高中语法主谓一致详细讲解
主谓一致的讲解
一、并列结构作主语时的主谓一致
1.由and 连接主语时
And 连接的两个或多个单数可数名词、不可数名词或代词作主语时根据意义或概念确定谓语用单数或复数
1)并列主语表示不同的人、物或概念时谓语动词用复数
Li Ming and Zhang Hua are good students.
Like many others, the little tramp and the naughty boy have rushed there in search of gold.
小流浪汉和调皮的小男孩也赶到那里寻找金子
Both rice and wheat are grown in this area.
2)并列主语表示同一个人、物或概念时，谓语动词用单数形式。
The professor and writer is speaking at the meeting.
那位教授兼作家正在会上发言
A journalist and authour lives on the sixth floor.
一位新闻记者兼作家
His lawyer and former college friend was with him on his trip to Europe.
他的律师兼大学时代的朋友陪他去欧洲旅行
The Premier and Foreign Minister was present at the state banquet.
总理兼外长
比较：the writer and the educator have visited our school.
the writer and educator has visited our school.
His lawyer and his former college friend were with him on his trip to Europe.
注意：指同一个人或物时，并列主语前只用一个冠词，指不同的需要分别加冠词，但两个名词具有分别的对立的意思时只需要一个冠词即可
A boy and girl are playing tennis.
3)并列主语前有each, every, many a , no 等修饰时谓语动词用单数
Each doctor and (each) nurse working in the hospital was asked to help patients.
Every man, woman and child is entitled to take part in the activity. 有权参加
Every boy and (every) girl admires him for his fine sense of humour.
Many a boy and (many a ) girl has made the same mistake
No boy and no girl is there now.没有任何男孩和女孩在那里
注意：many a 跟单数可数名词但是表示复数意义翻译为很多
Many a student was disappointed after seeing the movie.
4)并列主语为不可分的整体时，谓语动词用单数
A law and rule about protecting environment has been drawn up.
法规制定
The knife and fork has been washed 刀叉已经被洗好
War and peace is a constant theme in history
战争与和平是历史永恒的主题
注意;常被视为主体的结构
A cup and saucer 一副杯碟
A horse and cart 马车
A knife and fork 一副刀叉
A law and rule 法规
A needle and thread 一套针线
Fish and chips 炸鱼加炸薯条
The stars and stripes 星条旗
2.由(either)…or 或neither…nor 等连接的主语时
由either…or, neither…nor, or, not only…but(also)…连接主语时，谓语动词陈述句中就近原则
Either you or Jane is to be sent to New York.要么你要么简被派往纽约
Neither you nor he has finished the experiment.
Neither the teacher nor the students like this piece of music. 都不喜欢这首曲子
Not only the old farmer but also his family were friendly to me.
Not only his friends but also he himself is looking forward to taking part in the party.
3.主语由肯定否定两部分构成谓语跟肯定部分走
Not you but I am to answer the question
I, not you, am to answer the question.
二、单一主语的主谓一致
1.名词本身自带s作主语时
1）学科名词: physics 物理mathematics/maths 数学economics 经济学politics政治学新闻; news
体操：Gymnastics
As we know, Physics is a fundamental subject in science.物理是自然科学中的一门基础学科Mathematics is a required course for middle school students.数学是中学生的一门必修课Einstein once said ,“Politics is much more difficult than physics.”
注意：当mathematics 表示运算时谓语动词用单数复数都可
If my mathematics is/are right, the answer is 56.如果我的运算正确，答案就是56
The television news is at 7 o’clock in the evening every day
Gymnastics is my sister’s favourite sport
2)有些名词单复数同行根据是单数概念还是复数概念判断谓语means方式方法aircraft 飞机works 工厂crossroads十字路口deer 鹿sheep 羊fish 鱼
This works was build in 1982 这座工厂是
By far, three steelworks have been closed down in this city
This means of transport has been tried
All possible means have been tried
3）由两部分组成的物体名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数
chopsticks筷子compasses 圆规
glasses眼镜gloves手套
Jeans牛仔裤pants裤子
scissors剪子shoes鞋子
shorts短裤socks短袜
trousers裤子
My trousers are white and his clothes are black.我的裤子是白色的他的衣服是黑色的
Why are your shoes so dirty?
注意;如果这些词由单位词（a pair of , a suit of , a piece of , a kind of 等）修饰时，单位词的单复数决定谓语动词的单复数
A pair of scissors is lying in that drawer.
These kinds of glasses are popular this summer.
4)表示国家、人名、书名、组织机构等的专有名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数
The united States is a developed country
The New York Times is widely read in the world.
5)以-s 结尾的群岛、山脉、海峡、瀑布等专有名词谓语动词用复数
The Himalayas have a magnificent variety of plants.植物种类繁多
The Niagara Falls are splendid waterfalls.
6)以-S结尾的名词作主语时谓语动词用复数
belongings财产clothes衣服plastics
earnings收入goods货物
leavings剩余savings储存
All the goods are very expensive.
2.集体名词作主语时
1）mankind, humanity, man 作主语时，谓语一般用单数
Only man knows how to cook. 只有人懂得烹饪
【注】mankind 表示“人(类)”有时表示复数意义,尤其是其表语是复数时：
Mankind are intelligent animals. 人是理智的动物.
2）people, police, cattle, youth等作主语时，只有单数形式, 但却表示复数意义谓语动词用复数The police are investigating the riot. 正在调查暴乱事件
The cattle are grazing the the field 正在牧场吃草
Many cattle were killed for this. 就因为这个原因宰了不少牲畜
【注】people作民族讲时有复数形式.如：There are 56 peoples in China
3）family, crowd 等作主语时，根据概念确定谓语动词
这类集体名词有：
Army，assembly议会集会audience band class club committee company congress 议会youth crew 全体工作人员crowd enemy family gang团伙government group herd牧群jury population public team强调整体用单数谓语强调个体用复数谓语
The family is going to move to New York
The family have different opinions about their going abroad
The football club committee arranges all the matches
The football club committee have decided to dismiss him.
比较：
A family , a group , a class 做主语时用单数谓语
Families, groups, classes 作主语时用复数谓语
A group is coming to the zoo.一队人正朝着动物园走来
4）baggage / luggage(行李), clothing(衣服), furniture(家具), machinery(机器), poetry(诗), scenery(风景), jewelry(珠宝), equipment(设备)等,是不可数名词,只用单数形式,不用不定冠词(当然更不能用数词)
Our clothing protects us from [against] the cold. 我们的衣服可以御寒.
Have you checked all your baggage? 你所有行李都托运了吗?
【注】machinery, poetry, jewelry, scenery等相应的个体可数名词是machine, poem, jewel, scene 等.如：a poem / a piece of poetry(一首诗),many machines / much machinery / many pieces of machinery(许多机器).
5）hair的用法
hair(头发,毛发)指全部头发或毛发时,为集合名词(不可数)；
指几根头发或毛发时,为个体名词(可数)：
My hair has grown very long. 我的头发已长得很长了.
The police found two hairs there. 警察在那儿找到了两根头发.
6）fruit的用法
fruit(水果)作为集合名词,它通常是不可数的：
He doesn’t eat much fruit. 他不大吃水果.
He is growing fruit in the country. 他在乡下种水果.
但是,当要表示种类时,它可视为可数名词,即a fruit 指一种水果,fruits 指多种水果.比较：Some fruits have thick skins. 有些水果皮很厚.
3.非谓语动词或从句作主语时
1）非谓语动词或从句作主语时谓语动词用单数
To improve agricultural land needs a lot of money.改善耕地质量需要投入大量的资金
To see is to believe
Swimming is a good way to keep health
How they will solve the problem remains to be seen
Whether she will come is not known
2)多个非谓语动词作主语，表达一个概念谓语用单数，表达不同概念谓语用复数
Going to be early and getting up early is good for your health.早睡早起一个概念
Reading books and playing table tennis are my great pleasure.读书和打乒乓球
Listening, speaking, reading and writing are all important.
To be strict with oneself and to be kind to others are good qualities of a person
三、其他情况的主谓一致
1.表示距离、时间、长度、金额、质量等的复数名词作主语时常被看作是整体谓语动词用单数
这类复数名词有：miles, dollars, pounds, kilograms公斤千克, kilometres公里, centimetres,厘米millimetres毫米, seconds, hours, years等
Five dollars seems a fair price 是一个公道的价格
Two kilometres is not very far for the young man
Five hours is a short time for such a difficult job
2.如果强调数目谓语动词用复数
One hundred cents make a dollar
More than twenty years have passed since they got married.
3.算数中的谓语动词一般用单数形式，有时也用复数
Five times eight is/are forty
Four and eight makes/make twelve
Sixty minus seven leaves fifty-three
Forty-eight divided by six is eight
4.复合不定代词作主语时谓语动词用单数
Everyone something anybody nowhere
Everyone in the class was surprised at the news
Listen! Someone is knocking at the door.
Is anyone going to tell him the news?
5.each one of…, every one of …, anyone of…, one of…, 等作主语时谓语用单数Each of the girl in our class has a balloon 我们班每个女孩都有一个气球
Each of the students was asked to speak for three minutes.
Every one of them is familiar to me. 我对他们都很熟悉
6.each , every 作形容词修饰主语时谓语动词用单数
但是each 作复数主语的同位语时谓语用复数
Each/Every boy in our class has a skateboard一副滑板
They each have a stateboard
Each/Every student has an English-Chinese dictionary
The students each have an English-Chinese dictionary
7.none of + 不可数名词谓语用单数
none of,
neither of, + 可数名词复数/复数代词+ 谓语动词单数复数都可
either of ,
None of that money in the desk is his 不可数名词
None of his classmates knows the truth.= None of his classmates know the truth
Neither of the statements is true = Neither of the statements are true 两种说法没有一个真实Either of the qualifications is acceptable = Either of the qualifications are acceptable
8.neither 与either 做形容词修饰单数名词时谓语动词用单数
Either qualification is acceptable两种资格中的任何一种都可以接受
Neither qualification is acceptable
9.分数百分数+ of + 名词，some of , plenty of, a lot of, lots of, most of, the rest of, all(of), half(of) 谓语常与of 后面的名词一致
分数/百分数+ of + 复数名词/ 复数代词谓语动词用复数
分数/百分数+ of + 单数名词/
单数代词谓语动词用单数
不可数名词
Two thirds of the students support the plan复数名词
One tenth of them are suffering from this kind of illness.复数代词
Three fourths of the surface of the earth is sea单数名词
Eighty percent of the employees in the company are from Beijing百分数复数名词
Thirty percent of its area is flooded each year.百分数单数名词
The rest of the money belongs to you
The rest of the students speak for it.
Half of the apple is rotten
Half of the apples are rotten
10. “more than one + 单数名词”结构作主语，尽管从意义上看是复数，但它的谓语动词用单数形式。
“more+复数名词+than one”结构作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。
More than one person has known the news. 不止一个人知道了这个消息。
More students than one are for your proposal. 很多学生同意你的计划。
11.a number of + 复数名词谓语用复数许多的
The number of + 名词谓语动词用单数…的数量
A number of trees are green in April
A great number of tourists have been to the Great Wall
A large number of worker were out of work because the factory was destroyed in flood.
The number of students in the computer class is limited to ten.
The number of workers who were out of work was 1,000.
12.there/here…引导句子时就近原则
There are some chairs and a table in the room
There is a table and some chairs in the room
Here are some gifts for you
Here is a book, a pen and some paper for you.
13.当主语后接修饰语时
With, along with, together with, but, besides, except, like, including, in addition to, as well as, rather than, 谓语动词与前面的主语保持一致
A library with five thousand books is offered to the nation as a gift被作为礼物送给了这个国家The teacher, along with her students, is going to attend the lecture 听报告
A peasant, together with some soldiers, is about to help us.
All but one have arrived here.除了一个人外所有人都到了
No one except two students was late for class.再没有其他人上课迟到
The garage, in addition to the house, was burned.
She as well as the other girls is going to another supermarked.
You as well as I are wrong.
The father, rather than the brother, is responsible.父亲而不是兄弟们应当负责
14.The+ 形容词做主语时
表示一类人用复数谓语
表示抽象概念用单数谓语
The injured were carried away on stretchers.用担架抬走了
The old are more likely to catch cold than the young
The rich are for the decision but the poor are against it.
The young are always full of vitality充满了活力
The unknown is always something to be feared 未知的东西总是令人害怕
The beautiful is not always the good, and the good is not always the true.
美未必是善善未必是真
The true is to be distinguished from the false真应与假相区别
The good is what people like 人们总是喜欢美好的东西
In many stories, the good are well rewarded and the bad are punished.好人有好报坏人有怀抱15.all做主语时指一切表示单数概念用单数谓语，指具体人或物用复数谓语
All has been tried一切都试过了
All were silent 大家都一言不发
All was silent 万籁俱寂
All are here now 大家都在
16.由a kind of, this kind of, many kinds of, 名词+of this kind, a type of a sort of 谓语动词根据of 后面的名词来定
A new type of machine is on show now.
Machines of this kind are made in Wuhan
高中英语 语法之三主语和主谓一致
高中语法之三主语和主谓一致 一、概述 句子的主语有单复数及人称的变化，其谓语动词需要根据主语的人称和数的不同而有所变化。即：谓语动词与其主语在人称和数上必须保持一致。 Her dreams have come true. 她的梦想实现了。 Her dream has come true. 她的(一个)梦想实现了。 从以上两个例句可以看出谓语动词随主语的数而变化。 She/He often arrives school late. 她(他)常常上学迟到。 They often arrive school late. 他们常常上学迟到。 You often arrive school late. 你常常上学迟到。 从以上三个例句可以看出谓语动词随主语的人称变化而变化。 I am a teacher. 我是老师。 He/She is a teacher.他（她）是老师。 They are teachers.他们是老师。 It is going to rain.要下雨了。 从以上四个例句可以看出谓语动词be随主语的人称变化而变化。 二、主语与谓语一致所遵循的三个原则 主语的人称，特别是主语的数是决定谓语形式的关键。除第一人称I和第二人称you 之外，单数主语之后的谓语动词用单数形式；复数主语之后的谓语动词用复数形式。主语和谓语动词的一致要遵循下面三个原则： 1、语法上的一致 所谓语法一致原则，即主语和谓语的语法形式在人称和数上取得一致。谓语的单、复数形式依据主语的单、复数形式而定:主语为复数，谓语动词用复数；主语为单数或者是不可数名词，谓语动词用单数。 China belongs to the Third World. 中国属于第三世界。 We are sure he will come. 我们肯定他会来。 使用语法一致的情况 （1）当主语是and，both…and连接的并列结构 如果主语指的是两个或两个以上的人或物，则谓语动词用复数。 My mother and I have seen the film. 我妈妈和我已看过这部电影。 Both rice and wheat are grown in this part of China. 在中国的这个地方既种稻子又种小麦。 注意：由and连接的并列主语前面分别有each，every，no修饰时，其谓语动词用单数形式。 Every boy and every girl has to receive education in our country. 在我国每一个男女孩子都得受教育。 No student and no teacher was invited to the party. 师生没有被邀请参加晚会。（2）主语后面接说明主语的修饰语 主语后面接说明主语的修饰语如 with，along with，together with，as well as，like，rather than，but，except，besides，including，in addition to，谓语动词不受修饰成分的影响，仍保持同主语一致的关系。 The teacher with two students was at the meeting. 那位老师和两个学生参加了会议。 The girl as well as the boys has learned to drive a car. 这个姑娘和男孩子一道，也学会了开汽车。 A library with five thousand books is offered to the nation as a gift.一个
l主谓一致讲解最全面主谓一致讲解
主谓一致的讲解 主谓一致是指： 1）语法形式上要一致，即名词单复数形式与谓语要一致。 2）意义上要一致，即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。 一、并列结构作主语时的主谓一致 1.由and 连接主语时 And 连接的两个或多个单数可数名词、不可数名词或代词作主语时根据意义或概念确定谓语用单数或复数 1)并列主语表示不同的人、物或概念时谓语动词用复数 Li Ming and Zhang Hua are good students. Like many others, the little tramp and the naughty boy have rushed there in search of gold. 小流浪汉和调皮的小男孩也赶到那里寻找金子 Both rice and wheat are grown in this area. 2)并列主语表示同一个人、物或概念时，谓语动词用单数形式。 The professor and writer is speaking at the meeting. 那位教授兼作家正在会上发言 A journalist and authour lives on the sixth floor. 一位新闻记者兼作家 His lawyer and former college friend was with him on his trip to Europe. 他的律师兼大学时代的朋友陪他去欧洲旅行 The Premier and Foreign Minister was present at the state banquet. 总理兼外长 比较：the writer and the educator have visited our school. the writer and educator has visited our school. His lawyer and his former college friend were with him on his trip to Europe. 注意：指同一个人或物时，并列主语前只用一个冠词，指不同的需要分别加冠词，但两个名词具有分别的对立的意思时只需要一个冠词即可 A boy and girl are playing tennis. 3)并列主语前有each, every, many a , no 等修饰时谓语动词用单数 Each doctor and (each) nurse working in the hospital was asked to help patients. Every man, woman and child is entitled to take part in the activity. 有权参加 Every boy and (every) girl admires him for his fine sense of humour. Many a boy and (many a ) girl has made the same mistake No boy and no girl is there now.没有任何男孩和女孩在那里 注意：many a 跟单数可数名词但是表示复数意义翻译为很多 Many a student was disappointed after seeing the movie. 4)并列主语为不可分的整体时，谓语动词用单数 A law and rule about protecting environment has been drawn up. 关于保护环境的法律法规已经起草完成。 The knife and fork has been washed 刀叉已经被洗好 War and peace is a constant theme in history 战争与和平是历史永恒的主题 注意;常被视为主体的结构 A cup and saucer 一副杯碟 A horse and cart 马车 A knife and fork 一副刀叉
(完整版)高一英语“主谓一致”用法归纳
高一英语“主谓一致”用法归纳 一、基本概念 所谓一致关系(Agreement)就是在英语句子中各个成分之间必须在人称、数、性等方面要保持一定的语法关系。在英语中最主要的一致关系是主语与谓语动词之间的一致。在判断一个句子主语、谓语是否一致时，要遵循下列三个原则：语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近一致原则。一般来说，主语的单复数形式决定着谓语动词需要采用的单复数形式。比较：The student studies very hard.这个学生学习非常努力。The students study very hard.这些学生学习非常努力。 主谓一致的原则说起来简单，但在实际使用中遇到的情况要复杂很多。在处理主谓一致的问题时，可依据上面提到的三个原则。“语法一致”也就是平常说的从语法形式上取得一致，即主语为单数形式，谓语动词亦用单数形式。“意义一致”就是从意义着眼来处理主谓语一致问题。有时，主语形式为单数，但意义为复数，谓语动词依意义而定，也采用复数形式。“就近原则”是指谓语动词的人称和数往往和其最近的主语保持一致。 二、基本用法 1.集合名词与谓语动词的一致 集合名词作主语，如果表示整体概念，谓语动词用单数形式；如果强调其成员，则用复数形式。常用的集合名词有： army,audience,class,club,committee,company,couple,crowd,family,flock,group,government,j-ury, majority,minority,organization,party,personnel,publ-ic,staff,team,union等。 The football team are discussing the problem with the coach now. 足球队员们现在正在与教练讨论这个问题。 The police have caught the criminal.警察已经逮捕了那个罪犯。 The majority were/was for the proposal.大多数人赞同这个提议。 Only a minority of students receive the scholarship.只有少数学生获得了奖学金。 【注意】 （1）有些有生命的集合名词作主语时，谓语动词只用复数。这样的名词常用的有：cattle,people,police,folk等。 The cattle are grazing in the fields.牛在田里吃草。 （2）无生命的集合名词作主语时，谓语动词常用单数形式。这样的名词常用的有:clothing,furniture,machinery,jewellery等。 Warm clothing is necessary in cold climates.气候寒冷的地方需要暖和的衣服。 All the furniture has been moved to another room. 所有家具已经搬到了另一个房间里。 2.由either...or...，neither...nor...，not only...but(also)...连接的两个名词或代词作主语时，主谓一致遵循就近原则，即谓语动词应与最近的一个主语的人称和数保持一致。 Either he or I am wrong.不是他错就是我错。 Not only the students but(also) the teacher is active in sports and games.不但学生，就连老师都积极参加体育运动。 Does neither the teacher nor the students know this matter? 教师和学生都不知道这件事吗？ 【经典回放】 Either you or one of your students ______ to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow.
高中英语语法(主谓一致练习题)
1. 2. 2010届高一上期末综合练习之 主谓一致练习 Neither he nor I ___ for the pla n. A. were B. is C are My family as well as I __ glad to see you. D. am A. was B. is C. are D. am My father, together with some of his old frien ds, __ there already. A. will be B. had been C. has been bee n 4. 3. D. have 5. 6. 7. 8. There are two roads and either ___ t o the stati on. A. is lead ing B. are lead ing Nine plus three ___ twelve. A. are mak ing B. is mak ing Twenty miles __ a long way to cover. A. seem to be B. is Very few ___ his address in the tow n. A. has known B. are knowing Whe n and where this took place _ A. has B. is C. were C. lead D. leads C. make D. makes C. are D. were 9. C. know still unknown. D. ar D. knows I know that all ___ gett ing on well with her. A. were B. are C. is D. was 10. The rest of the no vel __ very in terest ing. A. seem B. is C. are D. were 11. Our family ___ a happy one. A. are B. was C. are D. is 12. The boy sitting by the window is the only one coun tryside in our school. A. was B. were 13. More tha n one an swer __ t o the questi on. A. had give n B. were give n bee n give n of the stude nts who from the C. is D. are C. has bee n give n D. have 14. The stude nts in our school each __ an En glish dict ionary. A. are hav ing B. had C. has 15. The pair of shoes __ worn out. A. had bee n B. have bee n C. were D. was 16. A professor and a writer __ prese nt at the meeti ng. A. had bee n B. were 17. Those who __ singing may join us. A. is fond of B. enjoy liki ng 18. There ___ a knife and fork on the table. A. are B. is seem ing to be to be 19. Over 80 perce nt of the populatio n _ workers. A. will be B. are C. is 20. The whole class __ greatly moved at his words. A. is B. had 21. The woun ded __ good care of here now. A. is tak ing B. are tak ing taken 22. Deer __ faster tha n dogs. A. will run B. are running 23. The police ___ a pris oner. A. are searched for B. is searchi ng searchi ng for 24. It was reported that six A. had killed killed ,in clud ing a boy. B. was killi ng C. is C. likes C. seem to be C. were C. are being take n C. runs D. have D. was D. are D. seems D. was D. was D. is D. run C. are search ing for C. were killed D. is D. was
高中英语语法主谓一致练习题
2010届高一上期末综合练习之主谓一致练习 1.Neither he nor I ___ for the plan. A. were B. is C are D. am 2. My family as well as I ___ glad to see you. A. was B. is C. are D. am 3. My father, together with some of his old friends, ___ there already. A. will be B. had been C. has been D. have been 4. There are two roads and either ___ to the station. A. is leading B. are leading C. lead D. leads 5. Nine plus three ___ twelve. A. are making B. is making C. make D. makes 6. Twenty miles ___ a long way to cover. A. seem to be B. is C. are D. were 7. Very few ___ his address in the town. A. has known B. are knowing C. know D. knows 8. When and where this took place ___ still unknown. A. has B. is C. were D. ar 9. I know that all ___ getting on well with her. A. were B. are C. is D. was 10. The rest of the novel ___ very interesting. A. seem B. is C. are D. were 11. Our family ___ a happy one. A. are B. was C. are D. is 12. The boy sitting by the window is the only one of the students who ___ from the countryside in our school. A. was B. were C. is D. are 13. More than one answer ___ to the question. A. had given B. were given C. has been given D. have been given 14. The students in our school each ___ an English dictionary. A. are having B. had C. has D. have 15. The pair of shoes ___ worn out. A. had been B. have been C. were D. was 16. A professor and a writer ___ present at the meeting. A. had been B. were C. is D. was 17. Those who ___ singing may join us. A. is fond of B. enjoy C. likes D. are liking 18. There ___ a knife and fork on the table. A. are B. is seeming to be C. seem to be D. seems to be 19. Over 80 percent of the population ___ workers. A. will be B. are C. is D. was 20. The whole class ___ greatly moved at his words. A. is B. had C. were D. was 21. The wounded ___ good care of here now. A. is taking B. are taking C. are being taken D. is taken 22. Deer ___ faster than dogs. A. will run B. are running C. runs D. run 23. The police ___ a prisoner. A. are searched for B. is searching C. are searching for D. is searching for 24. It was reported that six ___ including a boy. A. had killed B. was killing C. were killed D. was killed 25. The United Nations ___ in 1945. A. was found B. was founded C. were founded D. were found 26. I, who ___ your good friend, will share your joys and sorrows. A. was B. are C. is D. am 27. Between the two buildings ___ a monument. A. is standing B. standing C. stands D. stand 28. Laying eggs ___ the ant queen’s full-time job.
主谓一致用法详解及练习题 附答案
．主谓一致 主谓一致是指一个句子的主语和谓语动词保持数的一致关系。英语主谓一致一般要遵循三条原则，即：语法一致原则；意义一致原则和就近原则。 1.语法一致原则 语法一致原则是指谓语动词和它的主语在语法形式上必须取得一致，即主语是单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式，主语为复数形式，谓语动词也用复数形式，如： Tom doesn’t like swimming. 汤姆不喜欢游泳。 Jane and Mary look alike. 简和玛丽看起来很像。 2.意义一致原则 意义一致原则是指谓语动词和主语的一致，同由主语所表达的单数概念来决定，而不是根据主语的实际语法形式。 有时主语的语法形式是单数，但所表达的概念是复数意义，这时动词应采用复数形式，如： The football team are having breakfast now. 足球队员们在吃早饭。 The news was exciting. 这条消息令人振奋。 3.就近原则 就近原则指谓语动词的人称和数要在形式上与最靠近它的那个名词或代词取得一致。当一个句子有两个主语而它们又是either...or…, neither…nor…, not only…but also…, or 等连接时，谓语动词与靠近它的主语保持一致，如： Either your students or Mr Wang knows this. 你的学生们或王老师知道这件事。 Neither Jim nor his friends were interested in this film. 汤姆和他的朋友们都对这部电影不感兴趣。 主谓一致这三个原则中有很多需要注意的问题， 1.主语为集体名词 (1)某些集体名词既可表示单数也可表示复数。如果集体名词作为一个整体看待，谓语动词用单数形式，如果就其中一 个成员而言，谓语动词用复数形式，如： Our group were discussing heatedly on the subject. 我们小组成员正对这个问题进行热烈的讨论。（group 指小组成员）Our group is made up of four girls and five boys. 我们小组有4个女孩和5个男孩组成。（group 指小组整体） The population in China is very large, and one third of the population are farmers. 中国的人口很多，其中三分之一是农民。（前一个population 指整体，后一个population 指成员） (2)某些集体名词如people, police, cattle, youth 等常作复数看待，谓语动词与复数形式的谓语搭配，如： The police are searching for him. 警察正在搜寻他。 The cattle were driven away from the hill. 那些牲畜从山上被赶走了。 3.某些名词如equipment（设备），furniture（家具），jewelry（珠宝），clothing（衣服），machinery（机械），表示单数 概念，谓语动词要相应地采用单数形式,如： A lot of equipment has been replaced by the new equipment. 许多旧设备已经被新设备代替了。 All the machinery in the factory was controlled by robots. 这个厂所有的机械都由机器人来控制的。 2.主语为代词 (1)．有些代词尽管意义上是多数，但谓语动词要用单数形式，这类代词有：either, neither, each, another, somebody, someone, something, anything, anyone, everyone, everything, everybody, no one, nothing, nobody 等，如： Neither likes the friends of the other. 两人都不喜欢对方的朋友。 Everything around us is matter. 我们周围所有的东西都是物质。 注意： ①在neither of 与either of 的结构中，谓语动词可用单数形式也可用复数形式，如： Neither of them was / were in good health, but both worked hard. 他们俩身体都不好，但工作却都很努力。 ②each 用于单数名词前，谓语动词用单数形式, each 用于复数主语后，谓语动词用复数形式。each of, each one of 后 接复数名词或代词，但谓语动词常用单数形式。 Each (one) of the houses was different. 每座房子都不同。 Each student has been given their own e-mail address. 每个学生都得到了一个自己的电子邮件地址。
高中英语语法名词和主谓一致【55题】
名词与主谓一致 1. Where and when to go for the on-salary holiday _____ yet. a. are not decided b. have not been decided c. is not being decided d. has not been decided 2. Mary is the only one of the girls who _____ by the headmaster at the meeting. a. uis praised b. are praised c. was praised d. were praised 3. Mary is one of the girls who _____ by the headmaster at the meeting. a. uis praised b. are praised c. was praised d. were praised 4. All life on our planet _____, in one way or another, upon the sun. a. depend b. depending c. depends d. depended 5. Whisky and soda _____ always my favorite drink. a. is b. was c. are d. were 6. Kate as well as her sisters _____ interest in studing Chinese. a. are b. take c. takes d. is 7. More than one graduate _____ sent to the hardest place since 1979. a. is b. are c. has been d. have been 8. The secretary of the Party branch and director of the factory often _____ with the workers. a. works b. work c. is working d. are working 9. His family _____ always quarrelling among _____. a. is; itself b. are; themselves c. is; themselves d. are; itself 10. Some folk _____ never _____ with the present situation. a. is; satisfying b. are; satisfied c. are; satisfying d. is; satisfied 11. Each of the students in our class _____ great interest in English and they each _____ a copy of A New English-Chinese Dictionary. a. shows; have b. have; has c. is; have d. takes; has 12. ---- _____ ypur clothes? ---- No, mine _____ hanging over there. a. Is it; is b. Are these; are c. Is it; are d. Are these; is 13. Either you or the headmaster _____ which student will go to attend that meeting. a. is not decided b. are to decided c. are deciding d. is to decided 14. All but one _____ here just now. a. is b. was c. has been d. were 15. Light and heat _____ often sent out together with heavy smoke. a. is b. was c. are d. being 16. No chair and no desk _____ permitted to be taken away from the reading room. a. are b. were c. is d. be 17. Strangely enough, a pair of new trousers _____ among the rubbish. a. were found b. was found c. found d. had found 18. Large quantities of fruit _____ all over the world from China today. a. is shipped b. are shipped c. has shopped d. have shipped 19. It _____ William and Carol who helped me the other day. a. has been b. are c. was d. were 20. Growing around the lake _____ wold flowers of different colors. a. is b. are c. has d. have
人教版高中高二语法专题——主谓一致讲解及练习
高二英语语法专题——主谓一致 课前短语回顾 have a bad effect on 对……有坏影响take in 吸收 give out 放出；发出in a nutshell 简言之；概括地讲 look through 浏览be at war with 与……交战 bring up 养育；抚养become interested in 对……感兴趣 be proud of 为……自豪in conclusion 总之 主谓一致 （一）主谓一致的种类 1．语法形式上的一致 主语为单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式；主语为复数形式，谓语动词也用复数形式。如：The number of the students present is 200. Jane and Mary look alike. 2．意义上一致 A.主语形式虽为单数，但意义为复数，谓语动词用复数。 如：The crowd were shouting. 注意：单数形式代表复数内容的词有：people, , cattle,等。 B.主语形式为复数，而意义上却是单数，谓语动词用单数。如：The news was so surprising. 等同：physics，politics, economics.. 3．就近原则 即谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于最靠近它的词语。如用连词or，either…or, neither…not, not only…but also等连接的并列主语，如果一个是单数，一个是复数，谓语动词与靠近它的主语一致。 如：Either your students or Mr. Wang knows this. （二）主谓一致的应用 1．名词作主语
初中英语主谓一致语法讲解
初中英语主谓一致语法讲解 （名师总结必考语法知识，值得下载） 1.定义：主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致，同时主谓一致必须遵循三原则：语法一致原则，意义一致原则，就近一致原则。 2.什么叫语法一致原则？ 指当主语是单数形式时，谓语动词用单数形式，当主语是复数形式时，谓语用复数形式。 例如：Mike________（is / are）a good student. 迈克是个好学生。Mike为第三人称单数，谓语动词应用单数。 The children often ________（plays / play）football on the playground. 孩子们经常在操场上踢足球。 children为复数，谓语动词应用复数形式。 3.什么叫意义一致原则？ 指主语形式上为单数，但所表达的意义为复数，因此谓语动词要用复数形式；或主语形式上为复数,但表示单数意义，这时谓语动词用单数形式。 例如：My family ________（is / are）having lunch now. 我们一家人
现在正吃午饭。 Family指一家人，所以谓语用复数。 Twenty dollars ________（is / are）too expensive for the book. 这本书20美元太贵了。 Twenty dollars这里是一个单独的个体，所以意义为单数，谓语动词用单数。 4.什么叫就近一致原则？ 指谓语动词的单复数形式，取决于最靠近它的主语。 例如：Not only the teacher but also his students ________（like / likes）playing football. 不仅老师喜欢踢足球，而且他的学生也喜欢踢足球。 Like前面的主语为students,故根据就近原则谓语动词用复数形式。 There ________（is / are）a pen and some books on the desk. 课桌上有一支钢笔和一些书。 Be动词后面靠近它的是a pen,所以谓语动词用单数形式。 5.常见用法： 1）主语为单数名词或不可数名词时，谓语动词用单数形式，主语为
高中语法----主谓一致
高中语法 ----主谓一致的概述 英语中，谓语动词必须和主语的人称和数一致，这就叫主谓一致。主谓一致有三个基本原则：语法形式上一致，语言内容上一致（意义一致），谓语动词和紧挨着位于其前的主语一致（即就近一致）。下面从几个方面对主谓一致进行归纳。 一、如果主语是单数、动词不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）、从句或不可数名词时，谓语动词用单数。复数主语则用复数动词。如： 1.He likes bananas. 2.To be a scientist is my dream. 3.Watching TV too much is bad for your eyes. 4.Persuading him to join us seems really hard. 5.That tom has gone abroad makes us all surprised. 6.News comes that his father is going to our school. 二、由and构成的词 1．主语由and或both…and 连接，谓语动词用复数。但如果and连接的两个词是指同一个人，同一个事物或同一个概念，谓语用单数。如： a cart and horse(一套马车) a knife and fork(一副刀叉) black and white(黑白花色的) coffee and milk（牛奶咖啡） early to bed and early to rise(早起早睡) going to bed early and getting up early(早起早睡) ham and egg（鸡蛋汉堡）how and why（怎样为什么） ink and pen(笔墨) iron and steel（钢铁） law and order（法治/治安）the bread and butter(奶油面包) the hammer and sickle(锤子和镰刀图案) the needle and thread(针线) the singer and dancer(这位歌唱家兼舞蹈家) time and tide（岁月） truth and honesty(真诚) to try and fail(试过而失败) salt and water(盐水) war and peace(战争与和平) when and where（何时何地） 等作主语时，谓语用单数。但有些带连词and 的省略结构形似单数，而意义为复数，随后的动词用复数。如： 1）Tom and Jack are students. 2）Both my sister and my brother like milk. 3）The singer and dancer is speaking at the meeting. 4）Bread and butter is healthful food. 5）The hammer and sickle was flying from a tall flagpole. 注意下面的句子 6）Good and bad taste are inculcated(灌输)by example.（好味道和差味道是尝出来的）7）What I say and think are no business of yours. 2. and 后加no构成复合主语时谓语动词用单数。如： All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.(只工作不玩耍，聪明也会变傻) 3. 结构one and a half +复数名词，谓语用单数。如： One and a half apples is left for you. 4.当and连接的并列名词词组带有each、every、no、many a 等词时，随后的动词通常用单数。但each放在由and连接的并列单数主语后面或修饰复数概念的主语时，谓语动词用复
高中英语语法知识点 主谓一致
考点 03 主谓一致
【命题解读】 在英语句子里，谓语受主语支配，其动词必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致，这就叫主 谓一致。近几年来，高考关于该内容的考查主要集中在语法形态一致、逻辑意义一致以及就 近一致三个方面上。 【命题预测】 主谓一致在高考中常与名词结合在一起进行综合考查，多以语法填空和短文改错的形 式出题，在完形填空中也会有所涉及，总体难度系数较低，纵观近年的高考真题，主谓一 致中的固定搭配是考查的重难点。预计 2018 年高考仍会沿袭这一命题规律。 【复习建议】 1. 掌握主谓一致的三个原则：语法形态一致、逻辑意义一致和就近一致； 2. 掌握主谓一致中的固定搭配； 3. 掌握定语从句中的主谓一致； 4. 掌握倒装句、强调句中的主谓一致。
高考主谓一致的知识结构 一致原则 考点详解 例句 His father is working on the farm. 1. 以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、 To study English well is not easy. 动名词短语或从句作主语时， 谓语动词一 语法一致 般用单数形式；主语为复数时，谓语动词 用复数形式。 The children were in the classroom two hours ago. Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes. What he said is very important for us all.
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Lucy and Lily are twins. 2. 由连接词 and 或 both …… and 连接起来 的合成主语后面， 要用复数形式的谓语动 词。 She and I are classmates. The boy and the girl were surprised when they heard the news. Both she and he are Young Pioneers. 3. 主语为单数名词或代词， 尽管后面跟有 with，together with，except，but，like， as well as， rather than， more than， no less than， besides，including 等引起的短语， playground. 谓语动词仍用单数形式；若主语为复数， 谓语用复数形式。 She，like you and Tom，is very tall. Mr. Green ， together with his wife and children，has come to China. Nobody but Jim and Mike was on the
4. either，neither，each，every 或 no + Each of us has a new book. 单数名词和由 some，any，no，every 构 Everything around us is matter. 成的复合不定代词，都作单数看待。
He is one of my friends who are working 5. 在定语从句中，关系代词 that，who， hard. which 等作主语时，其谓语动词的数应与 He is the only one of my friends who is 句中先行词的数一致。 working hard.
一致原则
考点详解 6. 如果集体名词指的是整个集体， 它的谓
例句 Class Four is on the third floor. Class Four are unable to agree upon a
语动词用单数；如果它指集体的成员，其 monitor. 谓语动词就用复数形式。 语法一致 这些词有 family, class, crowd, committee, population, audience 等。 注：people，police，cattle 等名词一般都 用作复数。如：The police are looking for the lost child. 7. 由“a lot of， lots of， plenty of， the rest of， There are a lot of people in the classroom.
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