上海牛津小学英语语法知识复习课程
上海牛津小学英语语法知识总结
一般现在时
1、定义：表示经常发生或习惯性的动作、状态。句中通常有usually，often，every day，sometimes，always，at weekends，on Sundays等表示经常性时间的短语。
2、构成：
1）当谓语是be动词时，一般现在时的构成：主语＋be动词＋其他
如：I am a student. He is Jim’s father. They are from Japan.
2）当谓语是行为动词时，一般现在时的构成：
①主语（非第三人称单数）＋动词原形＋其他如：I often watch TV at the weekends.
Mr Green and Mrs Green like collecting stamps.
②主语（第三人称单数）＋动词的第三人称单数形式＋其他
如：Jim usually visits his grandparents on Sundays.
She sometimes goes to the park with her mother.
swim-swims
，watch-watches，do-does
如：study-studies，fly-flies
1、定义：表示现在或现阶段正在进行或发生的动作。句中常有now，look，listen等词。
如：I am washing clothes now. Look! Liu Tao is climbing the tree.
Listen! Jane is singing in the music room.
2、构成：be动词（am/is/are）+ 动词现在分词（V-ing）
，drink-drinking，eat-eating，look-looking 如：write-writing，make-making，ride-riding，take-taking
如：sit-sitting，swim-swimming，put-putting，run-running，stop-stopping，get-getting，begin-beginning，jog-jogging，forget-forgetting
4、动名词其实就是动词的现在分词，它既有名词性质（可作主语），又有动词性质（可带宾语）。如：Asking the way My hobby is collecting stamps. He is good at skating.
一般将来时
1、定义：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态，以及打算、计划或准备某事。句中一般含有表示将来的时间状语，如：tomorrow morning，next week，this afternoon等表示将来的时间状语。
2、构成：
①be gong to +动词原形
如：I am going to see a Beijing opera tomorrow.
We are going to meet at bus stop at half past ten.
Dad and I are going to see a Beijing opera this afternoon.
②will +动词原形
如：They will go swimming this afternoon.
3、be going to 和will 区别：
①be going to表示经过事先安排、打算或决定要做的事情，基本上一定会发生；will则表示有可能去做，但不一定发生，也常表示说话人的临时决定。
如：I am going to take part in a party this evening.
They are cleaning the library now. I’ll go and join them.
②be going to表示近期或眼下就要发生的事情；will表示的将来时间则较远一些。如：He is going to write a letter tomorrow. I will meet her one day.
③be going to还可以用来表示有迹象表明某件事将要发生，常用于天气等自然现象。如：Look! It’s going to rain.
句法
1、陈述句
说明事实或陈述说话人观点的句子。基本结构：主语＋谓语＋其他
1）肯定陈述句We all like pandas very much.
2）否定陈述句He doesn’t do housework at weekends
3）肯定陈述句改否定陈述句
①一般是在be动词或情态动词后加not。
Mary was at school yesterday. —> Mary was not at school yesterday.
I can make a model plane. —>I can not make a model plane.
②不含be动词或情态动词的，行为动词前要用助动词的否定式（don’t，doesn’t，didn’t），后面跟动词的原形。
He likes drawing pictures.—>He doesn’t like drawing pictures.
I went to the park yesterday. —>I didn’t go to the park yesterday.
4）陈述句改一般疑问句
①有be动词或情态动词的，把be动词或情态动词提前。
Mary was at school yesterday. —> Was Mary at school yesterday?
I can make a model plane. —> Can you make a model plane?
②不含be动词或情态动词的句子，借助助动词开头，动词还原成原形。
He likes drawing pictures.—>Does he like drawing pictures.
I went to the park yesterday. —>Did you go to the park yesterday?
2、疑问句
用来提出问题，询问情况的句子，末尾用问号。
1）一般疑问句：一般疑问句常用来询问一件事是否属实，通常以be动词，助动词或情态动词开头，用yes或no来回答，因此又叫是非疑问句，通常读升调。
—Is Mr Green from the UK? —Yes，he is. / No，he isn’t.
—Do you have any hobbies? —Yes，I do. / No，I don’t.
—Can you play the guitar? —Yes，I can. / No，I can’t.
2）特殊疑问句：以特殊疑问词引导，要求回答具体问题，不能用yes或no来回答。—How do you go to work every day? —I go to work by car.
3）选择疑问句：提供两种或两种以上情况，让对方选择，往往用or连接。
—Would you like some tea or coffee? —Some coffee, please.
4）反意疑问句：反意疑问句是由陈述句和附在其后的附加疑问句组成。
—It’s a fine day, isn’t it? — Yes ,it is.
3、祈使句
表示请求或命令别人做某事或不做某事。
1）用于第二人称，通常省略you。
①肯定祈使句：Open the door, please.
②否定祈使句：Don’t be late again.
2）用于第一人称和第三人称，通常以let（let后跟宾格）或shall开头。
Let me have a look. Let’s play a game now. Let him go home now.
Shall we meet at one thirty in front of the Garden Theatre?
4、感叹句
上海牛津小学英语语法知识总结
上海牛津小学英语语法知识总结 一般现在时 1、定义：表示经常发生或习惯性的动作、状态。句中通常有usually，often，every day，sometimes，always，at weekends，on Sundays等表示经常性时间的短语。 2、构成： 1）当谓语是b e动词时，一般现在时的构成：主语＋be动词＋其他 如：I am a student. He is Jim’s fathe r. They are from Japan. 2）当谓语是行为动词时，一般现在时的构成： ①主语（非第三人称单数）＋动词原形＋其他 如：I often watch TV at the weekends. Mr Green and Mrs Green like collecting stamps. ②主语（第三人称单数）＋动词的第三人称单数形式＋其他 如：Jim usually visits his grandparents on Sundays. She sometimes goes to the park with her mother. 3、动词三单形式的变化规则： ①如：read-reads，swim-swims ②如：wash-washes，watch-watches，do-does ③如：study-studies，fly-flies ④如：have-has 4、一般现在时的句型转换：
现在进行时 1、定义：表示现在或现阶段正在进行或发生的动作。句中常有now ，look ，listen 等词。 如：I am washing clothes now. Look! Liu Tao is climbing the tree. Listen! Jane is singing in the music room. 2、构成：be 动词（am/is/are ）+ 动词现在分词（V-ing ） 3、动词现在分词构成： ① 如：read-reading ，drink-drinking ，eat-eating ，look-looking ② 如：write-writing ，make-making ，ride-riding ，take-taking ③ 如：sit-sitting ，swim-swimming ，put-putting ，run-running ，stop-stopping ，get-getting ， begin-beginning ，jog-jogging ，forget-forgetting 4、动名词其实就是动词的现在分词，它既有名词性质（可作主语），又有动词性质（可带宾语）。 如：Asking the way My hobby is collecting stamps.
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