山东省沾化区2018-2019学年八年级上学期期末试题(无答案)

山东省沾化区2018-2019学年八年级上学期期末试题(无答案)
山东省沾化区2018-2019学年八年级上学期期末试题(无答案)

2018-2019学年沾化区八年级第一学期期末考试

一、选择题(本大题共12小题,每题3分,满分36分) 1.下列长度的三条线段能组成三角形的是( ) A.3,4,8 B. 5,6,11 C. 5,6,10 D.4,5,10 2.下列图形是轴对称图形的是( )

3.下列运算中,不正确的是( )

A. 43x x x =?

B. 2

3522x x x =÷ C. (

)

4

62

23

y x y

x = D.()

9

2

3-x x

=

4.下列各分式中是最简分式的是( ) A.

1-1-2x x B.x 24 C.1-22x x D.x x -11

- 5.下列方程中,不是分式方程的是( )

A.

111=-x B. 21

=-x x C. 131=+-x x π D.1

52-=x x 6.一个多边形的内角和是其外角和的两倍,则该多边形的边数是( )

A. 6

B. 7

C. 8

D. 9 7.下列说法不正确的是

A.两角和一条边分别对应相等的两个三角形全等

B.两边和一个角分别对应相等的两个三角形全等

C.角的内部到角的两边的距离相等的点在角的平分线上

D.在直角三角形中,30°锐角所对的直角边与另一条直角边的长度比为3:3

8.下列各分式中是最简分式的是( )

A.

1-1-2x x B.x 24 C.1-22x x D.x

x -11

- 9.已知实数x ,y ,z 满足

2=+y x xy ,23

=+z y yz ,2

3

-=+x z zx ,则zx yz xy xyz ++的值为

A. 2

B. 21

C. 4

D. 4

1

10.在△ABC 中,点D 为边AB 的中点,点E (不与A ,C

重合)是边AC 上的一点,将△ADE 沿着DE 翻折,点A 恰好落在BC 上的点F (不与B ,C 重合)处,若∠B =65°,∠DEF =70°,∠C 等于

A.45°

B.55°

C.65°

D.70° 11.若2+=n m ,则2

2

222n mn n m m +-+-的值是 A. -1 B. 0 C. 1 D. -2

12.如图所示,△ADB ≌△EDB ,△BDE ≌△CDE ,点B ,E ,C 在一条直线上,有下列结论:

①BD 是∠ABE 的平分线;②AB ⊥AC ;③∠C =30°④线段DE 是△BDC 的中线;⑤AD +BD =AC .其中正确的有

A.2个

B.3个

C.4个

D.5个

二、填空题:共8个小题,每题5分,满分40分. 13.计算:.7)4(7222=

÷m p m m

14.已知a m =2,b n

=32,m ,n 为正整数,则

.2103=

+n m

15.已知点()y x -4,关于x 轴的对称点与点()x y 2,1-关于y 轴的对称点的坐标相同,则=

xy

16.如下图所示,∠ABC =30°,在其内部有一点P ,且BP =3,在BA ,BC 边上各取一点P 1,P 2(不与点B 重合),则△PP 1P 2的周长的最小值是 .

(第16题) (第18题) 17.已知21-=-

x x ,则=++21

22x

x

18.如上图,点B ,C ,D ,E 在同一条直线上,△ABD ≌

△AEC ,BC =DE ,∠BAC =∠EDA ,则△ABD 与△AEC 的对应边为 .

19.当=x 时,分式525

-2+x x 的值为零.

20.观察下列式子:??? ??=?31-121311;??

?

??=?51-3121531;

??? ??=?71-5121751;??? ??=?91-7121971……,则 +

?311()().12121

7

51531=+-+???+?+?n n

三、解答题:本大题共6个小题,满分74分.

21.(本小题满分10分)计算: (1)()()[]2

1212+-x x ;

(2)??

? ??-÷???

??-c a bc a c b a 22222325232

22. (本小题满分12分)分解因式: (1)6422

--x x ;

(2)3

2

2

)()(2)(2n m n m m n m n +++++.

23.(本小题满分12分) (1)解方程:13

932

=-+-x x

x ;

(2)先化简:1

211112

-+÷???

??+--x x x x ,再从-2,-1, 1, 2这四个数中选择一个合适的数代入求值.

24.(本小题满分13分)

如图,在△ABC 中,AB =AC ,DE 垂直平分AB ,垂足为D ,与AC 交于点E ,连接BE .

(1)若∠A =42°,求∠EBC 的度数; (2)若AB =10,△BEC 的周长为16,求△ABC 的周长.

25.(本小题满分13分)

某县城需要铺设一条长660米的雨水管道,为了尽量减少施工对交通造成的影响,工程队实际施工时,每天铺设管道的长度比原计划增加了10%,结果提前6天完成. (1)求这个工程队原计划每天铺设管道多少米?

(2)在这项工程中,如果要求工程队提前11天完成任务,那么实际每天铺设管道的长度比原计划增加了百分之几?

26.(本小题满分14分)

如图,在正方形ABCD 中,AC ,BD 相交于点O ,DE 平分∠ADO 交AC 于点E ,将△ADE 沿AD 翻折,得到△E AD ',取DE 的中点F ,连接AF ,BF ,F E '.若AE =2,试求四边形E ABF '的面积.

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