第二课堂教案(春节)

《中国传统文化节日之——春节》

第二课堂教案英语

一、教学目标：

1、让学生在兴趣中学习英语；

2、通过对中国传统文化节日春节的介绍，让学生更进一步了

解中国的传统文化背景；

3、通过对春节的文化背景介绍，增强学生爱国情愫，不盲目

崇外；

4、通过相关春节词汇的学习，增长学生文化常识和词汇量的

记忆；

5、通过相关春节祝福语的学习，让学生灵活运用在实际场合

中；

6、通过学习简短的春节英文话题，进一步提高学生的口语表

达能力。

二、教学对象：针对所有专业学生

三、教学工具：多媒体

四、教学方法：情景教学法合作学习法

五、教学思路：收集学生感兴趣的话题，兴趣是最好的老师。因此

在本课的学习中，学生是学习的主人，让他们享受到学习的快

乐，获得相关的知识。

六、教学反馈：英语第二课堂，既是学生通过英语学习和实践活动，

提高语言实际运用能力的过程；又是他们陶冶情操、拓展视野、

丰富生活经历、开发思维能力、发展个性和提高人文素养的过

程。

七、教学内容/步骤：

（一）引入春节的来历和习俗（中英对照）：

春节的来历有一种传说，中国古时候有一种叫“年”的怪兽，头长触角，凶猛异常。“年”长年深居海底，每到除夕才爬上岸，吞食牲畜伤害人命。因此，每到除夕这天，村村寨寨的人们扶老携幼逃往深山，以躲避“年”兽的伤害。有一年除夕，从村外来了个乞讨的老人。乡亲们一片匆忙恐慌景象，只有村东头一位老婆婆给了老人些食物，并劝他快上山躲避“年”兽，那老人捋髯笑道：“婆婆若让我在家呆一夜，我一定把‘年’兽撵走。”老婆婆仍然继续劝说，乞讨老人笑而不语。半夜时分，“年”兽闯进村。它发现村里气氛与往年不同：村东头老婆婆家，门贴大红纸，屋内烛火通明。“年”兽浑身一抖，怪叫了一声。将近门口时，院内突然传来“砰砰啪啪”的炸响声，“年”浑身战栗，再不敢往前凑了。原来，“年”最怕红色、火光和炸响。这时，婆婆的家门大开，只见院内一位身披红袍的老人在哈哈大笑。“年”大惊失色，狼狈逃蹿了。第二天是正月初一，避难回来的人们见村里安然无恙十分惊奇。这时，老婆婆才恍然大悟，赶忙向乡亲们述说了乞讨老人的许诺。这件事很快在周围村里传开了，人们都知道了驱赶“年”兽的办法。从此每年除夕，家家贴红对联、燃放爆竹；户户烛火通明、守更待岁。初一一大早，还要走亲串友道喜问好。这风俗越传越广，成了中国民间最隆重的传统节日。

春节是个欢乐祥和的节日，也是亲人团聚的日子，离家在外的孩子在过春节时都要回家欢聚。过年的前一夜，就是旧年的腊月三十夜，也叫除夕，又叫团圆夜，在这新旧交替的时候，守岁是最重要的年俗活动之一，除夕晚上，全家老小都一起熬年守岁，欢聚酣饮，共享天伦之乐，北方地区在除夕有吃饺子的习俗，饺子的作法是先和面，和字就是合；饺子的饺和交谐音，合和交有相聚之意，又取更岁交子之意。在南方有过年吃年糕的习惯，甜甜的粘粘的年糕，象征新一年生活甜蜜蜜，步步高。

待第一声鸡啼响起，或是新年的钟声敲过，街上鞭炮齐鸣，响声此起彼伏，家家喜气洋洋，新的一年开始了，男女老少都穿着节日盛装，先给家族中的长者拜年祝寿，节中还有给儿童压岁钱，吃团年饭，初二、三就开始走亲戚看朋友，相互拜年，道贺祝福，说些恭贺新喜、恭喜发财、恭喜、过年好等话，祭祖等活动。

节日的热烈气氛不仅洋溢在各家各户，也充满各地的大街小巷，一些地方的街市上还有舞狮子，耍龙灯，演社火，游花市，逛庙会等习俗。这期间花灯满城，游人满街，热闹非凡，盛况空前，直要闹到正月十五元宵节过后，春节才算真正结束了。

春节是汉族最重要的节日，但是满、蒙古，瑶、壮、白、高山等十几个少数民族也有过春节的习俗，只是过节的形式更有自己的民族特色，更蕴味无穷。

Similar to the importance of the Christmas Day for the westerners, the Spring Festival is the most important celebration for Chinese people.（同西方传统节日圣诞节相比，春节是我们国家最重要的节日。）

The Spring Festival is the most important festival for the Chinese people and is when all family members get together, just like Christmas

in the West. All people living away from home go back, becoming the busiest time for transportation systems of about half a month from the Spring Festival. Airports, railway stations and long-distance bus stations are crowded with home returnees. （春节是中国最重要的节日。无论身在何处，人们都赶着回家过年。交通系统也迎来了春运高峰。）Strictly speaking, the Spring Festival starts every year in the early days of the 12th lunar month and will last till the mid 1st lunar month of the next year. Of them, the most important days are Spring Festival Eve and the first three days. The Chinese government now stipulates people have seven days off for the Chinese Lunar New Year. （春节放七天长假，除夕到大年初三是整个节假日最为重要的几天。）

Many customs accompany the Spring Festival. Some are still followed today, but others have weakened. （春节有许多习俗，有些已逐步荒废，有些尚且流行。）

On the 8th day of the 12th lunar month, many families make laba porridge, a delicious kind of porridge made with glutinous rice, millet, seeds of Job's tears, jujube berries, lotus seeds, beans, longan and gingko.

（腊月初八，许多家庭都会喝由糯米熬制，里面盛着栗子、薏仁、枣、莲子、豆子、桂圆和杏仁的腊八粥。）

The 23rd day of the 12th lunar month is called Preliminary Eve. At this time, people offer sacrifice to the kitchen god. Now however, most families make delicious food to enjoy themselves. （腊月二十三是小年。大多数家庭都会美餐一顿。）

After the Preliminary Eve, people begin preparing for the coming New Year. This is called "Seeing the New Year in". （过完小年，人们开始准备迎接新年的到来。）

Store owners are busy then as everybody goes out to purchase necessities for the New Year. Materials not only include edible oil, rice, flour, chicken, duck, fish and meat, but also fruit, candies and kinds of nuts. What's more, various decorations, new clothes and shoes for the children as well as gifts for the elderly, friends and relatives, are all on the list of purchasing. （人们开始置办年货。除了米面粮油，鸡鸭鱼肉，人们也会购买水果、糖果和坚果。另外，过年的装饰品，孩子们的新衣新鞋，亲戚朋友的礼物都在人们的考虑之列。）

Before the New Year comes, the people completely clean the indoors and outdoors of their homes as well as their clothes, bedclothes and all their utensils. （年前，人们会彻底清洗衣物，打扫房间。）

The Chinese character "fu" (meaning blessing or happiness) is a must. The character put on paper can be pasted normally or upside down, for in

Chinese the "reversed fu" is homophonic with "fu comes", both being pronounced as "fudaole." What's more, two big red lanterns can be raised on both sides of the front door. Red paper-cuttings can be seen on window glass and brightly colored New Year paintings with auspicious meanings may be put on the wall. （“福”字倒贴在门上，大红灯笼挂于大门两侧。大红的剪纸贴在窗户上，吉祥的年画被糊到墙上。）People attach great importance to Spring Festival Eve. At that time, all family members eat dinner together. The meal is more luxurious than usual. Dishes such as chicken, fish and bean curd cannot be excluded, for in Chinese, their pronunciations, respectively "ji", "yu" and "doufu," mean auspiciousness, abundance and richness. After the dinner, the whole family will sit together, chatting and watching TV. In recent years, the Spring Festival party broadcast on China Central Television Station (CCTV) is essential entertainment for the Chinese both at home and abroad. According to custom, each family will stay up to see the New Year in. （除夕是非常重要的一天。这一天，全家人要凑在一起吃团圆饭。饭后，人们会一起欣赏春节联欢晚会。按照习俗，一家人还会一道熬夜守岁。）

Waking up on New Year, everybody dresses up. First they extend greetings to their parents. Then each child will get money as a New Year gift, wrapped up in red paper. People in northern China will eat jiaozi, or dumplings, for breakfast, as they think "jiaozi" in sound means "bidding

farewell to the old and ushering in the new". Also, the shape of the dumpling is like gold ingot from ancient China. So people eat them and wish for money and treasure. （大年初一，人们会向长辈拜年。孩子们会拿到压岁钱。北方人通过吃饺子来祈祷来年的好财运。）Southern Chinese eat niangao (New Year cake made of glutinous rice flour) on this occasion, because as a homophone, niangao means "higher and higher, one year after another." （南方人则通过吃年糕来祈祷来年生活越来越好。）

The lively atmosphere not only fills every household, but permeates to streets and lanes. A series of activities such as lion dancing, dragon lantern dancing, lantern festivals and temple fairs will be held for days. The Spring Festival then comes to an end when the Lantern Festival is finished.（街道上也洋溢着浓浓的节日气氛。有的地方会舞狮，有的地方会办灯会，还有的地方会举办庙会。元霄节一过，就意味着春节结束了。）

China has 56 ethnic groups. Minorities celebrate their Spring Festival almost the same day as the Han people, and they have different customs. （中国有56个民族。少数民族也会以他们特有的习俗庆祝春节。）（二）春节词汇、相关习俗和祝福语（中英对照）：

Do you find it difficult to introduce the Chinese New Year? Well, this article will enrich your in talking about the festival.

词汇Vocabulary

春节The Spring Festival

守岁staying-up

农历lunar calendar

正月lunar January

除夕New Year's Eve

初一the beginning of New Year 元宵节The Lantern Festival

习俗Customs

过年Guo-nian

春联Spring Festival couplets

剪纸paper-cuts

年画New Year paintings

买年货do Spring Festival shopping 灯笼lantern: a portable light

烟花fireworks

爆竹firecrackers

舞狮lion dance

舞龙dragon dance

戏曲traditional opera

杂耍variety show

灯谜riddles written on lanterns

灯会exhibit of lantern

拜年pay New Year's call

禁忌taboo

祭祖宗offer sacrifices to one's ancestors

压岁钱gift money

（Culture Note: In the old days, New Year's money was given in the form of one hundred copper coins strung together on a red string and symbolized the hope that one would live to be a hundred years old. Today, money is placed inside red envelopes in denominations considered auspicious and given to represent luck and wealth.）

扫房spring cleaning

祝福语Blessings

金玉满堂Treasures fill the home

生意兴隆Business flourishes

岁岁平安Peace all year round

恭喜发财Wishing you prosperity

和气生财Harmony brings wealth

心想事成May all your wishes come true

吉祥如意Everything goes well

一帆风顺Wishing you every success

步步高升Promoting to a higher position

出入平安Safe trip wherever you go

祝您新的一年快乐幸福！Wish you happiness and prosperity in the coming year!

祝您事业成功，家庭美满Wish you success in your career and happiness of your family!

食品Food

年糕Nian-gao

团圆饭family reunion dinner

年夜饭the dinner on New Year's Eve

饺子Jiao-zi; Chinese meat ravioli

汤圆Tang-yuan

什锦糖assorted candies (symbol: sweet and fortune象征甜蜜和幸运) 蜜冬瓜candied winter melon (symbol: growth and good health 象征健康成长)

金桔cumquat (symbol: prosperity 象征拥有财富)

糖莲子candied lotus seed (symbol: many descendents to come 象征子孙满堂)

糖藕candied lotus root (symbol: fulfilling love relationship 象征家庭和睦)

红枣red dates (symbol: prosperity 象征拥有财富)

花生糖peanut candy (symbol: sweet 象征甜蜜)

（三）节日的话题：

范文：

[1]Everyone loves holidays. They are a time for fun and sharing happy times with family and friends. My favorite holiday is Chinese New Year.

[2]I like Chinese New Year better than any other festival. This is a time especially for rest and joy. I don’t have to study. I wear good clothes and eat good food. I have a good time from morning till night. To be frank with you, I am as happy as a king.

[3]Chinese New Year lasts as long as fifteen days. It gives us more pleasure than we can imagine. After that we have to resume our normal work. It’s too bad that wonderful holiday can’t last a little longer!

【1】每个人都喜欢节日，那是玩乐的时光，是我们与家人和朋友一起共享欢乐的时光。我最喜欢的节日就是春节。

【2】和其他节日相比，我更喜欢春节，这事一个用来休息和玩乐的特别日子。我不必读书，我穿新衣，吃美食，从早到晚都过得轻松愉快。不瞒你说，我像国王一样快乐。

【3】春节持续15天之久，它带给我们超乎想象的欢乐。之后，我们就得恢复我们正常的工作。可惜，这美妙的节日不能再长一些。

（四）课后作业：

搜集更多中国传统节日文化及背景知识。