2020-2021年人教版英语专题训练 八年级英语上册阅读理解

2020-2021年人教版英语专题训练八年级英语上册阅读理解

一、八年级英语上册阅读理解专项练习（含答案解析）

1．阅读理解

An American boy has made a cheap machine that can help blind people read.

The blind can read by using Braille-a system of small bumps （隆起物） that the blind touch to read the letters. The machine that makes these small bumps usually costs at least $2,000. It is called Braille typewriter. The American schoolboy, Shu ham Banerjee, made a new Braille typewriter from a Lego tool that lets people create robots. Banerjee has called his new machine the Braigo-a combination（组合） of the words Braille and Lego. It costs just $350. It works by changing electronic texts into Braille and then printing it using a computer or a mobile machine. Banerjee designed （设计） his Braigo for a school science project. Since then, he has caught the interest of Silicon Valley in the USA. The big technology company Intel spent money on Banerjee's machine in November, but they did not say how much money they put in. Banerjee also got $ 35,000 from his father to help him start the project. His father works as a computer engineer （工程师） at Intel. He spoke about why he gave so much money to his son, saying, started to be interested more, thinking that he's on to something and this invention has to continue, dream would probably be having most of the blind people use my Braigo.

（1）What is Braille in Paragraph 2?

A. A system of bumps to help the blind read.

B. The name of a new invention.

C. A very cheap machine.

D. A Lego robot.

（2）What does the Braigo change into Braille?

A. Photocopies.

B. Voices.

C. Electronic texts.

D. Computer languages.（3）Why did Banerjee design his invention?

A. He did it as a hobby.

B. Intel told him to do it.

C. He did it for a school science project.

D. He wanted to get money from his father.

（4）Banerjee's parents wanted him to continue to ___________.

A. catch Intel's interest

B. work on his invention

C. be a computer engineer

D. use the new Braille typewriter

【答案】（1）A

（2）C

（3）C

（4）B

【解析】【分析】文章大意：一个美国学生舒汉班纳吉（ShuHamBanerjee）用一种乐高工具制作了一种新的盲文打字机，班纳吉称他的新机器为盲文——盲文和乐高的组合。只要

350美元，这是他参与学校活动的一部分，为此他的父亲奖励了他大一笔钱。

（1）细节理解题，根据Braille-a system of small bumps （隆起物） that the blind touch to read the letters.可知盲文是一种隆起的系统，帮助盲人阅读，故答案是A。

（2）细节理解题，根据It works by changing electronic texts into Braille可知，这种机器的工作原理是把电子文本转换为盲文，故答案是C。

（3）细节理解题，根据Banerjee designed （设计）his Braigo for a school science project.可知，他做这台机器是为了学校的一个项目，故答案是C。

（4）细节理解题，根据He spoke about why he gave so much money to his son, saying, started to be interested more, thinking that he's on to something and this invention has to continue,可知，他父亲给他那么多钱是为了然他继续发明东西，故答案是B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题。细节理解题要可以直接从文中寻找答案；文章出处题需要根据文章内容确定其来源。

2．配对阅读

A. Rose, thank you for asking me to play tennis with you, but I'm afraid I can't. I'm staying with my grandpa the whole day to celebrate（庆祝）his birthday. Maybe another time.

B. Simon, I'm sorry I can't go swimming with you on Wednesday afternoon because I have to go to the hospital with my mother. She has a toothache. I hope to join you next Wednesday.

C. Alice, thank you very much for asking me to dinner on February 16th.1 would like to come very much, but I have to fly to Tokyo on that day. It's very kind of you to ask me. I hope to see you when I get back in a week.

D. Julie, thanks for your invitation a lot. I'd love to come to your party at seven o'clock, but I have to finish my homework first, so I may come fifteen minutes later.

E. Amy, thanks for asking me. I'd like to come. But I'm sorry I have a piano lesson from 7: 00 pm to 8: 00 pm, so I'll go to your house at about 8: 20 pm. I wonder （想知道）if it would be fine with you.

下面是一些个人信息的介绍，请匹配与之相对应的留言，并将其标号填入题前括号内。（1）Julia is going to Japan by plane and she is coming back on February 23rd.

（2）Maria is good at playing tennis. She is on a tennis team.

（3）David would like to come to a party at about fifteen past seven.

（4）Betty is having a piano lesson from 7: 00 pm to 8: 00 pm.

（5）There is something wrong with Tom's mum's teeth, so he has to go to see the dentist with her on Wednesday.

【答案】（1）C

（2）A

（3）D

（4）E

（5）B

【解析】【分析】

（1）根据文中关键信息“on February 16th”“ I have to fly to Tokyo on that day”“ when I get back in a week.”可知Julia那天要去日本，一周回来。故选C。

（2）根据“, thank you for asking me to play tennis with you,.”，可推知答案A。

（3）根据“I'd love to come to your party at seven o'clock, but I have to finish my homework first, so I may come fifteen minutes later.’”可知David会去参加Julie晚会，但会玩到15分钟，故选D。

（4）根据文中“But I'm sorry I have a piano lesson from 7: 00 pm to 8: 00 pm, ”可知E正确。（5）根据文中“I have to go to the hospital with my mother. She has a toothache.＂故选B。

3．阅读理解

Books come to life in Australia once a year, when students dress up as their favorite characters and come to school. They are taking part in Book Week. Each year in August, schools and public libraries across Australia spend a week celebrating（庆祝）this big activity. Book Week is run by the Children's Book Council of Australia.

And the best part? Everyone dresses up in costumes（服装）, even the teachers. Many dress as characters from books or films, like Willie Wonka, Snow White, Robin Hood, Peter Pan and even C-3P0 from Star Wars. "He wanted to go as something from Star Wars," Veronica Sagredo said of her son Marlon. "Last year he went as a gladiato（r 角斗士）, because he likes history books." Others dress up as famous Australian heroes（英雄）to celebrate the country's history. "It is a fun way to focus on reading and the children really enjoy it, whether they like reading or not," an Australian junior school teacher Nicole Grima said.

Some students do a lot to have the best costume. And teachers plan activities or make competitions to show how important it is to read. Children's Book Council chairperson, professor

Margot Hillel, said books would always be loved. "Hugging（拥抱）it, smelling it, turning the pages and sharing it with an adult（成人）," she told the Daily Telegraph.

Each year, there are awards for the best Australian children's book. This year was the 70th year of the awards.

（1）How do the kids in Australia dress up in August to celebrate Book Week?

A. As Halloween characters.

B. As their favorite book characters.

C. As characters in Shakespeare plays.

D. As people from their families, like their parents.（2）What does the school teacher Nicole Grima think of the activity?

A. Students actually don't like this activity.

B. It is interesting for students to improve their reading.

C. It makes students focus on the costumes rather than reading.

D. It is neither important nor meaningful for students' studies.

（3）Why did the teachers develop so many activities on Book Week?

A. To keep the kids busy.

B. To help the kids learn the importance of reading.

C. To turn Book Week into Drama Week.

D. To make full use of their costumes.

（4）What does the underlined word "award" mean in Chinese?

A. 赠品

B. 庆典

C. 奖励

D. 书市

【答案】（1）B

（2）B

（3）B

（4）C

【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文介绍了澳大利亚图书周，图书周是由澳大利亚书籍委员会举办，图书周中最精彩的部分是学生们扮演成他们最喜欢的书里的人物。图书周里还评出澳大利亚最佳儿童图书奖。目的是调动孩子们读书的积极性。

（1）细节题。根据 students dress up as their favorite characters and come to school. They are taking part in Book Week. Each year in August,可知在图书周里孩子们装扮成他们最喜欢的人物。故选B。

（2）细节题。根据 "It is a fun way to focus on reading and the children really enjoy it, whether they like reading or not," an Australian junior school teacher Nicole Grima said.可知图书周活动使孩子们对阅读感兴趣是有趣的。故选B。

（3）细节题。根据 And teachers plan activities or make competitions to show how important it is to read.可知老师计划活动或者开展比赛是为了展示给孩子们阅读重要。故选 B。

（4）词义猜测。根据 there are awards for the best Australian children's book.可知澳大利亚最好的儿童图书，应该是奖励。故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解，本文涉及细节题和词义猜测两种题型，细节题要注意从文章寻找答案，词义猜测要根据上文推测词义。

4．阅读理解

Q and A today: the Internet

We asked two teenagers from the USA about what they think of the Internet. Here are their answers.

Question 1: How often do you use the Internet, and what for?

Linda I use it every day. I have a lot of online friends. I have my own blog. It's exciting. If we didn't have the Internet, life would be really boring.

Brett I use it a lot, too. I surf the Internet about twice a day. I have my own web pages. I write about my hobbies and interests on it. And I love getting mail from other people. Question 2: What website do you think is the best?

Linda https://www.360docs.net/doc/739438417.html,! I like it because it gives girls advice on what to do in different situations, and there's also something interesting to read. I can find new books every week.

Brett Honestly, I don't know what to say. I have visited so many websites. There surely isn't just one website that I would recommend（推荐）.

Question 3: If you were offered（提供） a job in computing, would you like it?

Linda I'm not sure. You can meet lots of people on the web, and there are cool games, but I'd like to meet real people in my job. So maybe I will be the manager of a big Internet company.

Brett Sure. If I had the chance, I'd like to work as a web designer. I love designing（设计），and I like creating my own things.

A. Every day.

B. Twice a day.

C. Once a week.

D. Four times a week.（2）On https://www.360docs.net/doc/739438417.html,, girls can _________.

A. make friends

B. play games

C. send mail

D. get advice

（3）Linda would like to be _________.

A. a manager

B. a teacher

C. a computer programmer

D. a web designer

【答案】（1）B

（2）D

（3）A

【解析】【分析】本文是两个来自美国的青少年对互联网的看法。

（1）细节题。根据 I surf the Internet about twice a day可知他每天上网两次，故选B。（2）推理题。根据https://www.360docs.net/doc/739438417.html,! I like it because it gives girls advice on what to do in different situations, and there's also something interesting to read可知在https://www.360docs.net/doc/739438417.html,，女孩可以得到建议，故选D。

（3）推理题。根据 So maybe I will be the manager of a big Internet company可知Linda想当经理，故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题2种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。

5．阅读理解

"Mom, I'm bored," said Jason. "There is nothing to do." "You can clean your room," said Mom. "That's not fun." It was only the second week of summer vacation. It was still too cold to go to the pool, and Jason was tired of watching TV. His?friends were away on vacation, and even his dog, Riley, was being lazy.

Mom was getting ready to go downtown to the food kitchen to help out. She volunteered serving lunch to people that weren't as lucky as Jason. "Why don't you come with me to the food kitchen and help out?" Mom asked. "I don't know anything about working at a food kitchen," said Jason. "You just watch me, and then you will see how to serve the food," said Mom.

It was time to go, and Jason was excited to try working in the food kitchen. He watched his Mom put some turkey and mashed potatoes on a plate. She then passed the plate to the next lady, and she put some green beans and bread on the plate. "I can do that," thought Jason. One of the volunteers left early, so Jason took over her spot in the serving line. He was in charge of （负责） putting salad on the plates. He served twenty-five people that day. "That was great!" said Jason.

Jason was so excited and really enjoyed his day at the food kitchen. He couldn't wait to get home and tell his Dad about how much fun he had. "Jason, that was a nice thing you did today." "You helped many people who aren't as lucky as you to have a hot meal." Mom said, "I am so proud of you!"

Jason went to bed that night thinking about the food kitchen. "I am going to help out again, "he thought. Jason made some new friends, and he didn't even know they lived so close to him in town! The best part was how good Jason felt inside.

（1）At first Jason felt bored because_______.

A. his dog was lazy

B. no one went to the pool

C. he had nothing fun to do

D. he had to clean his room

（2）In the food kitchen, Jason's Mom volunteered ______.

A. selling food

B. making soup

C. cleaning up

D. serving lunch

（3）Jason was ______________ about working in the food kitchen.

A. sorry

B. excited

C. sad

D. relaxed

（4）What can we learn from the story?

A. Helping out is fun.

B. Seeing is believing.

C. Learning cooking is important.

D. Making friends is necessary.

【答案】（1）C

（2）D

（3）B

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文将暑假的第二周因朋友都外出度假了Jason在家感到烦闷。

（1）细节题，根据There is nothing to do.和That's not fun.可知他没有什么有趣的事情可做，故选C。

（2）细节题，根据 She volunteered serving lunch to people that weren't as lucky as Jason.她

自愿给那些不如他儿子幸运的人们服务提供午饭，故选D。

（3）细节题，根据 Jason was so excited and really enjoyed his day at the food kitchen. 可知Jason对于在食物厨房工作很兴奋，故选B。

（4）主旨题，根据 Jason was so excited and really enjoyed his day at the food kitchen.和 I am going to help out again和 Jason made some new friends, and he didn't even know they lived so close to him in town! The best part was how good Jason felt inside.可知本文主要是讲述帮助是让人快乐的事情，故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解能力，主旨题是阅读理解题中常考题型，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后，找出中心思想。

6．阅读下列材料，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

You may know about "junk food" like hamburgers. But do you know about "junk sleep"?

A British survey found that electronic products（电子产品）in teenagers bedrooms are affecting（影响） their sleep.

The survey was among（在…之间） 1,000 British children from 12 to 16. It found that 30% of them got just 4 to 7 hours of sleep every day. But doctors say they need 8 to 9 hours.

Almost 25% of the kids said they fell asleep more than once a week while watching TV, listening to music or using other electronic products.

"This is very worrying." Said Dr. Chris Idzikowski, a British expert, "We call it 'junk sleep'. It means you don't get enough sleep and the quality（质量）of the sleep is bad, too. If you don't get good rest, you don't perform well in school the next day."

The survey found that 40 % of the kids felt tired each day, with girls between 13 and 16 feeling the worst. Nearly all the teenagers have a phone, Mp4 or TV in their bedrooms. And many of them have all three.

（1）This passage is mainly about______.

A. junk food

B. junk sleep

C. the importance of sleep

D. electronic products （2）_______ of the children in the survey sleep only 4 to 7 hours a day.

A. 200

B. 300

C. 500

D. 1,000（3）"Junk sleep" means _______.

A. people don't have enough sleep

B. the quality of the sleep is good

C. people don't like sleeping

D. people have enough sleep

（4）Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. Teenagers need 4 to 7 hours of sleep each day.

B. Few teenagers have a phone in their bedrooms.

C. Teenagers spend too much time on electronic products.

D. Girls between 15 and 16 spend the least time on electronic products.

【答案】（1）B

（2）B

（3）A

（4）C

【解析】【分析】主要讲了英国调查发现青少年睡觉玩电子产品会影响他们的睡眠。（1）细节题。根据But do you know about "junk sleep"?可知主要讲了“垃圾睡眠”，故选B。

（2）细节题。根据The survey was among（在…之间） 1,000 British children from 12 to 16. It found that 30% of them got just 4 to 7 hours of sleep every day.可知调查了1000个英国孩子，结果30%的孩子每天睡觉4到7小时，即1000乘以30%等于300，故选B。

（3）细节题。根据It means you don't get enough sleep and the quality（质量）of the sleep is bad, too.可知垃圾睡眠的意思是没有足够的睡眠，并且睡眠质量不好，故选A。

（4）细节题。根据Nearly all the teenagers have a phone, Mp4 or TV in their bedrooms. And many of them have all three.可知几乎所有的青少年都有电子产品，并且花费时间太多，故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。

7．阅读理解

WHICH FAMOUS PERSONS IN HISTORY WOULD YOU LIKE TO MEET AND WHY?

For me it would clearly be Leonardo da Vinci. I'd love to meet him. He was not just an artist. He seems to know a number of things that only came about hundreds of years later, like flying machines and so on. I'd like to tell him he really did see the future.

Naomi, Chicago

I'd choose Cleopatra — the last king of ancient Egypt. It was said that she

was very beautiful and she developed some really useful political alliances

（政治联盟）. Not many women were so clever and powerful in ancient times.

I'd like to have seen how she did it.

Lucinda, Nairobi

I'm Latin American, so I would name Simon Bolivar as the person I would like to meet. He was a brave leader and helped develop independence（独立）for several countries in Latin America in the nineteenth century.

Patricia, Caracas

I studied philpsophy（哲学）, so I would like to speak face-to-face with the

Great Chinese philosopher Confucious. I'd like to discuss with him about his political philosophy and his idea about family values. Even though he lived over two thousand years ago, some of his opinions are still meaningful.

Li Yun, Shanghai

A. Leonardo de Vinci's

B. Cleopatra's

C. Simon Bolivar's

D. Confucius's

（2）Which of the following is TRUE from the passage?

A. Leonardo de Vinci invented a flying machine hundreds of years ago.

B. Lucinda would like to have met Cleopatra because she was pretty.

C. Simon Bolivar improved independence of women.

D. Li Yun would like to talk with Confucious about his family values.

（3）In which part of a magazine can we read the passage?

A. Art

B. Movie

C. History

D. Science

【答案】（1）A

（2）D

（3）C

【解析】【分析】主要讲了不同人想遇见历史上哪个名人及原因。

（1）细节题。根据第一个like flying machines and so on. I'd like to tell him he really did see the future.可知达芬奇的发明如飞机已经实现了，故选A。

（2）细节题。根据最后一个I'd like to discuss with him about his political philosophy and his idea about family values.可知李云想要和孔夫子谈论他的家庭观，故选D。

（3）细节题。根据WHICH FAMOUS PERSONS IN HISTORY WOULD YOU LIKE TO MEET AND WHY?可知讲的是历史上的名人，所以可能在历史上读到，故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。

8．阅读理解

Many people enjoy watching movies in a cinema. They think the cinema has a better atmosphere（气氛）to enjoy the movie. However, I think people are happier and freer when watching movies at home.

Watching movies at home is more comfortable. To watch movies in a cinema, you have to buy a ticket before you go there for a better seat. However, there is no need for people at home to worry about the ticket. They can enjoy movies at any time they like and with the most comfortable seat. What's more, people watching movies at home wouldn't have to face any traffic problems.

It is free to watch movies at home. In the cinema, we can't go outside and do something else because the movie won't wait for us. Sometimes, if we miss part of the movie, we can't follow the story. At home, we can pause at any time and go back to watch the part.

All in all, a cinema is a good place to watch movies, but it isn't the best place to enjoy the movies. I think watching movies at home is the better.

（1）What does the writer think of watching movies at home?

A. Boring.

B. Enjoyable.

C. Interesting.

D. Difficult.

（2）What isn't the reason（理由）for the writer's watching movies at home?

A. Save more time on the road

B. Don't worry about the ticket.

C. Feel freer and happier.

D. Have better atmosphere.

（3）Which has the same meaning with the underlined word "miss"?

A. That's all, thank you, Miss Thompson.

B. He missed his watch and looked for it everywhere.

C. The hotel is just on the road, so you can't miss it.

D. When I was in America, I missed my parents very much.

（4）What is the best title for the passage?

A. Enjoy Watching Movies in a Cinema.

B. Better to Watch a Movie in a Cinema or at Home?

C. Come to My Home and Watch a Movie.

D. It's Better to Watch a Movie than a TV Show.

【答案】（1）B

（2）D

（3）C

（4）B

【解析】【分析】主要讲了作者认为在家看电影是更好的。

（1）细节题。根据However, I think people are happier and freer when watching movies at home.可知作者认为在家看电影是更快乐和更自由的，即愉悦的enjoyable，故选B。

（2）细节题。根据Many people enjoy watching movies in a cinema. They think the cinema has a better atmosphere（气氛）to enjoy the movie可知许多人喜欢在电影院看电影是因为电影院有更好的氛围，而不是作者的观点，故选D。

（3）细节题。根据文中miss可知意思是错过。A.Miss意思是女士；B.丢失；C.错过；D.思念。故选C。

（4）主旨题。根据I think watching movies at home is the better.及全文可知主要讲了作者认

为在家看电影是更好的。故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、主旨题常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

9．完形填空

Bicycles in China

Bicycles are very popular in China. In our country you can see bicycles almost everywhere. When you walk on the road, you will find a lot of people riding bicycles to school, shops and anywhere else. Therefore（因此）, China is known as “the kingdom of bicycles”. In China, many families have one or two bicycles.

Compared（与……比）with cars, bicycles have many advantages. First, they are much cheaper than cars. Most Chinese can't afford cars, but they can afford bicycles. Second, bicycles are small enough to park anywhere, while cars need a larger piece of land to park. What's more, with lower speed, bicycles are safer than cars.

However, bicycles also bring some problems. Some riders don't obey the traffic rules and some riders don't think about others' safety. So they ride too fast. During rush hours, too many bicycles may cause traffic jams. We still have a long way to go to solve the problem.

（1）Where can you see bicycles in China?

A. In the big city.

B. In the town.

C. In the country.

D. Almost everywhere.（2）“The kingdom of bicycles” here is saying ____.

A. China has a large number of bicycles

B. China makes bicycles

C. bicycles are a kingdom

D. only China has bicycles

（3）Which of the following is NOT an advantage of bicycles?

A. Bicycles are much cheaper than cars.

B. Bicycles are easy to park.

C. Bicycles are more beautiful than cars.

D. Bicycles are safer than cars.

（4）What problems can bicycles bring?

A. Bicycles are more and more expensive.

B. Riding bicycles is more dangerous than driving cars.

C. There are no places for so many bicycles.

D. Too many bicycles may cause traffic jams.

（5）What does the last sentence mean?

A. We should drive cars instead of riding bicycles.

B. It's too far to ride bicycles.

C. Bicycles are safe enough.

D. We still need to do much to solve the problem.

【答案】（1）D

（2）A

（3）C

（4）D

（5）D

【解析】【分析】

（1）根据文中“In our country you can see bicycles almost everywhere”. 可知在我们国家你几乎到处都能看到自行车。故选D。

（2）根据文中China is known as“the kingdom of bicycles”. 可知中国有大量的自行车。故选A。

（3）此选项与原文意思不符。自行车的优点文中有三处。一是便宜，二是易停放，三是安全。故选C。

（4）根据文中“too many bicycles may cause traffic jams”可知太多的自行车也能导致交通堵塞。故选D。

（5）We still have a long way to go ... 意为“我们还有很多事情要做……”故选D。

10．阅读理解

What's that in the sky? Is it a bird? Is it a plane? No, it's Hello Kitty.

That's how Lauren Rojas, 12, from the US thought of her science project. She sent her Hello Kitty doll into the sky early this month. She wanted to find out how altitude（高度）changed air pressure（气压） and temperature, according to New York Daily News.

Rojas put the doll and a small computer into a rocket model, and then sent it up with a weather balloon（气球）. The computer recorded the height, air pressure and temperature. Rojas also put in a video camera to record the trip.

"It took about two or three weeks to put it all together," said Rojas. "I think people will think it （the video） is really cool."

The balloon got to 28.5km above the Earth. At that height, the doll could see the blue curves （曲线） of our planet. The air was very thin up there, and soon the balloon broke up （爆炸）. The doll fell from the sky and at last it ended up in a tree. It was 76km from the place where it had started its journey.

（1）Rojas do her science project___________.

A. early this morning

B. early this month

C. last week

D. two or three weeks ago （2）Rojas used __________ to find out how high the doll was.

A. A rocket model

B. A weather balloon

C. A small computer

D. A video camera （3）At last the balloon broke up at the height of _________.

A. 28.5km above the Earth

B. 76km above the Earth

C. a tree

D. a plane in flight （4）Rojas did the project to find out____________.

A. how a plane or a bird flies

B. how high a Hello Kitty can fly

C. how altitude changes air pressure and temperature

D. what our planet looks like from a great height

【答案】（1）B

（2）C

（3）A

（4）C

【解析】【分析】主要讲了Lauren Rojas把Hello Kitty放到天空中想发现高度是怎样影响气压和温度的。

（1）细节题。根据She sent her Hello Kitty doll into the sky early this month.可知是月初就做实验，故选B。

（2）细节题。根据The computer recorded the height, air pressure and temperature.可知电脑记录了高度，故选C。

（3）细节题。根据The balloon got to 28.5km above the Earth. At that height, the doll could see the blue curves（曲线） of our planet. The air was very thin up there, and soon the balloon broke up （爆炸）.可知气球在海拔28.5千米的地方爆炸，故选A。

（4）细节题。根据She wanted to find out how altitude（高度）changed air pressure（气压） and temperature, according to New York Daily News.可知目的是发现高度是怎样影响气压和温度的。故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。

11．阅读理解

Do you like fruit salad? Do you want to make fruit salad by yourself？Then you can follow the steps:

Step 1: Prepare some fresh fruits, such as strawberries, bananas, apples and oranges. Yogurt is very important. It can make your fruit salad tastier. Don't forget salad. You may choose different salad as you wish.

Step 2: Wash the fruits carefully. Make sure they are clean enough.

Step 3: Cut them in different shapes if you like. Anyway, cut them into pieces.

Step 4: Put all your fruits into the plate and sprinkle some yogurt and salad. Mix and stir them. Now, your delicious fruit salad is coming. Prepare your forks and your mouth! Enjoy yourself!（1）________ can make your fruit salad tastier.

A. Fruit

B. Salad

C. Yogurt

D. Sugar

（2）________ aren't mentioned（提）in the instruction.

A. Strawberries

B. Pears

C. Apples

D. Oranges

（3）Your fruits can be in________.

A. the same shapes and pieces

B. the same shapes and halves

C. different shapes and pieces

D. different shapes and halves

【答案】（1）C

（2）B

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了制作水果沙拉的步骤。

（1）细节题。根据Yogurt is very important. It can make your fruit salad tastier可知酸奶可以让你的水果沙拉更美味，故选C。

（2）细节题。根据strawberries, bananas, apples and oranges莓、香蕉、苹果和桔子可知在说明书中没有提到梨，故选B。

（3）细节题。根据Cut them in different shapes if you like. Anyway, cut them into pieces.可以把它们切成不同的形状。不管怎样，把它们切成碎片可知水果是不同形状或小块，故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案。

12．阅读理解

Here is something about an American high school and its students.

An American high school has a few large buildings and it's big enough for about 1,500 students. Each student has a locker（储物柜）in the hallway. When they are at school, they take their textbooks and outdoor clothes out. Because American textbooks are expensive, the school libraries usually loan them to students. But they must pay for them if they lose them.

American students usually take a yellow school bus to school. Sometimes their parents drive them to school. When they are 16, most of them take a free driving class at school. Then they can drive by themselves to school.

Each day, students must take Science, Maths and English classes. They can also choose Art.

Fashion and other classes. They usually go to different classrooms for different subjects because the teachers have their own classrooms.

The school day usually ends early in the afternoon. After school, more than half of the students take part in after-school activities such as sports and join some school clubs.

（1）Where is the locker of a student?

A. At home.

B. In the hallway.

C. In the bedroom,

D. In the school library.（2）What does the underlined word "loan" mean in English?

A. buy

B. push

C. follow

D. lend

（3）Which of the following is TRUE about American high school students?

A. They have all the classes in the same classroom.

B. Students must pay for textbooks borrowed from the school libraries if they lose them.

C. A small number of them love after school activities.

D. All of them take a school bus to school every day.

（4）The passage mainly talks about _______.

A. an American high school

B. school clubs

C. after-class activities

D. education in America

【答案】（1）B

（2）D

（3）B

【解析】【分析】大意：本文讲述美国一所高中的一些事情，美国高中有一些大的足够容纳1500学生的建筑物，美国学生有一个储物柜，学校有校车，学生年满16岁会上免费开车课程，他们在不同的班上不同的课。

（1）细节题。根据Each student has a locker（储物柜）in the hallway.可知，储物柜放在走廊里，故选B。

（2）词义猜测题。根据the school libraries usually loan them to students. But they must pay for them if they lose them.可知，学校图书馆通知会把课本借给学生。但是他们丢失了课本必须赔偿，可推出loan的意思是借，故选D。

（3）细节题。根据the school libraries usually loan them to students. But they must pay for them if they lose them.可知，如果学生丢失了从图书馆借的课本，他们必须赔偿，故选B。（4）主旨题。本文主要讲述美国一所高中的一些事情，故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解能力，细节题、词义猜测题和主旨题是阅读理解题中常考题型。细节题要从文中寻找答案；词句猜测题需要联系上下文，推出词句的意思；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

13．阅读理解

Are you the kind of person that loves studying new grammar rules? Or do you dislike doing grammar exercises? Whether you love it or dislike it learning and practising grammar will help you improve your spoken and written English. Using grammar correctly is also very useful for passing exams! Here are some tips for learning grammar:

Don't worry about making mistakes. Every time someone corrects you, you learn something new. Do you know which mistakes you make most? Make a list（清单） of your mistakes and pay special attention to them.

Be patient. Maybe you can do the practice exercises, but when you're speaking you don't have time to think about the correct grammar. Don't worry, that's completely normal! If someone explains（解释） to you exactly how to swim, can you just get in the water and swim without practising? Of course not! It's just the same with grammar. The more you practise, the better you'll be.

Read and listen to English as much as possible. Think about grammar when you're reading and listening. Do you notice any differences between your language and English? Knowing what the differences are will help you get English grammar right.

Practise, practise, and practise! Try to use the new grammar you have learnt immediately. When you do the practice exercises, try writing a sentence of your own, and use that grammar next time you're speaking. This will help you remember new grammar very well.

（1）What's the passage about?

A. Some advice on how to learn English well.

B. Some tips on how to pass exams.

C. Some advice on how to learn grammar.

D. Some tips on how to improve spoken English.

（2）Which is TRUE below when you learn grammar?

A. Don't worry about making mistakes.

B. Don't make a list of mistakes.

C. Don't read or listen to English much.

D. Don't make someone correct you.

（3）What does the underlined word "patient" mean in Chinese?

A. 积极的

B. 方便的

C. 私密的

D. 有耐心的（4）What can we know from the example "how to swim" in Para. 3?

A. Practising is the key to learning grammar.

B. It's hard to learn swimming and grammar.

C. Learning swimming needs the right way.

D. It's dangerous if you can't swim.

【答案】（1）C

（2）A

（3）D

（4）A

【解析】【分析】主要讲了学习英语语法的一些建议。

（1）细节题。根据Here are some tips for learning grammar可知讲的是学习语法的一些建议，故选C。

（2）细节题。根据Don't worry about making mistakes.可知当学习语法时不要担心犯错误，故选A。

（3）细节题。根据Maybe you can do the practice exercises, but when you're speaking you don't have time to think about the correct grammar.可知做练习时没时间思考语法，所以要有耐心，故选D。

（4）细节题。根据后句The more you practise, the better you'll be.可知练习得越多你将变得越好，所以练习是学习语法的关键，故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。

14．阅读理解

Zheng He was an amazing man. He was born in 1371. Ten years later, he was caught by the army of a rich young man called Zhu Di and made to work for him. Over time the rich man saw that Zheng He was very clever and strong and they became close friends. In 1403 Zhu Di became the king of China and he asked Zheng He to join his government.

The king wanted to learn more about the world and show other countries his power. He ordered many new ships to be built and made Zheng He their leader. Between 1405 and 1433, Zheng He led some sea trips to different parts of the world. He certainly travelled to India, Africa and the Middle East. A few people think his ships have even reached South America and Australia. Each trip lasted more than one year and it is believed he sailed more than 50,000 kilometres during the years of his travels. Zheng He led a fleet with about 28, 000 men and over 250 ships, such as boats for food, water and even soldiers horses.

On these trips he took many Chinese goods like silk and medicine with him to give to foreign kings or to sell for local goods. He returned from each trip with boats which were filled with expensive things such as gold and treasures, foreign guests and strange animals like a giraffe.

It is a pity that we may never learn everything about Zheng He's travels. The Columbus of the East, Zheng He, died in 1433. After that. The new king had these trips stopped and he burned almost all the books about Zheng He's travels, because he believed the trips were unlucky and too expensive. It is only in the last 50 years that historians have begun to carefully study the adventures of great Zheng He.

（1）Why did Zhu Ii want Zheng He to sail to many different countries?

A. To learn more about the world.

B. To bring new countries under the control of China.

C. To show other countries his power.

D. Both A and C

（2）What do we know about Zheng He from the passage?

A. He travelled to India and Africa.

B. Each trip lasted six years.

C. When he died, he was 72 years old.

D. He was a great king

（3）Which of the following did Zheng He take to foreign countries from China?

A. Gold.

B. Treasures.

C. Giraffes.

D. Silk.

（4）What's the best title for this passage?

A. The king's seven sea trips

B. Zheng He's travels to Western countries

C. Zheng He—the Columbus of the East

D. Zhu Di, the great king

【答案】（1）D

（2）A

（3）D

（4）C

【解析】【分析】文章大意：短文介绍了郑和下西洋的故事，高度赞赏了郑和给予人类的贡献。

（1）细节理解题。根据文中的语句The king wanted to learn more about the world and show other countries his power. He ordered many new ships to be built and made Zheng He their leader. Between 1405 and 1433, Zheng He led some sea trips to different parts of the world. 理解可知，郑和下西洋的主要目的就是向外国学习和向别国展示他的权利，故选D。

（2）细节理解题。根据文中的语句 He certainly travelled to India, Africa and the Middle East.

A few people think his ships have even reached South America and Australia.理解可知，郑和到达了印度，非洲以及中东地区，还有人认为他们到过南美以及澳大利亚，故选A。

（3）细节理解题。根据文中的语句 On these trips he took many Chinese goods like silk and medicine with him to give to foreign kings or to sell for local goods.理解可知，郑和下西洋给外国人带去的是中国的丝绸以及药品，故选D。

（4）理解归纳题。通读全文可知此文主要介绍了郑和的生平事迹，他的最大贡献就是七

次下西洋，促进了中国与世界各地的经济与文化的交流，是东方的哥伦布，故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文主要考查细节理解题，首先仔细阅读文后的问题，弄清问题的大意；然后带着问题阅读短文，抓住关键信息，选择正确答案。

15．阅读理解

The human brain weights about 1.4 kilograms, but it can hold much more information than most computers can. However, there is another difference between humans and computers. Computers don't forget formation they are given, but humans often do. No one remembers everything and luckily we don't usually have to. But everyone can improve their memory if they want to. Here are some suggestions.

Try to use new information immediately. For example, if you meet someone who says "Hi! I'm Carlos" don't just say "Hello". Repeat the person s name. Say "______".

Break a big number into smaller parts. For example, it's hard to memorize 109244153. But if you break it into three parts——109/2447153—it becomes easier.

Write out what you need to remember again. This will help you keep it in mind longer, especially for memorizing formulas（公式） or facts.

Always receive information. If you bring what you've learned back to your mind, they become easier to remember. For example, before you go to sleep, it's a good idea to receive the new things you have learned that day.

Discuss with a friend. It is always easier to remember things through discussions. You can have a discussion about what's right and what's wrong and it will lead to the right answer.

Never tell yourself that you have a bad memory. You can always do something to help improve your memory. And everyone's memory gets better if they use it often enough.

All of the suggestions are helpful. If you follow them, you are certain to improve your memory.（1）How many suggestions are mentioned in the passage?

A. Three.

B. Four.

C. Five.

D. Six

（2）Which should be put in the blank （空格） in Paragraph 2?

A. Hello, Carlos.

B. How do you do?

C. Hello, I am Sophia.

D. Glad to meet you!（3）What can help memorize a big number more easily according to the passage?

A. To store it in a computer.

B. To break it into smaller parts.

C. To discuss it with a friend.

D. To receive it before you sleep

（4）Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. Discussing with friends can help you remember things.

B. Receiving information can help you fall asleep.

C. Formulas and facts can help you learn about your brain.

D. Human beings can improve their memory on the computer.

【答案】（1）D

（2）A

（3）B

（4）A

【解析】【分析】主要讲了提高记忆的一些建议。

（1）细节题。根据2到7段可知每段都是一个建议，所以是6个建议，故选D。

（2）细节题。根据前句don't just say "Hello". Repeat the person's name.可知不要仅仅说“Hello”，要重复这个人的名字，故选A。

（3）细节题。根据Break a big number into smaller parts.可知把一个大数字分成几个小部分可以帮助记忆，故选B。

（4）细节题。根据Discuss with a friend. It is always easier to remember things through discussions.可知和朋友讨论可以更容易记住事情，故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。

16．阅读理解

One day a king went to a faraway place in his country. When he came back, his feet hurt a lot. "There are too many small stones on the roads. They hurt my feet. You should cover every road with leather（皮革）," he told his men. Of course, it would cost a lot of money. One of his men was very smart. He told the king, "Why not cut a little piece of leather to cover your feet?" The king was surprised, and he agreed to the man's idea. He asked his men to make a pair of leather shoes for him.

Maybe this is not the beginning of leather shoes. But it teaches us a lesson of life: if you want to make this world a happy place to live in, the best way is to change yourself, not the world.（1）What happened to the king after his trip?

A. He lost his feet.

B. His feet hurt.

C. His shoes were broken.

D. Fe lost many stones.（2）What did the king want to do at first?

A. Cover all the roads with leather.

B. Cover all the roads with stones.

C. Make himself a pair of leather shoes.

D. Buy himself lots of new shoes.

（3）The kings idea was _______.

A. cheap

B. boring

C. expensive

D. exciting

（4）What did the king do at last?

A. Take away all the stones on the roads.

B. Kill cows to get enough leather.

C. Ask others to make a pair of leather shoes for him.

D. Stop travelling around the country.

【答案】（1）B

（2）A

（3）C

（4）C

【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文叙述国王的脚在一次出行之后受伤了, 就命令他的手下把所有的路都铺上皮革，但这样做却耗资巨大，一名臣子建议国王可以穿上一双皮革做的鞋子，国王同意了他的建议。故事告诉我们：如果想让这个世界生活起来更幸福的话，最好的办法就是去改变自己，去适应自己，而不是去改变这个世界。

（1）细节理解题。根据短文中的句子"One day a king went to a far place in his country. When he came back, his feet hurtalot."可知，国王的脚受了伤，故选B。

（2）细节理解题。根据短文中的句子"You should cover （覆盖）every road with leather （皮革）," he told his men."可知，国王告诉他的臣民要把路全部用皮革覆盖上，故选A。（3）细节理解题。根据短文中的句子"Of course, it would cost a lot of money,"可知，国王的这种想法要话费很多的钱，故选C。

（4）细节理解题。根据短文中的句子"He agreed to the man's idea. He asked his men to make a pair of leather shoes forhim."可知，最后国王让他的手下为他做一双皮鞋。故选C。【点评】考查阅读理解，首先通读全文，了解全文大意，其次分析问题，抓住关键词，在文中寻找相关信息，确定答案，最后再检查一遍，确保答案正确。

17．根据短文内容选择正确答案。

C

There are many kinds of animals that live in the forest, such as mice, rabbits, squirrels, bears. Animals in the forest depend on（依靠）one another for food. Many small forest animals, such as mice, eat green plants for food, and then larger animals eat them. This is called food chain. A food chain begins with the sun. The green plants in the forest use the sun's energy to make food for themselves. It's called photosynthesis（光合作用）. Mice eat flowers and seeds that forest plants produce（生产）.The mice get their energy from the plants, and the mice become food for a larger animal, such as the hunting hawk. So the energy from the sun passes from the plants to the mice to the hawk. A break（中断）in any part of this food chain means some animals may not have enough food to eat.

（1）Photosynthesis takes place when _____________.

A. larger animals eat small animals.

B. green plants use the sun's energy to make food.

C. Forest animals eat the food made by green plants.

D. The food chain is broken.

（2）What's the first link（环） in a food chain?

A. The sun

B. The earth

C. Green plants

D. Forests animals

（3）Animals sometimes cannot find enough food because _____________.

A. it's cloudy.

B. there is very little food in a forest.

C. Photosynthesis stops.

D. There is a break in the food chain.

（4）What does the food chain show about living things?

A. They depend on each other.

B. Large animals eat small animals.

C. Plants with flowers are the most important.

D. Plants are more than animals.