大学生翻译竞赛必备真题

2010河南翻译竞赛参赛原文

MARKETING ACTIVITIES AFTER RELEASE

During and after release of a film, media attention can be attracted to the film location. The Tourism Authority of Thailand (TAT), for example, heavily advertised its attractions during release of the film The Beach. The marketing campaign included a substantial amount of joint activity with 20th Century Fox and aimed to capitalize on the expected further popularity of Thai beaches in the wake of the film. In addition to advertising heavily in cinemas, TAT sent United Kingdom journalists and travel agents on familiarization trips, and awareness campaigns included financing a holiday prize on a BBC television game show with a quiz themed around The Beach.

Promoting the destination during the screening of a film is another way to attract attention to a destination. The Scottish Tourist Board distributed direct-response postcard adverts in cinemas that were screening Braveheart, inviting viewers to send for information on Braveheart Country. Branding a destination around a movie like this is quite common. The district of Hambleton in North Yorkshire, for example, branded itself Herriott Country, developing The World of James Herriott Museum following the success of All Creatures Great and Small.

Collaborative campaigns with the film industry are a powerful way to induce film tourists. DMOs(destination marketing organizations) are beginning to forge relationships with film commissions to track productions and film releases so the organizations are in a position to act as soon as they see the signs of film tourism. Executives at VisitBritain attempt to plan with a studio at least 12 months in advance of a film’s release date. In the Bahamas, where the film commission is under the auspices of the Ministry of Tourism, the ministry is involved immediately after it receives a script. It invested US$16 million on the recent film After the Sunset, starring Pierce Brosnan, to ensure maximum exposure for the island. The Bahamas realized the potential of promoting tourism through films after the Beatles filmed “Help!”there in 1964. Now it gets involved in films at the outset. The Australian Tourism Commission (ATC) also is very proactive in forging relationships with the film industry. Recently, it collaborated with Disney on Finding Nemo, being the first DMO to try promotion through an animated film.

Movie maps have been found to be successful as part of a film tourism marketing campaign. VisitBritain produced its first movie map campaign in 1996. The movie map featured 200 film and TV locations around Britain from 60 years of British film history and quickly became VisitBritain’s most successful printed product. It generated extensive media coverage both at home and overseas, prompting people to discover different parts of Britain as they followed in the footsteps of their screen heroes. Other destinations that have produced movie maps for various film locations include Seattle, New York, Australia, and Mississippi.

Other marketing activities can include guided tours and film walks. A recent travel magazine listed 25 film tourism destinations with detailed information about tour packages developed just for film tourists. There are numerous examples of such tours. In California, a local tour company

capitalized on the success of the movie Sideways, mentioned above, by creating a popular Sideways tour. Even before the Nicolas Cage film National Treasure was released, the Washington, D.C., tourism Web site was advertising a National Treasure Tour—a self-guided tour that followed in the footsteps of the actor. Journey Latin America, a tour operator in the United Kingdom, also preempted the film Motorcycle Diaries by organizing a 3-week Motorcycle Diaries tour from Buenos Aires to Lima. After Harry Potter, several tour operators set up to show visitors around the many movie locations featured in the film, and the James Bond films have spurred many imaginative packages from tour operators.

Hotels, guest houses, attractions, and museums used in films are often promoted to the public to generate tourism. The Crown Hotel at Amersham, England, makes a point of promoting the very room used by stars Hugh Grant and Andie MacDowell in Four Weddings and a Funeral. On the Greek island of Mykonos, tourists can take a room at the Manoulas Beach Hotel, scene of the film Shirley Valentine. Museums are also often used to promote the history behind a particular film. The Istanbul Archaeology Museum, for example, reopened its Ancient Troy exhibit after 9 years

of closure to respond to tourist demand after the release of the US$200 million blockbuster Troy in 2004.

Finally, having a dedicated film Web site that links the film to locations and location tours also is deemed important. Internet linking of film to place was emphasized in New Zealand, where Tourism New Zealand developed part of its Web site specifically promoting The Lord of the Rings and its film sites throughout New Zealand. After the 2002 Academy Awards and a series of ads announcing New Zealand as best supporting country, the nation’s tourism Web site had more than 1 billion hits within a year.

电影上映后的旅游营销活动

电影一旦上映，拍摄电影的外景地就会受到媒体的关注。例如，泰国旅游局在电影《海滩》发行期间就推出大量的广告宣传其旅游胜地。因为人们预料电影《海滩》上映后，泰国海滩会更受欢迎，泰国国家旅游局便与二十世纪福克斯公司通力合作，大力开展旅游营销活动，以期从中获利。除了在电影院进行大量的广告宣传外，泰国旅游局还组织英国记者和旅行社到泰国海滩旅行，与海滩亲密接触，并在英国广播公司电视游戏节目秀上，围绕《海滩》设置谜题，为获胜者提供度假奖，借此发起认知海滩活动。

另一种吸引人们注意力的方式是在电影放映时对旅游胜地进行宣传。电影《勇敢的心》放映时，苏格兰旅游局在电影院里分发直接反馈式明信片广告，欢迎观众利用明信片获取有关《勇敢的心》拍摄地的信息。像这样借助电影把旅游地打造成品牌的方式是很常见的。例如，电影《万物生灵》取得成功后，北约克郡的汉密尔顿区就把赫里奥特之乡打造成自己的品牌，并建立了詹姆斯赫里奥特世界博物馆。

和电影业合作是另一种吸引电影游客的强有力的手段。旅游胜地营销机构正在与电影委员会建立关系，追踪电影的制作和发行，一旦发现有发展电影旅游业的商机便立即行动。英国旅游局的管理人员至少在电影发行之前一年就和电影制片厂共同谋划。在巴哈马群岛，旅游局对电影委员会进行赞助，电影委员会拿到剧本后，旅游局会立即参与其中。在一部新拍的，由明星皮尔斯?布鲁斯南领衔主演的电影《鬼胆神偷》中，当地旅游局投资了一千六百万美元，以确保对巴哈马半岛的最大曝光率。早在1964年，甲壳虫乐队在巴哈马拍完电影《救命》

后，这里的人们就意识到利用电影促进旅游发展的潜力。现在，电影一开始拍摄，旅游局就参与其中。澳大利亚旅游委员会也积极主动地与影视业建立关系。最近，他们与迪士尼公司合拍了《海底总动员》，成为第一个借助动画片进行营销的机构。

利用电影地图也是一种成功的电影旅游业营销手段。英国旅游局于1996年第一次推出了电影地图活动。这张电影地图向人们展示了英国六十年电影发展史上遍布全国的两百个电影电视外景拍摄的外景地。该地图一经推出，迅速成为英国旅游局最成功的印刷产品，国内外新闻媒体对其进行了大量的报道，并激发人们跟随着他们屏幕中英雄的足迹，探索英国各个地方的热情。另外一些旅游胜地，像西雅图，纽约，澳大利亚和密西西比，也都制作了电影地图，宣传各种各样的电影外景拍摄基地。

其他的营销活动还包括导游带领参观和徒步电影旅行。最近，一家旅游杂志描述了专门为电影旅游者开发的、到25个电影拍摄旅游地去的旅游套餐的详细情况。类似这样的旅游数不胜数。上文提到了电影《杯酒人生》，加利福尼亚一家地方旅游公司正是借助这部电影的成功，开发了颇受欢迎的《杯酒人生》之旅，获得了很大的收益。华盛顿旅游网站赶在尼古拉斯?凯奇主演的电影《国家宝藏》发行之前，就为《国家宝藏》之旅做起了广告，宣传它是一次追随演员足迹的自助游。英国的一家经营旅游的公司——拉美之旅，在电影《摩托车日记》上映前就组织了一个从布宜诺斯艾利斯到利马的《摩托车日记》三周游。有些旅游经营商在《哈利波特》上映后，开始组织游客参观这部电影里许多重要的景点。詹姆斯?邦德的电影也激发了一些旅游公司推出许多富有想象力的旅游套餐。

出现在电影里的酒店、旅馆、景点和博物馆常常会在公众中推广开，形成旅游业。位于英格兰阿默舍姆的皇冠大酒店就重点推出了休?格兰特和安迪?麦克道威尔在电影《四个婚礼和一个葬礼》里住过的房间。在希腊的米克诺斯岛上，游客可以下榻在马诺拉斯海滩酒店的房间，这正是电影《雪莉情人节》的一个场景。人们也常常会用博物馆宣传某部电影背后的历史。例如，2004年轰动一时的大片《特洛伊》上映并取得两亿美元票房后，为满足游客们的需求，伊斯坦布尔考古博物馆在闭馆九年之后，重新向游客开放古代特洛伊展。

最后，拥有一个专门的电影网站把电影和电影外景地以及电影外景地旅游联结起来也是非常重要的。新西兰就很重视把电影和外景拍摄地在网上建立联系。新西兰旅游官方网站就把它的网站的一部分专门用来宣传电影《指环王》及其在新西兰的外景地。2002年，电影《指环王》获得奥斯卡金像奖，在一系列广告宣传新西兰是电影拍摄支持力度最大的国家之后，新西兰国家旅游网站在不到一年的时间里就有超过十亿次的点击量。

2012河南翻译竞赛中译英参赛原文

“悦读”的“姿势”

从一定意义说，一个民族的发展史就是它的阅读史，一个人亦如此。

在德国，孩子从出生就有婴儿书陪伴。当然这些书大都是塑料书或者是布做的，孩子可以把书带进浴缸，看小书漂浮。这是孩子阅读的第一块基石。

犹太人将阅读置于很高的地位。他们会在书上涂一层蜂蜜，让孩子生下来就知道书是甜

的；他们还喜欢将书放在枕边和过道上，可随时翻阅。有资料说，每4500个犹太人就拥有一个图书馆。以读书为乐已经深深融入犹太人的血液里，也使他们在人类历史长河中光芒四射。据统计，从1901年至今，全世界共有800多人获得诺贝尔奖，有犹太人血统的就占了近1/4，而犹太人数量不到世界人口的3?。

中华民族也是一个酷爱读书的民族。唐代刘禹锡的诗句“数间茅屋闲临水，一盏秋灯夜读书”，让人感受到阅读时的闲适与宁静。“青灯有味似儿时”，是南宋陆放翁追念儿时读书的情景。至于流传千古的“凿壁偷光”、“囊萤映雪”等典故，“头悬梁，锥刺股”式的苦读，那种对书的迷恋让人心生敬畏。

将中外读书情形做一番比较，不免让人心生遗憾：有时我们过于强调“苦学”而忽略了“乐学”，过于强调“正襟危坐”而忽略了“随性阅读”，过于强调读书的“功利性”而忽略了它的“功能性”。这就使得阅读难以融入到我们的血液中，难以成为我们生活的一部分，而过于浓烈的功利色彩亦极有可能将知识庸俗化，将读书引入歧途。

就以读书的姿势为例，其实大可不必讲究。古人“三上”（马上、枕上、厕上）读书法看似有些不雅，实则领略到了读书的真谛。而今，公园里的“晨读”、公交车上的“走读”、倚床挑灯的“夜读”，无不是一道道美丽风景。正如有人所说，“先要把读书看得很平常，才可以读书……真正意义上的读书是随性而读，是与生命相伴始终。”只有把读书当作平常之事，融入我们的生活之中，才会真正领略“读书是福”的意境。

阅读的身体姿势也许并不重要，但心灵的姿势却不可或缺。这种“心灵的姿势”，既是对求知的渴望，对经典的敬畏，也是对读书选择性的把握。时下，信息爆炸，各种书刊铺天盖地，人们常常为选择什么样的书而苦恼。喜欢读书是一种态度，而能否善于读书则是一种能力。读理论之书，打牢“基本功”；读经典之书，占领“制高点”；读大家之书，开阔“大视野”；读哲学之书，掌握“金点子”……让心灵俯就于经典，让灵魂与灵魂对话，自能积累底蕴、提振精神、修身明理、洞悉人生，滋养自己的精神世界，领悟时代使命，并进而笃行之。

《朗读手册》中有一句话：“阅读是消灭无知、贫穷和绝望的终极武器。”世界上很难有东西永恒，作为精神财富的文字却是特例。“俯而读，仰而思”，走进书香世界，扑下身子亲近文字，本身就是一种姿势，一种世界上最美的姿势，一种能给民族和我们每个人带来

希望的姿势。

选自《人民日报》，2012年4月23日，第4版作者：向贤彪

参考译文

The “Posture” of “Enjoying Reading”

The history of a nation’s development, in a sense, is that of her reading. It is so true for a person, too.

In Germany, kids, since they were born, are accompanied by baby books, most of which, of course, are made of plastic or cloth; they can bring the books into bath tube and see small books floating. This is the first foundation stone of kids’ reading.

Jewish people think highly of reading. They lay a coat of honey on books to let kids know since they came into the world that books are sweet; they also like to put books at bedside and in the corridor so that they can read them at any time. As the data shows, there is one library for each 4500 Jewish people. Reading for enjoyment has deeply integrated into their blood and enabled them to shine in the long history of human beings. According to the statistics, since 1901 to the present there have been around the world 800 odd Nobel Prize winners, almost one quarter of whom are of Jewish descent; Jewish people, however, account for less than three thousandths of the world population.

Chinese nation is also keen on reading. The couplet from a poem written by Liu Yuxi, poet of Tang dynasty, goes, “Surrounded by water are several tranquil cottages, in which I read by the dim lamp at night”, which gives us a leisurely and peaceful impression of reading. “The oil lamp seems as interesting as that in my childhood”, as Lu Fangweng, (also known as Lu You, poet of South Song dynasty) recollected reading in his childhood. As for literary quotations that had been passed down through the ages like “bore a hole on the wall to make use of the neighbor’s light to study”,“read by the light of bagged fireflies or the reflected light of snow”and assiduous study by “tying hair on the h ouse beam and jabbing side with a needle to keep awake”, the love of books is much revered. It would naturally make us feel woeful to compare reading in China with that in foreign countries: we occasionally overemphasize “assiduous learning” while neglect “enjoy learning”; overemphasize “straighten clothes and sit properly” while neglect “read in the way as wished”; overemphasize “material gains” of reading while neglect its “purposes”, which makes it difficult to integrate reading into our blood and render it a part in our daily life; moreover, preoccupation with material gains is very much likely to banalize knowledge and mislead reading.

For posture of reading, it is really not necessary in the least to be particular about. The “Three Ons” (on horseback, on bed and on closestool) way of reading of the ancients seems somewhat inelegant, it, in fact, had grasped the essence of reading. Nowadays, “morning reading” in the park, “reading in motion” on the bus and “night reading” on bed by light all without exception are beautiful sceneries. Just as someone put it, “Only being regar ded as something regular can there be reading… reading, in its true sense, is easy and it goes with our lives.” Only by taking reading as something regular and our lifelong partner can we really and truly understand that “reading is bliss”.

Physical posture of reading may be of little matter, while spiritual posture can never be absent. The “spiritual posture” is thirst for learning, awe to classics and book selection. Nowadays, in the era of information explosion, there is overwhelming number of books and periodicals, selection of which often confuses people a lot. It is an attitude to be fond of reading; however, whether you can be good at reading depends on your ability. By r eading books of theory, solid “foundation” can be laid; by reading classics, the “commanding height” can be conquered; by reading books of great masters, “horizon” can be greatly broadened; by reading books of philosophy, “golden ideas” can be acquired. Let the heart bend over the classics to have soul-to-soul dialogue, and then it can naturally be possible to accumulate wisdom, gather nerves, cultivate morality and become reasonable, thoroughly understand life, nourish our own mental world, comprehend the time mission and then sincerely carry it out.

As a line from The Read-aloud Handbook has it: “reading is the ultimate weapon, destroying ignorance, poverty and despair.” Few in the world can be eternal, yet word, the intellectual treasure, is an exception. “Bow our heads to read and raise to think”; enter the world of books and bend over words, this is per se a posture, the most graceful posture in the world, one bringing hope to the nation and each of us.

2013年河南省非英语专业类笔译竞赛试题

一．汉译英（50%）

空巢老人

在中国，我们经常看到对“空巢老人”的报道，这些老人因没有子女在身边，过着

孤独的生活。其实，英国也存在这种现象。我就曾遇到过一位孤独的英国老人。

诺瓦克太太是位波兰人，在英国已生活了六十多年，说她是英国本土人也不

为过。我是在自己打工的那家超市认识她的。那是一家在英国很有名的超市，每个星期

五晚上超市都会有一些快过期的食物打折出售，而诺瓦克太太每周五都会出现在超市

里。我打工的时间刚好是每周五晚上和周六白天，所以我们就这么认识了。

Empty Nesters

In China, empty nesters, or lonely senior citizens without their adult children living at home, are often reported. In fact, it is also true in Britain where I once met a lonely elderly lady.

Mrs. Novak, a Polish, was better called a British for she had been living in Britain for over 60 years. I got to know her in the supermarket where I worked. It was a very famous supermarket where discount foods close to expiration were sold on Friday nights when Mrs. Novak would always appear. I worked on Friday nights and Saturdays, and that was how we met.

二．英译汉（50%）

The English Words

The foreign student of English maybe discouraged and dismayed when he learns that there are over 400,000 words in the English language, without counting slang. But let him take courage. More than half of these words are dead. They are not in current use. Even Shakespeare used a vocabulary of only some 20,000 words. The average Englishman today probably has a vocabulary range of from 12,000 to 13,000 words. It is good to make your vocabulary as complete as you can, but a great deal can be said and written with a vocabulary

of no more than 10,000 words. The important thing is to have a good control and command over the words you do know. Better know two words exactly than three vaguely. A good carpenter is not distinguished by the number of his tools, but by the craftsmanship with which

he uses them. So a good writer is not measured by the extent of his vocabulary.

英语单词

英语有四十多万单词----这还不包括俚语。外国学生往往闻之气馁，意冷心灰。不过不要怕----这些单词多半早已作古，无人再用。即使是莎士比亚，所用单词也不过两万而已。当代普通英国人的词汇量可能在一万二到一万三左右。虽说词不压身，多多益善，但要满足言谈写作之需，一万词足已。关键不在量，而在于运用自如。与其似是而非地了解三个词，不如确切的掌握两个词。好木匠之所以出类拔萃，不在于工具多，而在于用得好。同理，作家是否优秀，也不能用词汇量来衡量。