高中英语必修五Unit2课文详细讲解

高中英语必修五Unit2课文详细讲解
高中英语必修五Unit2课文详细讲解

必修五Unit 2 PUZZLES IN GEOGRAPHY地理之谜I.Vocabulary

unite vi. &vt.联合;团结

the United Kingdom联合王国(英)

consist vi.组成;一致consist of 由…组成

divide …into…把…分成

puzzle n.难题;迷vt.使迷惑debate vi. & n. 争论;辩论clarify vt.澄清;阐明

break away (from)挣脱(束缚);脱离

the Union Jack英国国旗relation n.关系;联系educational adj.教育的

legal adj.法律的;合法的convenience n.便利;方便roughly adv.粗略地;粗糙地Midlands 英格兰中部地区Industrial adj.工业的;产业的historical adj.历史上的;有关历史

attraction n.吸引;吸引力;吸引人

的事物

collection n.收藏品;珍藏;收

construct vt.建造;构造;创立

influence vt.影响;改变n.

Viking n.北欧海盗

leave out 省去;遗漏;不考虑

project n.科研学习项目;课题;计

划;工程

take the place of代替

break down (机器)损坏;破坏

arrange vt.筹备;安排;整理

wedding n.婚礼

fold vt.折叠;对折

sightseeing n.观光;游览

available adj.可利用的;有用的

delight n.快乐;高兴;喜悦

royal adj.王室的;皇家的

occasion n.场合;时刻;时机

uniform n.制服

splendid adj.壮丽的;辉煌的;极好

statue n.塑像;雕像

longitude n.经线;经度

navigation n.导航;航行

communism n.共产主义

original adj.最初的;原始的;

thrill vt.使激动;使胆战心惊

unfair adj.不公平的;违反规划

smart adj.漂亮的;时髦的;聪明的

tense n.时态

consistent adj.一致的

error n.错误;过失;谬误

pot n.罐;壶

II. Reading PUZZLES IN GEOGRAPHY地理之谜

People may wonder why different words are used to describe

these four countries: England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland.

人们也许会奇怪:为什么用不同的词汇来描述这四个国家:英国、威尔士、苏格

兰和北爱尔兰。【注释:①wonder v.tr.(及物动词)To feel curiosity or be in

doubt about:感到好奇或怀疑:eg. He wondered why people built ugly

homes, when they could have beautiful ones.他很奇怪为什么人们本可以造出漂亮的房屋,而偏偏建造出丑陋的房子来。n. It's a wonder难得;奇怪的是eg. It's a wonder you recognized me.难得你还认得我。(2)(It's) no wonder难怪;并不奇怪;当然eg. No wonder he is not hungry; he has been eating sweets all day.难怪他不饿,他整天在吃糖果。②use sth. to do …用…做…; eg. You’d better

use a stick to stir the paint. 你最好用棒来搅漆。】You can clarify this question if you study British history.如果你研究英国历史,就能阐明这个问题。【注释:clarify:解释;澄清;阐明eg. The

government has time and again clarified its position on equal pay for women?政府已经反复阐明政府对男女同工同酬的立场。】

First there was England.首先有英格兰。Wales was linked to it in the thirteenth century.13世纪,威尔士加入进来。【注释:link vt., vi.(常与together, to, with连用)连接eg.

The two towns are linked by a railway.这两个城镇由一条铁路连接起来。(2)挽着;(与on, to, in to连用)联合】Now when people refer to England, you find Wales included as well.现在,当人们

谈到英格兰,你就会发现威尔士也包括进来。【注释:①refer to谈到;speak of, mention这三个词均表示“谈到;说起”,其主语均为“sb.”,而come to表示“谈到”讲时,仅用于句型“when it comes to sb./ sth.” “当一谈到…”试题:

When it ___ music, Kate is always excited. A.refers to B. speaks of C. mentions D.

comes to

②as well也,倒不如, 还是...的好,最好...还是(It will be as well to stop that young screamer. 但是最好还是让那个大哭大叫的孩子住声。)】Next England and Wales were joined to Scotland in the seventeenth century and the name was changed to "Great Britain". 接下来,在17世

纪,英格兰和威尔士加入到苏格兰,名字改为“大英帝国”。【注释:be joined: To put or bring into close association or relationship:使结合,缔交:使…结合或联合形成密切联系或关系eg. they were

joined by marriage;.他们结成夫妻;】Happily this was accomplished without conflict when King James of Scotland became King of England and Wales as well.高兴的是,当苏格兰国

王詹姆斯成为英格兰和威尔士国王时,也是在没有发生冲突的情况下完成的。【注释:accomplish完成eg. You should accomplish the task within the allotted time.你们必须在规定时间内完成这项任务。】

Finally the English government tried in the early twentieth century to form the United Kingdom by getting Ireland connected in the same peaceful way.最后,在20世纪初,英国政府想通过以和平方式将爱尔兰加入进来,形成联合王国。【注释:getting Ireland connected系为get sth. done结构,意为“让人…做某事”】However, the southern part of Ireland was unwilling and broke away to form its own government.然而,爱尔兰南部地区不愿意加入,脱离并成立了

自己的政府。【注释:break away(1)逃走;逃脱eg. 1) The robbery suspect broke away from the lockup.抢劫嫌疑犯从拘留所逃脱了。2) Modern music like jazz has broken away from the old traditional rules. (喻)现代音乐如爵士乐摆脱了旧的传统规则。(2)断裂;开裂eg. A large piece of ice broke away from the main block.一大块冰从整个大冰块上断裂开来。试题:The young man ____ the two policemen who were holding him.

A. got away with

B. broke away from

C. come up with

D. caught up with 】

So only Northern Ireland joined with England, Wales and Scotland

to become the United Kingdom and this was shown to the world

in a new flag called the Union Jack.所以只有北爱尔兰加入到英格兰、

威尔士和苏格兰行列,从而成为联合王国,这在英国国旗上可以向世人表现出来。

To their credit, the four countries do work together in some areas (eg, the currency and international relations), but they still have very different institutions.为了表示信任,这四个国家在一些领域团结协作,(如流通和国际关系),但他们依然有各自不同的机构。For example, Northern Ireland, England and Scotland have different educational and legal systems as well as different football teams for competitions like the World Cup!例如,北爱尔兰,英格

兰和苏格兰,除了有不同的足球队参加象世界杯之类的比赛之外,他们还有不同的教育体系和不同的法律体系。【注释:as well as(1)adv. 又,也。(2)conj.(连接词)eg. And in addition:既…又:eg. courageous as well as strong.既健康又勇敢(3)prep.(介词): In addition to:都,除...之外(包含之后的内容):eg. The editors as well as the proofreaders are working overtime编辑和校对者都在加班工作(4)和…一样好eg. He speaks English as well as Tom. 考题:

1. (94全-28) John plays football ____ , if not better than, David.

A. as well

B. as well as

C. as well

D. such well

2. (93全-20) She doesn’t speak ____ her friend, but her written work is excellent.

A. as well as

B. so often as

C. so much as

D. as good as BA】

England is the largest of the four countries, and for convenience it is divided roughly into three zones.英格兰是四个国家中最大的国家,为了方便,它大致被划分为三个区域。【注释:①convenience n.方便;便利for the convenience of为了方便…; for (the sake of)

convenience为了方便起见;at sb’s convenience在方便的时候,在适宜的地点;be convenient for sb./ sth.对于…方便eg. 1) The hotel has a restaurant for the guests’ convenience. 2) Please come when it is convenient for you. 3) Please come at your convenience. 4) It’s convenient for sb. (to do sth.)注意:convenient作表语时,不可用“人”作主语。②辨析:divide, separate(1)divide强调把整体分成若干部分,即化整为零,即破坏了宾语的完整性;而separate没有破坏宾语的整体性,只是把混在一起的宾语分开。Eg. 1) They divided the house into three parts. 2) The Pyrenees separate France and Spain. 比利牛斯将法国和西班牙分开。考题:

1.(2008鲁)Would it be________for you to pick me up at four o’clock and take me to the airport?

A.free B.vacant C.handy D.Convenient

2.If it is quite________to you,I will visit you next Tuesday.

A.convenient B.fair C.easy D.Comfortable

3.Come and see me whenever________. A.you are convenient B.you will be convenient C.it is convenient to you D.it will be convenient to you】

The zone nearest France is called the South of England, the middle zone is called the Midlands and the one nearest to Scotland is known as the North.最靠近法国的区域被称为南英格兰,中部区域叫英格兰中部,最靠近苏格兰的地方叫北英格兰。You find most of the population settled in the south, but most of the industrial cities in the Midlands and the North of England.你会发现大多数人口居住在南部,但大多数工业城市却在中部和英格兰北部。【注释:settled in the south是过去分词短语作宾语补足语。】Although, nationwide, these cities are not as large as those in China, they have world-famous football teams and some of them even have two!尽管,从全国范围内来说,这些城市没有中国的城市大,但他们有世界著名的足球队,有些城市甚至有两支足球队。【注释:not as large as没有…大】It is a pity that the industrial cities built in the nineteenth century do not attract visitors.遗憾的是:这些建在19世纪的工业城市不吸引游客。【注释:①It is a pity that …遗憾的是…eg. It's a pity she can't attend

the reception.她不能参加招待会,真是遗憾. 另:have pity on或take pity on对…表示同情. ②attract vt. attract one's attention吸引某人的注意;attract sb. to sp.把某人吸引到某处;have an/ no/ a little/ much attraction for sb.对某人有/没有/有一点/很有吸引力。考题:

Life in London has so many________—nightclubs,good restaurants and so on.

A.collections B.instructions C.attractions D.expressions】

For historical architecture you have to go to older but smaller towns built by the Romans.对于有历史意义的建筑,你必须去那些更古老的但更小的建于罗马时期的城镇。There you will find out more about British history and culture.在那你可以搞清楚更多的有关英国的历史和文化。【注

释:find out(1)To ascertain (something), as through examination or inquiry:查明:如通过观察或询问查明(某事):eg. 1) I found out the phone number by looking it up. 通过查找我查到了电话号码2) If you're not sure, find out.如果你不肯定,查一查(2) To detect the true nature or character of; expose:发现:探明真相或性质;暴露:eg. Liars risk being found out.骗子被揭穿的危险(3) To detect and apprehend; catch:探明并逮捕;抓住:Most embezzlers are found out in the end.大多数贪

污犯最后都被查出并逮捕归案】The greatest historical treasure of all is London with its

museums, art collections, theatres, parks and buildings.最具有伟大历史意义的宝库就是伦敦,它拥有博物馆、艺术收藏馆、剧院、公园和建筑。It is the centre of national government and its administration.它是国家政府和行政机构的中心。It has the oldest port built by the Romans in the first century AD, the oldest building begun by the Anglo-Saxons in the 1060s and the oldest castle constructed by later Norman rulers in 1066.它拥有修建于

公元一世纪罗马时期的最古老的港口,还拥有由央格鲁撒克逊人于十一世纪六十年代修建的最古老的建筑,它还拥有由后来的诺曼统治者于1066年建造的最古老的城堡。【注释:built by …AD, begun by the …1060s, constructed by …1066均是过去分词短语作定语,与所修饰的名词之间的关系为动宾关系。过去分词短语作定语是一个常备考点。考题汇集:

1. (09全I-35) Now that we’ve discussed our problem, are people happy with the decisions ___?

A. take

B. taking

C. taken

D. to take

2. (09京-24) For breakfast he only drinks juice from fresh fruit ____ on his own farm.

A. grown

B. being grown

C. to be grown

D. to grow

3. (09申-33) With the government’s aid, those ____ by the earthquake have moved to the

new settlements.

A. affect

B. affecting

C. affected

D. were affected

4. (08湘-26) The trees ____ in the storm have been moved off the road.

A. being blown down

B. blown down

C. blowing down

D. to blow down

5. (08赣-28) We finished the run in less than half the time _____ .

A. allowing

B. to allow

C. allowed

D. allows

6. (08浙-13) It is one of the funniest things _____ on the Internet so far this year.

A. finding

B. being found

C. to find

D. found

7. (08闽-33) ——Can those ____ at the back of the classroom hear me?

——No problem.

A. seat

B. sit

C. seated

D. sat

8. (07湘-34) “Things ____ never come again!” I couldn’t help talking to myself.

A. lost

B. losing

C. to lose

D. have lost

9. (06京-28) There have been several new events ____ to the program for the 2008

Beijing Olympic Games.

A. add

B. to add

C. adding

D. added

10. (06鲁-29) Five people won the “China’s Green Figure” award, a title _____ to ordinary

people for their contributions to environmental protection.

A. being given

B. is given

C. given

D. was given

11. (05京-32) The prize of the game show is $ 30,000 and an all expenses ____ vacation to China.

A. paying

B. paid

C. to be paid

D. being paid CACB CDCAD CB】There has been four sets of invaders of England.英格兰有四批入侵者。The first invaders, the Romans, left their towns and roads.第一批入侵者是罗马人,留下了城镇和道路;The second, the Anglo-Saxons, left their language and their government.第二批入侵者是央格鲁撒克逊人,他们留下了语言和政体;The third, the Vikings, influenced the vocabulary and place-names of the North of England,第三批入侵者是北欧海盗,影响了英格兰的词汇及其北部的地名;and the fourth, the Normans, left castles and introduced (in) new words for food.第四批入侵者是诺曼人,他们留下了城堡,并引入了一些新的食品词汇。

If you look around the British countryside you will find evidence of all these invaders.如果你巡视一下英国乡下,你就会找到所有这些入侵者留下的证据。You must keep your eyes

open if you are going to make your trip to the United Kingdom enjoyable and worthwhile.如果你想要你对联合王国的旅行愉快而有价值,你必须睁大你的双眼。【注释:make sth.

worthwhile使…值得eg. We made our effort worthwhile.】

重点句型:

1.Now when people refer to England you find Wales included as well.

【精提取】included是过去分词,此处用作宾语补足语。include与宾语Wales之间是被动关系,故需用过去分词作宾补。【巧应用】他醒来后,发现自己被绑在了树上。

When he woke up,he____ ____ _____ ___ ____ _____. 答案:found himself tied to the tree

2.It looked splendid when first built! 【精提取】when first built是when it was first built 的省略形式。【巧应用】这个展览比料想的有意思。

The exhibition is more interesting________ ________. 答案:than expected 3.Worried about the time available,Zhang Pingyu had made a list of the sites she wanted to see in London. 【精提取】①worried about...为过去分词短语作状语,表原因。②

available adj.可以利用的;有用的;有空的. 【巧应用】陷入沉思之中,他几乎撞到前面的小汽车上。

___ ____ ___,he almost ran into the car in front of him. 答案:Lost in thought 考题:(2008浙)There are plenty of jobs________in the western part of the country.

A.present B.available C.precious D.convenient

4.It seemed strange that the man who had developed communism should have lived and died in London. 【精提取】it作形式主语,that从句是真正的主语。who had developed communism是定语从句。【巧应用】目前你不可能治愈这种病。

___ _____ ____ _____you can cure the disease at present. 答案:It seems impossible that

5. It seemed strange that the man who had developed communism should have lived and died in London.这似乎是一件怪事,这位发展了共产主义的人竟然在伦敦生活过,并且在伦敦去

世。

【句法分析】should用在that从句中表达感情、意志,意为“竟然,居然”。另外,should have done还可以表示过去该做某事,意为“本应该……;要是已经……就好了”。

①I’m surprised that you should speak in that way.我很惊讶你居然用那种方式说话。

②I should have been kinder to him.(当时)我要是对他更好一点就好了。考题:

1. —Did you punish him for that? —Yes,but I don't think I________.

A.should have done so B.need to have done so C.should do that D.ought have done that

2. Since you have made such good preparations,there ___ be any problem about passing the coming exam.

A.mustn’t B.shan’t C.shouldn’t D.needn’t

课文补充练习:

1. —I hear that you will be on travel again.

—Yeah.My boss ____for me to discuss business details with someone from another company.

A.asked B.arranged C.sent D.called

2. _____ to have a picnic here!

A.What great delight B.How great delight C.What a great delight D.How a great delight

3. He has recovered________of his friend.

A.to their much delight B.to the much delight C.to much the delight D.much to the delight

4. New Zealand is a country lying off the eastern coast of Australia,___ two big islands and many smaller ones.

A.making up B.consisting of C.belonging to D.making from

5. (2008鄂)The teacher stressed again that the students should not ____ any important

details while retelling the story.

A.bring out B.let out C.leave out D.make out

【leave out 省去;遗漏;不考虑;leave alone不管,别惹,让……独自呆着;不打扰leave aside搁置;leave behind忘带,留下;leave for动身到(某处);let out泄露秘密;make out辨认出;理解,明白】

6. After the accident,who do you think will _____ Susan?

A.in place of B.instead of C.take place of D.take the place of

7. We _____ the job _____ five parts,and each man did one part.

A.divided;into B.separated;into C.divided;from D.separated;from 8. The computer system ____ suddenly while he was searching for information on the Internet.

A.broke down B.broke out C.broke up D.broke in

【break down (机器)出故障;破坏;(谈判、希望、计划等)失败,破裂;(化学)分解;(身体)垮掉;break in破门而入;打断;break into闯入;突然……起来(后接tears,laughter等);break out(战争)爆发;(火灾)发生;break off折断;打断;突然停止讲话;休息;断绝;结束;break through突围;突破;冲垮;克服;break up拆开;结束;解散;break away(from)挣脱;脱离】

人教版高中英语必修五电子课本

按住Ctrl键单击鼠标打开配套教学视频名师讲课播放 必修5 Unit 1 JOHH SHOW DEFEATS “KING CHOLERA” John Snow was a famous doctor in London - so expert, indeed, that he attend ed Queen Victoria as her personal physician. But he became inspired when he tho ught about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera. This was the deadly dise ase of its day. Neither its cause nor its cure was understood. So many thousand s of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak. John Snow wanted t o face the challenge and solve this problem. He knew that cholera would never b e controlled until its cause was found. He became interested in two theories that possibly explained how cholera ki lled people. The first suggested that cholera multiplied in the air. A cloud of dangerous gas floated around until it found its victims. The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals. From the stomach the disease quickly attacked the body and soon the affected person die d. John Snow suspected that the second theory was correct but he needed eviden ce. So when another outbreak hit London in 1854, he was ready to begin his enqu iry. As the disease spread quickly through poor neighbourhoods, he began to gat her information. In two particular streets, the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days. He was determined to find out why. First he marked on a map the exact places where all the dead people had liv ed. This gave him a valuable clue about the cause of the disease. Many of the d eaths were near the water pump in Broad Street (especially numbers 16, 37, 38 a nd 40). He also noticed that some houses (such as 20 and 21 Broad Street and 8 and 9 Cambridge Street) had had no deaths. He had not foreseen this, so he made further investigations. He discovered that these people worked in the pub at 7 Cambridge Street. They had been given free beer and so had not drunk the water from the pump. It seemed that the water was to blame. Next, John Snow looked into the source of the water for these two streets. He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London. H e immediately told the astonished people in Broad Street to remove the handle f rom the pump so that it could not be used. Soon afterwards the disease slowed d own. He had shown that cholera was spread by germs and not in a cloud of gas. In another part of London, he found supporting evidence from two other deat hs that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak. A woman, who had moved away f rom Broad Street, liked the water from the pump so much that she had it deliver ed to her house every day. Both she and her daughter died of cholera after drin king the water. With this extra evidence John Snow was able to announce with ce rtainty that polluted water carried the virus.

高中英语必修五课文及翻译

高中英语必修五课文及翻 译 Final approval draft on November 22, 2020

-必修 5 Unit 2 The United Kingdom Reading PUZZLES IN GEOGRAPHY People may wonder why different words are used to describe these four countries: England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. You can clarify this question if you study British history. First there was England. Wales was linked to it in the thirteenth century. Now when people refer to England you find Wales included as well. Next England and Wales were joined to Scotland in the seventeenth century and the name was changed to "Great Britain". Happily this was accomplished without conflict when King James of Scotland became King of England and Wales as well. Finally the English government tried in the early twentieth century to form the United Kingdom by getting Ireland connected in the same peaceful way. However, the southern part of Ireland was unwilling and broke away to form its own government. So only Northern Ireland joined with England, Wales and Scotland to become the United Kingdom and this was shown to the world in a new flag called the Union Jack. To their credit the four countries do work together in some areas (eg, the currency and international relations), but they still have very different institutions. For example, Northern Ireland, England and Scotland have different educational and legal systems as well as different football teams for competitions like the World Cup! England is the largest of the four countries, and for convenience it is divided roughly into three zones. The zone nearest France is called the South of England, the middle zone is called the Midlands and the one nearest to Scotland is known as the North. You find most of the population settled in the south, but most of the industrial cities in the Midlands and the North of England. Although, nationwide, these cities are not as large as those in China, they have world-famous football teams and some of them even have two! It is a pity that the industrial cities built in the nineteenth century do not attract visitors. For historical architecture you have to go to older but smaller towns built by the Romans. There you will find out more about British history and culture. The greatest historical treasure of all is London with its museums, art collections, theatres, parks and buildings. It is the centre of national

人教版英语必修五第二单元课文翻译

PUZZLES IN GEOGRAPHY 地理之谜 人们也许觉得奇怪,为什么用来描述英格兰、威尔士、苏格兰和北爱尔兰这四个国家的词语不太一样。但如果你学过英国历史,就能弄清楚这个问题。 首先是英格兰。威尔士于13世纪同英格兰联合了起来。如今只要有人提起英格兰,你就会发现威尔士总是包括在内的。接着,英格兰、威尔士同苏格兰于17世纪联合了起来,名字就改成了“大不列颠”。令人庆幸的是,当苏格兰的詹姆斯国王成为英格兰和威尔士的国王时,这三个国家和平地实现了联合。最后,英国政府打算于20世纪初把爱尔兰也同另外三个国家和平联合起来以形成联合王国。然而,爱尔兰的南部却不愿组建联合王国,它分离出去,并建立了自己的政府。因此只有北爱尔兰同英格兰、威尔士、苏格兰联合起来,而组成了联合王国,这一点从新的联合王国国旗上就可以看得出来。 值得赞扬的是,这四个国家的确在一些方面共同合作,例如在货币和国际关系方面;但是有些制度仍然区别很大。例如,北爱尔兰、英格兰和苏格兰在教育体制和立法体制上都存在着差异。在参加像世界杯之类的比赛时,它们有着各自的足球队。在这四个国家中,英格兰是最大的。为了方便起见,它大致可以划分为三个地区。最靠近法国的那个地区叫做英格兰南部,中部地区叫做英格兰中部,最靠近苏格兰的那个地区叫做英格兰北部。你可以看到英国的大部分人口聚居在南部,而多数大工业城市都位于中部和北部。尽管,英国任何一个城市都不像中国的城市那样大,但是他们都有着自己的享有威名的足球队,有的城市甚至还有两个队。很遗憾,这些建于19世纪的工业城市对游客并没有吸引力。要找历史性建筑你得去更古老的、比较小些的由古罗马人建造的城镇。在那儿你才可能找到更多的有关英国历史和文化的东西。 最具历史意义的宝地是伦敦。那儿有博物馆,有艺术珍品、剧院、公园和各种建筑物。它是全国的政治中心。它有公元一世纪由罗马人建造的最古老的港口,有由盎格鲁——撒

人教版 英语 必修五 课文 电子版

U n i t1G R E A T S C I E N T I S T S JOHN SNOW DEFEATS “KING CHOLERA” John Snow was a famous doctor in London — so expert, indeed, that he attended Queen Victoria as her personal physician. But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera. This was the deadly disease of its day. Neither its cause nor its cure was understood. So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak. John Snow wanted to face the challenge and solve this problem. He knew that cholera would never be controlled until its cause was found. He became interested in two theories that possibly explained how cholera killed people. The first suggested that cholera multiplied in the air, a cloud of dangerous gas floated around until it found its victims. From the stomach the disease quickly attacked the body and soon the affected person died. John Snow suspected that the second theory was correct but he needed evidence. So when another outbreak hit London in 1854, he was ready to begin his enquiry. As the disease spread quickly through poor neighbourhoods, he began to gather information. In two particular streets, the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days. He was determined to find out why. First he marked on a map the exact places where all the dead people have lived. This gave him a valuable clue about the cause of the disease. Many of the deaths were near the water pump in Broad Street (especially numbers 163738 and 40). He also noticed that some houses (such as 20 and 21 Broad Street and 8 and 9 Cambridge Street) had had no deaths. He had not foreseen this, so he made further investigations. He discovered that these people worked in the pub at 7 Cambridge Street. They had been given free beer and so had not drunk the water from the pump. It seemed that the water was to blame, Next, John Snow looked into the source of the water for these two streets. He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London. He immediately told the astonished people in Broad Street to remove the handle from the pump so that it could not be used. Soon afterwards the disease slowed down. He had shown that cholera was spread by germs and not in a cloud of gas. In another part of London, he found supporting evidence from two other deaths that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak. A woman, who had moved away from Broad Street, liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day. Both she and her daughter died of cholera after drinking the water. With this extra evidence John Snow was able to announce with certainty that polluted water carried the virus. To prevent this from happening again, John Snow suggested that the source of all the water supplies be examined. The water companies were instructed not to expose people to polluted water any more. Finally “King Cholera” was defeated.

英语必修五课文翻译

必修五课文原文翻译 unit 1约翰·斯诺战胜“霍乱王” 约翰·斯诺是伦敦一位著名的医生——他的确医术精湛,以至于成了照料维多利亚女王的私人医生。但当他一想到要帮助(那些)得了霍乱的普通百姓时,就感到很受鼓舞。霍乱在当时是最致命的疾病。人们既不知道它的病因,也不懂如何治疗。每次爆发霍乱时就有成千上万惊恐的人病死。约翰·斯诺想面对这一挑战,解决这一问题。他知道在找到病源之前,霍乱疫情是无法控制的。 他对霍乱致人死地的两种推测产生了兴趣。第一种看法是霍乱病毒在空气中繁殖,像一股危险气体在空中到处漂浮,直到找到病毒的受害人。第二种看法是人们是在吃饭时把这种病毒引入体内的。病毒从胃部开始迅速殃及全身,患者就会很快地死去。 约翰·斯诺推测第二种说法是正确的,但需要有证据。因此在1854年伦敦再次爆发霍乱时,他就着手准备对此调研。当霍乱在贫民区迅速蔓延时,约翰·斯诺开始搜集信息。他发现特别在两条街上霍乱流行得很严重,以至于10天内就有500多人死亡。他决心查清原因。 他首先在地图上标注出所有死者曾住过的确切地点。该图提供了一条说明霍乱起因的很有价值的线索。许多死者都住在布洛德街上的水泵附近(尤其是这条街上的16、37、38和40号)。他还发现有些住户(如布洛德街20号和21号及剑桥街8号和9号)却无人死亡。他未预料到这种情况,于是他做了进一步调查。他发现这些人是在剑桥街7号的酒馆里打工。酒馆为他们供应免费啤酒,因此他们没喝布洛德街水泵里的水。看来水是罪魁祸首。 接下来,约翰·斯诺调查了这两条街上的水源。他发现水来自于河里,这条河被伦敦排出的脏水污染了。约翰·斯诺立即告诉布洛德街上惊慌失措的人们拆掉水泵的把手,这样水泵就用不成了。不久,疫情就开始得到缓解。他证明了霍乱是通过细菌传播而非气团传播。 在伦敦的另一地区,他从另外两例与布洛德街疾病爆发有关的死亡病例中得到了有力的证据。一个妇女,从布洛德街搬走了,但她非常喜欢水泵的水,她让人每天从水泵给她家送水。她和她的女儿在喝了这些水后,都死于霍乱。利用这个额外证据,约翰·斯诺就可以很有把握地宣布污染水携带病菌。 为防止这种情况再度发生,约翰·斯诺建议,所有水源都要经过检测。供水公司也得到指示再也不能让人们接触污染水了。“霍乱王”终于被击败了。

人教版高中英语必修五unit2课文重点练习详解

Unit 2. The United Kingdom PUZZLES IN GEOGRAPHY People may wonder(=want to know/ be surprised)why different words are used(主动如何表达) to describe these four countries:

England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. You can clarify this question (means: the question will be clear if…) if you study British history. First there was England. Wales was linked to it in the thirteenth century. Now when people refer to (=mention) England you

find (that) Wales (is) included as well. Next England and Wales were joined to Scotland in the seventeenth century and the name was changed to "Great Britain". Happily this was accomplished without conflict (peacefully/in a peaceful way) when King James of

人教版高中英语必修五电子课本

按住Ctrl键单击鼠标打开配套教学视频名师讲课播放必修5 Unit 1 JOHH SHOW DEFEATS “KING CHOLERA” John Snow was a famous doctor in London - so expert, indeed, that he attend ed Queen Victoria as her personal physician. But he became inspired when he tho ught about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera. This was the deadly diseas e of its day. Neither its cause nor its cure was understood. So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak. John Snow wanted to face the challenge and solve this problem. He knew that cholera would never be contr olled until its cause was found. He became interested in two theories that possibly explained how cholera kille d people. The first suggested that cholera multiplied in the air. A cloud of dangero us gas floated around until it found its victims. The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals. From the stomach the dis ease quickly attacked the body and soon the affected person died. John Snow suspected that the second theory was correct but he needed evide nce. So when another outbreak hit London in 1854, he was ready to begin his en quiry. As the disease spread quickly through poor neighbourhoods, he began to gat her information. In two particular streets, the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days. He was determined to find out why. First he marked on a map the exact places where all the dead people had liv ed. This gave him a valuable clue about the cause of the disease. Many of the de aths were near the water pump in Broad Street (especially numbers 16, 37, 38 an d 40). He also noticed that some houses (such as 20 and 21 Broad Street and 8 and 9 Cambridge Street) had had no deaths. He had not foreseen this, so he mad e further investigations. He discovered that these people worked in the pub at 7 C ambridge Street. They had been given free beer and so had not drunk the water f rom the pump. It seemed that the water was to blame. Next, John Snow looked into the source of the water for these two streets. He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London. He imm ediately told the astonished people in Broad Street to remove the handle from the pump so that it could not be used. Soon afterwards the disease slowed down. He had shown that cholera was spread by germs and not in a cloud of gas. In another part of London, he found supporting evidence from two other deaths that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak. A woman, who had moved away fr om Broad Street, liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day. Both she and her daughter died of cholera after drinking the water. With this extra evidence John Snow was able to announce with certaint y that polluted water carried the virus. To prevent this from happening again, John Snow suggested that the source o f all the water supplies be examined. The water companies were instructed not to expose people to polluted water any more. Finally "King Cholera" was defeated. COPERNICUS’ REVOLUTIONRRY THEORY

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高中英语必修五Unit 2 课文详解

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新人教版高中英语课文译文 必修五 第一单元伟大的科学家 Reading 约翰.斯诺击败“霍乱王” 约翰.斯诺是伦敦一位著名的医生—他的确医术精湛,因而成为照料维多利亚女皇的私人医生。但当他一想到要帮助那些得了霍乱的普通百姓时,他就感到很振奋。霍乱在当时是最致命的疾病,人们既不知道它的病源,也不了解它的治疗方法。每次暴发霍乱时,就有大批惊恐的老百姓病死。约翰.斯诺想面对这个挑战,解决这个问题。他知道,在找到病源之前,霍乱疫情是无法控制的。 斯诺对霍乱致人死地的两种推测都很感兴趣。一种看法是霍乱病毒在空气中腐殖着,像一股危险的气流到处漂浮,直到找到病毒的受害者为止。第二种看法是在吃饭的时候人们把这种病毒引入体内的。病从胃里发作而迅速殃及全身,患者就会很快地死去。 斯诺推测第二种说法是正确的,但是他需要证据。因此,在1854年伦敦再次暴发霍乱的时候,约翰.斯诺着手准备对此调研。当霍乱在贫民区迅速蔓延的时候,约翰.斯诺就开始收集资料。他发现特别在两条街道上霍乱流行的很严重,在10天之内就死去了500多人。他决心要查明其原因。 首先,他在一张地图上标明了所有死者住过的地方。这提供了一条说明霍乱起因的很有价值的线索。许多死者是住在宽街的水泵附近(特别是这条街上16、37、38、40号)。他发现有些住宅(如宽街上20号和21号以及剑桥上的8号和9号)却无人死亡。他以前没预料到这种情况,所以他决定深入调查。他发现,这些人都在剑桥街7号的酒馆里打工,而酒馆为他们免费提供啤酒喝,因此他们没有喝从宽街水泵抽上来的水。看来水是罪魁祸首。 接下来,约翰.斯诺调查了这两条街的水源情况。他发现,水是从河里来的,而河水被伦敦排出的脏水污染了。他马上叫宽街上惊慌失措的老百姓拆掉水泵上的把手。这样,水泵就用不成了。不久,疫情就开始得到了缓解。他证明了,霍乱是由病菌而不是由气团传播的。 在伦敦的另一个地区,他从两个与宽街暴发的霍乱有关联的死亡病例中发

高中英语必修五-unit 1 课文详解

必修五Unit 1 Great Scientists 伟大的科学家I.V ocabulary steam engine 蒸汽机characteristic n.特征;特性radium n.镭 put forward 提出 theory n。理论;学说 infect vt.传染;感染 infectious adj.传染的 cholera n.霍乱 scientific adj.科学的 examine vt.检查;诊察;考察conclude vt. & vi.结束;结论;议定conclusion n.结论;结束;议定draw a conclusion得出结论analyse vt.分析 repeat vi & vt.重复;重做n. defeat vt. N.打败;战胜;使受挫attend vt.照顾;护理;出席;参加expose vt.(与to连用)暴露;揭露; 使曝光 deadly adj.致命的 cure n. vt.治愈;痊愈;治疗outbreak n.爆发;发作(疾病或战争)control vt.& n.控制;支配 absorb vt.吸收;使专心 severe adj.严重的;严厉的;严格 的;剧烈的 valuable adj.贵重的;有价值的 clue n.线索;提示 pump n.泵;抽水机 pub n.酒馆;酒吧 blame vt.责备;谴责;把…归咎于; n.过失;责备 immediately adv.立即;马上 handle n.柄;把手;vt.处理 germ n.微生物;细菌 addition n.加;增加;加法 in addition也;另外 link vt.连接;联系n.联系;环 link…to…将…和…连接或联系起来 announce vt.宣布;通告 certainty n.确知;确信;确实 instruct vt.命令;指示;教导 virus n.病毒 construction n.建设;结构;建筑物 apart from 除…之外;此外 creative adj.有创造力的;独创的 co-operative adj.合作的 positive adj.积极的;肯定的 be strict with对…严格的 revolutionary adj.革命的 calculation n.计算;计算结果 lead to通向;导致 movement n。移动;运动;动作 make sense有意义 backward adv. & adj.向后地 (的);相反地(的);退步地(的) loop n.圈;环 complete adj.完整的;完成的 privately adv.私下地;秘密地 spin vi. & vt.(使)旋转;纺(线) brightness n.明亮;亮度;聪颖 enthusiastic adj.热情的;热心的 cautious adj.小心的;谨慎的 reject vt.拒绝;不接受;丢弃 point of view态度;观点;看法 logical adj.和逻辑的;合乎常理的 II.Reading JOHN SNOW DEFEATS “KING CHOLERA” John Snow was a well-known doctor in London —so famous, indeed, that he attended Queen Victoria to ease the birth of her babies.约翰斯诺在伦敦 是一位著名的医生,的确,如此出名以致于由他护理维多利亚女王生孩子。【注释: attend v.出席;到场;注意;照看attend to处理;注意倾听;专心于;照料;attend school/ class/ church/ a wedding/ a meeting/ a lecture/ a movie; attend on/ upon sb.伺候某 人;照顾某人;eg. 1) I’ll attend to the matter.我来处理此事。2) He was very tired after the long run, and expected someboday to attend on him.长袍之后他感到非常疲劳,很想有 个人来照顾自己一下。▲辨析:attend, join, join in, take part in(1) attend是 正式用语,一般指参加会议、典礼、婚礼、葬礼及去听课、听报告等;(2)join指加入某党派、某组织、某社会团体以及参军等,如:He joined the football club two years ago. (3) join in通常指参加某种活动,尤其指其他人一起参加某项活动,如:I hope you’ll all join in the discussion. (4) take part in指参加群众性活动、会议、劳动、游行等,往往参加者持有积极地态度,并起到一定的作用,有时可与join in互换,如:Will you take part in the English evening? 试题: ——Who is ______ the patient? ——Maybe his sister. A. taking care B. looking for C. joining in D. attending on】 But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.但当他想到要帮助受霍乱侵扰的普通民众,他就感到受到激励(或感受到神灵的召唤)。【注释:①inspire(1)影响或触动:eg. The falling leaves inspired her with sadness.落叶触动了她的伤感. (2) 鼓励;激励eg. 1) inspire sb. with hope激起某人的希望2) I was inspired to work harder than ever before.我受激励比以往任何

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