英语学术论文论文

摘要：将本文所做的对比分析应用于英语论文的写作教学中，让学生学会英语论文摘要评价资源的使用规律，以提高撰写英文论文摘要的能力。

1.引言

一直以来，学术论文写作是我们英语学习得一个重要环节。摘要是论文的缩影，是一篇论文的重要部分。因此，本文试图从评价理论的角度入手，通过对比分析英语专业研究生毕业论文和国际期刊上的论文摘要的评价资源实现形式以及分布情况，考察二者的异同，以期对学术论文写作提供一些有益的启示。

2.评价理论及其基本框架

评价系统（The Appraisal Systems）是对系统功能语言学的新发展。系统功能语言学以系统功能语法为基础。评价理论是在20世纪90年代对澳大利亚新南威尔士的中学和其他场所语文水平研究的基础上发展起来的。该研究由Martin指导，Caroline Coffin，Rick Iedema，Henrike Korner，David Rose，Robert Vee 和Peter White 参与。这项研究是“写得得体”（Write It Right）科研项目的一部分。评价理论包括三大次系统：态度，介入和级差。三大次系统又可以次系统化。

态度系统指对文本，人类行为和现象所作出的判断。态度有积极和消极之分。任何句子都传递者积极和消极的评价。态度可以明确或者含蓄的表达。态度是指向文化的并与读者的意识形态相关。态度可

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本科生毕业设计（论文）封面（ 2016 届）论文（设计）题目作者学院、专业班级指导教师（职称）论文字数论文完成时间大学教务处制

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43、术语在国际商务中的重要性 44、商务谈判语言技巧 45、浅析跨文化交际中的商务礼仪 46、例析论网络环境下商务英语的拓展学习模式 47、浅析商务英语汇商务英语中俚语的风格及翻译 48、商务英语教学中英语知识与商务知识的关系 49、商务英语中以谓语动词为中心的基本句型的翻译 50、商务英语的语言特色探讨 51、反译法在商务英语中的应用 52、奈达“等值”理论于商务英语翻译中的理解和应用 53、商务英语中的平行结构及其翻译方法 54、语用原则在商务英语应用中的度范畴 55、商务英语语篇文体特征分析 56、商务英语常用单词的多义现象例析 57、商务英语中的委婉表达及其翻译 58、商务英语翻译中的跨文化因素 59、商务英语中书面语言的文体特征及语用分析 60、社会文化迁移对中国式英语的影响 61、英语写作中常见中式英语分析 62、汉译英中遇到新词语的译法问题 63、美国英语习语与文化 64、中美日常交际中的文化差异 65、中西方文化差异及语言体现商务英语论文题目|商务英语毕业论文题目参考一、英语论文基本格式 1、毕业论文结构包括：主标题、论文摘要、正文（一般不少于5000字）、注释、参考书目，注释统一用尾注。 2、板式：毕业论文一律用计算机打印。（使用A4规格打印，每页30行）二、阅读类参考题目以下参考题目对应的范文请到VIP留学生论文网下载，如需原创论文需与在线辅导老师沟通。 1、持续性交际法对商务英语学习者口语和写作能力提高的研究分析 2、商务英语文体学分析 3、语篇功能对等视角的商务英语翻译 4、高职商务英语专业实践课程开发 5、关联理论在商务英语阅读教学中的应用 6、成人商务英语教学中学生自主学习能力的培养 7、功能对等理论视角下的商务英语翻译 8、中职商务英语教学中跨文化交际意识的培养 9、论商务英语翻译中的文化转向 10、职前学生商务英语词汇教学法探索 11、商务英语中模糊语言的应用及其语用分析 12、从目的论角度看国际商务英语翻译的质量评估 13、高职院校商务英语精读教学中的任务型教学法 14、词典类型对翻译与习得商务英语新词作用的实证研究

英文论文翻译

汲水门大桥有限元模型的分析 By Q. W. Zhang, T. Y. P. Chang,and C. C. Chang 摘要：本文提出的有限元模型修正的汲水门大桥的实施，是位于香港的430米主跨双层斜拉桥。通过三维有限元预测和现场振动测试，对该桥的动力特性进行了研究，。在本文中，建立的有限元模型的更新，是基于实测的动态特性。一个全面的灵敏度研究证明各种结构参数（包括连接和边界条件）的影响是在其所关注的模式进行，根据一组的结构参数，然后选择调整。有限元模型的更新在一个迭代的方式以减少之间的预测和测量频率的差异。最后更新的有限元模型，使汲水门大桥能在良好的协议与所测量的固有频率状态，并可以进行更精确的动态响应预测。简介：汲水门大桥（图1），位于大屿山及香港湾岛之间，是世界上最长的斜拉桥，是公路交通和铁路交通两用桥梁。为确保其结构的完整性和操作安全性，桥梁已经配备了一个相当复杂的监测系统，包括仪器参数如加速度传感器，位移传感器，液位传感器，温度传感器，应变计，风速仪（Lau and Wong 1997）。由Chang 等人通过有限元预测和现场振动测量对该桥的动力特性进行了研究（2001）。三维有限元（FE）模型，它是基于非线性弹性梁元件构建的塔和甲板上的桁架单元，电缆，和弹性或刚性连接的连接和边界约束[图1（d）]。桥面，包括钢/混凝土框架结构在大跨度和梯形箱梁的中心部分的剩余部分，是使用一个单一的脊柱通过剪切中心桥面的。由于截面的非整体性，通过一个虚拟的等效单片材料来表示复合甲板。这是通过等效的整体桥面的质量和刚度性能检核的复合甲板了。由Chang证明（1998），对截面模量的计算细节可以通过改变报告发现。电缆，另一方面，使用的是线性弹性桁架单元模拟。非线性效应由于电缆张力和下垂的电缆进行线性化，采用弹性刚度等效模量的概念考虑。有限元模型包括464个梁单元，176个桁架单元，和615个节点，总共有1536个自由度。一般的有限元建模，给出了该桥的物理和模态特性进行详细的描述，而现场振动测试则是作为（理想化的）有限元模型评估基础信息的重要来源。有限元计算结果与现场振动试验表明在自然频率合理的相关性和桥的振型。然而，在预测

英语学术论文写作常用句型

英语学术论文常用句型 Beginning 1. In this paper, we focus on the need for 2. This paper proceeds as follow. 3. The structure of the paper is as follows. 4. In this paper, we shall first briefly introduce fuzzy sets and related concepts 5. To begin with we will provide a brief background on the Introduction 1. This will be followed by a description of the fuzzy nature of the problem and a detailed presentation of how the required membership functions are defined. 2. Details on xx and xx are discussed in later sections. 3. In the next section, after a statement of the basic problem, various situations involving possibility knowledge are investigated: first, an entirely possibility model is proposed; then the cases of a fuzzy service time with stochastic arrivals and non fuzzy service rule is studied; lastly, fuzzy service rule are considered. Review 1. This review is followed by an introduction. 2. A brief summary of some of the relevant concepts in xxx and xxx is presented in Section 2. 3. In the next section, a brief review of the .... is given. 4. In the next section, a short review of ... is given with special regard to ... 5. Section 2 reviews relevant research related to xx. 6. Section 1.1 briefly surveys the motivation for a methodology of action, while 1.2 looks at the difficulties posed by the complexity of systems and outlines the need for development of possibility methods. Body 1. Section 1 defines the notion of robustness, and argues for its importance. 2. Section 1 devoted to the basic aspects of the FLC decision making logic. 3. Section 2 gives the background of the problem which includes xxx 4. Section 2 discusses some problems with and approaches to, natural language understanding.

学术论文常用英语总结

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knowledge are investigated: first, an entirely possibility model is proposed; then the cases of a fuzzy service time with stochastic arrivals and non fuzzy service rule is studied; lastly, fuzzy service rule are considered. Review 1. This review is followed by an introduction. 2. A brief summary of some of the relevant concepts in xxx and xxx is presented in Section 2. 3. In the next section, a brief review of the .... is given. 4. In the next section, a short review of ... is given with special regard to ... 5. Section 2 reviews relevant research related to xx. 6. Section 1.1 briefly surveys the motivation for a methodology of action, while 1.2 looks at the difficulties posed by the complexity of systems and outlines the need for development of possibility methods.

学术英语论文

英语学术论文作业 Hybrid Parallel Programming on GPU Clusters Abstract—Nowadays, NVIDIA’s CUDA is a general purpose scalable parallel programming model for writing highly parallel applications. It provides several key abstractions – a hierarchy of thread blocks, shared memory, and barrier synchronization. This model has proven quite successful at programming multithreaded many core GPUs and scales transparently to hundreds of cores: scientists throughout industry and academia are already using CUDA to achieve dramatic speedups on production and research codes. In this paper, we propose a hybrid parallel programming approach using hybrid CUDA and MPI programming, which partition loop iterations according to the number of C1060 GPU nodes in a GPU cluster which consists of one C1060 and one S1070. Loop iterations assigned to one MPI process are processed in parallel by CUDA run by the processor cores in the same computational node. Keywords: CUDA, GPU, MPI, OpenMP, hybrid, parallel programming I. INTRODUCTION Nowadays, NVIDIA’s CU DA [1, 16] is a general purpose scalable parallel programming model for writing highly parallel applications. It provides several key abstractions – a hierarchy of thread blocks, shared memory, and barrier synchronization. This model has proven quite successful at programming multithreaded many core GPUs and scales transparently to hundreds of cores: scientists throughout industry and academia are already using CUDA [1, 16] to achieve dramatic speedups on production and research codes. In NVDIA the CUDA chip, all to the core of hundreds of ways to construct their chips, in here we will try to use NVIDIA to provide computing equipment for parallel computing. This paper proposes a solution to not only simplify the use of hardware acceleration in conventional general purpose applications, but also to keep the application code portable. In this paper, we propose a parallel programming

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1. individuals, characters, folks 替换people , persons. 2. positive, favorable, rosy, promising, perfect, pleasurable, excellent, outstanding, superior 替换good. rosy ；adj. 蔷薇色的，玫瑰红色的；美好的；乐观的；涨红脸的 3. dreadful, unfavorable, poor, adverse, ill 替换bad（如果bad做表语，可以有be less impressive 替换。） Adverse；adj. 不利的；相反的；敌对的（名词adverseness，副词adversely） 4. an army of, an ocean of, a sea of, a multitude of, a host of, if not most 替换many. if not most:即使不是大多数 5. a slice of, quite a few 替换some. a slice of:一片，一份 6. harbor the idea that, take the attitude that, hold the view that, it is widely shared that, it is universally acknowledged that 替换think。 harbor v/n庇护；怀有 7. affair, business, matter 替换thing. 8. shared 替换common . 9. reap huge fruits 替换get many benefits. 10. for my part ,from my own perspective 替换in my opinion. 11. Increasing, growing 替换more and more（注意没有growingly这种形式。所以当修饰名词时用increasing/growing修饰形容词，副词用increasingly.） 12. little if anything或little or nothing 替换hardly. 13. beneficial, rewarding 替换helpful. 14. shopper, client, consumer, purchaser 替换customer. 15. overwhelmingly, exceedingly, extremely, intensely 替换very. 16. hardly necessary, hardly inevitable…替换unnecessary, avoidable. 17. indispensable 替换necessary. 18. sth appeals to sb., sth. exerts a tremendous fascination on sb 替换sb. take interest in / sb. be interested in. 19. capture one's attention 替换attract one's attention. 20. facet, dimension, sphere 替换aspect. 21. be indicative of, be suggestive of, be fearful of 替换indicate, suggest, fear. 22. give rise to, lead to, result in, trigger 替换cause. 23. There are several reasons behind sth. 替换…reasons for sth. 24. desire 替换want. 25. pour attention into 替换pay attention to. 26. bear in mind that 替换remember. 27. enjoy, possess 替换have（注意process是过程的意思）。 28. interaction 替换communication. 29. frown on sth 替换be against , disagree with sth. 30. as an example 替换for example, for instance. 31. next to / virtually impossible 替换nearly / almost impossible. 32. regarding / concerning 替换about. 33. crucial /paramount 替换important. 34. 第一（in the first place/the first and foremost）；

英语论文翻译要求

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通用学术英语论文

Job and Ability: Chinese College Student s’Interpersonal Communication 求职与能力：中国大学生的人际交往 Students: Ye Ying Rui Course: English for Academic Communication Date: December, 2015 Course Paper Grade 2014

Introduction What is learnt in the university? Besides knowledge, the most major one is the interpersonal communication ability; university students should train various kinds of ability, for instance: People skills, grasp information ability, learning ability etc... Among them the cultivation of interpersonal communication is particularly important, great teacher of the revolution Marx has ever said: People are the total of different social relationships, everybody does not exist in isolation, and he must have the problem: how to make these relations, how to improve life quality, these will involve social ability .As important as interpersonal skills in the job, company think a lot of integrative ability especially social ability when recruit college students. However, according to the survey there are 59% college students have difficulty in interpersonal communication, and hard to get a job. Part One the Study of Chinese College Students’Interpersonal Communication Ability In the recently many companies held a fair in colleges all over the country, some corporate director said that employees' communication ability is the power that more and more crucial for enterprise in market competition to win, so more weight is given to a candidate's emotional intelligence. In the face of recruitment conditions, more and more college students feel the importance of interpersonal skills. With a vocational adaptability of college students, according to a survey, 41.98% of students think interpersonal skills training is helpful education content to find work, significantly more than the professional ability training (14.9%), basic knowledge and skills training (17.5%), and the psychological quality education (17.5%), and other abilities. The answer by choosing a career you feel what is lack of quality particularly, chooses interpersonal skills of up to 34.8%, rankling in the back, respectively is analysis and problem solving skills (28.8%), hands-on skills (25.9%), basic knowledge and skill (4.6%). What’s the most helpful ability when you apply for a job?

学术论文写作格式要求英文摘要常用句型

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分析英语论文 discussion

The fifth English homework 学院：光电工程学院专业：电子科学与技术姓名：学号： Influence of Process Parameters on Paste Morphology in Lead-Acid Battery Cured Plates 3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 3.1. Surface area The surface area of cured plates has a vital role on the battery performance. For example, higher surface area would accelerate the process of acid diffusion not only into the plate but also within it, thereby improving the high rate performance of the battery and vice versa. In high current applications, the available surface of the electrodes becomes important and is diffusion limited by the amount of acid that can freely flow into the porous material to react with the inner active sites [25]. While paste formulation is chosen critically as to obtain required porosity within the plate, the process parameters do have an impact on the surface area. Therefore, understanding the influence of process parameters on the surface area assumes a greater significance. 3.1.1. Influence of Process Parameters The effects of AO, PT and CT on the surface area are studied as designed in the Table.2 with the help of Minitab software (14.12.1) and are depicted in (Fig.1). As evident from plot, the surface area gets reduced with increasing AO ratio. This may be attributed to the increase in the formation of “Sulphates of Lead which are bulkier than PbO”, with increased acid quantities. In view of the fact that plate is of constant volume and the bulkier lead sulphates would occupy more space and the available pore volume is reduced with a proportional decrease in surface area. The reduced surface area is also evident when either paste peak temperature or curing temperature is increased but the influence of paste peak temperature has observed to be modest. While the reduction in surface area with increase in curing temperature can be attributed to the growth of 3BS/4BS, the less pronounced effect of paste peak temperature is for reasons that exposure to such a high temperature is only for a short duration. 3.2. Paste Morphology The nature of crystals formed during either pasting or curing exhibit a profound influence on the plate composition after formation and hence pasting/curing processes assume a greater significance in the battery manufacturing activity [7]. The two most important and critical crystallographic precursors that subsequently govern the quality of formation are 3BS and 4BS [19]. The earlier studies [20] indicate while the plate with 3BS yields higher capacity and 4BS provides higher cycle life. Hence, pasting and curing often go hand in hand to produce batteries with desired performance levels. . In the present study, paste morphology is looked at from view point of crystal type (4BS/3BS), crystal growth- specifically its length (μm), phase distribution and finally packing intensity. As to have a better and deeper understanding, the following section is dealt with understanding the role that is played by each of the process parameters, namely PT, CT and AO. The inter-relation of these