第九届河南省翻译竞赛试题及参考译文-专科组-附分值
第九届河南省翻译竞赛试题——专科组
I. Translate the Following Passage into Chinese. (50 Points)
A superstition is a belief people hold which is not based on reason. There is no logic to superstitions. These beliefs often go against the laws of nature as we know them. People who have superstitions, or who are superstitious, believe that they can either bring themselves good luck or avoid bad luck or disasters by acting in certain ways. An example of this involves salt. When some people spill salt, they immediately take some of it and throw it over their left shoulder. In this way, they feel they will avoid bad luck.
Why do people believe in superstitions? How did they begin to think that they could control their luck?
People in ancient times believed that the gods controlled their lives and all of nature. They tried to keep their gods happy by giving them gifts. When there were natural disasters, people thought that the gods were angry with them, so they tried to make the gods happy again.
Many superstitions have been held by people for centuries. Yet there is little need for them today, since people in most parts of the world don’t believe that there are a lot of gods.
We no longer try to make the gods happy with gifts or to keep them from anger with certain actions. Somehow, however, many of the actions continue in modern times. We still have our superstitions.
In ancient times, people thought their gods lived on the tops of mountains. They therefore believed that anything above them was nearer to their gods than they. Naturally, they thought that birds were messengers from the gods. People also believed that birds carried their souls to the gods when they died.
II. Translate the Following Passage into English. (50 Points)
小时候我害怕狗。记得有一回在新年里，我到伯父家去玩。在他那个花园内，一条大黑狗追赶我，跑过几块花圃。后来我上了楼，才躲过了一场灾难，并没有让狗嘴咬坏了我的腿。
以后见着狗，我总是逃，它也总是追；而且屡屡望着我的影子狺狺狂吠。我愈怕，狗愈凶。
怕狗成了我的一种病。
我渐渐地长大起来。有一天不知道因为什么，我忽然觉得怕狗是很可耻的事情。看见狗我便站住，不再逃避。
我站住，狗也就站住。它望着我狂吠，它张大嘴，它做出要扑过来的样子。但是它并不朝着我前进一步。
它用怒目看着我，我便也用怒目看着它。它始终保持着我和它中间的距离。
这样地过了一阵子，我便转身走了。狗立刻追上来。
我回过头。狗马上站住了。它望着我恶叫，却不敢朝我扑过来。
参考译文
英译汉
○1迷信是人们持有的在道理上没有根据的一种信念，毫无逻辑可言。（3分）○2正如我们所知，这些信念经常是违背自然规律的。（3分）○3迷信的人们认为，以一定的方式行事，便能给自己带来好运，或能避开厄运和灾难。（3分）○4一个与盐有关的行为可以作为例子，（2分）○5如果有些人把盐弄撒了，就会马上抓些盐扔过左肩。（2分）○6这样一来，他们觉得就能摆脱厄运了。（2分）
○7人们为什么相信迷信呢？（1分）○8他们怎么开始认为能掌握自己的命运的呢？（2分）
○9古代的人相信是神灵掌握着他们的生命和自然界的一切。（3分）○10他们给神灵上贡，力图让神灵保持高兴。（2分）○11每当遇到自然灾害时，人们认为那是神灵生他们的气了，于是便设法使神灵再高兴起来。这就是，我们认为以某种方式行事就能够影响自己命运这一念头的由来。（5分）
○12许多迷信观念已经被人们奉行好多个世纪了。（2分）○13但现在却不需要它们了，因为在世界上大多数地方，人们都不相信有神灵了。（3分）
○14我们不再以奉献贡品来取悦神灵或以某种行为请神灵不发怒（3分）。○15然而，由于某种原因，时至今日，许多迷信活动仍在继续，（3分）○16我们仍然迷信。（1分）○17在古代，人们认为他们的神灵住在山顶。（2分）○18因此他们相信任何高于他们的东西都比他们离神灵更近。（3分）○19他们自然会认为鸟是来自神灵的信使。（2分）○20人们还相信，死后鸟会把他们的灵魂带到神灵那里去。（3分）
汉译英
○1I used to be afraid of dogs when I was a child.（3分）○2One day during the lunar new year, I remember, I happened to be chased after by a big black dog while I was playing about in the garden of Uncle’s home.（5分）○3Fortunately, after running past several flower beds, I gave him the slip by rushing upstairs in a building, thus avoiding the mishap of having my legs bitten by the fierce animal.（5分）○4From then on, I always played the fugitive while the dog the pursuer. （3分）○5He would bark furiously at the sight of me. （3分）○6And the more scared I was, the fiercer he became.（3分）
○7I developed a canine phobia.（2分）
○8As I was growing up, one day it suddenly downed on me somehow that it was shameful to be afraid of a dog. （3分）○9Hence instead of shying away in fear, I stood confronting him.（3分）
○10I stood firm and so did he. （2分）○11He barked angrily with his mouth wide open as if he were about to run at me. （3分）○12But, nevertheless, he never moved a single step towards me. （3分）
○13He glowered at me, and so did I at him. （2分）○14But he always kept the same distance between us.（3分）
○15After a time, the minute my back was turned he immediately followed in pursuit.（3分）
○16However, as I looked back he stopped right away and stood barking at me savagely, but dare not attack me.（4分）
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4. 由于天气不好，校运会不得不推迟。 ______ ______ the bad weather， the school sports meet had to ______ ______ ______. 5. 保护环境和发展经济同样重要。 Protecting environment is ______ ______ ______ developing economy. 6. 你是怎样与你的邻居相处融洽的? ______ can you get on well ______ your neighbours? 7. 刘老师是位非常亲切的老师，以致于我们把她当做自己的母亲。 Mrs. Liu is ______ ______ kind teacher______ we ______ her ______ our mother. 8. 他问我今天是否有空。 He asks me ______today. 9. 下定决心努力学习吧，你迟早会成功的。
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C．秦之遇将军遇：遭遇D．顾计不知所出耳顾：只是 10．下列加点词的意义和用法，相同的一组是 A．乃请荆卿日乃遂私见樊於期 B．可以解燕国之患愿得将军之首以献秦 C．今闻购将军之首太子闻之，驰往 D．秦王必喜而善见臣伏尸而哭，极哀 11．下列句中加点的词语与现代汉语意思相同的一项是 A．樊将军以穷困来归丹B．樊於期偏袒扼腕而进日 C．吾每念，常痛于骨髓D．丹不忍以己之私，而伤长者之意 1 2．下列对文章内容的理解和分析，不正确的一项是 A．文章开端，一连用六个动词，写出秦军所向披靡、燕国危如累卵的形势，营造了紧张的气氛。 B．荆轲提出用樊将军首级与督亢地图作为信物取得秦王信任，具有超人的胆识和非凡的智谋。 C．樊於期明白荆轲的行动计划后，甘愿自刎献头，体现了他的豪爽慷慨、义勇刚烈、热肚直肠。 D．太子丹不忍心杀樊於期，樊於期自杀后他又伏尸痛哭，这些均反映了他的懦弱和妇人之仁。 1 3．请把上面文言文中划横线的句子翻译成现代汉语。(每小题2分，共4分) (1)今行而无信，则秦未可亲也。 (2)然则将军之仇报，而燕国见陵之耻除矣。
第十届翻译竞赛原文文档
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牛津版初中英语七年级上册句子翻译综合复习专题练习附答案
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翻译作业(2)及作业(1)答案
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河南名人大全
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《王翦传》原文及译文赏析
《王翦传》原文及译文赏析 （秦）王问于将军李信曰：“吾欲取荆①，于将军度用几何人而足？”李信曰：“不过用二十万。”王以问王翦，王翦曰：“非六十万人不可。”王曰：“王将军老矣，何怯也！”遂命李信、蒙恬将二十万人伐楚；王翦因谢病归频阳。 李信攻平舆，蒙恬攻寝，大破楚军。信又攻鄢、郢，破之，于是引兵而西，与蒙恬会城父，楚人因随之，三日三夜不顿舍②，大败李信，入两壁，杀七都尉；李信奔还。 王闻之，大怒，自至频阳谢王翦曰：“寡人不用将军谋，李信果辱秦军。将军虽病，独忍弃寡人乎！”王翦谢病不能将，王曰：“已矣，勿复言！”王翦曰：“必不得已用臣，非六十万人不可！”王曰：“为听将军计耳。”于是王翦将六十万人伐楚。 王送至霸上，王翦请美田宅甚众。王曰：“将军行矣，何忧贫乎？”王翦曰：“为大王将，有功，终不得封侯，故及大王之向臣，以请田宅为子孙业耳。”王大笑。王翦既行，至关，使使还请善田者五辈。或曰：“将军之乞贷亦已甚矣！”王翦曰：“不然，王怚中③而不信人，今空国中之甲士而专委于我，我不多请田宅为子孙业以自坚，顾令王坐而疑我矣。” 王翦取陈以南至平舆。楚人闻王翦益军而来，乃悉国中兵以御之；王翦坚壁不与战。楚人数挑战，终不出。王翦日休士洗沐，而善饮食，抚循之；亲与士卒同食。久之王翦使人问：“军中戏乎？”对曰：“方
投石、超距④。”王翦曰：“可用矣！”楚既不得战，乃引而东。王翦追之，令壮士击，大破楚师，至蕲南，杀其将军项燕，楚师遂败走。王翦因乘胜略定城邑。 （选自《资治通鉴》） 注：①荆：即楚国，因有荆山，故又称荆。②顿舍：停驻，休息。 ③怚(cū)中：粗心。④超距：跳远。 6．对下列句中加点的词语的解释，不正确的一项是（）（3分）A．李信奔还（奔：逃跑） B．故及大王之向臣，以请田宅为子孙业耳（及：趁着） C．今空国中之甲士而专委于我（委：托付） D．王翦坚壁不与战（壁：墙） 7．下列各组句子中，直接表明王翦“为将才干”的一组是（）（3分） ①入两壁，杀七都尉②必不得已用臣，非六十万人不可 ③王翦既行，至关，使使还请善田者五辈④王翦坚壁不与战 ⑤王翦日休士洗沐，而善饮食，抚循之⑥楚既不得战，乃引而东 A．①③⑤B．①④⑥C．②③⑥D．②④⑤ 8．下列对文章的概括和分析不正确的一项是（）（3分） A．李信带领二十万秦军最初也取得节节胜利，但战事深入后走向失败，秦王意识到原先的错误，向王翦认错，重新取用了王翦。 B．王翦尽管有情绪，但当国家需要时，他义无反顾带领军队攻打楚军，这表现了王翦不计个人恩怨，以国家利益为重的品格。
(完整版)初中英语句子翻译及答案
基本句子翻译 1.下次你应该早点儿来这儿。 2.你最好不要单独去游泳。 3.让我们开始讨论这个难题吧。 4.这箱子太重，这小孩搬不动。 5.每天我父亲去上班需要一个半小时。 6.瞧!树下有一位老人正在观看孩子们玩游戏。 7.我感到这个问题很难回答。 8.虽然他们个子不太高，人也不太强壮，但他们是一支很好的队伍。 9.你的英语学习情况怎样? 10.当我们到达火车站时，火车已开走了。 11.这位老人已当了30 多年英语老师了。 12.她脸色显得很焦急，因为她妈妈已病了些时候了。 13.中华人民共和国成立于1949 年10 月1 日。 14.如果你不理解这篇课文，可以请教老师。 15.这两种语言有什么差异? 16.为了将来更好地为人民服务，我们学习非常刻苦。. 17.据说城里又建造了一所医院。 18.据说今天下午开班会，但你最好去证实一下。 19.她宁愿和我们一道去也不愿呆在家里。 20.星期天我宁愿看书也不愿玩。 21.这颗新星是一位中国科学家发现的。 22.他给我们提供了一条有用的信息。 23.请立刻给我带两瓶牛奶来吧。 24.你们最好不要在大街上踢足球。 25.他已被派到西藏(Tibet)工作去了吗7 26.教育上已取得了很大的成绩。 27.不要嘲笑那些遇到麻烦的人。 28.我把窗户关上你不介意吧? 29.做完作业后，他又接着给父母写了一封信。 30.他用了三周时间看完了这本书。 31.不要躺在床上看电视，这对你的眼睛有害。 32.从那以后我不再是个学生了。 33.我朋友因唱歌而出了名。
34.你吃得越多，长得越胖。
35.他告诉了我，我才知道这件事。 36.你能告诉我从上海到北京乘火车需要多长时间吗? 37.从北京到上海的单程票价是多少? 38.我不仅会说英语，而且会说法语。 39.他给我们讲了那么多有趣的故事，我们都哈哈大笑。 40.那城市的变化使他们感到惊奇。 41.他们对你们的工作评价很高。 42.如今，人们彼此间仍旧做着相同的事。 43.使我吃惊的是，最后他考试及格了。 44.我已经提醒他要提防这个人。 45.球迷们(fan)正忙于看“世界杯”。 46.老师要求我们保持教室内的清洁和安静。 47.孩子们最好不要过多地玩电脑游戏。 48.我们坚信中国明天会更美好。 49.必须采取措施防止这类事故再次发生。 50.这座山没有你想像得那么危险。 51.从今以后，你必须更加小心。 52.我想这是我读过的最好的小说(novel)之一。 53.虽然他已不在人世，但他的精神还继续存在。 54.他关心别人胜过关心自己。 55.他们努力地干，以便尽快完成这项工作。 56.当你离开的时候，务必关掉所有的机器。 57.那座山上终年积雪。 58.我听说三分之二的工作已完成了。 59.他不知道他妈妈为什么生他的气。 60.我叔叔以前是个司机，而现在他是医生。 61.别着急，迟早你会找到你的自行车的。 62.他以能在一小时内完成这么艰巨的工作而自豪。 63.到目前为止，工人们已在这条河上建了三座桥了。 64.这种杯子是用来喝酒的。 65.恐龙生活在地球上距今已有l 亿5 干多万年了。 66.英语在世界上被用做一种有用的工作语言。 67.大多数水稻都生长在南方。 68.许多国家已向太空发射了人造卫星。 69.你能告诉我他现在住在哪儿吗?