潮流计算-英文文献
外文资料
Summary of power flow calculation
Power system is calculated on the trend of steady-state operation of the power system as a basis, it's running under the given conditions and determine the entire system wiring in various parts of the power system running: the voltage of the bus, all components of a mid-stream power, The power loss, and so on. Power system planning in the design and operation of the existing power system in the form of research, we need to calculate the trend of using quantitative analysis of comparative power programme or operation mode is reasonable. Reliability and economy. In addition, the power flow calculation is calculated static and dynamic stability of the foundation of stability. So the trend is calculated on the power system of a very important and very basis of calculation. Power flow calculation also divided into offline and online calculation of two terms, the former mainly used for system planning and design and organization of the operation mode, while the latter is running for the system of regular monitoring and real-time control. The use of electronic digital computer to calculate the trend of the power system from the mid-1950s has already begun. Power flow problems in mathematical calculation is a group of diverse non-linear equations to solve the problem, its solution can not be separated from iteration. Therefore, the flow calculation method, it requires first and foremost a reliable convergence, and give the correct answers. As the power system structure and parameters of some of the features, and with the continuous expansion of the power system, the trend of increasing order of the equation, so the formula is not any mathematical method can guarantee is given the correct answer. This calculation of the power system to become a staff continue to seek new and more reliable way of the important factors.
Use of digital computers in the power flow problems at the beginning, the general adoption of a node admittance matrix-based successive into the law. The principle of this method is relatively simple to compare the volume of digital computer memory, to the 1950s computer manufacturing level and then the power system theoretical level. However, it is convergence of the poor, when the system large-scale change, the sharp rise in the number of iteration in the calculation of convergence are often not the case iteration. This forced the staff to the power system to calculate impedance matrix-based successive into the law. Impedance method to improve the flow of the convergence of computing, the solution of the admittance system can not solve some of the trend, in the 1960s, access to a wide range of applications, has the power system design. Operational and research has made great contribution. At present, there are still
some in the power industry units impedance method to calculate the trend. Impedance of the main shortcomings of the occupation of the computer's memory, each iteration of the large amount of calculation. When the system continue to expand, the more prominent of these shortcomings. 16 K memory of a computer in the use of impedance method can only be calculated at 100 following the system, 32 K memory of the computer can only calculate 150 nodes under the system. In this way, many of the power system in order to use impedance method shall not be first on the trend of the system is the streamlining of work. In order to overcome resistance in memory and speed of the shortcomings of the mid-1960s to the development of the impedance matrix-based Block impedance. This approach to a large-scale system divided into several small regional system, the computer only need to store various parts of the system impedance matrix contact line between them and the resistance, not only substantial savings in memory capacity, but also improve the Computing speed.
Overcome the shortcomings of the impedance of hungry is another way to use Newton - Raphson method. This is the mathematics of nonlinear equations to solve the typical method, a better convergence. In resolving the issue of power flow calculation, is admittance matrix-based, therefore, as long as we can in the iterative process as much as possible to maintain the formula coefficient matrix sparse, and can greatly improve Newton's Law trend of the efficiency of procedures . Since the mid-1960s, Newton's law in the use of the best order of elimination, the Newton in convergence. Memory requirements. Speed all over the impedance, as the late 1960s after the widespread adoption of the excellent way.
Flow calculation flexibility and convenience of the request, the application of digital computers is also a very key issue. In the past for a long time, the power flow calculation relies on the Taiwan exchange. Taiwan simulates the exchange of power systems, computing platforms in the calculation of the trend of the exchange, calculated at any time surveillance systems can run different parts of the state to meet requirements, if they run certain parts of unreasonable, you can make adjustments immediately. In this way, the equivalent of the process on the computing staff lost operating system. Adjustment process is very intuitive, physical concept is very clear. When the use of digital computers to calculate the trend when it lost this visual. To make up for this shortcoming, the trend of the establishment of procedures to the extent possible, in terms of computer calculation in the process of strengthening the process of the computer monitor and control, and to facilitate a variety of modifications and adjustments. Power flow calculation is not a simple calculation, to run it as a form of adjustment may be more precise. In order to get a reasonable run, often need to keep in accordance with the results, modify the original data. In this sense, the trend in the preparation of our program, the ease of use and flexibility must be sufficient attention. Therefore, in addition to the requirements in various ways to modify as much
as possible. Adjustment, we must pay attention to input and output of convenience and flexibility, strengthening human-computer links, so that the calculation of staff to monitor timely and appropriate calculations to control the conduct of calculation .
Power flow calculation is a power system analysis of the most basic terms, the complex power system under normal and failure conditions steady-state running the calculation. The trend is calculated to strike a target in the power system to be running the calculation. That is, voltage and power distribution node, to check whether the components of the system overload. Voltage meets all requirements of the distribution and allocation of power is reasonable and the power loss, and so on. Of the existing power system operations and expansion, the new power system planning and design of the power system for static and transient stability of the trend are calculated as the basis. If the trend of the results available on steady-state power system, or estimate the optimal security, such as the trend of the flow calculation method and the model has a direct impact. The actual power system that the main trend of technology adoption Newton - Raphson method.
In the management of the operation mode, the trend of power grid operation mode is to determine the basic starting point in planning areas, the need for trend analysis verified the reasonableness of the plan in real-time operating environment, dispatchers, provided the trend of End-expected operating conditions in the power grid To check the trend of operational reliability. In the power system dispatching a number of areas related to the trend of grid computing. Electricity network is to determine the trend of running the basic factors, the trend is steady-state power system on the basis and prerequisite .
外文原文翻译
电力系统潮流计算综述
电力系统潮流计算是研究电力系统稳态运行情况的一种计算，它根据给定的运行条件及系统接线情况确定整个电力系统各部分的运行状态：各母线的电压，各元件中流过的功率，系统的功率损耗等等。在电力系统规划的设计和现有电力系统运行方式的研究中，都需要利用潮流计算来定量地分析比较供电方案或运行方式的合理性.可靠性和经济性。此外，电力系统潮流计算也是计算系统动态稳定和静态稳定的基础。所以潮流计算是研究电力系统的一种很重要和很基础的计算。电力系统潮流计算也分为离线计算和在线计算两种，前者主要用于系统规划设计和安排系统的运行方式，后者则用于正在运行系统的经常监视及实时控制。利用电子数字计算机进行电力系统潮流计算从50年代中期就已经开始。电力系统潮流计算问题在数学上是一组多元非线性方程式求解问题，其解法都离不开迭代。因此，对潮流计算方法，首先要求它能可靠地收敛，并给出正确答案。由于电力系统结构及参数的一些特点，并且随着电力系统不断扩大，潮流问题的方程式阶数越来越高，对这样的方程式并不是任何数学方法都能保证给出正确答案的。这种情况成为促使电力系统计算人员不断寻求新的更可靠方法的重要因素。
在用数字计算机解电力系统潮流问题的开始阶段，普遍采取以节点导纳矩阵为基础的逐次代入法。这个方法的原理比较简单，要求的数字计算机内存量比较下，适应50年代电子计算机制造水平和当时电力系统理论水平。但它的收敛性较差，当系统规模变大时，迭代次数急剧上升，在计算中往往出现迭代不收敛的情况。这就迫使电力系统计算人员转向以阻抗矩阵为基础的逐次代入法。阻抗法改善了系统潮流计算问题的收敛性，解决了导纳法无法求解的一些系统的潮流计算，在60年代获得了广泛的应用，曾为电力系统设计.运行和研究作出了很大的贡献。目前，电力工业中仍有一些单位采用阻抗法计算潮流。阻抗法的主要缺点是占用计算机内存大，每次迭代的计算量大。当系统不断扩大时，这些缺点就更加突出。一个内存16K的计算机在采用阻抗法时只能计算100以下的系统，32K内存的计算机也只能计算150个节点以下的系统。这样，很多电力系统为了采用阻抗法计算潮流就不得不予先对系统进行相当的简化工作。为了克服阻抗法在内存和速度方面的缺点，60年代中期发展了以阻抗矩阵为基础的分块阻抗法。这个方法把一个大系统分割为几个小的地区系统，在计算机内只需要存储各个地区系统的阻抗矩阵及它们之间联络线的阻抗，这样不仅大幅度地节省了内存容量，同时也提高了计算速度。
克服阻抗法缺点的饿另一途径是采用牛顿-拉夫逊法。这是数学中解决非线性方程式的典型方法，有较好的收敛性。在解决电力系统潮流计算问题时，是以导纳矩阵为基础的，因此，只要我们能在迭代过程中尽可能保持方程式系数矩阵的稀疏性，就可以大大提高牛顿法潮流程序的效率。自从60年代中期，在牛顿法中利用了最佳顺序消去法以后，牛顿法在收敛性.内存要求.速度方面都超过了阻抗法，成为60年代末期以后广泛采用的优秀方
法。
潮流计算灵活性和方便性的要求，对数字计算机的应用也是一个很关键的问题。过去在很长时间内，电力系统潮流计算是借助于交流台进行的。交流台模拟了电力系统，因此在交流计算台上计算潮流时，计算人员可以随时监视系统各部分运行状态是否满足要求，如发现某些部分运行不合理，则可以立即进行调整。这样，计算的过程就相当于运算人员丢系统进行操作.调整的过程，非常直观，物理概念也很清楚。当利用数字计算机进行潮流计算时，就失去了这种直观性。为了弥补这个缺点，潮流程序的编制必须尽可能使计算人员在计算机计算的过程中加强对计算机过程的监视和控制，并便于作各种修改和调整。电力系统潮流计算问题并不是单纯的计算问题，把它当作一个运行方式的调整问题可能更为确切。为了得到一个合理的运行方式，往往需要不断根据计算结果，修改原始数据。在这个意义上，我们在编制潮流计算程序时，对使用的方便性和灵活性必须予以足够的重视。因此，除了要求计算方法尽可能适应各种修改.调整以外，还要注意输入和输出的方便性和灵活性，加强人机联系，以便使计算人员能及时监视计算过程并适当地控制计算的进行。
电力系统潮流计算是电力系统分析中的一种最基本的计算，是对复杂电力系统正常和故障条件下稳态运行状态的计算。潮流计算的目标是求取电力系统在给定运行状态的计算。即节点电压和功率分布，用以检查系统各元件是否过负荷.各点电压是否满足要求，功率的分布和分配是否合理以及功率损耗等。对现有电力系统的运行和扩建，对新的电力系统进行规划设计以及对电力系统进行静态和暂态稳定分析都是以潮流计算为基础。潮流计算结果可用如电力系统稳态研究，安全估计或最优潮流等对潮流计算的模型和方法有直接影响。实际电力系统的潮流技术那主要采用牛顿-拉夫逊法。
在运行方式管理中，潮流是确定电网运行方式的基本出发点；在规划领域，需要进行潮流分析验证规划方案的合理性；在实时运行环境，调度员潮流提供了电完个在预想操作情况下电网的潮流分布以校验运行可靠性。在电力系统调度运行的多个领域都涉及到电网潮流计算。潮流是确定电力网络运行状态的基本因素，潮流问题是研究电力系统稳态问题的基础和前提。
当今最潮的英语翻译
伪球迷biased fans 紧身服straitjacket 团购group buying 奉子成婚shortgun marriage 婚前性行为premartial sex 开博to open a blog 家庭暴力family volience 问题家具problem furniture 炫富flaunt wealth 决堤breaching of the dike 上市list share 赌球soccer gambling 桑拿天sauna weather 自杀Dutch act 假发票fake invoice 落后产能outdated capacity 二房东middleman landlord 入园难kindergarten crunch 生态补偿ecological compensation 金砖四国BRIC countries 笑料laughing stock 泰国香米Thai fragrant rice 学历造假fabricate academic credentials 泄洪release flood waters 狂热的gaga eg: I was gaga over his deep blue eyes when I first set eyes on him 防暑降温补贴high temperature subsidy 暗淡前景bleak prospects 文艺爱情片chick flick 惊悚电影slasher flick 房奴车奴mortgage slave 上课开小差zone out 万事通know-it-all 毕业典礼commencement 散伙饭farewell dinner 毕业旅行after-graduation trip 节能高效的fuel-efficient 具有时效性的time-efficient 死记硬背cramming 很想赢be hungry for success 面子工程face job 捉迷藏play tag 射手榜top-scorer list 学历门槛academic threshold 女学究blue stocking
参考文献(Bibliography)格式的具体说明
参考文献(Bibliography)格式和要求的具体说明 一、总体格式和要求 1.本科毕业论文的参考文献页应该单独起页。 2.参考文献的数量不得少于10项，必须要有外文条目。 3.参考文献一般应包括尾注的所有条目，另外还可以列入自己读过的、对论文写作影响较大但未引用的文献。 4.参考文献中如兼有多语种条目，则应分开排列，先外语后中文。外语条目按照文献条目首词字母排序，中 文条目按照文献开头的拼音排序；如文献开头的字母或拼音相同，依序参照其后的字母或拼音排序。 5.参考文献同一个条目内部不可中英文夹杂，一般应与文献使用的语种一致，要么用英文，要么用中文书写。 6.英文文献字体是Times New Roman，使用英文标点符号；汉语文献字体是宋体，采用中文标点符号。 7.参考文献须悬挂缩进，即每一条目的第二行开始缩进5字符。 8.参考文献按1.5倍行距排列，不同条目之间空一行。 9.英文条目各部分的首字母需要大写，文献中的实词和超过5个字母的介词也需要首字母大写。 二、作者部分的写法 1. 英文参考文献中作者部分的写法： 作者姓氏, 首名中名. 如不是为了区别重名的不同作者，中名可省略。 例如：Shatzkin, Leonard. In Cold Type: Overcoming the Book Crisis. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1982. 首名、中名可用首字母加实心点缩略表示： Shatzkin, L.. In Cold Type: Overcoming the Book Crisis. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1982. 如有多个作者，从第二个作者开始姓、名不颠倒，即：作者1姓氏, 首名中名, and 作者2首名中名姓氏：Shatzkin, L., Stephen Crane, and Michael Jackson. In Cold Type: Overcoming the Book Crisis. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1982. 2．中文参考文献中作者部分的写法： 作者姓名，后接空格。 如：廖七一“庞德与胡适诗歌翻译的文化思考”，《外国语》2003（6），第54－59页。 多个作者：桂诗春、宁春岩《XXXXX》，北京：外语教学与研究出版社，1997。 编著：桂诗春、宁春岩主编《语言学方法论》，北京：外语教学与研究出版社，1997。 译著：尤金·奈达著，严久生译《语言文化与翻译》，呼和浩特：内蒙古大学出版社，1998。 3. 若著者为公司或机构时，直接将公司或机构作为作者： 英文文献： Sichuan International Studies University. In Cold Type: Overcoming the Book Crisis. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1982. 中文文献： 中国对外翻译出版公司《诗词翻译的艺术》，北京：中国对外翻译出版公司，1987。 三、英文参考文献的格式 1.专著
新技术云计算外文文献
云计算——新兴的计算技术 摘要：云计算是涉及通过互联网提供托管服务的总称。这些服务大致分为三类：基础设施即服务（IaaS）、平台即服务（PaaS）和软件即服务（SaaS）。云计算这个名字的灵感来自于云符号经常用来代表在互联网上流程图和图表。这是在继主机计算、个人电脑计算、客户端服务器计算和Web计算之后的第五代计算技术。本文将围绕云计算进行讨论。 关键词：云计算，IaaS（基础设施即服务），PaaS的（平台即服务），SaaS（软件即服务） 1引言 云服务有三个鲜明的特点区别于传统的主机服务模式，它们分别是：云服务的出售通常按分钟或小时收取费用；云服务是有弹性的，一个用户可以在不同的时间拥有可多可少的服务；云服务完全由供应商托管（消费者只需要通过个人电脑和互联网就可以使用）。虚拟化的重大创新、分布式计算的发展，以及高速互联网的建设和经济的衰落，都加速了对云计算的兴趣。 云可以是私有的或公有的。公有云向互联网上的任何人销售（目前，亚马逊的网络服务是最大的公有云服务提供商）。私有云是一个专有网络或数据中心，向一部分人提供托管服务。当服务提供商使用公有云资源来创建自己的私有云，这样的结果被称为虚拟化的私有云。私有云或公共云的云计算目标是提供方便的、可扩展的计算资源和IT服务[1]。 2云计算的优势 云计算具有的优势是什么？ (a)最小化的资本开支 (b)位置和设备独立性 答案：供应商的视角：申请厂商更容易吸引新客户。 (a)提供最低成本的方法和配套应用； (b)能够使用商品服务器和存储硬件； 3云计算的障碍 从客户的视角来看，云计算的障碍有： (a)数据安全； (b)很多客户不希望他们的数据迁移到可以信任的“云”上； (c)数据必须进行本地保留； (d)延迟； (e)云可以走多少毫秒； (f)不是实时应用的理想选择； (g)应用程序可用性； (h)无法通过现有的传统应用进行切换； (i)等效的云应用不存在； 总结，并非所有的应用程序都要工作在公共云之上。
50个很潮的英文单词
发表日期：2015-09-29 07:48 来源：80后励志网编辑：80后点击：3321次 文章标签: 英语名言教育好文读书励志英语教育 文章导读:英语是国际性的语言，英语在我们的生活中使用率也越来越高，下面这50个很潮的英文单词，年轻人一定要学会哦！ 50个很潮的英文单词，年轻人一定要学会！ 1.预约券 reservation ticket 2.下午茶 high tea 3.微博 Microblog/ Tweets 4.裸婚 naked wedding 5.亚健康 sub-health 6.平角裤 boxers 7.愤青 young cynic 8.灵魂伴侣 soul mate 9.小白脸 toy boy 10.精神出轨 soul infidelity 11.人肉搜索 flesh search 12.浪女 dillydally girl 13.公司政治 company politics 14.剩女 3S lady(single，seventies,stuck)/left girls 15.山寨 copycat 16.异地恋 long-distance relationship 17.性感妈妈 yummy mummy ; milf(回复中指出的~) 18.钻石王老五 diamond bachelor;most eligible bachelor 20.时尚达人 fashion icon 21.御宅 otaku 22.上相的,上镜头的 photogenic 23.脑残体 leetspeak 24.学术界 academic circle 25.哈证族 certificate maniac 26.偶像派 idol type 27.住房公积金 housing funds 28.个税起征点 inpidual income tax threshold 29.熟女 cougar(源自电影Cougar Club) 30.挑食者 picky-eater 31.伪球迷 fake fans 32.紧身服 straitjacket 33.团购 group buying 34.奉子成婚 shotgun marriage 35.婚前性行为 premarital sex 36.开博 to open a blog 37.家庭暴力 family/domestic violence (由回复更正) 38.问题家具 problem furniture
中英文参考文献格式
中文参考文献格式 参考文献（即引文出处）的类型以单字母方式标识： M——专著，C——论文集，N——报纸文章，J——期刊文章，D——学位论文，R——报告，S——标准，P——专利；对于不属于上述的文献类型，采用字母“Z”标识。 参考文献一律置于文末。其格式为： （一）专著 示例 [1] 张志建.严复思想研究[M]. 桂林：广西师范大学出版社，1989. [2] 马克思恩格斯全集：第1卷[M]. 北京：人民出版社，1956. [3] [英]蔼理士.性心理学[M]. 潘光旦译注.北京：商务印书馆，1997. （二）论文集 示例 [1] 伍蠡甫.西方文论选[C]. 上海：上海译文出版社，1979. [2] 别林斯基.论俄国中篇小说和果戈里君的中篇小说[A]. 伍蠡甫.西方文论选：下册[C]. 上海：上海译文出版社，1979. 凡引专著的页码，加圆括号置于文中序号之后。 （三）报纸文章 示例 [1] 李大伦.经济全球化的重要性[N]. 光明日报，1998-12-27，（3） （四）期刊文章 示例 [1] 郭英德.元明文学史观散论[J]. 北京师范大学学报（社会科学版），1995（3）. （五）学位论文 示例 [1] 刘伟.汉字不同视觉识别方式的理论和实证研究[D]. 北京：北京师范大学心理系，1998. （六）报告 示例 [1] 白秀水，刘敢，任保平. 西安金融、人才、技术三大要素市场培育与发展研究[R]. 西安：陕西师范大学西北经济发展研究中心，1998. （七）、对论文正文中某一特定内容的进一步解释或补充说明性的注释，置于本页地脚，前面用圈码标识。 参考文献的类型 根据GB3469-83《文献类型与文献载体代码》规定，以单字母标识： M——专著（含古籍中的史、志论著） C——论文集 N——报纸文章 J——期刊文章 D——学位论文 R——研究报告 S——标准 P——专利 A——专著、论文集中的析出文献 Z——其他未说明的文献类型 电子文献类型以双字母作为标识： DB——数据库 CP——计算机程序 EB——电子公告
最新云计算中侧信道攻击的防御-毕业论文外文翻译整理
附录一英文文献 Security against Side Channel Attack in Cloud Computing Bhrugu Sevak Abstract--Cloud computing is a word that delivering hosted service over the internet. Cloud computing has been ideate as the next generation architecture of IT enterprise ecause of it’s provides ubiquitous network, cost reducing, flexibility and scalability to users. Now days with the fast growing of cloud computing technology introduces new more vulnerabilities so security is considered to be one of the most critical aspect in clod computing environment due to the confidential and important information stored in the cloud. As per AMAZONE EC2 service case study it is possible to identify the particular target VM(virtual machine) in internal cloud infrastructure and then placed new VM with targeted VM and extract confidential information from targeted VM on same physical machine called as simple side channel attack. This paper introduces how to avert the side channel attack in cloud computing. This is accomplished by using combination of Virtual firewall appliance and randomly encryption decryption (using concept of confusion diffusion) and provide RAS (Reliability, Availability, and Security) of client’s data or information. Keywords--Cloud computing, side channel attack, Amazon EC2 service case study, virtual firewall appliance, randomly encryption decryption. I. INTRODUCTION Cloud computing is a word that delivering hosted service over the internet.
英语毕业论文引用和参考文献格式
英语毕业论文引用和参考文献格式 英语专业毕业论文引用和参考文献格式采用APA格式及规。 一、文中夹注格式 英语学位论文引用别人的观点、方法、言论必须注明出处，注明出处时使用括号夹注的方法（一般不使用脚注或者尾注），且一般应在正文后面的参考文献中列出。关于夹注，采用APA格式。 （一）引用整篇文献的观点 引用整篇文献（即全书或全文）观点时有两种情况： 1.作者的姓氏在正文中没有出现，如： Charlotte and Emily Bronte were polar opposites, not only in their personalities but in their sources of inspiration for writing (Taylor, 1990). 2. 作者的姓氏已在正文同一句中出现，如： Taylor claims that Charlotte and Emily Bronte were polar opposites, not only in their personalities but in their sources of inspiration for writing (1990). 3. 如果作者的姓氏和文献出版年份均已在正文同一句中出现，按APA的规不需使用括号夹注，如： In a 1990 article, Taylor claims that Charlotte and Emily Bronte were polar opposites, not only in their personalities but in their sources of inspiration for writing. 4. 在英文撰写的论文中引用中文著作或者期刊，括号夹注中只需用汉语拼音标明作者的姓氏，不得使用汉字，如：(Zhang, 2005) （二）引用文献中具体观点或文字 引用文献中某一具体观点或文字时必须注明该观点或者该段文字出现的页码出版年份，没有页码是文献引用不规的表现。 1.引用一位作者的文献 （1）引用容在一页，如： Emily Bronte “expressed increasing hostility for the world of human relationships, whether sexual or social” (Taylor, 1988：11). （2）引用容在多页上，如： Newmark (1988：39-40) notes three characteristically expressive text-types: (a) serious imaginative literature (e.g. lyrical poetry); (b) authoritative statements (political speeches and documents, statutes and legal documents, philosophical and academic works by acknowledged authorities); (c) autobiography, essays, personal correspondence (when these are personal effusions).
Hadoop云计算外文翻译文献
Hadoop云计算外文翻译文献 (文档含中英文对照即英文原文和中文翻译) 原文: Meet Hadoop In pioneer days they used oxen for heavy pulling, and when one ox couldn’t budge a log, they didn’t try to grow a larger ox. We shouldn’t be trying for bigger computers, but for more systems of computers. —Grace Hopper Data! We live in the data age. It’s not easy to measure the total volume of data stored electronically, but an IDC estimate put the size of the “digital universe” at 0.18 zettabytes in
2006, and is forecasting a tenfold growth by 2011 to 1.8 zettabytes. A zettabyte is 1021 bytes, or equivalently one thousand exabytes, one million petabytes, or one billion terabytes. That’s roughly the same order of magnitude as one disk drive for every person in the world. This flood of data is coming from many sources. Consider the following: ? The New York Stock Exchange generates about one terabyte of new trade data per day. ? Facebook hosts approximately 10 billion photos, taking up one petabyte of storage. ? https://www.360docs.net/doc/7210717939.html,, the genealogy site, stores around 2.5 petabytes of data. ? The Internet Archive stores around 2 petabytes of data, and is growing at a rate of 20 terabytes per month. ? The Large Hadron Collider near Geneva, Switzerland, will produce about 15 petabytes of data per year. So there’s a lot of data out there. But you are probably wondering how it affects you. Most of the data is locked up in the largest web properties (like search engines), or scientific or financial institutions, isn’t it? Does the advent of “Big Data,” as it is being called, affect smaller organizations or individuals? I argue that it does. Take photos, for example. My wife’s grandfather was an avid photographer, and took photographs throughout his adult life. His entire corpus of medium format, slide, and 35mm film, when scanned in at high-resolution, occupies around 10 gigabytes. Compare this to the digital photos that my family took last year,which take up about 5 gigabytes of space. My family is producing photographic data at 35 times the rate my wife’s grandfather’s did, and the rate is increasing every year as it becomes easier to take more and more photos. More generally, the digital streams that individuals are producing are growing apace. Microsoft Research’s MyLifeBits project gives a glimpse of archiving of pe rsonal information that may become commonplace in the near future. MyLifeBits was an experiment where an individual’s interactions—phone calls, emails, documents were captured electronically and stored for later access. The data gathered included a photo taken every minute, which resulted in an overall data volume of one gigabyte a month. When storage costs come down enough to make it feasible to store continuous audio and video, the data volume for a future MyLifeBits service will be many times that.
50个很潮的英文单词
50个很潮的英文单词，年轻人一定要学会！ 发表日期：2015-09-29 07:48 来源：80后励志网编辑：80后点击：3321次 文章标签: 英语名言教育好文读书励志英语教育 文章导读:英语是国际性的语言，英语在我们的生活中使用率也越来越高，下面这50个很潮的英文单词，年轻人一定要学会哦！ 50个很潮的英文单词，年轻人一定要学会！ 1.预约券 reservation ticket 2.下午茶 high tea 3.微博 Microblog/ Tweets 4.裸婚 naked wedding 5.亚健康 sub-health 6.平角裤 boxers 7.愤青 young cynic 8.灵魂伴侣 soul mate 9.小白脸 toy boy 10.精神出轨 soul infidelity 11.人肉搜索 flesh search 12.浪女 dillydally girl 13.公司政治 company politics 14.剩女 3S lady(single，seventies,stuck)/left girls 15.山寨 copycat 16.异地恋 long-distance relationship 17.性感妈妈 yummy mummy ; milf(回复中指出的~) 18.钻石王老五 diamond bachelor;most eligible bachelor
20.时尚达人 fashion icon 21.御宅 otaku 22.上相的,上镜头的 photogenic 23.脑残体 leetspeak 24.学术界 academic circle 25.哈证族 certificate maniac 26.偶像派 idol type 27.住房公积金 housing funds 28.个税起征点 inpidual income tax threshold 29.熟女 cougar(源自电影Cougar Club) 30.挑食者 picky-eater 31.伪球迷 fake fans 32.紧身服 straitjacket 33.团购 group buying 34.奉子成婚 shotgun marriage 35.婚前性行为 premarital sex 36.开博 to open a blog 37.家庭暴力 family/domestic violence (由回复更正) 38.问题家具 problem furniture 39.炫富 flaunt wealth 40.决堤 breaching of the dike 41.上市 list share 42.赌球 soccer gambling 43.桑拿天 sauna weather 44.自杀 Dutch act 45.假发票 fake invoice 46.落后产能 outdated capacity 47.二房东 middleman landlord 48.入园难 kindergarten crunch 49.生态补偿 ecological compensation 50.金砖四国 BRIC countrie
时尚潮流英文句子
时尚潮流英文句子 1、Fashion,isakindofaestheticview.Brotherisapunk,yousatisfied 时尚，就是一种审美观。哥就朋克，你不服吗? 2、Wheatcolorskintoahealthysenseofvitality,wearingNikeacomple tesetofpurewhitepinkedgesportswear,thetinycurlybrownhairti edinarelaxedandlivelybraids,alwaystheconfidenceofcuteexpres sions. 小麦色的皮肤给人一种健康活力的感觉，穿着耐克的一整套的纯白带粉色边运动服，微卷的褐色头发扎成一个轻松活泼的辫子，总是那自信可爱的表情。 3、Devilkillerbody,alargewavygoldenhairshine,slenderlegswearin gayellowgooseminiskirts,showfigureoftheperfect. 魔鬼般惹火的身材，一头大波浪形金黄卷发发出耀眼的光芒，修长的大腿穿着一条鹅黄色的超短迷你裙，显出身材的完美绝伦。 4、Whitecapsetheruplonghairandhalfofhisfaceisobscured,butfelts hemustbeverybeautiful,breathtakingbeauty!
白色的鸭舌帽把她那盘起的长发和半张脸都给遮住了，但能感觉出她一定很漂亮，惊人的漂亮! 5、Fashionisnotonlyakindofappearance,oraninner,popularmaynot besuitableforyou,butaccordingtotheirowncharacteristicstodre ssupyourself,youbelongtothatkind,mature,lady,orsimpleandna tural,orpure,ormovement,afactthatcanallbefashionable. 时尚不光是一种外表，还是一种内在，时下流行的不一定都适合你，而是要根据自身的特点来打扮自己，看你属于那一种类型，成熟的，淑女的，还是简单自然的，还是清纯的，还是运动的，其实那一种都可以是时尚的。 6、Hip-hop,cowboywind,andthewindwindwind,occupation,fur,all-match,hippie,ladiesfashion,Korean,Japanese,whatisitFashionist heurbanspeciallogo,isacityinthevastcityofspecialpsychological needs. 嘻哈风、牛仔风、欧美风、职业风、皮草风、百搭、嘻皮、淑女、韩流、哈日，（next88）时尚到底是什么?时尚其实是都市特殊的标志，是都市人在纷繁芜杂的城市中特殊的心理需要。 7、Wearingablueskirt,microstripwheatcolorskinlookssohealthy,bl ackhairlikeawaterfallverticallyovertheshoulders,withareddishfa
英文引用及参考文献格式要求
英文引用及参考文献格式要求 一、参考文献的类型 参考文献（即引文出处）的类型以单字母方式标识，具体如下： M——专著C——论文集N——报纸文章 J——期刊文章D——学位论文R——报告 对于不属于上述的文献类型，采用字母“Z”标识。 对于英文参考文献，还应注意以下两点： ①作者姓名采用“姓在前名在后”原则，具体格式是：姓，名字的首字母.如：MalcolmRichardCowley应为：Cowley,M.R.，如果有两位作者，第一位作者方式不变，&之后第二位作者名字的首字母放在前面，姓放在后面，如：FrankNorris与IrvingGordon应为：Norris,F.&I.Gordon.； ②书名、报刊名使用斜体字，如：MasteringEnglishLiterature，EnglishWeekly。 二、参考文献的格式及举例 1.期刊类 【格式】[序号]作者.篇名[J].刊名，出版年份，卷号（期号）：起止页码. 【举例】 [1]王海粟.浅议会计信息披露模式[J].财政研究，2004,21(1)：56-58. [2]夏鲁惠.高等学校毕业论文教学情况调研报告[J].高等理科教育，2004(1):46-52. [3]Heider,E.R.&D.C.Oliver.Thestructureofcolorspaceinnamingandme moryoftwolanguages[J].ForeignLanguageTeachingandResearch,1999,(3):6 2–67. 2.专著类 【格式】[序号]作者.书名[M].出版地：出版社，出版年份：起止页码. 【举例】[4]葛家澍，林志军.现代西方财务会计理论[M].厦门：厦门大学出版社，2001：42. [5]Gill,R.MasteringEnglishLiterature[M].London:Macmillan,1985:4 2-45. 3.报纸类 【格式】[序号]作者.篇名[N].报纸名，出版日期（版次）. 【举例】 [6]李大伦.经济全球化的重要性[N].光明日报，1998-12-27(3). [7]French,W.BetweenSilences:AVoicefromChina[N].AtlanticWeekly,1 98715(33). 4.论文集 【格式】[序号]作者.篇名[C].出版地：出版者，出版年份：起始页码. 【举例】 [8]伍蠡甫.西方文论选[C].上海：上海译文出版社，1979：12-17. [9]Spivak,G.“CantheSubalternSpeak?”[A].InC.Nelson&L.Grossberg (eds.).VictoryinLimbo:Imigism[C].Urbana:UniversityofIllinoisPress,1 988,pp.271-313.
互联网金融对传统金融业的影响外文文献翻译
互联网金融对传统金融业的影响外文文献翻译(文档含中英文对照即英文原文和中文翻译) 译文： 互联网金融对传统金融业的影响 摘要 网络的发展，深刻地改变甚至颠覆了许多传统行业，金融业也不例外。近年来，金融业成为继商业分销、传媒之后受互联网影响最为深远的领域，许多基于互联网的金融服务模式应运而生，并对传统金融业产生了深刻的影响和巨大的冲击。“互联网金融”成为社会各界关注的焦点。 互联网金融低成本、高效率、关注用户体验，这些特点使其能够充分满足传统金融“长尾市场”的特殊需求，灵活提供更为便捷、高
效的金融服务和多样化的金融产品，大大拓展了金融服务的广度和深度，缩短了人们在时空上的距离，建立了一种全新的金融生态环境；可以有效整合、利用零散的时间、信息、资金等碎片资源，积少成多，形成规模效益，成为各类金融服务机构新的利润增长点。此外，随着互联网金融的不断渗透和融合，将给传统金融行业带来新的挑战和机遇。互联网金融可以促进传统银行业的转型，弥补传统银行在资金处理效率、信息整合等方面的不足；为证券、保险、基金、理财产品的销售与推广提供新渠道。对于很多中小企业来说，互联网金融拓展了它们的融资渠道，大大降低了融资门槛，提高了资金的使用效率。但是，互联网金融的跨行业性决定了它的风险因素更为复杂、敏感、多变，因此要处理好创新发展与市场监管、行业自律的关系。 关键词：互联网金融；商业银行；影响；监管 1 引言 互联网技术的不断发展，云计算、大数据、社交网络等越来越多的互联网应用为传统行业的业务发展提供了有力支持，互联网对传统行业的渗透程度不断加深。20世纪末，微软总裁比尔盖茨就曾断言，“传统商业银行会成为新世纪的恐龙”。如今，随着互联网电子信息技术的发展，我们真切地感受到了这种趋势，移动支付、电子银行早已在我们的日常生活中占据了重要地位。 由于互联网金融的概念几乎完全来自于商业实践，因此目前的研究多集中在探讨互联网金融的具体模式上，而对传统金融行业的影响力分析和应对措施则缺乏系统性研究。互联网与金融行业一向是风险
潮语俚语英语翻译词典
1)特困生super-sleepy students 2)讨债人debt collector 3)老赖deadbeat 4)另类offbeat 5)蕾丝边lesbian 6)油条flirtatious boy 7)晒黑族injustice exposer 8)新新人类new-new generation 9)麦霸microphone monopolist 10)楼主thread starter 11)姐弟恋cradle snatcher 12)达人pro/doyen 13)潮人trendsetter 14)性情中人unsophisticated person 15)钻石王老五diamond bachelor 16)毒枭drug lord 17)菜鸟rookie/novice 18)三夹板sandwich husband 19)熟女sophisticated lady 20)型男metro-sexual men 21)作女high-maintenance woman 22)潜规则hidden rule 23)傍大款live off a moneybags 24)爆料tip off/blow the whistle 25)拆烂污mess up knowingly 26)强档prime time 27)哑巴亏take it on the chin 28)找不着北lose one’s bearings 29)不折腾Don’t stir up turmoil. 30)双规double designation 31)高考状元college entrance exam ace 32)走光wardrobe malfunction 33)开光consecrate/bless/deify 34)骨感型boney clan 35)素人layman, bungler 36)敲门砖door opener, stepping stone 37)淘客online shopper 38)内鬼inner culprit 39)死党sworn friend 40)名嘴popular TV presenter 41)老娘舅avuncular arbitrator 42)奔奔族car-less drivers 43)考托exam scalper 44)医托hospital scalper, hospital stoolie
英语时髦词汇(最新)(最全)
山寨copycatting “山寨”是依靠抄袭、模仿、恶搞等手段发展壮大起来，反权威、反主流且带有狂欢性、解构性、反智性以及后现代表征的亚文化的大众文化现象。 This Chinese term literally refers to the mountain strongholds of bandits. First borrowed to describe rip-off products, it has evolved to refer also to homemade products, such as video parodies of movies。 囧be sunk/sunken 网义：郁闷、悲伤、无奈、无语等等，示意很好很强大，指处境困迫，喻尴尬，为难。This is an ancient Chinese character, pronounced jiong. It means "light shining through a window". Young Chinese use it to express embarrassment, or a bad mood. Look at the character. Doesn't it look like a disappointed face? 很黄很暴力very pornographic, very violent 网络流行语，语出2007年12月27日CCTV新闻联播一则关于净化网络视听的新闻里，一个名叫张殊凡的小学生接受央视记者采访时说道：“上次我上网查资料，突然弹出来一个网页，很黄很暴力，我赶紧把它给关了。” During a CCTV interview about a new Internet censorship regulation, a girl said that an uncensored We b page once popped up onher computer. She called it "very pornographic, very violent". Somebelieve the girl was told to say it by CCTV, so it is now used to mockthe way the network covers news。 槑nuts 网络热词，音同“梅”，字由二呆组成，故成为形容人比呆还呆的意思。 Pronounced méi, the word is a variant of the word for "梅". Butit also looks like a double version of the character 呆(dai)，which means stupid. So netizens have borrowed it to mean "very silly or very stupid"。 叉腰肌Psoas muscle 叉腰肌即髂腰肌8月17日8时30分，中国女足在香河基地进行了奥运会的赛后总结。队员们都按要求进行了书面总结报告，部分队员难忍出局的命运当场痛哭，场面甚为感人。但就在这种气氛中，最后一个发言的中国足协副主席谢亚龙却打破这种局面，指责中国女足简直就是“无斗志无能力”的反面典型队伍。 他以巴西队为例教育中国球员：“人家巴西队技术那么好，大牌那么多，人家却在晚上11点去酒店健身房练力量，你们什么时候练过？”越说越气的谢亚龙提出了一个专业名词——“叉腰肌”，他指出，中国女足身体肌群中最需要训练的是“叉腰肌”，但姑娘们并不知道他所说的这个肌肉部位在哪里。 随后“叉腰肌”在网络上如雨后春笋般流行起来。 Xie Yalong, the former head of the Chinese Football Association, once criticized women players, saying they have weak Psoasmuscles. (This is the muscle that links the trunk to the legs; it'simportant for motion。) However, nobody, including the players, knewwhere the muscle is. This quote is now used to mock Xie, who wasrecently removed from his position。 打酱油get some soy sauce