高考英语二轮复习精讲精练3

二轮复习精讲精练3

复习目标：Be to do 的用法以及培养学生概括主题句的能力（一）

题组练习一：背诵下面的句子：

A new bridge is to be built over the river soon.

No one is to leave the cinema without the police’s permission.

Troubles never come singly. The worst is still to come.

If we are to be there in time, we'll have to hurry up.

I was to have seen him last Wednesday but he did not come.

知识梳理

be (was / were) to do

1. 对主语内容进行解释说明，例如：

What you should do is (to) answer my questions.

2. 表示安排、命令、职责、义务、目的、用途、可能性、命中注定等：

表示坚决的命令

1. This naughty boy is to stay here until the class is over.

2. No one is to enter this building without the permission of the security guard.

表示“计划”或“安排的事项”：

An insurance agent is to meet us this afternoon.

表示“可能性”：

The lovely puppy is nowhere to be found.

表示“意图”或“打算”：

If you are to be there on time, you had better hurry.

表示“应该”：

You have done so well. You are to be rewarded.

Such nasty questions are to be avoided.

表示“不可避免”：

Anne was wondering what was to become of her boy friend, Tommy.

The murderer was sentenced to life imprisonment and was never to see his family again.

表示“假设”：

If I were to do it, I would do it well.

Even if you were to take a taxi now, you would not be able to arrive at your destination on time. 有“期待将来”的含意：

The actual usefulness of the newly invented equipment is still to be determined.

有“必然会发生”的含意：

She did not think too much of her unkind acts. However, they were to be harmful to herself, too. Tom wasn't worried about his head injury, but it was to be troublesome for him later.

3. 构成虚拟语气：

1.were to do 用于虚拟条件句中，表示对将来情况的虚拟：

What would you do if war were to break out? 假如战争爆发你会怎么做？

当if省略时，从句要倒装What would you do，were war to break out?

2. was/were+不定式的完成式: 表示：本打算；本应当做的事情没有做成或没有发生。We were to have been married last year。我们本打算去年结婚的。

4.be 后的个别动词不定式的主动形式表示被动意义：

It's Jim who is to blame. 该怪的是吉姆。This house is to let. 此房出租。

题组练习二：真题演练

1. In such dry weather, the flowers will have to be watered if they ________.(2001年上海)

A. have survived

B. are to survive

C. would survive

D. will survive

2. In a room above the store, where a party ________, some workers were busily setting the table.(2006年湖南卷)

A. was to be held

B. has been held

C. will be held

D. is being held

3.________ right away, you would arrive there by 5 o’clock p.m.（2008烟台模拟）

A. would you leave

B. will you leave

C. were you to leave

D. if you’ll leave

4.At this time tomorrow ________ over the Atlantic. (2003年北京)

A. we’re going to fly

B. we’ll be flying

C. we’ll fly

D. we’re to fly

5.When he ________ the door, he found his keys were nowhere.(2009年湖南卷)

A. would open

B. opened

C. had opened

D. was to open

6. The discovery of gold in Australia led thousands to believe that a fortune ________.(2010全国I卷)

A. is made

B. would make

C. was to be made

D. had made

7. I feel it is your husband who ________ for the spoiled child.(2002年上海)

A. is to blame

B. is going to blame

C. is to be blamed

D. should blame

8. The careless driver is ________ for the traffic accident that ________yesterday.(2007年天津)

A. to blame; happened

B. to blame; was happened

C. to be blamed; was happened

D. to be blamed; happened

题组练习三：通过不同的句子间关系，迅速捕捉主题句。

1.并列关系解释主题句

All the people on our block give us trouble．Mrs. Brown calls the police whenever we go to play ball on the street．Mrs. Johnson complains that skateboarding makes too much noise．If we happen to stray into Mr. Hardy's yard, he yells at us．

后面三句话是并列关系，从三个方面解释主题句。。

2．因果关系演绎主题句

The quiet life of the country has never attracted me．City born and city brought up，I have always regarded the country as something you look at through a train window or something you occasionally visit during the weekend．

先把结果呈现出来，后说明原因。命题者常以文中因果句命制一些考查文中两个事件内在的因果关系的试题，或出些概括文意、段意试题。一般以"推理性"题型和主旨大意题型出现，兼顾少量其它题型。表示因果关系的词有：because, since, for，as, therefore, consequently, result in, originate from 等。

3．层递关系阐述主题句

…I seem to be suffering all the illnesses imaginable：insomnia (sleepless)，headache，backache，indigestion, and pains in the stomach．To make things still worse，I've caught a cold，I've got a sore throat，and I'm constantly sneezing and coughing．To crown it all(最糟糕的是)，I had an accident the other day，hurt my right shoulder，leg and knee，and nearly broke my neck．If I take a long walk，I get short of breath．In fact，I feel more dead than alive．

第一句是主题句，后面四句话由轻到重说明的状况。

4．转折关系突显主题句

Aeroplanes have the reputation of being dangerous and even experienced travellers are frightened by them．They also have the serious disadvantage of being the most expensive form of

transport．But nothing can match them for speed and comfort．

先用两句话说明飞机的缺点，然后用一个转折连词but提出自己要阐述的主题。一般而言，转折后的内容常常是语义的重点，命题者常对转折处的内容进行提问。转折一般通过however, but, yet, in fact等词或短语来引导。强对比常由unlike, until, not so much…as等词或短语引导。命题者常对用来对比的双方属性进行考查。

技巧点拨：

1.在段落中找主题句时要多关注句与句之间的关系。

2.文中表达关系的词是理顺句与句关系或段落与段落之间关系的关键词。

3.在比较长或段落比较多文章中，段落与段落之间的关系也为寻找中心提供重要的依据。

真题演练：2002北京春季B篇

There are three separate sources of danger in supplying energy by nuclear power（原子能）．First，the radioactive material must travel from its place of production to the power station．Although the power stations themselves are strongly built，the containers used for the transport of the materials are not．Normally，only two methods of transport are in use，namely road or rail．Unfortunately，both of these may have an effect on the general public，since they are sure to pass near，or even through，heavily populated areas．

Second，there is the problem of waste．All nuclear power stations produce wastes that in most cases will remain radioactive for thousands of years．It is impossible to make these wastes nonradioactive，and so they must be stored in one of the inconvenient ways that scientists have invented．For example，they may be buried under the ground，or dropped into deserted mines，or sunk in the sea．However，these methods do not solve the problem，since an earthquake could easily break the containers．

Third，there may occur the danger of a leak（泄漏）or an explosion at the power station．As with the other two dangers，this is not very likely，so it does not provide a serious objection to the nuclear program．However，it can happen．

Separately，these three types of dangers are not a great cause for worry．Taken together，though，the probability of disaster（灾难）is extremely high．

61. Which of the following if FALSE?

A. It is possible that a leak or an explosion occurs at a power station.

B. It is unusual for radioactive materials to be transported across land.

C. The containers are likely to be broken by an earthquake.

D. Nuclear wastes remain dangerous in most cases for many years.

62. The author thinks that the ways to store nuclear wastes are .

A. easy

B. impossible

C. reasonable

D. ineffective

63. What do we learn from the last paragraph?

A. The power station is a safe place.

B. The dangers of nuclear energy can be prevented.

C. The general public are strongly against the nuclear program.

D. By itself, none of the three dangers is very likely to cause much worry.

64. What is the passage about？

A．Uses of nuclear power．B．Dangers from nuclear power．

C．Public anger at nuclear power．D．Accidents caused by nuclear power．

题组练习二：1-5 BACBD 6—8 CAA

题组练习三：本文为说明文；并列关系解释主题句。

61--64 BDDB

64：【解析】第一段点明全文主旨：There are three separate sources of danger in supplying energy by nuclear power（原子能）.为文章的主题句。接着从三个并列的方面论述主题：First…，Second…，Third… ，可以看出段落为并列关系，每段第一句分别为各段的主题句，层次分明，结构清晰，最后一段作者进一步归纳全文大意：Dangers from nuclear power。此题答案为B。