高三英语语法专题复习讲义8(新)
任何知识都不能带给你好运，但它们能让你悄悄成为你自己。放弃很简单，但你坚持到底的样子一定很酷！
高三英语语法专题复习讲义（8）
Part 1高考高频短语（8）
1. The idea puzzled me so much that I stopped for a few seconds to try to____.
A．make it out B．make it off C．make it up D．make it over
2. If anybody calls，tell them I'm out，and ask them to ____ their name and address．
A．pass B．write C．take D．1eave
3.The three sisters decided to hold a family party to ____their parents’silver wedding．
A．celebrate B．memorize C．congratulate D．welcome
4．Joe Jones，the eldest of the eight children，had to ____out of high school at the age of 16 to help his father on the farm．A．1eave B．drop C．fall D．go
5. Words．____ me when i wanted to express my thanks to him for having saved my son from the burning
house．A．failed B．1eft C．discouraged D．disappointed
6．’一He was in hospital for six months．He felt as if he was ____from the outside world．
A．cut 0ut B．cut off C．cut up D．cut through
7. —How about eight o'clock outside the cinema? ---That ____ me fine．
A．fits B．meets C．satisfies D．suits
8. Happy birthday，Alice! So you have _____ twenty—one already!
A．become B．turned C．grown D．passed
9．They see you as something of a worrier，____ problems which don’t exist and crossing bridges long before you
come to them．A．settling B．discovering C．seeing D．designing--
lO．一How do you _____ we go to Beijing for our holidays?
一I think we’d better fly there．It’s much more comfortable．
A．insist B．want C．suppose D．suggest
Part 3 Grammar:非谓语动词（2）
现在分词及过去分词
I Analysis
一、形式
分词是动词的一种非限定形式。分为现在分词和过去分词。分词具有动词的特征，有时态和语态的变化，并可带宾语、状语。分词的否定形式是在分词前加not (not knowing ,not having received , not having been given )
△现在分词：
主动形式被动形式
一般式doing being done
完成式having done having been done
△过去分词只有一种形式。
例如：Having hurried through his breakfast, he went to school. (现在分词完成式）
The man being interviewed is a scientist.
When asked such a strange question, he didn’t know howto answer .
Not knowing his number, I didn’t get in touch with him (否定式)
2 现在分词与过去分词的区别
现在分词与过去分词的区别主要表在语态和时间概念上。在语态上，现在分词（除被动式外）表示主动意思，过去分词表示被动意思。在时间上，现在分词表示动作正在进行，过去分词则表示动作的完成。
现在分词过去分词
比较: developing countries developed countries
boiling water boiled water
the rising sun the risen sun
the falling autumn leaves the fallen autumn leaves
有些过去分词只表示动作的完成，例如the risen sun the fallen autumn leaves a retired worker
a escaped prisoner 有些过去分词只表示动作的被动，例如a man-made satellite guided missile (导弹)
二、功能
1．作表语。_____________________________________________________________________________
现在分词多表示主语所具有的特征或属性；过去分词多表示主语所处的状态，如：
The news was exciting./ The situation is encouraging.
She looked disappointed./ He appeared satisfied with my answer.
He seemed quite delighted at the idea./ Don’t get excited.
2．作定语：______________________________________________________________________________
①单独作定语，应放在被修饰的名词之前，如：
touching story / skilled worker /boiled water
a growing city = a city that is growing/ liberated areas = areas that have been liberated
②在更多情况下，可以用分词短语作定语，这时分词短语应放在被修饰的名词之后，在意义上也相当于一个定语从句，如：
Who is the man standing (= that is standing) by the door?
They are problems left (= which have been left) over by history.
③作定语的现在分词所表示的动作发生的时间有两种情况：
a. 表示正在进行的动作, (变为从句时要用进行时态), 如：
Tell the children playing there (who are playing there) not to make so much noise.
Did you see the man talking (who was talking) to the manager?
b. 表示经常性的动作, 或现在(或当时) 的状态, (变为从句时, 用一般时态), 如：
They lived in a room facing (= that faced) the south.
The house standing (= that stands) at the corner of the street was built in 1955.
④过去分词作定语时，过去分词所表示的动作可以在谓语所表示的动作之前发生，也可以是没有一定的时间性，如：
Is this the book recommended by our teacher?/ The meeting held last week is very important.
注①：如果所表示的动作现刻正在发生，或是与谓语所表示的动作同时发生，可以用现在分词的被动形式来表示，如：
The meeting being held is very important./ We must keep a secret of the things being discussed here.
注②：如果所表示的是一个未来的动作，可以用一个不定式的被动形式来表示，如：The meeting to be held next week is very important.
Please tell me the subjects to be discussed at the next meeting.
⑤现在分词短语作定语时，一般不用现在分词的完成式作定语，所以，下列句子都是错的：
Those having finished their work can go home now. (应改为who have finished)
3．作状语：__________________________________________________________________________________ ①现在分词作状语，表示陪衬性的动作或伴随情况，如：
The children ran out of the room, laughing and talking merrily.
They stood there for an hour watching the game./ She sat at the desk reading a newspaper.
注意：a. 分词表示的必须是主语的一个动作；b. 分词表示的动作和谓语表示的动作（或状态）是同时发生的；c. 分词表示的是比较次要的动作，对谓语表示的动作或状态加以说明；d. 大部分放在谓语之后；e. 分词有时可以与句子的其他部分用逗号隔开。
②现在分词作状语，表示行为方式或手段（这类状语可以放在句首，也可以放在句末，有时还可以放在句中。其他参考上述a-c），如：
Following the guide, they started to climb./ Working this way, they greatly reduced the cost.
③现在分词作状语，表示原因或理由，如：
Seeing nobody at home, she decided to leave them a note.
Not knowing her address, we couldn’t get in touch with her.
注：如果分词表示的动作在谓语所表示的动作之前发生，则要用完成形式，如：
Having worked among the peasants for many years, he knew them very well.
Not having received an answer, he decided to write another letter.
Having lived in Berlin many years, he knew the city well.
④现在分词作时间状语（相当于when 引导的从句），如：
Turning around, she saw a police car driving up./ Hearing the news, they all jumped with joy.
注①：这里分词表示的是一个极短暂的动作，这动作一发生，谓语动词所表示的动作立即发生。这类分词一般放在句首。如果两个动作是完全同时发生的，多用when 或while + 分词这种结构，如：Be careful when crossing the street./ Don’t mention this while talking to him.
注②：如果要强调谓语动词的动作发生时，分词的动作已经完成，这个分词要用完成形式，如：Having arrived at a decision, they immediately set to work.
⑤现在分词作状语还可以表示结果、条件和让步，如：
Her husband died in 1942, leaving her with five children. (结果)
Working hard, you will succeed. (条件)
Weighing almost one hundred jin, the stone was moved by him alone. (让步)
⑥过去分词短语作状语，可以修饰谓语，说明动作发生的背景或情况，如：
Built in 1192, the bridge is over 700 years old.
Surrounded by a group of pupils, the old teacher walked into the room.
⑦过去分词短语表示原因（相当于一个原因状语从句），如：
The children, exhausted, fell asleep at once.
⑧过去分词短语有时可以表示时间（相当于时间状语从句）和条件（相当于条件状语从句），如：
Heated, water changes into steam. (=When / If water is heated …)
Seen from the hill, the park looks very beautiful.
注：过去分词短语作状语时，前面有时可以加上when, if, while, though, as if 等连词，这种结构可以看作是一种省略的状语从句（省略部分多为“主语+ be 的多种形式”）。需要注意的是，省略的主语必须和主句的主语相同，如：
If / When heated, water changes into steam. Even if invited, I won’t go.
We will not attack unless attacked./ The girl is very shy, and never speaks until spoken to.
4．作宾语补足语：__________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________ 三．在用分词短语作状语时, 它逻辑上的主语一般必须与句子的主语一致, 但有时它也可以有自己独立的逻辑上的主语, 这种结构称为:独立结构
___________________________________________________________________________________________ 独立结构可以表示伴随动作或情况, 表示时间、原因、条件等, 例如：
He rushed into the room, his face covered with sweat. (伴随情况)
The shower being over, we continued to march. (时间)
So many students being absent, we decided to put the meeting off. (原因)
Weather permitting, we’ll have an outing tomorrow. (条件)
II Practice
1. The picture ______ on the wall is painted by my nephew.
A. having hung
B. hanging
C. hangs
D. being hung
2. Will those ______ the children from abroad come to the headmaster’s office?
A. teaching
B. teach
C. who teaches
D. who teaching
3. The manager, ______ his factory’s products were poor in quality, decided to give his workers further training.
A. knowing
B. known
C. to know
D. being known
4. The old man , ______ abroad for 20 years, is on the way back to his motherland.
A. to work
B. working
C. to have worked
D. having worked
5. The flowers ______ sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature .
A. to smell
B. smelling
C. smelt
D. to be smelt
6. The ______ boy was last seen ______ near the East Lake.
A. missing; playing
B. missing; play
C. missed; played
D. missed; to play
7. –Why did you go back to the shop?-- I left my friend ______ there.
A. waiting
B. to wait
C. wait
D. waits
8. Cook will be immediately fired if he is found ______ in the kitchen.
A. smoke
B. smoking
C. to smoke
D. smoked
9. He looked around and caught a man ______ his hand into the pocket of a passenger.
A. put
B. to be putting
C. to put
D. putting
10.- - We beat Class Four in the match, you know.-- Yes. I saw you ______ , but what’s the score?
A. play
B. playing
C. played
D. to play
11.______ in the queue for half an hour, Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home.
A. To wait
B. Have waited
C. Having waited
D. To have waited
12.______ the big snake, the little girl stood under the tree ______ out of her life.
A. Saw; frightened
B. Seen; frightened
C. Seeing; frightened
D. To see; frightening
13.Finding her car stolen, ______ .
A. a policeman was asked to help
B. the area was searched thoroughly
C. it was looked for everywhere
D. she hurried to a policeman for help
14.He sent me an e-mail, _____ to get further information.
A. hoped
B. hoping
C. to hope
D. hope
15.We often provide our children with toys, football or basketballs, ______ that all children like these things.
A. thinking
B. think
C. to think
D. thought
16.______ from other continents for millions of years, Australia has many plants and animals not found in any other country in the world.
A. Being separated
B. Having separated
C. Having been separated
D. To be separated
17. ______ fully, we can achieve great things.
A. Preparing
B. To prepare
C. Prepare
D. Prepared
18.The bell ______ the end of the period rang, _____ our heated discussion.
A. indicating; interrupting
B. indicated; interrupting
C. indicating; interrupted
D. indicated; interrupted.
19.The storm left, _____ a lot of damage to this area.
A. caused
B. to cause
C. to have caused
D. having caused
20.Though ______ money, his parents managed to send him to university.
A. lacked
B. lacking of
C. lacking
D. lacked on
21. “We can’t go out in this weather,” said Bob, ______ out of the window.
A. looking
B. to look
C. looked
D. having looked
22. “You can’t catch me!” Janet shouted, ______ away.
A. run
B. running
C. to run
D. ran
23.Don’t sit there ______ nothing. Come and help me with this table.
A. do
B. to do
C. doing
D. and
24.When ______ different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities.
A. compared
B. comparing
C. being compared
D. having compared
25.While watching television, _____ .
A. the doorbell rang
B. the doorbell rings
C. we heard the doorbell ring
D. we heard the doorbell rings
26._____ the programme, they have to stay there for another two weeks.
A. Not completing
B. Not completed
C. Not having completed
D. Having not completed
27.______ from his accent, he must be ________ America.
A. Judged; from
B. To judge; of
C. Judging; from
D. Judging; of
28.______ , the more expensive the camera, the better its quality.
A. General speaking
B. Speaking general
C. Generally speaking
D. Speaking generally
29.Weather ______ , they will go and visit the zoo.
A. permitted
B. permits
C. permitting
D. permit
30.The meeting _____ over, we all left the room and drove home.
A. being
B. was
C. to be
D. had been
Part 3 综合能力训练
A mother and daughter living in my community are two of the most unfriendly people I have ever come across in my life. They are totally separated, mixing with 36 . As they drive past 37 they keep their eyes looking away and make no sign of acknowledgement. The only fame they have is making a nuisance (讨厌的人) of themselves to the local police station by 38 music played too loud, dogs barking more than once a day and any other petty 39 gripe (把柄).
On moving into this neighborhood, I was 40 of these two but decided I would make up my own mind.
This proved quite a 41 to me as more than once either the mother or the daughter would knock on my door and blast (猛烈抨击) me with some 42 or other.
I 43 answered politely and made sure I 44 as they went past my place and also made the effort now and then to make a kind remark about their garden or pets.
Time passed and in October, as part of the kindness rock give (送爱心石活动), Maureen and I 45 to place a kindness rock in their garden. Their 46 remained unchanged, however, and I continued to be as friendly as possible. During the Easter give, we decided once again to 47 these two unhappy ladies to our list and left a packet of cookies on their 48 . Imagine my 49 when two days later they 50 at my gate and jokingly said they are considering hanging their Christmas stocking on their gate, and they 51 me a bunch of flowers!
So, my fellow gifters, do not 52 on your random gifts of kindness. You may never know just what this 53 to others, nor how many broken or 54 hearted people you may just change with a simple act of 55 .
36. A. nobody B. someone C. anyone D. nothing
37. A. ladies B. neighbors C. friends D. relatives
38. A. composing B. requesting C. reporting D. explaining
39. A. important B. easy C. interesting D. little
40. A. accused B. warned C. reminded D. convinced
41. A. challenge B. job C. task D. matter
42. A. jokes B. advice C. explanation D. complaint
43. A. seldom B. never C. always D. sometimes
44. A. waved B. stared C. noticed D. laughed
45. A. started B. continued C. mentioned D. decided
46. A. smile B. attitude C. decision D. anger
47. A. add B. recommend C. reduced D. drove
48. A. place B. roof C. gate D. fence
49. A. interest B. smile C. surprise D. face
50. A. whispered B. stopped C. shouted D. wandered
51. A. brought B. wished C. threw D. expected
52. A. take in B. take up C. give in D. give up
53. A. refers B. means C. relates D. contributes
54. A. kind B. light C. hard D. warm
55. A. sorrow B. hope C. imagination D. kindness
参考答案
Part 1 Phrase: ADABA BDBCD CBBCA
Part 2
1—5 CDCBB
Grammar
BAADB, AABDB, CCDBA, CAADC, ABCBC, CCCCA
Part3
完形填空(共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)
36—40 ABCDB 41—45 ADCAD 46—50 BACCB 51—55 ADBCD
(完整版)高三英语语法填空专项训练(含答案解析)
高三英语专项训练----语法填空 （1）(Topic: ) Once there lived a rich man who wanted to do something for the people of his town. But first he wanted to find out 16 _______ they deserved his help. In the centre of the main road into the town，he placed 17 ___ very large stone. Then he 18____ (hide) behind a tree and waited. Soon an old man came along with his cow.“Who put this stone in the centre of the road?” said the old man, 19____ he did not try to remove the stone. Instead, with some difficulty he passed around the stone and continued on his way.20 ______ man came along and did the same thing; then another came，and another. All of them complained about the stone but did not tried to remove 21______. Late in the afternoon a young man came along. He saw the stone, 22 _______ (say) to himself: “The night will be very dark. Some neighbors will come along later 23 _____ the dark and will fall against the stone.” Then he began to move the stone. He pushed and pulled with all his 24 ________ (strong) to move it. How great was his surprise at last! 25 ________ the stone，he found a bag of money. （2）(Topic: ) The best gift I ever received is the parents that were given to me. I could not have picked out 16 _______ (good) parents myself. My mom is smart，funny，and very artistic. She loves painting and encouraging other people to paint as well. She owns 17______ own book and art store. And at night she teaches adult 18 ________ (educate). She helps kids 19 _________ have dropped out of high school 20 _________ (get) their diploma. She always has time for me and my brothers. She hardly ever gets mad 21 ______ us and loves doing new things with us，22 _____ going to a new museum or going out onto the beach in the middle of the winter and taking pictures at the beach in the snow. My dad knows 23 _____ to fix anything and loves to play musical instruments. He helps me with my science projects and other school projects. He works hard to make money for our family and hardly ever complains. He loves skating with me and 24______ (build) us a half pipe and other cool things. So I have to say that 25 _______ gift I’m most grateful for is the one the God gave me—my parents. （3）(Topic: ) Sometimes Chinese English teachers are puzzled by such questions，“Have you got any skills in reading comprehension?” Actually，many of the teachers can’t give students 16 ___ efficient way to deal with reading. Anyway，17 _____ often simply say，“Read more and practise more，and you 18 ______ (get) more experience in reading comprehension.” Frankly, these teachers’ good 19_________ (suggest) are only helpful to arouse students’ interest in reading 20 ____ not helpful to deal wit h the questions in the examinations of reading comprehension. Personally，I think the skill for reading comprehension should be based 21 ______ the knowledge of English writing. Since the English passages are written under some rules or principles，the science of reading 22 ______understanding may have a close relationship with writing.
高考英语语法真题串讲课程讲义
高考英语语法题复习指导 目录 高考英语语法题复习指导 (3) 关于我 (3) 高考语法考题中最核心的6个语法考点 (3) 高考语法考题中的其他考点 (3) 第一节动词的时态语态 (3) “9+3”时态总结 (3) 9种核心时态的被动语态 (4) 被动语态举例 (5) 动词的时态语态解题步骤 (6) 现在完成时中常见时间副词 (6) 两个重要的完成时“信号” (6) 三组高考易混时态的对比 (6) 主动形式表示被动 (7) 不能用完成时的常见点动词： (8) 高考真题讲解（动词的时态语态） (8) 第二节非谓语动词 (21) 非谓语动词(不是谓语的动词)分类： (21) 中文与英语在句子上最大的差别： (21) 非谓语动词解题步骤： (21) 高考真题讲解（非谓语动词） (24) 第三节情态动词和虚拟语气 (34) 情态动词的四种情况总结 (34) 虚拟语气 (36) 三大从句高考考点串讲 (42) 句子的分类 (42) 第四节定语从句 (42) 定语从句解题步骤 (42) 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别 (44) 高考真题讲解（定语从句） (44) 第五节名词性从句 (49) 主语从句 (49) 宾语从句 (49) 同位语从句 (50)
高考真题讲解（名词性从句） (50) 第六节状语从句 (54) 表示时间的状语从句 (55) 表示地点的状语从句 (56) 表示原因的状语从句 (56) 表示条件的状语从句 (57) 表示目的、结果的状语从句 (58) 表示让步的状语从句 (58) 高考真题讲解（状语从句） (58) 第六节高考语法考题中的其他考点 (64) 形容词副词，比较级/最高级 (64) 介词 (66) 代词用法 (67) 冠词 (69) 词义辨析 (71) 特殊句型 (72) 交际用语 (74)
(完整)高中英语语法填空20篇
（1） In the United States, there were 222 people ____1____ (report) to be billionaires(亿万富翁) in 2003. The ____2_____ of these is Bill Gates, worth at least $ 41 billion, who made his money ____3____ starting the company Microsoft. Mr. Gates was only 21 years old _____4____ he first helped to set up the company in 1976. He was a billionaire _____5___ the time he was 31. ____6____, there are still some other people who have made lots of money at even ____7____ (young) ages. Other young people who have struck it rich include Jackie Coogan and Shirley Temple. ____8____ of these child actors made over a million dollars ___9____ (act) in movies before they were 14. But ___10___ youngest billionaire is Albert von Thurn und T axis of Germany, who, in 2001, inherited (继承) a billion dollars when he turned 18! (2) Finishing their shopping at the mall, a couple discovered that their new car ____1_____ (steal) .They filed a report____2____ the police station and a detective drove them ____3____ to the parking lot to look for evidence. To their ____4____ (amaze), the car had been returned ___5____ there was a note in it that said: “I apologize for taking your car. My wife was having a baby and I had to rush her to the ____6_____. Please forget the inconvenience. There are two tickets ____7____ tonight's Mania Twain concert.” Their faith in humanity restored. The couple attended ____8____ concert. But when they returned home, they immediately found ____9______their house had been ransacked (洗劫). On the bathroom mirror was ____10_____ note: “I have to put my kid through college somehow, don't I?” (3) People _____1___ (live) in different countries made different kinds of words. Today there are about fifteen hundred _____2_____ in the world. Each contains many thousands of words. A very large dictionary, for example, contains four ___3___ five hundred thousand words. But we do not need ____4____ these. To read short stories you need to know only about two thousand words. ____5_____ you leave school, you will learn only one thousand or more. The words you know are called your vocabulary. You should try to make your vocabulary ______6___ (big). Read as many books as we can. There are a lot of books _____7____ (write) in easy English. You will enjoy them. When you meet _____8____ new word, look it ____9_____ in your dictionary. Your dictionary is your _____10_____ (much) useful book. (4) When you are in England you must be very careful in the streets ____1_____ the traffic drives on the left. Before you cross a street you must look to the right first _____2____ then the left. In the morning and in the evening when people go to or come from ____3____, the streets are very busy. Traffic is most ____4___ (danger) then. When you go by bus in England, you have to be careful, ____5____. Always
江苏高考英语语法专题复习知识点汇总
江苏高考英语语法专题复习知识点汇总 一、冠词The Article 知识要点： 冠词是一种虚词，放在名词的前面，帮助说明名词的含义。冠词分不定冠词（The Indefinite Article）和定冠词（The definite Article）两种。a (an) 是不定冠词，a用在辅音之前：如a book, a man; an用在元音之前，如：an old man, an hour, an interesting book等。the是定冠词。 一、不定冠词的用法 1、指人或事物的某一种类（泛指）。这是不定冠词a (an)的基本用法。如：She is a girl. I am a teacher. Please pass me an apple. 2、指某人或某物，但不具体说明何人或何物。如：He borrowed a story-book from the library. A Li is looking for you. 一位姓李的同志正在找你。 3、表示数量，有“一”的意思，但数的概念没有one强烈。如： I have a mouth, a nose and two eyes. 4、用于某些固定词组中。如： a bit, a few, a little, a lot of, a piece of, a cup of, a glass of, a pile of, a pair of, have a good time, for a while, for a long time等。 5、用在抽象名词前，表具体的介绍——a + 抽象名词，起具体化的作用。如： This little girl is a joy to her parents. 这女孩对她父母来说是一个乐趣。 It is a pleasure to talk with you. 跟您交谈真是一件愉快的事情。 It is an honour to me to attend the meeting. 参加这个会，对我来说是一种荣誉。 二、定冠词的用法： 1、特指某（些）人或某（些）事物。这是定冠词the的基本用法。如： Beijing is the capital of China. The pen on the desk is mine. 2、指谈话双方都知道的人或事物。如： Where is the teacher? Open the window, please. 3、指上文提过的人或事物（第二次出现）。如： There was a chair by the window. On the chair sat a young woman with a baby in her arms. The baby was thin. 4、用在世界上独一无二的事物前。如： the earth, the moon, the sun. 5、用在序数词和形容词最高级前。（副词最高级前的定冠词可省略）如： He is always the first to come to school. Bob is the tallest in his class. 6、用在某些专有名词前（由普通名词构成的专用名词）。如： the Great Wall, the Summer Palace, the Science Museum, the Children’s Palace, the Party等。 7、用在一些习惯用语中。如： on the day, in the morning (afternoon, evening), the day after tomorrow, the day before yesterday, the next year, by the way等。 8、用在江河湖海、山脉前。如： the Yellow River, the Pacific Ocean, the Alps, the Himalayas 9、用在报刊、杂志前。如： the People’s Daily, the Evening Paper, the Times 泰晤士报。 10、表示某一家人要加定冠词。如： The Browns are at home to receive visitors today. 布朗一家今天要接待客人。 11、用在形容词前，表某一类人。如： the poor, the wounded, the living, the dead, the rich, the sick等。 12、定冠词可以表示一事物内部的某处。如： The driver always sits in the front of the bus(car). 三、零冠词（即不用冠词）： 1、专用名词和不可数名词前。如： China, America, Grade One, Class Two, milk, oil, water, paper, science等。 2、名词前已有作定语用的this, that, my, your, some, any等代词。如： Go down this street. 3、复数名词表示一类人或事物时。如： We are students.
高中英语语法讲义——名词
高中英语语法讲义——名词 名词的数 单数名词变复数名词的常用法则 （1）一般情况直接加-s, 如：books, trees. （2）以-s, -x, -ch, -sh结尾的加-es, 如：glasses, boxes, watches, brushes. （3）以辅音字母加-y结尾的名词把-y改为-i再加-es. 如：stories, countries. （4）以-o结尾的常在词尾加-s，但中学英语中下列名词要加-es, 它们是：黑人英雄 ．．中吃土豆 ．．、西． ．．．．在回声 红柿 ．．，即Negroes, heroes, echoes, potatoes, tomatoes. 下列以-o结尾的名词既可加-es, 也可加-s,它们是：zeros (zeroes)零, mosquitos (mosquitoes)蚊子, volcanos (volcanoes) 火山。 （5）以-f或-fe结尾的名词变为复数时一般直接加-s，但下列名词需把f或fe去掉，加-ves，它们是：为 了自己 ．．和一片树叶 ．．上，把狼．劈成了两半．，即：selves, lives, ．．．．站在架子 ．．手里拿着刀子 ．．和他的妻子 ．．活命．，小偷 thieves, wives, knives, loaves, leaves, shelves, wolves, halves. 但下列以-f结尾的名词既可变f为v后加-es，也可直接在f后加-s，它们是：handkerchiefs (handkerchieves)手帕，scarfs (scarves)围巾。 （6）合成名词变复数时，通常只将里面所含的主体名词变为复数，如果没有主体名词，则将最后一部分变为复数。如sons-in-law女婿；passers-by过路人；storytellers讲故事的人；housewives家庭主妇。（7）“man/ woman+ n.”变复数时，作定语的man/ woman和中心词都要变复数。 men teachers男老师women engineers女工程师 （8）不规则复数形式 ①变内部元音 foot-feet man-men woman-women tooth-teeth mouse-mice goose-geese gentleman-gentlemen ②单复数同形的名词 sheep deer spacecraft太空船 aircraft飞行器Chinese Japanese
高考英语语法填空专题练习含答案
高考英语语法填空专题练习含答案 阅读下面短文，根据上下文填入适当的词语，或使用括号中的词语的适当形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡上标号的相应位置. 〔1〕 In the United States, there were 222 people 1.__________〔report〕to be billionaires〔亿万富翁〕in 2003. The 2.__________of these is Bill Gates, worth at least $ 41 billion, who made his money 3. 4. 5. __________the time he was 6.__________, there are still some other people who have made lots of money at even 7.__________〔young〕ages. Other young people who have struck it rich include Jackie Coogan and Shirley Temple. 8.__________of these child actors made over a million dollars 9.__________〔act〕in movies before they were 14. But 10. __________ youngest billionaire is Albert von Thurn und Taxis of Germany, who, in 2001, inherited 〔继承〕a billion dollars when he turned 18! 〔2〕 Finishing their shopping at the mall, a couple discovered that their new car 1.__________〔steal〕. They filed a report 2.__________the police station and a detective drove them 3.__________to the parking lot to look for evidence. To their 4.__________〔amaze〕, the car had been returned 5.__________there was a note in it that said: “I apologize for taking your car. My wife was having a baby and I had to rush her to the 6.__________. Please forget the inconvenience. There are two tickets 7.__________tonight's M ania Twain concert.” Their faith in humanity restored. The couple attended 8.__________concert. But when they returned home, they immediately found. 9.__________their house had been ransacked 〔洗劫〕. On the bathroom mirror was 10.__________note: “I have to put my kid through college somehow, don't I?” 〔3〕 People 1.__________〔live〕in different countries made different kinds of words. Today there are about fifteen hundred 2.__________in the world. Each contains many thousands of words. A very large dictionary, for example, contains four 3.__________ five hundred thousand words. But we do not need 4.__________these. To read short stories you need to know only about two thousand words. 5.__________you leave school, you will learn only one thousand or more.
高三高考英语语法专题复习之时态语态讲义教案(含练习答案)
学员编号：年级：高三课时数： 学员姓名：辅导科目：英语学科教师： 授课类型时态和语态 授课日期及时段 教学内容 上海高考考点分析——时态语态 考情分析 五年考情分析—时态语态 时间2009年2010年2011年2012年2013年占分2分2分2分2分2分题号第27、29题第26、30题第31、34题第26、30题第27、29题 考点过去完成时、 过去进行时的 被动语态 一般现在时、 现在进行时的 被动语态 过去将来时、一 般过去时的被 动语态 将来完成时、一 般现在时的被 动语态 过去完成时、 现在完成时的 被动语态 考点解读1、思维导图 动词时态语态 现在 过去 将来 一般现在时：do/does (is/am/are+表语) 现在进行时：am/is/are doing 现在完成时：have/has done 一般过去时：did(was/were+表语) 过去进行时：was/were+doing 过去完成时：had done 一般将来时：will do或 am/is/are+going to do 过去将来时：would do (was/ were going to do) 将来进行时：will be doing 被动语态 被动语态 被动语态 am/is/are done am/is/are being done have/has been done was/were done 被动语态 被动语态 was/were being done 被动语态 had been done 被动语态 被动语态 will/ shall be done would/ should be done 不在高考考查范围内 现在完成进行时:have/ has been doing 被动语态 / 不要忘了情态动词的被动语 态：情态动词+be+done
高三英语语法专题总结
高三语法专题总结 序号课题课时教学要求 冠词 3 1.熟知冠词的基本用法、习语和固定搭配 2.掌握冠词的一些灵活用法和特殊用法 1.冠词的基本用法 1 冠词的泛指、特指、类指、专指 2.冠词的习惯用法 1 1.定冠词的习惯用法 2.不定冠词的习惯用法 3.零冠词的习惯用法 3.冠词的活用 1 1.被具体化的抽象名词前的冠词用法 2.被普通化的专有名词前的冠词用法 3.形容词比较级、最高级和序数词前的冠词活用 高考重点冠词的基本用法及冠词的习惯用法 高考难点冠词的活用 专题二代词 3 熟练掌握不定代词、反身代词、指示代词、人称代词 以及it的灵活运用 1、不定代词 1 1、both,all,either,any,neither,none的用法 2、one，ones, the one,that,those的用法 3、one，another, the other, some ,others, the others的用法 4、复合不定代词及其他不定代词 2、反身代词 1 1、反身代词的基本用法 2、与反身代词构成的介词短语 3、与反身代词构成的动词短语 3、指示代词、人称代词和it的用法1 1、指示代词、人称代词的基本用法 2、It的用法 高考难点语境的真实性和复杂性、语义较丰语法复杂的不定代词的考查 专题三形容词和副词 2 了解形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的用法及常用句 型 1、形容词、副词的基 1 1、形容词、副词比较等级的基本用法
本用法2、对形容词、副词顺序的考查 2、形容词、副词的辨 析 1 在语境中学会形容词副词的用法 高考难点对于形容词副词比较等级的考查倾向于“淡化语法，注重深层语义的特点” 专题四语义辨析（名词、介词 及介词短语）3 1、在真实语境中能恰当的使用意义相近的介词，掌 握表示时间及空间的介词的用法 2、在语境中能恰当的使用介词的一些习惯用法和 介词与名词的固定搭配 1、名词辨析 1 1、名词的数和名词所有格的用法 2、名词的句法功能，尤其是名词作定语的用法 2、介词辨析 1 1、表示方位的介词 2、表示时间的介词 3、表示工具、手段、方式的介词 4、表原因、目的的介词 5、易混介词辨析 3.介词短语解析 1 1、与名词构成的介词短语 2、与某些形容词固定搭配的介词 高考难点介词短语的辨析，题干结构复杂 专题五动词和动词词组 2 1、掌握动词的及物和不及物性 2、掌握被动形式中英汉表达的不同 3、掌握感官动词作系动词：feel/look/sound 1、动词辨析 1 考纲中出现的动词及动词辨析 2、动词词组辨析 1 考纲中动词词组及辨析 高考难点同义词及词组辨析 专题六动词的时态及语态 2 1.建立“时”和“体”的概念 2.掌握一般将来时的各种形式及区别 3.掌握易混时态的用法：一般过去时和现在完成时 的区别 4.掌握各种时态的被动语态形式
高考英语语法复习讲义：语法总结全集
语法总结全集 名词和主谓一致 一、名词的分类 英语中名词主要可以分为可数名词和不可数名词。 1．可数名词 可数名词一般都有单复数。单数时，名词前可加不定冠词a/an；复数时，前面可加数词，名词本身要改成复数形式。 可数名词的复数有规则和不规则两种变化。规则的名词，只要在单数名词之后加“s”，“es”或去“y”加“ies”就行，如：an umbrella, twelve umbrellas；a factory, three factories。不规则的名词变化则要靠积累记忆，如：a mouse, ten mice；a policeman, six policemen。 有少数可数名词，如sheep，works（工厂），Chinese等，它们的单复数同形：a sheep, four sheep；a chemical works, five chemical works。 此外，还有一些可数名词只有复数形式，如clothes，trousers，cattle，police，people(人，人民)等。 英语名词中还有一些合成词，它们的复数形式有三种可能：1）后面的部分变成复数形式：grown-ups，boy students，grandchildren。2）前面的部分变成复数形式：passers-by，lookers-on，sons-in-law。3）前、后都变成复数形式：men doctors，women drivers。 2．不可数名词 不可数名词没有单复数的变化，前面也不能加a/an，或数词。但是我们可以用量词来表示不可数名词的数量，单复数表现在量词上，如：a piece of paper；two pieces of paper。 在有些情况下，不可数名词也可用a/an，表“一种”、“某种”的意思，如have a wonderful time，receive a good education，be made into a fine paper。 有时为了表示量大，不可数名词的后面也可加“s”，如sands，ashes，waters等。 但是我们在学习不可数名词的时候，特别要记住英语中有一些名词，它们无论在什么情况下，前面都不能用a/an，后面也不可加“s”，如weather，information，等。 3．有的名词既可是可数名词，也可是不可数名词 英语中有相当一部分的名词，既可以是可数，也可以是不可数，它们的意义有时略有不同，有时则完全不同。如：difficulty, success, time, work，paper，glass，等。 4．用于表示可数与不可数名词的数量“多”“少”的常用词和词组 跟可数名词连用的如：few, a few, many。 跟不可数名词连用的如：little, a little, much。 可数与不可数都能用的是：a lot of , plenty of。 二、主谓一致 1．通常被看作单数的主语部分 1）不定式、动名词和主语从句。 eg.. To see is to believe. Seeing is believing. What he said was different from what he did. 2）表示“时间”“距离”“金钱数量”的名词。 eg. Twenty years is quite a long time. 10 kilometers doesn’t seem to be a long distance to Mira. 300 dollars is too much for this old coin.
高考英语语法填空专题练习(24篇)含答案
高中英语语法填空练习（24篇） 阅读下面短文，根据上下文填入适当的词语，或使用括号中的词语的适当形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡上标号的相应位置。 （1） In the United States, there were 222 people 1.__________（report）to be billionaires（亿万富翁）in 2003. The 2.__________of these is Bill Gates, worth at least $ 41 billion, who made his money 3.__________starting the company Microsoft. Mr. Gates was only 21 years old 4.__________he first helped to set up the company in 1976. He was a billionaire 5. __________the time he was 6.__________, there are still some other people who have made lots of money at even 7.__________（young）ages. Other young people who have struck it rich include Jackie Coogan and Shirley Temple. 8.__________of these child actors made over a million dollars9.__________（act）in movies before they were 14. But10.__________ youngest billionaire is Albert von Thurn und Taxis of Germany, who, in 2001, inherited （继承）a billion dollars when he turned 18! （2） Finishing their shopping at the mall, a couple discovered that their new car 1.__________（steal）. They filed a report 2.__________the police station and a detective drove them 3.__________to the parking lot to look for evidence. To their 4.__________（amaze）, the car had been returned 5.__________there was a note in it that said: “I apologize for taking your ca r. My wife was having a baby and I had to rush her to the 6.__________. Please forget the inconvenience. There are two tickets 7.__________tonight's Mania Twain concert.” Their faith in humanity restored. The couple attended8.__________concert. But when they returned home, they immediately found. 9.__________their house had been ransacked （洗劫）. On the bathroom mirror was 10.__________note: “I have to put my kid through college somehow, don't I?” （3） People 1.__________（live）in different countries made different kinds of words. Today there are about fifteen hundred 2.__________in the world. Each contains many thousands of words. A very large dictionary,
2011-2017高考英语语法填空真题及答案
历年高考语法填空真题 1. （2017全国Ⅰ）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical community（医学界）61 a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side 62 (effect) such as overweight and heart disease—the very thing the medical community was trying to fight. Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required 63 (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt 64 (remove) from food, the food tastes as if is missing something. As 65 result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even 66 (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food 67 (be) full of fat and salt; by 68 (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet. Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be 69 (care) not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, 70 is not good for the health. 2. （2017全国Ⅱ）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible __61__(crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and __________62__ work. It took three years to complete and was built using an interesting method. This included digging up the road, ____63___(lay) the track and then building a strong roof over___64___ top. When all those had been done, the road surface was replaced. Steam engines ___65__(use) to pull the carriages and it must have been___66__(fair)unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using___67__ every day. Later, engineers ____68___(manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道）, which became known to the tube. This development was only possible with the ___69___ (introduce) of electric-powered engines and lifts. The central London Railway was one of the most ___70___(success) of these new lines, and was opened in 1900. It had white-painted tunnels and bright red carriages, and proved extremely popular with the public. 3. （2017全国Ⅲ）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 She looks like any other schoolgirl, fresh-faced and full of life. Sarah Thomas is looking forward to challenge of her new A-level course .But unlike school friends ,16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term 61 ________ (rest). Instead, she is earning $6500 a day as 62 __________ model in New Y ork. Sarah 63 __________ (tell) that she could be Britain?s new supermodel earning a million dollars in the new year. Her father Peter 44,wants her to give up school to model fulltime But Sarah, 64 _______ has taken part in shows along with top models wants 65_________ (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty. She is determined to carry on with her 66_________ (educate). She has turned down several 67_______ (invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies After school she plans to take a year off to model full time before going to university to get a