充当一个句子成分。如在从句中作动词的宾语时可省略。 意义上 同位语从句是被修饰名词的内容。定语从句起限定作用，是定语。 如： The news that Mr. Li will be our new English teacher is true. (同位语从句，that不可省) 李先生将是我们的新英语老师这个消息是真的。 The news (that) he told me yesterday is true. (定语从句，that在从句中作的宾语，可省)他昨天告诉我的消息是真的。 2）wh-类词引导的两种从句的区别 who, whom, whose, when, where, why 引导定语从句，它们分别指前面先行词所表示的人、物、时间、地点、原因，否则为同位语从句。在同位语从句中，wh-类词表示疑问。
名词性从句强调句与定语从句综合练习
名词性从句、强调句与定语从句综合练习 1. What a pity ______ is ______ you didn’t come to the party. A. there; because B. it; that C. he; when D. that; for 2. －I believe ______ you’ve tried your best and ______ you can come to the top of the class. －Thank you. A. what; / B. / ; / C. what; that D. /; that 3. Please give the note to ______ is in the classroom. A. who B. whom C. whoever D. whomever 4.Was it yesterday ______ you received the letter from her? A.when B.which C.on which D.that 5. The question Mike asked was ______ the sports meet would be put off. A. that B. if C. whether D. because 6. Some great people said it was their primary school teachers and their lessons they were fond of influenced their whole lives. A.which;that B.that;which C.which;which D.that;that 7. We need the same machine ______ in your factory. A.which is being used B.as is being used C.that is being used D.as it is being used 8.______ can be seen from his face, he is quite satisfied. A.That B.It C.Which D.As 9. Is ______ he told you really funny? A. that B. is C. what D. this 10. —On the contrary，I think it is the mother，rather than her children，to blame. —I agree with you. A.what is B.that is C.who are D.that are 11.He lent me a lot of maney,______ I couldn’t buy the TV set. A.with it B.for which C.without which D.by which 12.I wonder if it was in the bookstore I bought some books I lost the keys. A.that;that B.where;where C.where;that D.that;where 13. It was in the garden of his old house_____he grew up______he dug up a pot of gold. A.that;that B.where;where C.where;that D.that;where 14.It was in the stone house was built as a school by local villagers the boy finished his primary school. A.which;that B.that;where C.which;which D.that;which 15．—Where did you meet him while in Beijing? —It was in the hotel ______ I stayed． A．that B．which C．when D．where 16.It was on October 15 the Communist Party 17th Congress began，was the biggest political meeting in five years. A.which;that B.what;which C.which;who D.that;which 17．--- Where did you meet the famous actress? --- It was in the supermarket _____ we went shopping last Sunday. A．which B．that C．where D．there
定语从句与同位语从句(全)
教案7.21 定语从句详细讲解 一、定义及相关术语 1．定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。 2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。 3．关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有when, where, why等。关系词通常有下列三个作用： A.引导定语从句； B.代替先行词； C.在定语从句中担当一个成分。 The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman. 该句中，who is shaking hands with my father 是定语从句，修饰先行词the man，“who”是引导定语从句的关系词，代替先行词the man，在定语从句中作主语。 二、关系代词引导的定语从句 1．who指人，在定语从句中作主语。 The boys who are playing football are from Class One. 正在踢足球的男孩是一班的。Those who want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning. 想去博物馆的人必须在明晨7点到大门口集合。 Yesterday I helped an old man who had lost his way. 昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。That is the teacher who teaches us physics. 那就是教我们物理的老师。2．whom 指人，在定语从句中作宾语，常可省略。 Mr Liu is the person ( whom ) you talked about on the bus. 先生就是你们在公共汽车上谈论的那个人。 Li Ming is just the boy ( whom ) I want to see. 明正是我想要见的男孩。 The professor ( whom ) you are waiting for has come. 你正在等的教授已经来了。 The girl ( whom ) the teacher often praises is our monitor. 老师经常表扬的那个女孩是我们的班长。 注意：关系代词whom 在口语或非正式文体中常可用who 来代替，也可省略。 The man ( whom / who )you met just now is my old friend.
定语从句与其易混淆句型的辨析
学法导航 定语从句与其易混淆句型的辨析 安丘一中高二英语组李建文 众所周知，定语从句是高中英语学习中的一个语法重点，老师、同学们都对此予以重点关注。由此造成了这样一种现象：做题时，一遇到从句就往定语从句上想，尤其容易把一些形式上与定语从句相似的句型（主要是同位语从句、强调句、地点和时间状语从句）也当作定语从句来理解，结果产生错误。因此，从某个方面来说，解答定语从句题的关键是弄清它和易混淆句型之间的区别。 一、定语从句与同位语从句 定语从句和同位语从句都置于被修饰的名词或代词之后，形式上非常相似，尤其是由that引导时，最难区分。实际上，两者的根本区别在于句法功能不同，与先行词的关系不同。 1. 句法功能不同 定语从句相当于一个形容词，用来修饰、描述或限制其前面的名词、代词（称为先行词）或整个句子；同位语从句则相当于一个名词，是先行词所述内容的展开，即说明先行词的具体内容。 定语从句的引导词that在从句中一定充当句子成分；而同位语从句中的引导词that（被称为连接代词）在从句中只起连接作用，不充当任何句子成分。 定语从句的引导词在从句中作宾语或状语时，可以省略或被其他词代替；而同位语从句的引导词则一般不能省略，也不能被代替。 例1The news （that / which） we picked up from his informal conversation is true.我们从他的闲谈中听到的那个消息是真实的。 例2The news that Mr Li will teach us English next semester is true. 李先生下学期将教我们英语这个消息是真实的。 点评：例1的中that从句是定语从句，其作用相当于一个形容词，用来限定the news，that在从句中作宾语，可省略。例2中的that从句是同位语从句，其作用相当于一个名词，本身就是the news的内容，that不能省略。 2. 与先行词关系不同 定语从句所修饰、限定的先行词可以是名词或代词，当that省略时，定语从句本身是一个不完整的句子。而同位语从句通常与一些本身有具体内容可展开的名词连用，对这些名词进行补充说明或解释。常见的此类名词有：answer， belief， doubt， decision，explanation， fact， hope， idea， information， message， news， order， possibility，problem， promise， question， reason， story， suggestion， thought， truth等。同位语从句本身是一个完整的句子，常用that连接而不是用which 引导，that本身不充当句子成分，表示疑问意义的名词（如doubt， question等）后也可用whether， who， what 等疑问词引导。 例3The fact (that / which) she told me yesterday is very important.她昨天告诉我的事实非常重要。 例4The fact that she hasn’t known the result of the examination is clear.她还不知道考试成绩这个事实是显而易见的。 点评：例3中that / which引导的是定语从句，修饰fact，用以限定说明是哪个fact，
同位语从句和定语从句的三点区别
同位语从句与定语从句的三点区别 同位语从句与定语从句很相似,但还就是有区别的,区别主要在以下三方面: 1、从词类上区别 同位语从句前面的名词只能就是idea,fact,news,hope,belief,suggestion,proposal,word,thought,doubt,truth,possibilit y,promise,order等有一定内涵的名词,而定语从句的先行词可以就是名词、代词、主句的一部分或就是整个主句。如: The possibility that the majority of the labour force will work at home is often discussed、人们经常讨论大多数劳动力将会在家里工作的可能性(同位语从句) We are not looking into the question whether he is worth trusting、我们正在调查的问题不就是她就是否值得信赖的问题(同位语从句) Word came that he had been abroad、据说她已经出国了(同位语从句) Our team has won the game, which made us very happy、我们的队赢了,这让我们很高兴(定语从句) The doctor whom you are looking for is in the room、您找的那位医生在房间里面(定语从句) His mother did all she could to help him with his study、她妈妈尽她的最大努力帮助她的学习(定语从句,代词all作先行词?) 2、从性质上区别 定语从句就是从句对其先行词的修饰或限制,属于形容词性从句的范畴;而同位语从句就是从句对前面抽象名词的进一步的说明与解释,属于名词性从句的范畴如:
定语从句与强调句的区别
定语从句与强调句的区别 1. 强调句型中的it 属于引导词，本身没有意义。如果去掉is／was ... that结构，句子结构仍然完整，句意也完整。定语从句中的it 是指示代词，作主句的主语。 如果去掉it is／was ...that，句子结构不完整，意思也不完整。 It is a question that needs careful consideration. 这是一个需要慎重考虑的问题。（定语从句） It is novels that she enjoys reading. 她喜欢阅读的是小说。（= She enjoys reading novels.）（强调句型） It was at the railway station that we first met 16 years ago. 是在火车站我们16 年前第一次相逢。（强调句型，强调地点状语at therailway station） It was the railway station where we first met 16 years ago. 这是我们16 年前第一次相逢的火车站。（定语从句，where 是关系副词，在定语从句中做地点状语） 2. 在强调句中被强调的部分还可以是副词、介词短语或从句；在定语从句中先行词一般是名词、代词或名词短语。 It was because she was ill that we decided to return. 正是因为她生病了，我们才决定回来。（强调句型） Was it the place where the party was held？ 这些是举行集会的那个地方吗？（定语从句） 3. 有些强调句型中含有一个定语从句，这往往给理解带来一定的难度。解决方法是仔细分析that 或who在句中的作用。 It was in the lab that was set up last year they finished the experiment. 他们是在去年建造的实验室里完成这个实验的。（that was set up last year是定语从句，that 在从句中作主语，并可被which 替换）It was the students who came from our school that won the first prize in thecontest.是来自我们学校的学生获得了竞赛一等奖。(who came from our school是定语从句。who 在从句中作主语。）
定语从句与强调句和状语从句的区别
定语从句与其易混淆句型的辨析 众所周知，定语从句是高中英语学习中的一个语法重点，老师、同学们都对此予以重点关注。由此造成了这样一种现象：做题时，一遇到从句就往定语从句上想，尤其容易把一些形式上与定语从句相似的句型（主要是同位语从句、强调句、地点和时间状语从句）也当作定语从句来理解，结果产生错误。因此，从某个方面来说，解答定语从句题的关键是弄清它和易混淆句型之间的区别。 一、定语从句与同位语从句 定语从句和同位语从句都置于被修饰的名词或代词之后，形式上非常相似，尤其是由that引导时，最难区分。实际上，两者的根本区别在于句法功能不同，与先行词的关系不同。 1. 句法功能不同 定语从句相当于一个形容词，用来修饰、描述或限制其前面的名词、代词（称为先行词）或整个句子；同位语从句则相当于一个名词，是先行词所述内容的展开，即说明先行词的具体内容。 定语从句的引导词that在从句中一定充当句子成分；而同位语从句中的引导词that（被称为连接代词）在从句中只起连接作用，不充当任何句子成分。 定语从句的引导词在从句中作宾语或状语时，可以省略或被其他词代替；而同位语从句的引导词则一般不能省略，也不能被代替。 例1The news （that / which）we picked up from his informal conversation is true.我们从他的闲谈中听到的那个消息是真实的。 例2The news that Mr Li will teach us English next semester is true. 李先生下学期将教我们英语这个消息是真实的。 点评：例1的中that从句是定语从句，其作用相当于一个形容词，用来限定the news，that在从句中作宾语，可省略。例2中的that从句是同位语从句，其作用相当于一个名词，本身就是the news的内容，that不能省略。 2. 与先行词关系不同 定语从句所修饰、限定的先行词可以是名词或代词，当that省略时，定语从句本身是一个不完整的句子。而同位语从句通常与一些本身有具体内容可展开的名词连用，对这些名词进行补充说明或解释。常见的此类名词有：answer，belief，doubt，decision，explanation，fact，hope，idea，information，message，news，order，possibility，problem，promise，question，reason，story，suggestion，thought，truth等。同位语从句本身是一个完整的句子，常用that连接而不是用which 引导，that本身不充当句子成分，表示疑问意义的名词（如doubt，question等）后也可用whether，who，what等疑问词引导。 例3The fact (that / which) she told me yesterday is very important.她昨天告诉我的事实非常重要。 例4The fact that she hasn’t known the result of the examination is clear.她还不知道考试成绩这个事实是显而易见的。
定语从句与同位语从句的区分
定语从句与同位语从句的区分 一、定语从句相当于一个形容词, 它对先行词起修饰、描述和限制的作用。同位语从句相当于名词，属于名词性从句，它是对前面名词内容的具体表述，它们之间的关系是同位关系。试比较： The news that you heard is not true. 你听到的那个消息不是真的。（定语从句） The news that he has died is true. 他已经去世的消息是真的。（同位语从句，说明了news 的具体内容，即he has died） 二、同位语从句常跟在news, fact, promise, idea, word, message, hope, truth, answer, proposal, suggestion, order, information 等少数名词之后，而一般名词之后都可跟定语从句。如： The suggestion that the new rule be adopted came from the chairman. 采纳新规则的建议是主席提出的。 He didn\\'t give the answer why he was late. 他没回答他为什么迟到这个问题。（同位语从句） Then rose a question where we should go. 于是产生了一个问题：我们该到哪里去？（同位语从句） 三、that 在定语从句中充当某一成分, 是关系代词; that 在同位语从句中不作任何成分，仅把主句与从句连接在一起，是从属连词。如： The fact that just now you talked about interests me. 你们刚才谈论的事情使我感兴趣。（定语从句） The fact that he failed in the exam made his parents very angry. 他考试没及格这个事实使他的父母很生气。（同位语从句） 四、when, where, why, how, who, whom, which 如果引导定语从句, 它们分别指前面先行词所表示的时间、地点、原因、方式、人和物，否则引导的就是同位语从句。试比较：
强调句与定语从句的区别
强调句与定语从句的区别 【原题复现】27.It was from only a few supplies that she had bought in the village the hostess cooked such a nice dinner. A. where B．that C．when D. which 【语法补漏】 强调句与定语从句的区别是：在定语从句中一般使用关系代词that, which，who, whom或关系副词when, where，why等,先行词(中心词)一般是名词或名词短语，而在强调句中，可以用副词、介词短语或从句来作被强调的内容。；而在强调句中则主要使用that，who； 有时强调句在形式上和定语从句、状语从句很相似。我们除了从意思上进行区分外，还能根据强调句的结构特点来进行判断，如能去掉It was...that...后，句子仍然通顺，就是强调句。这一点很重要. 试比较：①It is a question that needs careful consideration. ②It is novels that Miss Williams enjoys reading. 简析：句①是含有定语从句的句子，在此It是指示代词，It is a question是个"主语+系动词+表语"结构，如果去掉It is...that,句子结构就不完整了。句②是强调句，在此It是个引导词，没有具体含义，如果去掉It is...that，把语序稍加调整，句子结构仍然是完整的。 区分定语从句与强调句区分定语从句和强调句可用还原法，因为强调句的基本句式为It is (was)+被强调部分+that+句子的其余部分，因此只需将it is(was) 后面的部分还原到原来的句子中，如果成份完整，则为强调句，如果成份不完整则为定语从句。 1) It is this street _______I happened to meet him. It is in this street _______I happened to meet him. [ ] A．that B．where C．which D．from which 首先，我们看到主句部分为it is…结构，可能是定语从句可能是强调句，利用还原法，将两部分分别还原，得出1．I happened to meet him this street. 2．I happened to meet him in this street. 1句子成份不完整，为定语从句，用where；2句子成份完整为强调句，选that。 2) Where did you meet him? It is in the cinema_______ I met him. It is in the cinema_______ door faces west. [ ] A．that B．where C．whose D．which 仍然采取还原法，得出1．I met him in the cinema. 2．Door faces west in the cinema. 1句子成份完整，确定为强调句，用that选A；2明显不是一个意思表达清楚的句子，其实本句是一个省略句，全句为：It is in the cinema _______door faces west that I met him. 强调句部分已经省略，而句中door faces west 是一个定语从句，表示门朝西开的电影院，因此选C，whose 在做题中我们经常可以看见带有定语从句的强调句，这时仍可用还原法加以辨别： (1) Was it in the cinema _______Smith met you _______you saw the film? A．that, that B．whom, then C．where, that D．which, where (C) (2) Where did you found XingMing? It was in the office _______he worked. A．this B．which C．where D．/ (C) 【高考题互动】 01、(08全国卷II’20) It was in New Zealand ___ Elizabeth first met Mr. Smith. A. that B. how C. which D. when 02、(08天津卷’08)It was along the Mississippi River _______ Mark Twain spent much of his childhood. A. how B. which C. that D. where 03、(08重庆卷’22)It was not until midnight they reached the camp site.
2017年高考英语语法：强调句型和定语从句的区别
2017年高考英语语法：强调句型和定 语从句的区别 “Where did you find the professor who made the speech yesterday?”“It was in the hall ______ the students often have a meeting.” A. where B. which C. that D. when 很可能误选C，认为这是一个强调句，强调地点状语 in the hall。 假若选C，即有 It was in the hall that the students often have a meeting，该句的意思是“学生们通常是在大厅开会”，单独看这一句，无论是其意思还是其语法均未错，但若将其与上文联系起来看，则不通，因为上文的意思是“你是在哪儿找到昨天作报告的那位教授的?”假若将答句改为 It was in the hall that I found the professor，则完全可以。 其实，此题的答案是A，where the students often have a meeting 为 定语从句，用以修饰其前的名词 the hall，句意为“是在学生们经常开会的那个大厅(找到教授的)”，这样语意就通顺了。 定语从句与强调句句式结构用法比较： 由it引导的句型结构，常可构成强调句或定语从句，两者极易混淆。一般来说，如果将it is/was...与连接词去掉，句子仍然正确，就为强调句型。这时，就选用that连接词;否则，就为定语从句，其关系词的选择，应根据先行词与从句的关系而定。 例1. (1) It is on the island that they spent 10 years. (2) It is the island where (on which) they spent 10 years. 比较：(1)该句为强调句。表示地点的名词the island前有介词与其连用，说明它是一个完整的地点状语。如果将it is去掉：They spent 10 years on the island.它的意义仍然完整。故应选用连接词that构成强调句式 (注：强调地点状语时，不可用where连接)。 (2)该句为定语从句。表示地点的名词the island前没有介词与其连用，说明它不是一个完整的地点状语。如果将it is去掉：They spent 10 years the island.它的意义不完整。故应选用关系副词where或on which 构成定语从句结构。 例2. (1) It is on the date that she went abroad. (2) It is the date when (on which) she went abroad. 比较：(1)分析句子结构可知，在表示时间的名词the date 前有介词与其连用，说明它是一个完整的时间状语。如果将it is去掉：She went abroad on the date.它的意义仍然完整。故应选用连接词that构成强调句式(强调时间状语时，不可用when连接)。 (2) 分析句子结构可知，在表示时间的名词the date 前没有介词与其连用，说明它不是一个完整的时间状语。如果将it is去掉：She went abroad the date.它的意义不完整。故应选用关系副词when或on which 构成定语从
定语从句、强调句相应练习
定语从句、强调句练习 1．All ____ should be done has been done. A. what B. which C. that D. whatever 2.Was it during the Second World War__he died？ A.that B.while C.in which D.then 3.I feel it is your husband who__for the spoiled child. A.is to blame B.is going to blame C.is to be blamed D.should blame 4．I, ____ your best friend, will try my best to help you. A. who is B. who am C. that is D. which am 5.It was __ I met Mr. Smith in London. A.many years that B.for many years since C.since many years ago when D.many years ago that 6.It was the dean__walked by. A.where B.who C.what D.which 7．Leilei is the girl _____ pronunciation is the best in our class. A. whose B. who C. who’s D. that 8．Can you lend me the book ______ the other day? A. you talked about it B. that you talked C. about that you talked D. you talked about 9．The two old friends talked about the persons and places _____ impressed them most. A. which B. who C. where D. that 10．These articles are written in simple language, _____ makes it easy to read. A. that B. this C. which D. it 11．My father works in the factory _____ this type of truck is made.
同位语从句和定语从句的三点区别
同位语从句和定语从句的三点区别 同位语从句和定语从句很相似,但还是有区别的,区别主要在以下三方面: 1. 从词类上区别 同位语从句前面的名词只能是idea,fact,news,hope,belief,suggestion,proposal,word,thought,doubt,truth,possibilit y,promise,order等有一定内涵的名词，而定语从句的先行词可以是名词、代词、主句的一部分或是整个主句。如: The possibility that the majority of the labour force will work at home is often discussed.人们经常讨论大多数劳动力将会在家里工作的可能性(同位语从句) We are not looking into the question whether he is worth trusting. 我们正在调查的问题不是他是否值得信赖的问题(同位语从句) Word came that he had been abroad. 据说他已经出国了(同位语从句) Our team has won the game, which made us very happy. 我们的队赢了,这让我们很高兴(定语从句) The doctor whom you are looking for is in the room. 你找的那位医生在房间里面(定语从句) His mother did all she could to help him with his study. 他妈妈尽她的最大努力帮助他的学习(定语从句,代词all作先行词?) 2. 从性质上区别 定语从句是从句对其先行词的修饰或限制,属于形容词性从句的范畴;而同位语从句是从句对前面抽象名词的进一步的说明和解释,属于名词性从句的范畴如:
强调句与定语从句的区别
II 强调句与定语从句的区别 【原题复现】 27.lt was from only a few supplies that she had bought in the village ________ the hostess cooked such a nice dinner. A. where B . that C . when D. which 【语法补漏】 强调句与定语从句的区别是：在定语从句中一般使用关系代词 that, which , who, whom 或关系副词 when, where , why 等，先行词仲心词)一般是名词或名词短语，而在强调句中，可以用副词、介词短语或从句来作 被强调的内容。；而在强调句中则主要使用 that ，who ； 有时强调句在形式上和定语从句、状语从句很相似。我们除了从意思上进行区分外，还能根据强调句的结 构特点来进行判断，如能去掉 It was...that...后，句子仍然通顺，就是强调句。这一点很重要 . 试比较：① It is a question that needs careful consideration. ② It is novels that Miss Williams enjoys reading. 简析：句①是含有定语从句的句子，在此 It 是指示代词，It is a question 是个"主语+系动词+表语"结构， 如果去掉It is...that,句子结构就不完整了。句②是强调句，在此 It 是个引导词，没有具体含义，如果去掉 It is...that ，把语序稍加调整，句子结构仍然是完整的。 区分定语从句与强调句 区分定语从句和强调句可用还原法， 因为强调句的基本句式为 It is (was)+被强调部 分+that+句子的其余部分，因此只需将 it is(was)后面的部分还原到原来的句子中，如果成份完整，则为强 调句，如果成份不完整则为定语从句。 1) It is this street _____ I happened to meet him. It is in this street _______ I happened to meet him. [] A . that B . where C . which D . from which 首先，我们看到主句部分为 it is …结构，可能是定语从句可能是强调句，利用还原法，将两部分分别还原， 得出 1. I happened to meet him this street. 2. I happened to meet him in this street. 1 句子成份不完整，为定语 从句，用where ； 2句子成份完整为强调句，选 that 。 2) Where did you meet him? It is in the cinema ______ I met him. It is in the cinema _______ door faces west. [] A . that B . where C . whose D . which 仍然采取还原法， 得出1 . I met him in the cinema. 2 . Door faces west in the cinema. 1句子成份完整， 确定为 强调句，用that 选A ；2明显不是一个意思表达清楚的句子， 其实本句是一个省略句，全句为：It is in the cinema ______ door faces west that I met him.强调句部分已经省略，而句中 door faces west 是一个定语从句，表示 门朝西开的电影院，因此选 C ，whose 在做题中我们经常可以看见带有定语从句的强调句，这时仍可用还 原法加以辨别： ⑴ Was it in the cinema ______ Smith met you ______ you saw the film? A . that, that B . whom, then C . where, that D . which, where (C) (2) Where did you found XingMing? It was in the office ______ he worked. 【高考题互动】 20) It was in New Zeala nd B. how Elizabeth first met Mr. Smith. D. whe n 22)It was not un til mid ni ght they reached the camp 02、(08天津卷' childhood. 08)It was along the Mississippi River Mark Twain spe nt much of his A. how B. which C. that D. where A . this B . which C . where (C) 01、(08全国卷 A. that C. which 03、(08重庆卷'