大学英语口语论文
大学英语口语论文
【关键词】大学英语口语教学改革口语测评体系学习动机理论
1.大学英语口语教学现状
英语作为一种国际性的语言交流工具, 在对外活动中发挥着越来越重要的作用。但是, 大学英语指导委员会的最近一项调查发现; 用人单位对大学生的英语综合能力不满意, 他们认为只有5%
的大学生有较强的口语,口语能力差或很差的大学生占37%。显然，传统的教学, 由于教师注重培养学生的认知能力, 而忽视学生的
动机、情感等非智力因素对语言学习的重大作用，已无法满足现代英语口语教学的需求。在当前大学英语口语教学过程中普遍存在的一个问题是: 大部分学生对英语口语学习缺乏学习动机, 造成
大学生总体口语能力不能达到教学大纲的要求和社会的需求, 有
的学生英语口语能力甚至还停留在中学水平, 不能适应实际英语
交际过程的需要。如何才能激发大学生英语口语学习动机, 提高大学生的英语口语能力呢?
2.教学理论在大学口语实践中的应运
良好的教学效果离不开科学的教学理论在实践中的合理应用。
ellis 指出: 动机是指学习者由于需求和欲望而为学习语言所作的努力。加拿大学者gardner 和lambert 从社会心理学角度
出发分析外语学习, 把外语学习看作社会心理现象, 强调学习态
度和学习情景对学习者行为的影响, 并把外语学习动机归纳两大类: 工具型动机(instrumental motivation)和溶合型动机(integrative motivation), 工具型动机是指语言学习者为通过考试、就业。溶合型动机是指学习者希望与目的语言的人群和文化交流融合, 对语言学习采取积极的态度。
3.激发大学生英语口语学习动机的途径
3.1 改变传统的教学模式, 创建以学习者为中心的教学模式, 充分调动学习者的主动性和积极性
在以学习者为中心的教学模式中, 教师在选择教学内容时，
可以充分考虑到学习者的实际需要, 用多种教学手段如演讲、话题讨论、主题辩论、角色扮演、讲故事等多种教学方式来促进学生的英语口语学习。例如: 在以话题讨论为形式的英语口语教学过程中, 教师给学生提供一个话题“marriage”以供他们讨论, 教师准备好几个问题帮助学生拓展讨论思路。“what’s your ideal marriage?”“why do you think so?”“should students marry in university?”“support your idea with detailed information.”
3.2 减轻学生的焦虑心理, 构建和谐的师生关系, 营造良好
的课堂气氛
焦虑是影响语言学习的较大情感障碍。语言学习中的焦虑主
要是指学习需要用外语或第二语言进行表达时产生的恐惧或不安。
心理焦虑大大地影响了学生学习英语口语的信心, 不利于他们英语口语能力的提高。因此, 教师在教学过程中要帮助学生克服紧张情绪, 消除心理负担, 使学生保持学习积极性。构建和谐的师生关系和良好的课堂气氛有助于学生保持愉悦的心情, 提高学习兴趣, 增强学习英语口语的动机, 提高课堂口语教学的效率。
3.3 树立正确的教学目标, 端正学生的学习动机
教师应该在英语口语教学过程中阐明教学目的和意义。学习一门语言, 要重视口语的学习。让学生知道通过四、六级考试不是英语学习的终极目标。四、六级考试不能全面反映学习者的英语综合能力, 也不能满足社会发展和自身综合素质的提高。教师在教学过程中适当给学生介绍目的语国家的文化知识, 以便增进学生对英语口语学习的兴趣,培养学生对英语口语学习的综合型动机。
3.4 充分利用现代教学设备, 提高课堂口语教学的效率
教师应充分利用多媒体和网络技术等现代教学设备优化口语教学的课堂环境, 其优点在于图像、声音的方式把教学内容呈现给学生, 内容丰富, 形象生动。能使学生扩大语言文化背景,拓宽知识面。同时获得视觉、听觉上的愉悦, 提高学生口语学习兴趣, 变被动学习为主动学习, 激发学生的口语学习动机。
3.5 拓宽英语口语学习的渠道, 开展形式多样的课外活动, 形成口语学习的第二课堂
课堂教学时间只能为学生提供有限的知识输入, 远远不能满
足学生实际交际的需要。因此很有必要开辟口语学习的第二课堂。英语角、英语沙龙、英语俱乐部等这些场所是对课堂口语教学的有效补充。
综上所述, 大学生英语口语学习动机受到自身因素和外部环境的影响, 要提高大学生英语口语能力，教师在教学过程中应明确学生主体地位的重要性,积极营造一个良好的教学环境, 使学生在轻松、愉悦的环境中学习英语口语, 消除学生的紧张情绪, 降低其情感焦虑。选择学生感兴趣的学习任务, 使学生积极参与到教学过程中, 激发其内部英语口语学习动机, 保持持久的学习兴趣, 提
高其英语口语能力。
参考文献
［1］文秋芳, 王海啸. 学习者因素与大学英语四级考试成绩的
关系［j］ . 外语教学与研究, 1996 , (4) .
［2］文秋芳. 英语学习者动机、观念、策略的变化规律与特点
［j］. 外语教学与研究, 2001 , (2) .
［3］ ellis, the study of second language acquisition, 上海外语教育出版社,1994.
［4］ gardner , r. c. , & w. e. lambert . attitudes and motivation in second language learning ［m］ . rowley ,mass. : newbury house , 1972.
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大学英语考试口语作文 Test 2 On Keeping a Diary in English Keeping a diary in English is one of the effective ways to improve our English writing ability. It can help us to cultivate the habit of thinking in English. If we persist in this practice, gradually we’ll learn how to express ourselves in English. In keeping a diary in English, we inevitably run up against a lot of difficulties. In the first place, it often happens that we have trouble finding appropriate words and phrases to give expression to our mind. Secondly, there are many idiomatic ways of saying things in Chinese. And it is extremely hard for us to put them into English properly. Certainly, there are some other roadblocks we may come across in our keeping a diary in English. As far as I’m concerned, my suggestion is that we should always have a notebook and a Chinese-English dictionary within easy reach. Whenever something beats us, we can first put it down in our notebook and then consult our dictionary. We can also turn to our English teacher for help, if necessary. In short, I believe that it is of great use to keep a diary in English for the development of our writing skills. Test 3 Keeping Pets With the rise of people’s living standard, keeping pets is becoming a fashionable activity in China. More and more pet markets are set up across the nation, in which various kinds of pets are available. Over the past few years, even the prices of pets have been on the rise. Some people would spend several thousand yuan on a smart dog or a rare bird. If you are strolling along the streets in the evening, you’ll see a lot of people walking dogs. People keep pets for different reasons. For most families, pets are lovely, sensitive creatures with whom they are able to communicate. They keep them just for fun and pleasure. As for some adults, playing with their pets is their favorite form of relaxation after a day’s work. As for children, it seems that there are no better friends or companions they can find than a funny-looking dog or a clever cat. However, for some people, keeping pets is only a display of their wealth. By owning an expensive dog or bird, they intend to show off how wealthy they are. I, myself, don’t see anything wrong with keeping pets. I think the love that exists between us human and animals can be even more strongly felt while we are feeding a pet. It is this harmonious relationship between human and animals that contributes to the balance of nature. Test 4
第三版新视野大学英语4英语口语考试文章
Topic 1: A Logical Fallacy I Have Committed What is a logical fallacy? A logical fallacy is, roughly speaking, an error of reasoning. When people speak of logical fallacies they often mean to refer to this collection of well-known errors of reasoning, rather than to fallacies in the broader, more technical sense given above.Look at a seemingly fallacious example: "if I fail my exams, I can't graduate. If I don't graduate, I won't get a good job, so I'll probably do odd jobs after graduation."This is a common fallacy, and some are taking it for gospel truth，just like I used to be.But in fact,some people can’t graduated from college or poor students not get goods grades also achieve great success in their future.We can't judge others by their present performances .Maybe they just can’t adapt their current study or lifestyle.I think the reason for this fallacy is that most people think mark is the main factor to determine the future，so they always put the mark in an important position and ignore other factors to our future. Topic 2: The Pursuit of Beauty Some people spend their whole lives to look for beauty，Some people spare no effort to keep young face,Some people are indifferent to the end of his life but comprehend the true meaning of beauty.So,What is beauty? In my eyes,beauty is a young man who gives his seat to the old,beauty is the police man who serves the people every day，as well as a children who take stray animals.The beauty in my heart is something invisible but can be feeling.In fact,We divide beauty into physical beauty and inner beauty.Physical beauty more focused on people, mainly refers to the body, appearance,its attention is the morphological characteristics of people.Inner beauty refers to the beauty of the inner world of human beings, and is the concrete embodiment of human’s thoughts, morality, sentiment, character and so on. Therefore, inner beauty is also called spiritual beauty.As for me ,I would like to pursue inner beauty.I think ,inner beauty is a manifestation of people’s thought altitude.Through it,we can recognize a real person.There is a saying goes：don’t judge a person by his appearances.So,inner beauty is willing to pursue.
大学英语口语考试试题及答案
以下为爱麟霖/(Curlylin)倾情奉献，需要的朋友可以参考一下 7. Friendship (Listening and Speaking Course, Unit 3; Integrated Course, Unit 2) 1) Do you have many friends? What kind of people do you want to make friends with? Why? Yes. I’d like to make friends with loyal people. In my opinion,a friend is a person who can share his/hers happiness with you, who can lend you a shoulder when you cry,who can give you a hand when you are in trouble without asking for anything in return. In a word,a friend in need is a friend indeed, I think a loyal people can do the things which were mentioned above for his/hers true friend. So I prefer to make friends with loyal people, and I also believe I am a loyal people who you can make friends with. 2) How do you make friends? Please comment on “a friend you buy isn’t worth the price”. First,I’d like to talk to him to find out whether we have the same interest with each other. If the answer is YES,then we have the foundation to develop a friendship. The next days, all we need to do is to treat each other by heart and soul. 3) How valuable is friendship in a person’s life? How can we keep friendship alive? As for me, I regard friendship as a very important part in my life.Just imagine a life,there’s no one to be your friend. What life could be if you had no friend to talk to , no friend to comfore you and cheer you up when you were having a hard time,no friend to lend you a hand when you needed help …… Life without friends is unthinkable ... We have to do hard work to build up and sustain our friendship. First, let your friends know that you really care about them.It’s important to give some cues to your friends. Be sure your friend knows that she is cared about.Second,try to be with your friends when they are in trouble when they need you. Keeping friendship alive is not only to say some sweet words,but need some real action. 4) What does friendship mean to you? What kind of friends do you think are true friends? It's a fantastic experience in whole of my life. Friendship to me is what water to fish.I can't live without a real friend. 2问见（1） 5) How can we get along well with other people? To begin with, we need to be honest with others and always say what we mean. Lies will surely make people stay far away from us in the long run. After all,honesty is the best policy. Second, we have to be humble enough. If we are proud in public, we can hardly win other's respect, not to mention "friendship" . Finally, we must not be selfish. We should learn how to show concern for others. As long as we abide[?'ba?d] by what is mentioned above, we will find it easy to get along well with others.