(完整版)初中时间状语从句语法及练习(全)
什么是状语：
句子中修饰动词、形容词等的句子成分叫状语，用来从地点、时间、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、比较、方式和伴随状况等方面修饰说明谓语。e.g. He speaks English very well（. 副词作状语）
e.g. He is playing under the tree（. 介词短语作状语）
e.g. I come specially to see you（. 不定式作状语）
e.g. If I am not busy tomorrow,I will play football with you. （从句作状语）e.g. Having had a quarrel with his wife,he left home in a bad tempe（r. 分词作状语）状语从句：
状语从句就是在复合句里起状语作用的从句，可以表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、让步、比较、方式、条件等。引导状语从句的连词叫做从属连词。状语从句的位置可以在句首，也可以在句末。放在句首时，从句后面常用逗号与主句隔开；放在句末时，从句前面往往不用逗号。
If it ' s fine tomorrow, I lw gilo with you.
I will go with you if it ' s fine tomorrow.
状语从句分类：1、时间状语从句
2、地点状语从句
3、原因状语从句
4、目的状语从句
5、结果状语从句
6、条件状语从句
7、让步状语从句
8、比较状语从句
9、方式状语从句
时间状语从句
从属连词：when, while, as, before, after, till/until, since, whenever, as soon as（就）??
时态：主将从现，主情从现，主祈从现
、When/while/as （当?时候）区别：主句动作与从句动作发生的时间
（同时/之前/之后）；从句动词（延续性/瞬时性）
1）When:
when 引导时间状语从句时表示“当??的时候”，when既可以指时间段也可指时间点，从句中既可用延续性动词又可用瞬间性动词，且动作既可和
主句的动作同时发生又可在主句的动作之前或之后发生。且when 引导的时间状语从句中一般用一般现在时表将来（主将从现）。
e.g. I will call you when I get there.
e.g. When I came home my wife was cooking dinner.
e.g. I will go home when the rain stops.
e.g. When I got to the airport，the guests had left.
A）如果when 引导的时间状语从句的主语与主句主语相同，而从句的谓语又是be动词时，那么从句中的主语和be可以省略;
e.g. When （you are） in trouble, ask her for help.
B）当when 引导的时间状语从句的主语与主句主语相同时，往往还可以省略从句的主语并用“when分+ 词”的形式替代该状语从句。
e.g. When I came into the room （=When coming into the room）, I found him lying there asleep.
2）While
while 引导时间状语从句时表示“当??的时候”，它强调主句的动作与从句的动作同时持续地进行，用于这一用法时while 引导的时间状语从句和主句中的谓语动词必须是延续性动词，或者强调主句的动作发生在从句动作的进行过程中，此时主句中的谓语动词通常是非延续性动词。记住，从句中始终是延续性动词，且从句多用进行时态。（while 还可以表示对比，译成“然而” ，放在句首可以表示“虽然” ）
e.g. I met her while I was at school.
e.g. While I was sleeping, the UFO arrived.
e.g. We were doing our homework while it was raining outside.
e.g. Study while you study; play while you play.
3）As
as 引导时间状语从句时表示① “当??时”（只引导瞬间性动词，两个动作是紧密联系的，一前一后进行），②“一边??一边??”，侧重表示两个动作同时发生（包括一个主语同时进行两个动作），③ “随着”，一种动作随着另一种动作的变化而变化从句中只能接延续动词。
e.g. He jumps as he goes along.
e.g. As the wind rose the noise increased.
【When, while , as 辨析】三者均可以表示“当??时候”，如果主句表示的是短暂性动作，而从句表示的是延续性动作（主短从延），三者可以通用。
I met Mr Li as / when / while I was walking along the street.
（1）While 意为“在??期间”，从句的谓语必须是延续性动词。
The plane had left when we got to the airport.
（2）表示带有规律性的“每当”，或者主从句动作有先后时，都只能用when. When winter comes, it becomes cold.
（3）表示“随着”时间的推移，主从句的内容是两种变化的情况，只能用
as.
As the day went on, the weather got worse.
（4）强调主句动作延续到从句所指的整个时间，只能用while.
【巩固练习】
1）I had just stepped out of the bathroom and was busily drying myself with a towel ____________________________________________________________________ I heard the steps.
A. while
B. when
C. since
D. after
2）He was about halfway through his meal a familiar voice came to his ears.
A. why
B. where
C. when
D. while
3）We were swimming in the lake suddenly the storm started.
A. when
B. while
C. until
D. before
4）—I ' m going to the post office.
—__ you ' re there, can you get me some stamps?
A. As
B. While
C. Because
D. If
5）I __ along the street looking for a place to park when the accident . A. went; was occurring B. went; occurred
C. was going; occurred
D. was going; had occurred 答案BCABC
二、B efore/after
before 引导时间状语从句时表示主句的动作发生在从句动作之前,常翻译为在“??之
前”，“??才??”或“??就??”。
e.g. See me before you leave.
e.g. Before they drive any of the buses, they will have to pass a special test.
after 引导时间状语从句时表示主句的动作发生在从句动作之后
e.g. I saw them after I arrived.
e.g. I found his pen after he has left.
【巩固练习】
He was told that it would be at least three more months he could recover and return to
work.
A. when
B. before
C. since
D. that
It was some time _ we realized the truth.
A. when
B. until
C. since
D. before
三、T ill/until/not ??until
1、肯定句：till 和until 这两个词作连词和介词时的意义和用法相同，一般可以换用（放在句首时通常用until 的形式，till 在口语中更为常见）。主句的谓语动词必须是持续性的，表示“到??为止”，“直到??才（开始）”。
e.g. Walk till you come to a white house.
e.g. We didn ' t discuss the problem until he came back.
2、否定句：Not ??until ，主句的谓语动词则为短暂性的，表示“直到??才”，若主句谓语动词为延续性动词，根据上下文可表示“没有到
??”
He didn't wait until/ till I returned. 他没有等到我回来。not until 的三种用法：
1）用在句中的基本用法
e.g. He did not appear until the concert ended.
2）与that 搭配的强调结构
e.g. It was not until the concert ended that he appeared.
3）用于句首的倒装结构主句倒装
e.g. Not until the concert ended did he appeared. 【巩固练习】
1) ___________________________________ I t is difficult
for us to learn a lesson in life ________ we
A. until
B. after
C. since
D. when
2) A good storyteller must be able to hold his listeners
the story.
A. when
B. unless
C. after
D. until
3) _________________________ I don ' t really work here; I until the new secretary arrives.
A. just help out
B. have just helped out
C. am just helping out
D. will just help out 四、 S ince
Since 引导的时间状语从句表示 “自从?? 以来”，需注意以下两
1) 引导时间状语从句时，一般指的是 “从过去的某一时间点以来 ”的概
念，表示动作从 过去一直持续到现在。从句用一般过去时，主句用完成时。
e.g. I have never seen him again since he left here.
e.g. They have been friends ever since they were in school.
2) 若表示到过去某一时间前的情况，则主句用过去时，从句用过去完成时。
通搭配为 it was+时间段 +since 过去完成时或 it is+时间段 +since 过去时 e.g. It is two years since I became a postgraduate student.
e.g. It was three years since we had been there.
3) 延续性动词相反翻译，瞬间性动词正常翻译
It is three years since I smoked a cigar.我 不抽烟三年了。
It is three years since I left there. 我离开那里已经三年了。
【巩固练习】
1)They ____ friends since they met in Shanghai.
A. have made
B. have become
C. have been
D. have turned
2)— What was the party like?
— Wonderful. It ' s been 2 years I enjoyed myself so much.
A. after
B. before
C. when
D. since
ve actually had that lesson.
curiosity he reaches the e
as soon as, immediately, directly, instantly, the moment,
the minute,
the instant, no sooner ??than ??，hardly/ scarcely ??when??和once
1）as soon as
① 表示对将来事情进行推测（用一般现在时表示将来）②对过去事情进行陈述，表示两个动作同时进行或一前一后
2）no sooner??than ??和hardly ??when??因为没有表达一种条件性，只能对过去事情进行陈述
①时态方面：主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时
②倒装同时满足三点：否定词提前、主倒从不倒、部分倒装（be、助、情提到主语之前）。I had hardly got home when it began to rain.
Hardly had I got home when it began to rain. 我一到家天就下起雨来。
【课后练习】
英语时间状语从句讲解与练习
（一）when, while 和as 引导时间状语从句的用法
一、w hen 的用法
如果只从现象来看，when 从句用的最多的是一般过去时，而主句的时态没有限制根据具体情况而定。
1.When he was a child he was always trying out new ideas. 他小时候就常常试
验一些新的设想。
2.When she came into my room, I was just reading a book. 她走进我房间时，我正在看书。
3.Were you writing when the teacher came in?老师进来的时候，你在写信吗？
4.Sorry, I was out when you called me. 对不起，你打电话来的时候我出去了。
5.He was on the point of leaving when someone knocked at the door. 他正要
走，这时有人敲门。
6.I thought of it just when you opened your mouth. 就在你要说话的时候，我也想到了。
7.I had hardly[scarcely] closed my eyes when someone knocked at the door. 我
刚一闭上眼，就有人在敲门了。
根据以上的例句，我们可以总结出一点：when 从句的 A 事件，相当于另一个事件 B 发生的时间点。也就是说，when 从句的重点不在动作本身发生的状态，而只是把它作为一个时间点，所以when 多数情况下用的是一般过去时，则不用正在进行时。因为如果用正在进行时，它表示的就是一段时间而不是一个时间点了。根据这一点，有的文章补充说：when 从句的动词大多是瞬时动词。这种说法也可以参照。
实际上，when 从句也可以有其它的时态，但几乎也不用进行时，因为它也只是作为一个时间参照点。例如：
1.When I got to the airport, the guests had left. 当我赶到飞机场时，客人们已经离开了。
2.When he had finished his homework, he took a short rest. 当他完成作业
后，他休息了一会儿。
3.Why do you want a new job when you have got such a good one already? 你已
经找到如此好的工作，为何还想再找新的？
4.You shall borrow the book when I have finished reading it. 在我读完这本
书后，你可以借阅。
5.When the manager comes here for a visit next week, I 'll talk with him about this.
下周，经理来这参观时，我会和他谈谈此事。
二、w hile 的用法
相比于when 来说，while 从句的侧重点就不一样了。while 从句的侧重点在于描述动作正在发生的状态，它的意思是：当while 事件正在发生的时候，另一件事如何如何。所以，while 从句一般用的是正在进行时。而另一件事的状态没有硬性的要求，根据具体情况而定。例如：
1.While my wife was reading the newspaper, I was watching TV. 当妻子正在看
报纸的时候，我正在看电视。
2.While Jim was mending his bike, Lin Tao came to see him. 正当吉姆修自行
车时，林涛来看他。
3.While they were talking, the bell rang. 正在他们谈话的时候，上课铃响了。
4.You can ' t do your homework while you 're watching TV. 你不能一边看电视
一边做家庭作业。
5.While John was sitting biting his nails, I was working out a plan to get us
home. 约翰坐在那里咬指甲时，我正在制定一个回家的计划。
从时间的角度来看，while 表示的是一段时间，是一个过程。这是while 的侧重点。因此，如果含有“一段时间”的含义的时候，就可以用while。
6.Strike while the iron is hot. 趁热打铁。这句话中，是说趁着铁是热的这段时间，赶紧打铁。如果换成when 意思就变了，相当于说铁只热了一下，打一下，然后铁就冷了。这显然不符合文意。
再例：
—I'm going to the post office.
—While you're there, can you get me some stamps?
三、a s 的用法
as 从句表示的也是一件事情正在发生，另一件事也正在进行当中。但与
while 从句不同的是，as 从句用的一般不用正在进行时，而只是一般过去时。as 从句一般可以翻译成“边??边??”。例如：
1.As my mother sang those old songs, tears ran down her cheeks. 当我妈妈唱
起那些老歌时，眼泪顺着她的脸颊流了下来。
2.The students took notes as they listened学. 生们边听课边做笔记。
3.As we talked on, he got more and more excited.我们继续往下谈的时候，他越来越兴奋。
4.The little girls sang as they went. 小姑娘们一边走，一边唱。
5.Just as he caught the ball, there was a tearing sound. 当他抓住球的时
候，有一种撕裂的声音。
as 表达的事件，往往只是主句动作发生的背景或条件时，as 只是一个次要的时间说明，不像while 从句有强调while 动作本身的意思。因此，as 常常
翻译成“随着??”之意。
例如：
1.As the time went on，the weather got worse. 随着时间的推移，气候更加糟糕。
2.The atmosphere gets thinner and thinner as the height increases. 随着高度
的增加，大气越来越稀薄。
3.As years go by，China is getting stronger and richer. 随着时间一年一年
过去，中国变得越来越富强了。
少数情况下，如果强调动作正在发生，as 从句也可以用正在进行时。这只
能算是特例了。
1.The sad mother sat on the roadside, shouting as she was crying. 伤心的妈
妈坐在路边，边哭边叫喊。
2.As we were going out, it began to snow. 正当我们出门时，雪开始下起来。
3.He came in as I was going to bed.我正要上床睡觉，他进来了。
四、w hen, while, as 的互换如果从句动作和主句动作同时发生，并且从句动作
为延续性动词时，when，while ，as 可以互换使用。
1.When /While /As we were dancing, a stranger came in. 当我们跳舞时，一位
陌生人走了进来。[dance 为延续性动词]
2.When /While /As she was making a phone call, I was writing a letter. 当她
在打电话时，我正在写信。[make 为延续性动词]
3.While/When/ As I was walking down the street, I noticed a police car in
front of the bank.
我顺着马路往前走时，发现银行门前停着一辆警车。
五、比较while, when, as
1）as, when 引导短暂性动作的动词。例如：Just as / Just when / When I stopped my car, a man came up to me. 我刹车后，有一个人向我走来。
2）当从句的动作发生于主句动作之前，只能用when 引导这个从句，不可用as 或while 。
例如：When you have finished your work, you may have a rest. 干完活后，你可以休息一下。
3）从句表示“随时间推移”连词能用as，不用when 或while 。
例如：As the day went on, the weather got worse. 日子一天天过去，天气越变越坏。
（二）before 和after 引导的时间状语从句
1．Before 是主句动作发生在从句的前面。注意before 引导的从句不再用否定式的谓语，并且当before 引导的从句位于主句之后，有时译成“就，
才” 。还要注意主句和从句之间的时间关系。当主句用将来时，从句总是用现在时；如果before 引导的从句谓语用的是过去时，则主句动词多用过去完成时，这样以便体现动作发生的先后。
2．After 表示主句动作发生在从句动作之后。主句和从句的动作的时间关系正好与before 引导的从句相反。例如：
It will be four days before they come back. 他们要过四天才能回来。
Einstein almost knocked me down before he saw me爱. 因斯坦几乎把我撞倒才看到我。
My father had left for Canada just before the letter arrived.我父亲恰好在信到之前去加拿大了。
They had not been married four months before they were divorced. 他们结婚还不到四个月就离婚了。
After you think it over, please let me know what you decide你. 仔细考虑过以后，告诉我你是
怎样决定的。
After we had finished the work, we went home.完成工作之后，我们回家了。 （从句用过去 完成时，主句用一般过去时）
（三）比较 until 和 till 的用法 此两个连词意义相同。肯定形式表示的意思是 “做某事直至某时 ”，动词必须是延续 性的。否定形式表达的意思是 “直至某时才做某事 ”。动词为延续性或非延续性都可以。 正确使用这两个连词的关键之一就在于判断句中的动词该用肯定式还是否定式。
肯定句： I slept until midnight. 我一直睡到半夜时醒了。
Wait till I call you. 等着我叫你。
（在肯定句中可用 before 代替。例如： Let's get in the wheat before the sun set ）s. 否定句： She didn't arrive until 6 o'clock. 她直到 6 点才到。
Don't get off the bus until it has stopped. 公共汽车停稳后再下车。 I didn't manage to do it until you had explained how. 直到你教我
后，我才会 做。
区别： 1）until 可用于句首，而 till 通常不用于句首。
例如： Until you told me, I had heard nothing of what happened.
直到你告诉我以前，出了什么事我一点也不知道。
3） until when 疑问句中， until 要放在句首。例如：
---Until when are you staying? 你呆到什么时候？
--- Until next Monday. 呆到下周一。
注意：否定句可用另外两种句式表示。
4） Not until ?在句首，主句用倒装。
例如： Not until the early years of the 19th century did man know what
heat is. 直到 19 世纪初，人类才知道热为何物。
Not until I began to work did I realize how much time I had wasted.
直到工作，才认识到我已蹉跎了许多岁月。
5） It is not until ? that ?.
例如： It was not until I began to work that I realized how much time I had wasted.
（四）巧辨 before 和 until
在日常英语教学中，我们遇到学生问这样的一些问题：
1. ____________________________ He will spend six hours at his desk he finishes his composition.
A.before
B.until
C.after
D.when
2. __________________ T he bike hit the tree I could get off.
A.when
B.before
C.while
D.until
3.I knocked at the door for more than five minutes
4.It was _ yesterday ___ be ____ the secret.
A.not until ；that ；knew
B.until ；when ；knew
C.not before ；that ；found
D.before ； that ；didn't find
怎样才能清楚地解释其选择的原因，这就涉及到 until 与 before 的区别问
Mrs white answered it. A.until B.when C.after D.before
题。实际上，只要我们把握住两者使用时本身的含义及主句动词是终止性的，还是延续性的，肯定式，还是否定式两大点，就能容易地解决这类问题。现详细阐明如下：
一、在下列情况下，两者可互换用，但含义略有不同。before 表示“在??之前”的意思，强调时间先后关系；而until 表示“直到??才”的意思，主句是肯定句则表示主句动作的终止时间；主句是否定句则强调主句动作的起始时间。
1.主句为否定式终止性谓语动词。常见的动词是
open,start,leave,arrive,finish, stop等。例如：
(1)The noise of the street didn't stop until/before it was midnight.
(2)The children won't come back until/before it is dark.
(3)I didn't leave the lovely boy until/before his mother came home.
2.主句为肯定式、延续性谓语词，这类动词用stand,stay,talk,be,wait
等。例如：
(1)He lived with his parents until/before he graduated from school.
(2)I will wait until/before he comes to my help.
(3)I shall stay heer until/before you come back.
二、在下列情况下，用before 不用until 。
1.主句这肯定式、终止性谓语动词，只用before。例：
(1)He fell asleep before I could take off his clothes.
(2)We arrived there before it atarted to rain.
(3)The holiday came to the end befor I knew it.
(4)He almost knocked me down before he saw me.
2.主句谓语动词强调动词的迟缓性，只用before，常伴有时间段状语或时间段暗示。例：
(1)It was quite some time before he found the elephant at all.
(2)We had walked a long way before we found some water.
(3)We had sailed for two days before we saw the land.
(4)T he fire lasted about four hours before the firefighters could
countrol it.
(5)It was midnight before my brother came home.
(6)It was three months before they met again.
3.如果强调从句谓语动作未发生，就发生主句谓语动作，只用before。常译为“未及”，“不”或“不等??就”。例：
(1)We can leave early in the morning before it gets too hot.
(2)I must write it down before I forget it.
(3)We do want to buy something now before prices go up.
4.表“与其说??倒不如”，“与其??毋宁??”只用before。
例：
(1)I would give up my job before I'd agree to be dismissed.
(2)He will die of hunger before he will steal.
5.在某些特定句型中用before。例如：
(1)It was not long before the whole country rose up.
(2)It will probably not be long before they understand each other.
三、下列情况一般区别用until 。
1.主句是持续性谓语动词时，肯定、否定都可以，但意义完全不同。肯定
表动作终止，而否定表动作开始。例如：
(1)We discussed the problem until/before he came bac我k. 们一直讨论到
他回来。
(2)We didn't discuss the problem until he came back.我们一直等到他回来后才讨论问题。
2.not ?until 句型尽管在某些情况下可与before 互换用，但在强调句中一
般仍用until 。
例如：
（1）It was not until he told me that I knew it.
（2）It was not until he finished his homework that he went home. 综上所述，前面的4条选择题中，第1、3题强调动作发生的迟缓性应选before。第 2 题表动作未及发生就发生主句动作也应选before。第 4 题为强调句应选 A 项。（五）其他时间状语从句的用法
1.由since 引导的时间状语从句。
since 引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的动词，又可以是瞬时动词。一般情况下，从句谓语动词用一般过去时，而主句的谓语动词用现在完成时。但在
It is ＋时间＋since 从句的句型中，主句多用一般现在时。例如：
I have been in Beijing since you left. 自从你离开以来，我一直在北京了。Where have you been since I last saw you?自上次我和你见面以后，你到哪里去了？
It is four years since my sister lived in Beijing. 我妹妹不在北京住有四年了。It is five months since our boss was in Beijing.我们老板离开北京有五个月了。知识扩展
1. It is since从。。。以来多长时间了（因为since +从句或名词，表示一段时间）
It is five years since we met last time从. 我们上次见面已经五年了。
2. It is +before?（。。。才）
It was a long time before I went to sleep again. 过了很长时间我才睡着。
It was an hour before（＝until） the police arrived. 过了一个小时，警察才
来。
2.由as soon as, immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, the instant, the minute,等引导的时间状语从句。
这些连词都表示“一??就” 。例如：
I will go there directly I have finished my breakfast. 吃完早饭，我立即到那里去。
The moment I heard the news, I hastened to the spo我t.一听到消息，马上赶到了出事地点。As soon as I reach Canada, I will ring you up. 我一到加拿大，就给你来电话。
3.由by the time 引导的时间状语从句。注意时态的变化：在一般情况下，如果从句的谓语动词用一般过去时，主句的谓语动词用过去完成时；如果主句的谓
语动词用一般现在时，主句的谓语动词用将来完成时。例如：
By the time you came back, I had finished this book到. 你回来时，我已经写完这本书了。
By the time you come here tomorrow, I will have finished this work. 你明天来这儿的时候，我将已经完成此工作了。
注意：when while as after before as soon as since till /until by the time 在时间状语从句中，要注意时态一致。一般情况下主句是将来时的时候，从句要用一般现在时。
六、练习：在下列各句的空格中填入适当的连词
1．______ he comes tomorrow, I shall ask where he has been.
2．______ he was speaking, everybody listened carefully.
3．I saw her just ___ she was getting off the train.
4．Have a good look at that man ___ you pass him.
5．It was already eight o'clock _ we got there.
6.I was about to go out ___ a visitor came.
7．We'll go to the country at the beginning of June, the summer harvest will start.
8.He learned to speak German _____ he was in Berlin.
9.Henry is in charge of the office Mr. Smith is away.
10.I listen to the recorder _ I have time.
11.He had learned Chinese ______ he came to China.
12.________ the work was done, we sat down to sum up experience.
13.I haven't seen him _____ he moved to the other side of the town.
14.I waited _____ he came back.
15.It was not ____ he took off his eyeglasses that I recognized him.
16.She likes everything to be in place she starts to work.
17.The thieves ran away _____ they caught sight of the police.
18.They decided to go back home _____ their money ran out.
19.We played outside till sunset, __ it began to rai。n
20._________ I get to the airport, I will phone you to pick me up.
21.They were about to leave _ it began to rain.
22.He always stay in bed __ lunch time.
23.I like playing tennis __ my younger sister prefers watching ball games.
24.________ I understand your viewpoint, I don 't agree with you.
25.______ she grew older, she became more responsible.
二、从 A 、B、C、D 中选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。
1. It was quiet ____ those big trucks started coming through the town.
A. before
B. after
C. until
D. unless
2. It seemed only seconds ____ the boy finished washing his face.
A. when
B. before
C. after
D. even if
3.Hardly had he reached the school gate _ the bell rang.
A. while
B. when
C. as
D. as soon as
4._______ you begin, I think you must continue.
A. When
B. Whenever
C. Once
D. Even if
5.I remembered you _____ I saw you at the airport.
A. the moment
B. while
C. after
D. once
6.He was about to go to bed ___ the doorbell rang.
A. while
B. as
C. before
D. when
7._____ I listen to your advice, I get into trouble.
A. Every time
B. When
C. While
D. Until
8.___ John was watching TV, his wife was cooking.
A. As
B. As soon as
C. While
D. Till
9.The children ran away from the orchard（果园） they saw the guard.
A. the moment
B. after
C. before
D. as Key:
1. When
2. While / When
3. as
4. when/as
5. when
6. when
7.when 8. while 9. while 10. whenever 11. before
12. After
13. since 14. till/until 15. until 16. before 17. as soon as 18. before
19. when 20. As soon as 21.when 22. until 23. while
24. While
25. As
二、1. C 2. B 3. B 4. C 5. A 6. D 7.A 8.C 9.A
初中英语语法知识—状语从句的全集汇编附答案(1)
一、选择题 1．If you _______ someone, you invite them to flight or compete with you in some way. A．encourage B．challenge C．introduce 2．—the water was cold , Wei Qinggang jumped into it to save others. A．Although B．When C．If D．Because 3．________ haburgers are junk food, many children still like them. A．If B．Unless C．Because D．Although 4．I watched the World Cup in a bar last night and I home 1:00 in the morning. A．go; until B．went; until C．didn’t go; until D．won’t go; until 5．You will never get anywhere you set a goal. So whatever we do, we should first have a goal. A．unless B．because C．though 6．Jenny often eats a lot of fruit and vegetables_______she knows they are good for health. A．because B．but C．or 7．Amy is_______ careful that she made_______ mistakes in her last exam. A．so; so few B．such; so little C．so; such few D．such; such little 8．—I’m afraid I can’t finish the job in such a short time. —Don’t worry. Can you do it if you_______ two more hours.? A．give B．are given C．will give D．will be given 9．— Would you please ask Tom to come to my office? —Sure, I will tell you about it as soon as he _______back tomorrow. A．will come B．came C．comes D．is coming 10．--______ will the discussion last? --______ we reach an agreement. A．How long; Not until B．When; Not until C．How long, Until D．When, Until 11．I don’t like science _______it’s difficult. A．but B．so C．because 12．—You look so sleepy. What’s the matter with you , Carmen? —I’ve been working for ten hours. I am__________tired ___________ I want to sleep. A．so ; that B．such; that C．between; and D．neither; nor 13．—If it________tomorrow, I’ll go fishing. — May I go along with you? A．didn’t rain B．won’t rain C．doesn’t rain 14．Joan was walking in the street________ she saw the accident.
(专题精选)初中英语语法知识—形容词的难题汇编及答案解析
一、选择题 1．I drank a large cup of coffee yesterday evening, and it kept me ______ all night. A．intelligent B．patient C．absent D．awake 2．China is ________ country in the world. A．the third largest B．the largest third C．the third large D．a third largest 3．一Lucy, do you have any plans to spend your five-day holiday? 一I will go to Xiamen a second time. I have never visited city A．a most fantastic B．the most fantastic C．a more fantastic D．the more fantastic 4．I'm surprised that Jenny is 42. I thought she was , for she seems to be in her thirties. A．younger B．older C．young D．old 5．Some students are so . They often make mistakes in their homework. A．careful B．serious C．careless D．successful 6．Choice is life’s ________ gift. It is the ability to choose some actions from a set of things to achieve a goal. A．greater B．greatest C．the greatest 7．All of us are ______ about the ______ news that Beijing will hold the Winter Olympics in 2022. A．excited; exciting B．exciting; excited C．excited; excite D．exciting; excite 8．—Let’s go to Wanda Movie Theater? It has a large screen. —But it is _____________ of all the cinemas in Jinan. A．expensive B．more expensive C．most expensive D．the most expensive 9．A walk every day is enough to keep you healthy and in good shape． A．30-minute B．30-minutes C．30 minute's D．30-minutes' 10．Mr. Black’s memory is getting . As a result, he often leaves his keys at home. A．older B．poorer C．greater D．better 11．The sky in Zhengzhou these days is even , so we don’t have to wear the masks. A．more clearly B．more clearlier C．fresher D．more fresher 12．Steven is always ready to help others. What a(n)______ boy! A．kind B．healthy C．honest D．clever 13．—More and more cities in China begin to build subways! —That’s right! It will make our lives than before. A．the busiest B．busier C．the easiest D．easier 14．— How was your job interview yesterday? —Oh, I couldn’t feel ______.I could hardly answer most of the questions they asked. A．worse B．easier C．better D．happier 15．you speak,_ your English will be. A．The less; the more B．The more; the better
初中英语语法大全知识点总结
英语语法大全 初中英语语法 学习提纲 一、词类、句子成分和构词法： 1、词类：英语词类分十种： 名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。 1、名词(n.)：表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。如：boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange. 2、代词(pron.)：主要用来代替名词。如：who, she, you, it . 3、形容词(adj..)：表示人或事物的性质或特征。如：good, right, white, orange . 4、数词(num.)：表示数目或事物的顺序。如：one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth. 5、动词(v.)：表示动作或状态。如：am, is,are,have,see . 6、副词(adv.)：修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时间、地点、程度等。如：now, very, here, often, quietly, slowly. 7、冠词(art..)：用在名词前,帮助说明名词。如：a, an, the. 8、介词(prep.)：表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。如in, on, from, above, behind. 9、连词(conj.)：用来连接词、短语或句子。如and, but, before . 10、感叹词(interj..)表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。如：oh, well, hi, hello. 2、句子成分：英语句子成分分为七种：主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。 1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。通常用名词或代词担任。如：I’m Miss Green.(我是格林小姐) 2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。主要由动词担任。如：Jack cleans the room every day. (杰克每天打扫房间) 3、表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。通常由名词、代词 或形容词担任。如：My name is Ping ping .(我的名字叫萍萍) 4、宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果,回答做的是“什么”。通常由名词或代词担任。如：He can spell the word.(他能拼这个词) 有些及物动词带有两个宾语,一个指物,一个指人。指物的叫直接宾语,指人的叫间接宾语。间 接宾语一般放在直接宾语的前面。如：He wrote me a letter . (他给我写了一封信) 有时可把介词to或for加在间接宾语前构成短语,放在直接宾语后面,来强调间接宾语。如： He wrote a letter to me . (他给我写了一封信) 5、定语修饰名词或代词,通常由形容词、代词、数词等担任。如：
(完整版)初中英语语法专题(状语从句)讲解
初中英语语法专题（状语从句）讲解 状语从句在复合句中作状语，修饰动词、形容词或副词等。状语从句可以表示时间、条件、原因、地点、目的、结果、让步、方式、比较等意义。 知识梳理：提纲挈领，抓住重点和难点！ 各类状语从句连接词（短语）一览表： 时间 when, while, as, as soon as, since, until, after, before 条件 If, unless 原因 As, because, since 地点 Where 目的 So that, in order that 结果So that, so…that, such…that 让步 though, although, even if, however 方式 As 比较 t han, (not)as…as, 时间状语从句： Whenever he comes, he brings a friend. 他每次来都带个朋友。 条件状语从句： As long as I am alive, I will go on studying. 只要我活着，我就要学习。 原因状语从句： Since we live near the sea, we enjoy nice weather.由于我们住在海边，能享受到好的天气。 地点状语从句： Put it where we can all see it.把它放在我们都能看到的位置。 目的状语从句：
Finish this so that you can start another.把这个做完，你可以开始另一个。 结果状语从句： He was so angry that he couldn't say a word. 他气得说不出话了。 让步状语从句： Though he is in poor health, he works hard.虽然他身体不好，但是他工作很努力。 方式状语从句： Students do as the teachers say.学生们按照老师说的去做。 比较状语从句： The work isn't as easy as I thought.这项工作比我想象得难。 例题解析：举一反三，学的更轻松！ 1. 易混引导词while, when, as的区别： when既可以指"时间点",与瞬间动词连用，也可以指"时间段"，与延续性动词连用 （=while）。如： When he came in, his mother was cooking. When (While) we were at school, we went to the library every day. While表示时间段,因此，while 从句的谓语动词要用延续性动词。如： Please don't talk so loud while others are working. As与when用法相似，但着重强调主句动作与从句动作同时发生，有"随着……"或"一边……一边……"之意。如： As you get older, you get more knowledge.随着年龄的增长，你获得的知识就越多。 2．Because,as,since 的区别： Because用于表示直接原因,回答why提出的问题，语气最强；As用于说明原因, 着重点在主句，常译成"由于"；since表示显然的或已知的理由或事实，常译成"既然"。如： Water is very important because we can't live without it. He didn't come yesterday as his mother was ill. I'll do it for you since you are busy.
(专题精选)初中英语语法知识—副词的真题汇编含答案
一、选择题 1．Tom gets to school early every day, so he is ___________ late for class. A．never B．sometimes C．usually 2．Harry________ eats vegetables, although it’s good for his health. A．hardly ever B．usually C．always 3．My mother ________ at five o’clock. A．usually gets B．usually gets up C．gets up usually D．get usually up 4．Jack sings _________ and he is a _________ singer(歌手). A．nice; good B．well; good C．good; well 5．Who jumped ________, Tom or Jack? A．the farthest B．furthest C．farther D．the farther 6．Li Hua studies very_______ and her English is_______ in her class. A．hardly; good B．hardly; well C．hard; best D．hard; the best 7．________of the people here live on rice, and the people there live________on wheat. A．Mostly; mostly B．Most; mostly C．Mostly; most D．Most; most 8．Being _______, the novel based upon real-life events sells ________. A．very worth being read; good B．well worth reading; good C．well worth reading; well D．very worth reading; well 9．Helen was so excited at the news that she could ________ say a word. A．ever B．almost C．hardly 10．—Every student likes Ms. Wang very much. —Yes. She________makes her lessons interesting. A．never B．always C．Sometime 11．The meeting room isn’t _______ for all the students to sit _______. A．enough big, / B．big enough, / C．large enough, in D．enough large, by 12．—Our volleyball team achieved great success in the match again. —Wow ! Few could play ______, I think. A．better B．well C．worse D．badly 13．The old man lives ___________ ， but he doesn't feel ________ . A．lonely； alone B．alone； lonely C．alone； alone D．lonely； lonely 14．—Kitty is very good at musical instruments. —Yes, she is. She can play the guitar almost her guitar teacher. A．as better as B．as good as C．as well as D．so well as 15．My uncle doesn’t like fast food, so he _____eats it.. A．always B．often C．sometimes D．seldom
(完整)初中英语语法一般现在时专题
##教育6T教材系列 一般现在时专题 时间：年月日老师电话：一、兴趣导入 猜一猜 人的一生有三天，是哪三天？ 答案：昨天、今天、明天 二、学前测试 选择题。 ( ) 1 We need some more____. Can you go and get some, please? A. potato B. potatos C. potatoes D. potatoe ( )2. What big____ the tiger has! A. tooth B. teeth C. tooths D. toothes ( ) 3. -Can we have some ___? -Yes, please. A. banana B. oranges C.apple D. pear ( ) 4 Please remember to give the horse some tree___. A. leafs B. Leaves C. leaf D. leave ( )5. She hasn't brought ____ book with her. Will you lend her ____? A. hers, your B. her, your C. hers, yours D. her, yours ( )6. China is ______ old country with ______ long history. A.an, a B. a, a C. an, the D. an, an ( )7. My sister is a student of ________. A. the First Class B. Class One C. One Class D. Class First ( )8. The government of Chongqing is building ________ cheap and good houses for the people. A. Thousand B. Thousands C. Thousand of D. Thousands of 三、知识讲解 【No. 1】一般现在时的定义及构成 1.定义：一般现在时表示现在经常反复发生的动作、存在的状态或习惯性的动作。
初中英语语法——句子成分精讲
一、句子成分精讲 句子成分：主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、补语等。 主要成分：主语和谓语 1、主语 一个句子中需要加以说明或描述的对象。主语的位置： 一般位于句首，由名词、代词、数词或相当于名词的词、短语等充当。The school is far from here. 名词做主语 She goes to school by bike.代词做主语 Eight is a lucky number.数词做主语 The blind need more help.名词化的形容词做主语 There is a pen on the desk. 名词做主语 Predicting the future is interesting.动名词做主语 To be a doctor is my dream.不定式短语做主语 2、谓语 表示人或事物(主语)的动作和存在的状态. 英语中由动词be、动词have和行为动词来充当谓语动词 句子的时态和语态是通过谓语表现出来。 谓语动词往往由一个或一个以上的助动词或情态动词加上主要动词构成。分析句子的主语和谓语 Mr. Li teaches English. He can play the piano. My parents and I are having dinner. 3、表语 用来说明主语的身份、特征、性质、状态。 表语的位置 用在动词be和系动词的后面。 名词、代词、数词、介词短语、副词等都可以和连系动词一起构成复合谓语。 Y our pen is on the desk. He got very angry. My dream is to have a robot. 常见的系动词
初中英语语法状语从句讲解专项练习及答案
初中英语语法状语从句讲解专项练习选择合适的连接词，完成下列句子。 spends a lot of money on books______he is not rich. fell into sleep ______she was listening to the music. David at school today ----No. He is at home ______he has a bad cold. , won't have supper ______my mother comes back. to him slowly ______he may understand you better. 6. ______ she doesn't come on Sunday, I'll go fishing by myself. is four years ______I had left that small village. 8. ______the air moves, it is called wind. will go to the park ______it doesn't rain tomorrow. boys did ______much work. are few new words in the passage ______we can't understand it. ? back ______you come from. reached the station ______the train had left. you have a swimming pool ----No, we don't. At least, not ______big ______yours. me your paper ______you have finished it. is raining hard, ______we have to stay at home. 17. ______you work harder, you'll never pass the final exam. after the children ______I am out. ' village is ______far away ______I can't get there on foot. is ______an interesting book ______I can't stop reading it. 能力提高练习 1 ( ) 1 The meeting didn't start___ everyone was there. A. because B. until C. why D. if ( ) 2 The boy ___ to bed ___ his mother came in. A. went not; until B. didn't go; after C. went; until D. didn't go; until ( ) 3 I won't believe you___ I have seen it with my own eyes. A. before B. until C. after D. when ( ) 4 He ___ home ___ she was satisfied ___ his answer yesterday. A. didn't go; until; with B. wasn't go; after; to C. doesn't go; before; with D. didn't go; until; to ( ) 5 He ___ back until the work ___ done. A. isn't; will be B. isn't; is C. won't be; will be D. won't be; is ( ) 6 They didn't start the work ___ their teacher came back. A. until B. while C. as soon as D. if 2 ( ) 1 Tom will call me as soon as he ___ Shanghai. A. arrives B. will reach C. arrives in D. get to ( ) 2 I'm sure he'll come to see me before he ___ Beijing. A. will leave B. is leaving C. leave D. leaves ( ) 3 I will tell him the news as soon as he___ back. A. come B. comes C. will come D. came 3 ( ) 1 Tom has got a watch. He ___ it for two years. It _______ by his father. A. has bought; was bought B. has got; is bought , C. was bought; has bought . D. has had; was bought "' ( ) 2 When he got to the station, the train ___. A. left B. had left C. leaves D. has left
初中英语语法知识点总结-句子的基本结构
初中英语语法知识点总结-句子的基本结构
3)表延续的动词: remain, keep, hold, stay, rest等。 5、定语：对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子。 The black bike is mine.（形容词） The boy in blue is Jim.（介词短语） I have nothing to do today.（动词不定式） 注意：1) 当定语修饰不定代词如：nothing , anything , everything , something等时，定语要放在其后作后置定语。例如： I tell him something interesting. 2) 不定式、短语或从句作定语时，也放在被修饰的名词之后。 例如：The boys who are in the room are playing games. 6、状语：用以修饰adj. /v. /adv.及全句，位置灵活。 1、修饰形容词或副词时，通常位于被修饰的词之前； I am very sorry. 2、表示时间、地点、目的的状语一般位于句子两头，强调时放在句首。In order to cheer him up, I told him the truth. They are writing English in the classroom. 3、一些表示不确定时间（如：often）或程度（如：almost）的副词状语通常位于be动词、助动词、情态动词之后，动词之前。 We often help him.
He is always late for class. 7、补语：补充说明宾语的情况。由n./adj./介宾/分词/不定式等担任。常位于宾语后。 He made me sad.（形容词） She asks me to take an umbrella.（不定式） The war made him a soldier.（名词） I find him at home.（介词短语） I saw a cat running along the wall.（分词） 8、同位语：同位语是句子成分的一种, 它位于名词、代词后面, 说明它们的性质和情况, 它可以由名词、代词、名词性短语或从句充当。Tom, our monitor, is a handsome boy. I myself will do the experiment. She is the oldest among them six. 一）. 简单句五种基本句型： 句子包含主要句子成分(主语、谓语)和次要句子成分(表语、宾语、宾语补足语),按照动词的性质将英语简单句划分为以下五种基本句型：1、基本句型的词序：
初中英语状语从句
初中英语状语从句 【考点直击】 1. 时间状语从句 2. 条件状语从句 3. 原因状语从句 4. 结果状语从句 5. 比较状语从句 6. 目的状语从句 7. 让步状语从句 8. 地点状语从句 【名师点睛】 用来修饰主句中的动词，副词和形容词的从句叫状语从句。根据其含义状语从句可分为时间状语从句，地点状语从句，条件状语从句，原因状语从句，结果状语从句，比较状语从句，目的状语从句，让步状语从句。 1. 时间状语从句 (1)时间状语从句常用when, as, while, before, after, since, till, until, as soon as等连词来引导。例如： It was raining hard when got to school yesterday. While he was doing his homework, the telephone rang. As he walked along the lake, he sang happily. He had learned a little Chinese before he came to China. After he finished middle school, he went to work in a factory. (2)在时间状语从句里，通常不用将来时态，用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。例如： I’ll ring you up as soon as I get to New York. I will tell him everything when he comes back. He won’t believe it until he sees it with his own eyes. (3)在带有till或until引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句里，如果主句用肯定式，其含义是“一直到……时”，谓语动词只能用延续性动词。如果主句用否定式，其含义是“直到……才……”, “在……以前不……”, 谓语动词可用瞬间动词。例如：The young man read till the light went out. Let’s wait until the rain stops. We won’t start until Bob comes. Don’t get off until the bus stops. 2. 条件状语从句 (1)条件状语从句通常由if, unless引导。例如： What shall we do if it snows tomorrow? Don’t lea ve the building unless I tell you to. (2)在条件状语从句里，谓语动词通常用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。例如： I’ll help you with your English if am free tomorrow. He won’t be late unless he is ill. (3)“祈使句+ and (or)+ 陈述句”在意思上相当于一个带有条件状语从句的复合句。例如： Hurry up, or you’ll be late. =If you don’t hurry up, you’ll be late. Study hard and you will pass the exam. =If you study hard, you will pass the exam. 3. 原因状语从句 (1)原因状语从句通常由because, since, as引导。例如： He didn’t come to school because he was ill. As it is raining, we shall not go the zoo. Since you can’t answer the question, I’ll ask someone else. (2)because表示直接原因，语气最强。Because引导的原因状语从句多放在主句之后。回答由why提出的问题，只能用because。
初中英语语法--名词专题(含练习)
名词（一） 一、名词的概念：在我们身边存在着形形色色的人和事物，它们都有自己的称呼，我们用来称呼它们的词就是名词，概括来说表示人、事物、地方、现象等的名称的词都叫名词。 二、名词的分类： 1．专有名词：它的第一个字母通常大写。 a. 人名、地名、国名等例如：Lucy, Shanghai, China b.组织、团体、机构等例如: the United Nations c.语言、星期、月份等例如：English, Friday, March (注意介词in/on/at的用法) 注意：国家与人的对应 China----- Chinese America---- American(s) Australia---- Australian(s) Canada---- Canadian(s) Japan---- Japanese Germany---- German(s) France----Frenchman(Frenchmen) GB----Englishman(Englishmen) 2．普通名词： （1）不可数名词：不可以直接以数字计算的名词。例如：snow, air, water, rice, paper, work, news(新闻)，food, rain, weather, juice, milk, meat, money ，English, fruit , information … 不可数名词要表示具体数量，必须借助of短语。如不能说one bread，但是可以说one piece of bread和two pieces of bread。 只能用来修饰不可数名词的表示数量的一些词或短语： little很少的（表示否定）；a little一些（表示肯定），much（许多），how much （多少），a bit of（一些） 既能用来修饰可数名词又能用来修饰不可数名词的表示数量的一些词或短语：some(一些，用于肯定句), any（一些，用于否定和疑问句）a lot of (许多), lots of(许多) ★不可数名词量的表示方法：计量词+of 例如：a piece of news a cup of tea a piece of bread two pieces of news two cups of tea two pieces of bread 注意：a bag of apples
初中英语语法：句子结构
语法：句子结构 课题：初中英语中的句子结构 重点：句子的结构成分 难点：分析并列句和复合句中的各个成分 一、以练习导入课 【Practice】引导学生自己解释所考知识点 1.---Excuse me,could you tell me________? ----It will leave at4:00p.m. A.how will you go to Shanghai B.how you will go to Shanghai C.when will the bus leave for Shanghai D.when the bus will leave for Shanghai 2.Could you tell me________? A.what is your job B.what your job is C.your job is what D.what was your job 3.---Could you tell us how long________?---About three years. A.does the sports meeting last B.the sports meeting will last C.the sports meeting last D.will the sports meeting last 4.I'm not sure______Mr Wang is coming or not. A.that B.about C.of D.whether 5.---I don't know_____he will come tomorrow. ---Don't worry.______he comes,I'll let you know. A.whether;If B.if;Whether C.when;Whether D.that;If 6.Jane didn't go to school today,but no one knew_________. A.what had happened to her B.what has happened to her C.what's the matter with her D.how was she 7.I don't mind______they will come. A.if or not B.whether nor not C.whether or no D.if or no 总结： 【Student can sum up the knowledge points】简单句、并列句和复合句1）简单句：只有一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语（或并列谓语）。 2)并列句：相互之间没有从属关系，是平行并列的关系。它们之间用连词连结。【句型】简单句+并列连词+简单句
人教版初中英语语法专练专题二长难句突破
专题二长难句突破 模拟闯关 分析下面的长难句并写出每句的译文 1.(2018课标全国卷Ⅱ)When combined with berries or slices of other fruits, frozen bananas make an excellent base for thick, cooling fruit shakes and low fat “ice cream”. 本句为①。句中非谓语动词combined作②。 【译文】 答案①简单句②状语 【译文】当与浆果或者其他的水果片混合在一起时,冷冻的香蕉就会成为一种极好的用来制作浓浓的冷果昔和低脂“冰激凌”的基本材料。 2.(2018课标全国卷Ⅰ)The eight-part series(系列节目), Save Money: Good Food, follows in the footsteps of ITV's Save Money: Good Health, which gave viewers advice on how to get value from the vast range of health products on the market. 本句为①。句中Save Money: Good Food为②,which引导 ③,在从句中作④;how to get value from the vast range of health products on the market作介词on的⑤。 【译文】 答案①主从复合句②同位语③定语从句④主语 ⑤宾语 【译文】由八部分组成的系列节目Save Money: Good Food 跟随ITV的节目Save Money: Good Health的足迹,给观众提供了关于如何从市场上各种各样的健康产品中获得价值的建议。 3.(2018课标全国卷Ⅰ)In order to pass the class, among other criteria, we had to write a paper on how we plan to apply what we would learn in class to our future professions and, eventually, to our lives. 本句为①。句中In order to引导的不定式短语作②,how引导③。 【译文】