初一上英语语法知识及习题(学生版).doc

初一上英语语法知识及习题(学生版).doc
初一上英语语法知识及习题(学生版).doc

七年级上册英语语法知识及习题

定冠词的用法

1)用于指谈话双方都知道的人或事物

Open the door, please.请把门打开。

2)用以复述上文提过的人或事物(第一次提到用“a或an”,以后再次提到用“the") I have a pencil, the pencil is green .我有一支铅笔,这支铅笔是绿色的。

3)用在序数词前

January is the first month of the year. 一月份是一年当中的第一个月。

4)表示世界上宇宙中独一无二的事物

the sun 太阳the moon 月亮the earth 地球(he sky 天空the world 世界5)表示演奏乐器时,乐器的前面要加the

play the piano 弹钢琴play the violin 拉小提琴

零冠词的用法

1)专有名词前一般不加冠词

Tom 汤姆China中国Europe欧洲

2)月份、周日、节日前一般不加冠词

January 一月份Sunday 星期日Christmas Day 圣诞节Thanksgiving 感恩节National Day国庆节May Day劳动节

比较:...on a Sunday morning.在一个星期天的早晨…(表示某一个。)3)三餐、四季前一般不加冠词

I have lunch at school.我在学校吃午餐。

4)球类运动不加冠词

play basketball 打篮球play volleyball 打排球play football 踢足球

时态概说

在英语中,不同时间发生的动作或存在的状态,要用不同的动词形式来表示,这种动词的不同形式称为吋态。

I am 14 this year.今年我14 岁。I was 13 last year.去年我13 岁。

He plavs soccer every day.他每天都踢足球。He played soccer yesterday.昨天他踢足球了。英语中共有16种时态,常用的有9种。

一般现在时

一般现在时表示现在的状态,如:He is 12. She is at home.

表示经常的或习惯性的动作,如:I go to school at 7:30 every day.

表示主语具备的性格和能力等,如:She likes apples. They know English.

动词的种类

动词分为四种:连系动词,实义动词,助动词,情态动词

1)连系动词:词义不完全,要和后面的表语一块构成谓语。

如be (am, is are)是,sound听起来,look看起来

She is my sister.

That sounds interesting .听起来很有趣。

2)实义动词,有实际意义的动词,能单独做谓语。如see, ask, like

I like bananas.

3)助动词:本身没有词义,帮助实义动词一起构成否定句,疑问句。如do, does

I dorft like chicken ?

Does he like apples ?

4)情态动词;本身具有一定意义,但不能单独作谓语,必须和实义动词一起构成谓语。can,能,会,must,必须,情态动词后一定要用动词原形。

I can speak English .

I must find it.我一定要找到它

动词be的用法

be的用法口诀

我用am,你用are, is连着他,她,它;

单数名词用is,复数名词全用are。

变疑问,往前提,句末问号莫丢弃。

变否定,更容易,be后not莫忘记。

疑问否定任你变,句首大写莫迟疑。

Be动词专项练习用am, is, are填空:

1? I _____ a stude nt. ______ you a stud ent? No, I ______ n ot.

2.The girl _____ J ack's sister.

3.The dog ______ tall and fat?

4.The man _______ a teacher.

5._____ your brother in the classroom?

6.Where _____ y our mother? She _______ at home.

7. How your father?

8. Jane and Tom my trie nds

9. Where my pen ?

10. Where my books ?

11. That my red skirt.

12. Who 1?

13.Thejeans on the desk?

14. Here a photo of my family .

15- Here some sweaters for you.

1& The black book ______ for Su Yang.

17.This pair of socks ______ 20 dollars.

18.The two cups of milk ____ for me.

19.Some tea _____ i n the glass.

20.How much ____ t he skirt?

21 How much _______ the trousers ?

22.My sister's name _____ Nancy.

23. _____ David and Helen from England?

24.There _____ a girl in the room.

25.You, he and I _____ from China.

句型转换的方法

一?肯定句变否定句

1.句子中有be,在be后加not。

)I am a student. — I am not a student.

2)They are blue ?— They arerVt blue.

3)He is Tom. — He is n't Tom

2.谓语是动词原形,在动词前加donate

)I have a book . f I don't have a book?

2)They like Chinese ?— They don〃t like Chinese?

3)We come from China. — We don z t come from China.

3谓语动词是第三人称单数,在动词前加doesn't,动词用原形。

1)She has a basketball. —She doesrVt have a basketball

2)Maria likes China? f Maria doesn't like China.

3)Ja ne comes from the U.S.A ?—Ja ne does n't come from the U.S.A. 练习:将下列句子变成否定句。

1. 1 am a teacher. ? 1 a teacher.

2. We are students. f We stude nts.

3. Jane is a girl, f Jane a girl.

4. They like English. 一亠They like Chinese

5. 1 come from China. f 1 come from China.

6. He likes Chinese.- ? He like Chinese.

7. Maria comes from Cuba? f Maria come from Cuba.

8. We know Maria. ? We know Maria

二.肯定句变一般疑问句

句子屮有be,把be提到句首

1)I am a student. —Are you a student?

2)They are blue?—Are they blue?

3)He is Tom. -^Is he Tom?

2.谓语是动词原形,在句首加do。

1).1 have a book ?—Do you have a book?

2)They like Chinese ? —Do they like Chinese?

3)We come from China? f Do you come from China?

3.谓语动词是第三人称单数,在句首加Does,动词用原形。

1)She has a basketball ?—Does she have a basketball?

2)Maria likes China. — Does Maria like China?

3)Jane comes from the U.S.A?—Does Jane come from the U.S.A?

4)She knows Maria??Does she k no w Maria?

练习:将下列句子变成一般疑问句。

1.I am a teacher. _____________ a teacher?

2.They are students? _____________ s tudents?

3.Jane is a girl. _______________ a girl?

4.They like English. _____ t hey like English?

5.I come from China?___ you come from China?

6.He likes Chinese. _______ he ______ C hinese?

7.Maria comes from America?

Maria from America?

8.We speak Chinese. _______ you _____ Chinese? 三?一般疑问句做肯定,否定回答

1.Are you Maria ?

肯定回答:Yes, I am.

否定回答:No, I'm not.

2.问句和答语的动词保持一致.

1)Are you a student?

肯:Yes, I am. 否:No, I'm not.

2)Is he Jack ?

肯:_____________ .否:__________________ 3)Do they like Chinese?

肯:______________ ? 否:______________ ?4)Does she have a basketball ?

肯: _______________ ? 否: _______________ ?3.问句和答语中的主语保持一致。(必须用主格) 1)Is Jane from the U.S.A?

肯:Yes, she is. 否:No, she isn't.

2)Does Li Hua come from China?

肯: _______________ .否: ________________ ?3)Do Jane and Maria like China?

肯: _______________ ?否: _______________ . 4)Is this a ruler?

肯: ______________ ?否: _______________ . 5)Is that a desk?

肯: _______________ ?否: _______________ ?6)Are these books?

肯: ______________ ? rF: _______________________ ?7)Are those pencils?

肯: ______________ ?否: _______________ ?8)Are these erasers?

肯: ______________ ?否: _______________ . 9)Is that an orange?

肯: ______________ ?否: _______________ .

练习:给下列句子做肯定回答或否定回答。

1.Are you a student?

Yes, _____ ________ . No, _______________ .

2.Do they like English?

Yes, ________________ . No, _________________ .

3.Is Jane a girl?

Yes, ________________ . No, _________________ .

4.Does Maria like China?

Yes, ________________ . No, _________________ .

5.Is Jenny a student?

Yes , _______________ No , __________

6.Is that a girl?

Yes, ________________ No , __________

7? Are those teleph on es?

Yes, ________________ No , __________

8.Does Tom know Jane?

Yes , _______________ No , __________

9.Do they come from the U.S.A?

Yes, ____________________ N o , ______

10.Is this an egg?

Yes, ________________ No , ______ 四.对划线部分提问.

口诀:一选二变三问号:

一选是分析句意,先选疑问词,代替划线部分(划线部分去掉),二变是把剩余部分变成一般疑问句(疑问词作主语时除外),第三步加上问号。

练习:对划线部分提问

1.The shoes are black _______________________________________

2.She is mv teacher. _____________________________________

3 My keys are on the sofa?_________________________________

4.Lily is in the classroom. _______________________________________

5? I am fine. _____________________________________

6. That boy is Tom. ______________________________________

10.Her teleph one nu mber is 88828539. ____________________________________

11.The skirt is 12 dollars _____________________________________

12.She is 12 years old. ____________________________________

13.His name is Jim Green ?__________________________________

14.My birthday is on December;24 ____________________________________

l._________________________________ My name is Nancy. your name?

2」am from China. ___________________ you from?

3」am fine . _________ a re you?

4.Miss.Wang is our English teacher.

________ is your English teacher?

5.Lucy is ten years old?__________________ are you?

6.It is yellow . ______________________ is it?

7.My telephone number is 5805000.

___________________ your telephone number?

8.They are cars . ________ are they?

9.This is my cap? ________ cap is this?

10.My favorite movie star is Bruce Lee.

________ is your favorite movie star ?

五?同义句转换.

1.Please give Jane the book?

Please _______ the book ___________Jane.

2.This is my book?This book is _______

3.He has short hair. _______ ________ is short?

4.My ruler is not long. My ruler is ___________

5.This jacket is not new?This jacket is ________

6.My English teacher is old ?

My English teacher is not __________ .

六.单复数转换.

1.将下列句子变成复数.

It is a box . _______________________________ .

This is a ruler. ___________________________________ .

That is an eraser. ________________________________

He is a student? ______________________________ .

2.将下列句子变成单数。

1.They are pen cils. _______________________________

2.These are erasers. ______________________________

3. _______________________________________ They are boys. .

4.They are girls . _______________________________ ..

5.Those are books. _______________________________

6.These are desks. _______________________________ .

7.These are boxes. _______________________________

8.Those are cars. _______________________________ .

六.仿照例句改写下列句子。

She is in the classroom .

否定句:She is not in the classroom. 一般疑问句:Is she in the classroom?

回答:Yes, she is. (No, she isn't)

1.I am a student.

否定句: _____________________________________

_般疑问句: __________________________________

肯、否定回答: _____________________________

2.This is my book.

否定句: _____________________________________

_般疑问句: ___________________________________

肯、否定回答: ________________________________

3.They are on the desk.

否定句: ___________________________________

_般疑问句: ________________________________

肯、否定回答: _____________________________

4.The pen is red.

否定句: ___________________________________

_般疑问句: ________________________________

肯、否定回答: ______________________________ 八.改写句子

1.Those are my books.

否定句: ____________________________________

—般疑问句: ________________________________

肯、否定回答: ______________________________

变单数: ________________________________

划线部分提问: ________________________________

2.She is my good friend.

否定句: _____________________________________

_般疑问句: ___________________________________

肯、否定回答: ________________________________

变复数: ____________________________________

划线部分提问: ________________________________

3.The pen is in the desk.

否定句: ____________________________________

_般疑问句: _________________________________

肯、否定回答: ______________________________

变复数: ____________________________________

划线部分提问: ________________________________

动词have , has的用法

用法一.have强调所属关系,主语常为人或物。意为“有”

当主语是第三人称单数,并且只有当句子为肯定句时,动词“有”用has,当主语不是第三人称单数时,以及否定句和疑问句中用一律用have

一.用have或has填空:

1.She _________ some balls.

2.They __________ a nice garden.

3.Miss Li doesn't __________ an English book.

4.What does Mike ___________ ?

5.My father _________ a story-booko

6.My parents don't ___________ a ny nice pictures.

7.David's friends __________ a basketball.

8.David _________ some jackets.

二.仿照例句句型转换:

1.We have a baseball.

①变一般疑问句Do you have a baseball ?

②肯定回答Yes J do?

③否定冋答No,ldorVt.

④否定句We don't have a baseball.

⑤对划线部分提问What do you have ?

2.David has a ruler.

①变一般疑问句Does David have a ruler ?(注意has变成have)

②肯定冋答Yes, he does .

③否定冋答No , he doesn't

④否定句David doesn't have a ruler.(注意has 变成have)

⑤对划线部分提问What does David have?(注意has变成have)练习:

1.Eric has some nice photos.

①变_般疑问句 ______________________________

②肯定回答 ______________________

③否定回答 ______________________

④否定句 ________________________

⑤对划线部分提问 ____________________________

2.Her friends have many books.

①变_般疑问句 ______________________________

②肯定回答 ______________________

③否定回答 ______________________

④否定句 ________________________

⑤对划线部分提问 ____________________________

3.Our school has a library.

①变_般疑问句 ______________________________

②肯定回答 ______________________

③否定回答 ______________________

④否定句 ________________________

⑤对划线部分提问 ____________________________

4.Lucy has an orange skirt.

①变_般疑问句 ______________________________

②肯定回答 ______________________

③否定回答 ______________________

④否定句 ________________________

⑤对划线部分提问 ____________________________

用法二.Have和has除了意思为“有”夕卜,还可以表示“吃或喝”

1. ________________ 吃早饭 __________________

2.吃午饭_________

3.吃晚饭

用法三Have也可以和表示某种活动的名词连用,意为“举行”

7. ____________________ 上课__________________________________ 8.举行生日聚会句型转换

1.I have some fish for lunch every day.

①变_般疑问句 ______________________________

②肯定回答 ______________________

③否定回答 ______________________

④否定句 ________________________

⑤对划线部分提问 ____________________________

2.Lily has apples for dinner.

①变_般疑问句 ______________________________

②肯定回答 ______________________

③否定回答 ______________________

④否定句 ________________________

⑤________________________________________ 对划线部分提问

(三)动词like的用法

仿照例句句型转换:

l.They like ice cream.

①变一般疑问句Do they like ice cream?

②肯定回答Yes, they I do .

③否定回答No , they don't.

④否定句they don't like ice cream .

⑤对划线部分提问What do they like ?

2.She likes vegetables.

①变一般疑问句Does she like vegetables?(注意likes 变成like)

②肯定冋答Yes, she does?

③否定回答No , she doesn't.

④否定句She doesn't like vegetables (注意likes 变成like)

⑤对划线部分提问What does she like ?

练习:

1. I like strawberries .

①变_般疑问句 ______________________________

②肯定回答 ______________________

③否定回答 ______________________

④否定句 ________________________

⑤对划线部分提问 ____________________________

2 .you like salad.

①变_般疑问句 ______________________________

②肯定回答 ______________________

③否定回答 ______________________

④否定句 ________________________

⑤对划线部分提问 ____________________________

3.Lily likes apples .

①变_般疑问句 ______________________________

②肯定回答 ______________________

③否定回答 ______________________

④否定句 ________________________

⑤对划线部分提问 ____________________________

4.His father likes pears.

①变_般疑问句 ______________________________

②肯定回答 ______________________

③否定回答 ______________________

④否定句 ________________________

⑤对划线部分提问 ____________________________

句型转换专项训练

1. Her phone number is 2345167.(提问) _________________ phone number?

2.I am Jim Greeru(同义句)____________________ Jim Green.

3.This is an ID card.(提问) ______________ in English?

4.This is Jim's card.(同义句)_________ is Jim's.

5? Her family name is Green.(同义句)Her _________________ is Green.

6.They are Lucy and Lily.(同义句)___________________ Lucy and Lily?

7.My last name is Green and first name is Jim.(同义句)___________________________ ?

8.He's in Class One.(提问)______________________ he in?

9.This is a nice flower.(同义句)____________________ nice .

10.That's my pencil case?(变否定句) ___________ my pencil case?

11.Is this your dicti on ary?(变复数句)___________ your ___________ ?

12.Are you a teacher?(做肯定回答)_____ , ______________ .

13.Five and two is seven.(提问) _______________ five and two ?

14.The pencil is blue.(提问)_____________________ the pencil ?

15.Lily is my friend and Lucy is my friend z too.(同义句)Lucy and Lily ______________________ ?

16.This is a girl.(变复数句)_____________________ girls.

17.These are my friends.(变否定句)_____________ my friends?

18.Mrs Green is Kate's mother.(同义句)Kate is ______________________ .

19.Those are Tom's photos.(变单数句)_____________ T om's photo.

20.Thank you for your photos?(同义句)___________ y our photos?

21.Those are Kate's pens.(同义句) ___________________ Kate's .

22.She's my aunt's daughter.(变复数句)_____ my aunt's ________ .

23.That woman's Jim's aunt?(提i可)_____________ t hat woman ?

24. a , is, family, this , of, photo, David's(连i诃成句)__________________________

25.My books are in the bag.(变一般疑问句) ___________ books in the bag ?

26.His baseball is under the chair.(变复数句)______________________ u nder the chair.

27.Your keys are next to the door.(变单数句)Your ____________ next to the door.

28.The sweater is on the bed.(变一般疑问句)_____________________ o n the bed ?

29.I need a hat.(变否定句)I _______________ a hat.

30.There are some apples on the tree?(变一般疑问句)____________________ a pples on the

tree ?

31.I know your pen is black.(变否定句)I _______________ your pen ______ black .

32.Are those bananas green?(做肯定回答) ______ , ________________ .

33.Some apples are on the bed.(提问)________________ o n the bed ?

34.We can see a bird in the tree.(变一般疑问句)____________________ a bird in the tree ?

35.We have seven classes every day.(变否定句)We __________________ seven classes every

day ?

36.He has two basketballs.(变一般疑问句) ____________________ t wo basketballs ?

37.She has a brother.(变复数句)_____________ a brother.

38.Is there a map of China in your class?(同义句) ___________ your class ________ a map of

China ?

39.He has a computer game?(变否定句)He _____________ a computer game .

40.Mary does homework at home?(变一般疑问句) ________ Mary ________ homework at

home?

41.Sue has a sports collection.(变一般疑问句)_____ Sue ______ a sports collection ?

42.I have seven balls.(变否定句)I ______________ seven ball.

43.Jim likes sports.(提问)________________ Jim _______ ?

44.Lucy plays the guitar every day.(提I、可)_____________ L ucy play the guitar ?

45.This game is relaxing.(同义句)______ is _______________ game ?

46.Terry has eight balls?(提问)_____________ balls __________ Terry have ?

47.She has two eggs for breakfast.(提问)________________ s he _________ f or breakfast ?

48.This is a strawberry .(变复数句)_______________________________ .

49.Mother has French fries and ice cream.(变否定句)Mother _________________ French fries

and ice cream .

50.They don't like hamburgers.(变一般疑问句)_____ they ______ hamburgers ?

51.Sandra Clark is a famous running star.(提问)________________ Sandra Clark ?

52.The girl likes hamburgers.(提问)_______________ hamburgers ?

53.Does he like ice cream?(变肯定句)He ________________ .

54.Tom likes salad and ice cream.(变否定句)Tom ____________ salad ________ ice cream.

55.My brother plays sports in the morning.(变一般疑问句)______ your brother ______ sports

in the morning?

56.I want three shirts?(提I、可)___________ shirts ________ you want?

57.The pants are 38 dollars,(提问) _______________________ the pants ?

58.Can I help you?(同义句)______ can I _______________________ ?

59.How much is this dress?(变复数句)How much _________________________ ?

60.I want to buy a pair of shoes?(提问) _____________ you ________ t o buy?

61.I like red.(提问)________________________ y ou ________ ?

62.The blue skirt is only 30 dollars.(提问)________________ i s only 30 dollars ?

63.Those are my socks.(同义句)__________ are ______ .

64.Her birthday is in July.(提问) _______________ her birthday ?

65.Susan is 13 years old?(提问)_______________________ S usan ?

66.We have football game at our school.(提问)____________________ y ou ________ f ootball

game ?

67.My aunt is 60 years old.(提问)_______________________________ ?

68.Bob likes music.(变否定句)Bob _____________ music .

69.Joe can speak Chinese.(变一般疑问句)_____ Joe ______ Chinese ?

70.My brother can play the guitar.(提问)________________ your brother ________ ?

71.She can si ng.(用dance 变选择疑问句)______ she sing ________ d ance?

72.can help you.(提问) _____________ h elp you ?

73.His parents have lunch at 12 o'clock.(提问)_________________________ his parents have

lunch ?

74.He likes math best.(同义句)_________________ is math.

75.Joe likes Chinese because it's interesting.(提讪_______________ Joe ______ Chinese ?

76.It's Saturday today.(提问)_____________ is it today ?

77.He plays football for two hours.(提问)_____________________ he play football ?

78.We go and see him.(变祈使句) ___________ and see him.

初一英语语法大全知识点

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—————————————————王先生是我们的英语老师。?————————————————— . 他们是我们的朋友。 ?—————————————————他是个非常聪明的男孩。 3.be + 介词短语 ?————————————————— . 书在桌子上。?—————————————————她现在在家。?—————————————————他们是美国人吗? 4.be + 副词 ?—————————————————下课了。 我们把this, these, that, those 这四个词称为“指示代词”,用来指示或标识人或事物。其中,this 和that 为单数指示代词,these 和those 为复数指示代词。例如: ?—————————————————这是我的妈妈。 ?—————————————————那是我的爸爸。 ?—————————————————这是我的父母。 ?————————————————— . 那是保罗的儿子和女儿。 通常,我们谈论离自己近的人或物时用 this / these,离自己远的人或物时用that / those 。例如: ?———————————————— ?我喜欢这些书,但是我不喜欢那些书。

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