虚拟语气语法总结
虚拟语气
在英语文法中有三种语气，即直述式语气(Indicative Mood)、祈使语气(Imperative Mood)和虚拟语气(Subjective Mood)，其中前两种我们早已熟悉了，这里则不多谈了，如：How beautiful she is! 则是直述式语气，而Hurry up! Don't hurry up 则是祈使语气。我们主要来看看虚拟语气的主要用法。虚拟语气主要是用来表达一种无法实现的愿望，一种与事实相反的情况，或者将不可能实现的，或可能性很小的事实，假想为事实予以表述。这样的动词结构称为虚拟语气。它主要有三种形式，即与现在事实相反的假设，与过去事实相反的假设，与将来事实相反的假设。它们具体结构如表８－７。
虚拟语气的构成
虚拟语气其他习惯用法简表
1 语法辨析
Incorrect: If I was a girl，I would marry you
Correct: If I were a girl，I would marry you
表示与现在事实相反的虚拟语气时，if条件句中的be动词一律用were，这句话应译为我要是个女孩，我就嫁给你。实际上不可能是个女孩。
Incorrect: If I were you I will not worry
Correct: If I were you I shouldn't worry
现在时的虚拟语气主句要用should 或would 加动词原形，这句话应译为我要是你的话，就没有必要烦恼。要注意这种语态用在这里实际上是想把要讲出的观点表达得婉转些，有礼貌些。
Incorrect: God forgives you!
Correct: God forgive you!
这里的主语God 是第三人称单数，之所以动词不加s 是因为要表达一种祝愿，即人力所不能及的事情，实际上是forgive前有一助动词should，May 等，但在口语中将其省略了。如：May you be happy 祝你幸福。
Incorrect: If the weather was nice yesterday,
we would have gone to the zoo
Correct: If the weather had been nice yesterday，we would have gone to the zoo
因句中有yesterday 一词即表示的是与过去相反的事实，即昨天天气很不好，我们也未去动物园，所以if 条件句应用had＋过去分词。
Incorrect: If it is was not snowing right now,I will go for a walk
Correct: If it was (were) not snowing right now，I would go for a walk
虚拟语态be 动词作助动词时，则可用was来取代were，如was to。虚拟语态中的动词如果是表示正在进行之中也要用进行时态。
Incorrect: If you had taken my advice,
you would have been better now
Correct: If you had taken my advice,
you would be better now
这句话的意思是如果你以前要是能听我的忠告的话，你现在就会好多了。其条件句是与过去事实相反的虚拟句，而主句是与现在事实相反的虚拟句，这在语法书中叫做混合虚拟条件句。例如：If I had caught that plane，I would be dead now 即：The plane I intended to catch crashed and everyone was killed
Incorrect: He were you，he would go home at once
Correct: Were he you，he would go home at once
Correct: If he were you，he would go home at once
在虚拟条件句中的if可以省略，但if省略后其句子的结构要采用倒装语序。
Incorrect: Supposing your teacher saw you with me What does she think?
Correct: Supposing your teacher saw you with me，what might she think?
这句话中没有if条件句，但仍要用作虚拟语态。这里因为有些分词或介词短语，起到了从句的作用。这些短语有：without，providing, supposing，but
for(you)…
Incorrect: To see the girl，you will like her
Correct: To see the girl，you would like her
这里的条件句是用不定式取代了。
Incorrect: I'm sorry I did have come here by car
Correct: I'm sorry I should have come here bycar
这里的条件句被省略了，其意为我真应该坐小车来。同样在句意不会混淆的情况下，主句也有时可以被省略，如：What if we should fail! (我们万一失败了如何)。If he could do it, why not? (如果他能做，他怎么会不干呢?)
Incorrect: If the earth were (was) to turn from east to west，I will
give you this car as a gift
Correct: If the earth were(was) to turn from east to west I would give you this car as a gift
条件句中也常用were to 来表示说话者认为可能性极小或根本不可能的事。
Incorrect: If you'd have told him early，he would have passed the exam
Correct: If you had told him early，he would have passed the exam
非正式口语中往往听见外国人讲：'d have＋pp (过去分词)但仍没有人认为它是正确的句子，不易为我们效仿。
Incorrect: The little girl looked as if she would have seena ghost
Correct: The little girl looked as if she had seen a ghost
要注意的是as if 从句中如果用虚拟语气，它的用法要与if条件句的动词结构相同，即与现在事实相反动词用过去式，be 动词用were，而与过去事实相反的动词用had＋pp (过去分词)。另外更要注意的是，并非所有as if 从句都要用虚拟语气。如：Itlooks as if it is going to snow (看天好像要下雪)即是真实条件句。
Incorrect: I should have come here early，but I had beenbusy
Correct: I should have come here early but I wasbusy
but 是转折连词，其后的句子是真实句，而不是虚拟句。
Incorrect: To tell the truth，I wish I know her address now
Correct: To tell the truth, I wish I knew heraddress now
wish的宾语从句中要用虚拟结构，与现在事实相反的条件动词要用过去式，be动词用were，与过去事实相反的条件动词要用had＋过去分词。如：I wished I had passed that exam
Incorrect: His homework was written badly
I wish he will do it better tomorrow
Correct: His homework was written badly
I wish he would do it better tomorrow
wish要用来表示对现状不满，希望将来有所改进，则要用would加动词原形。并非wish不能表达真正的祝愿，但是不能接从句，而要用双宾语，或不定式，如：I wish you luck (双宾语)
I wish you to be a good student
I wish to see her at once
Incorrect: I wish it will not be another failure
Correct: I hope it will not be another failure
Correct: I wish it would not be another failure
要注意hope 与wish 的不同用法。
2 例题解析
［例1］If he on tourists for his business，he would have to close his shop
A depends
B will depend
C depended Dhas depended
［答案］C．这是与现在事实相反的假设。应译为：如果他仅靠旅游来做生意的话，他早就要关门了。
［例2］Had she been younger，she more beautiful
A had been
B might have been
C might be
D would be
［答案］B．因其条件句是省去if的与过去事实相反的假设。
［例3］If you that TV play last night，you wouldn't be sleepy
A haven't watched
B didn't watch
C hadn't watched
D wouldn't have watched
［答案］C．因是与过去事实相反的假设。应译为：昨晚你要是不看那个电视剧，你现在也不会这么困倦了。这是混合虚拟句，主句是与现在事实相反的虚拟。
［例4］If it tomorrow，we will not go for the picnic
A will rain
B had rained
C rained
D rains
［答案］D．因其主句是将来时，所以条件句应用一般现在时表示将来。所以要注意的是有些真实条件句并没有虚拟的含意，不要乱用虚拟语态。
［例5］We had hoped that we go home at once
A did
B will
C /
D would
［答案］D．had hoped 用来表达对过去未能实现的愿望，其宾语从句要用would加动词原形。
［例6］I want to see her today
I'd rather you
A didn't
B do not
C don't
D do
［答案］A．'d rather 其后如直接接动词则用动词原形。如加宾语从句则从句中谓语动词要用过去式。
［例7］It is very late，It's time
A we have left
B we will leave
C we left
D we leave
［答案］C．要注意It is (high/about) time 其后可接for something, 如：It is time for supper. 或for somebody to do something 也可接从句，但从句中的谓语动词要用过去式，有时也可用should加动词原形，但should不可省略。
［例8］These typewritten papers are very neat
I wish I type too，but I don't know how
A can
B may
C could
D will
［答案］C．因wish在从句中表示与现在相反的虚拟，所以要用would或could。
［例9］It is important that he this work at once
A do
B does
C did
D will do
［答案］A．虚拟语气可以用来表示要求、建议、提议、命令、意愿等。在Itis ＋形容词(过去分词) ＋从句的结构中，从句中的谓语动词要用should加动词原形，其should在美语中经常省略。这样的形容词有：important，necessary，strange，natural。这样的过去分词有：demanded, requested, suggested，required，recommended。
［例10］The teacher ordered that the students her
A obeys
B obeyed
C obeying
D obey
［答案］D．因带有命令要求口气的动词其宾语从句中的谓语动词也要用should 加动词原形。其should在美语中则被省略。这样的动词有：ask，advise，demand，desire，insist，order，recommend, require，request，suggest…
［例11］She rejected my suggestion that she her son the next week
A met
B will meet
C meet
D would meet
［答案］C．因同位语从句的谓语动词要用should加动词原形。这是因为其前面的名词是由［例10］中的那些表示愿望、命令、建议的动词转化而来的。
［例12］What's the matter with her?
I don't know but she looks she'd lost her boy friend
A that
B so that
C as
D as if
［答案］D．其意为她看上去好像是失掉了男朋友一样脸色不好看。
［例13］You finally passed the exam
Yes，your help. I would have not succeeded
A but that
B but for
C but if
D thanks to
［答案］B．由but for，without，supposing 等短语或连接词也可以引出虚拟语态。
［例14］today，he would get there by the weekend
A Would he leave
B Was he leaving
C Were he to leave
D If he leaves
［答案］C．如果条件句中if被省去，则要用倒装语序。be to在虚拟条件句中应用were to 或was to取代。
［例15］I wish I to talk this over with him when he was here last night
A was able
B were able
C had been able
D should be able
［答案］C．在wish从句中要表达对过去事实的一种不可能实现的愿望时，要用had 加过去分词。
［例16］Jane appears as though she the secret
A knows
B has known
C is knowing
D had known
［答案］D．这是对过去事实的假设，as though ＝as if
［例17］Her pale face suggested that she ill，and the teacher wanted to send her to the doctor's
A be
B should be
C were
D was
［答案］D．因suggest 作建议讲时其宾语从句要用虚拟语气，但是作暗示则不要用虚拟语态。
［例18］Without electricity，human life quite different today
A is
B be
C will be
D would be
［答案］D．由without 介词短语引出的虚拟条件句，其主句如表示与现在事实相反，则用should，would加动词原形。
［例19］He insisted that he do it alone
A wanted to
B want to
C should want to
D wants to
［答案］A．如果主句的主语与宾语从句的主语是同一个人时，insist从句中则不宜用虚拟语态。
［例20］If it so hard，we'd go home
A isn't raining
B doesn't rain
C weren't raining
D isn't going to rain
［答案］C．因is raining的过去时应为was raining，但在虚拟条件句中最好用were raining。
英语虚拟语气语法归纳总结
虚拟语气: 表示说的话不是事实，不可能发生或者说可能性很小的情况，表达一种愿望、建议、假设。 if were/did, would do if had done, would have done if were to do/should do, would do 举例： If I were you, I would do nothing about it. If you had taken your teacher’s advice, you wouldn’t have made such a mistake. If it were to/ should rain tomorrow(表示降水率很低)，they wouldn’t go shopping. 附注： 虚拟语气，条件状从倒装 状语从句中，去掉if,提前were/ had/ should 如：If I were you, I would give up. →Were I you, I would give up If you had taken the advice, you would have…. →Had you taken the advice, you would have… If the world shou ld come to an end,…… →Should the world come to an end…… 另外，without, but for, otherwise构成的条件状语从句中，也有含蓄的虚拟语气But for the popularization of electricity, we would lead a whole different life today. (popularization 普及，publicity 宣传) Without your help, I would have failed. We’ll go earlier, otherwise we wouldn’t get a seat.（表示可能性小）
虚拟语气用法总结及详细解析
虚拟语气用法 英语中的语气分为陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气、疑问语气和感叹语气五类。 1、表示动作或状态是客观存在的、确定的或符合事实的，用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句中。 China is an Asian country. (肯定句) How interesting my stay in China has been! (感叹句) 2、祈使句表示说话人对对方的请求、警告，建议或命令。如: Please come over here. 请到这边来。 Watch your steps! 当心!(走路) 3、虚拟语气表示说话者做出的假设而非事实，或难以实现的情况，甚至表达彻底相反的概念。此外，如需表达主观愿望或某种强烈的感情时，也可用虚拟语气。虚拟语气是由句中的谓语动词的特殊形式表示出来的。如: If I were a bird，I would be able to fly in the air. 如果我是一只小鸟，我就能在空中飞行。 I wish I could pass the examination. 我希望我能通过考试。
If there were a heavy snow next Sunday, we would not go skating. 如果下周日下大雪，我们就不能去滑冰了。 If she were to be here next Monday, I would tell her about the matter. 如果她下周一来这儿的话，我就会告诉她这件事的始末。 4、有时，虚拟条件句中，结果主句和条件从句的谓语动作若不是同时发生时，虚拟语气的形式应作相应的调整。这种条件句叫错综条件句。 ①从句的动作与过去事实相反，而主句的动作与现在或现在正在发生的事实不符。 If I had worked hard at school, I would be an engineer, too.如果我在学校学习刻苦的话，我现在也会成为一个工程师了 If they had informed us, we would not come here now. 如果他们通知过我们的话，我们现在就不会来这里了。 ②从句的动作与现在事实相反，而主句的动作与过去事实不符。 If he were free today, we would have sent him to Beijing. 如果他今天有空的话，我们会已经派他去北京了。 If he knew her, he would have greeted her. 要是他认识她的话，他肯定会去问候她了。 5、当虚拟条件句的谓语动词含有were, should, had时，if可以省略，这时条件从句要用倒装语序，即把were, should, had等词置于句首，这种多用于书面语。 Should he agree to go there, we would send him there.要是他答应去的话，我们就派他去。 Were she here, she would agree with us.如果她在这儿的话，她会同意我们的。 Had he learnt about computers, we would have hired him to work here. 如果他懂一些电脑知识的话，我们已经聘用他来这里工作了。 【注意】 若条件从句为否定句，否定词not应置于主语之后，而不能与were，should，had 等缩略成Weren't，Shouldn't，Hadn't而置于句首。 Had it not been for the bad weather we would have arrived on time. 若不是天气坏，我们就准时到达了。 ②有时省略if后提前的had不是助动词: Had I time，I would come. 假若我有时间，我会来的。(=If I had time…) 6、非真实条件句中的条件从句有时不表达出来，暗含在副词、介词短语、上下文或其他方式表示出来，这种句子叫做含蓄条件句。 ①将条件会暗含在介词短语中，如without…, but for…,otherwise（要不是因为）等 But for his help, we would be working now. (要不是他的帮助，我们还会在工作呢。
可用虚拟语气的用法总结
虚拟语气的用法总结 语气：语气是动词的一中形式，它表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。 虚拟语气表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实，而是说话人的主观愿望，假设或推测等。如If I were you, I should study English. 一．虚拟语气在条件从句的用法 条件句有两类，一类是真实条件句；一类是非真实条件句，也就是虚拟条件句。 如果假设的情况是有可能发生的，就是真实条件句，谓语要用陈述语气。如If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will go to the park. 如果假设的情况是过去或现在都不存在的，或将来不大可能发生的，则是虚拟条件句。如If he had seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it. 在含有虚拟条件句的复合句中，主句 If her mother had taken the doctor’s advice, she would/might have got well earlier. If it were to rain tomorrow, the match would be canceled. 有时候省略if，采用局部倒装语序。把had /should/were 等动词（不包括行为动词）移到从句的句首。例如： Were it to rain tomorrow, our picnic would be canceled. Had it not been for the storm, we would have arrived in time. Should the earth stop running, what would happen? 二. 错综时间条件句 有时条件从句的动作和主句动作发生的时间不一致，这时需要根据意思采用表示不同时间的动词形式来进行调整。 If she had taken the doctor’s advice, she might still be alive. If I were you, I would have accepted their terms. 三．含蓄条件句
虚拟语气语法总结
虚拟语气 在英语文法中有三种语气，即直述式语气(In dicative Mood)、祈使语气(Imperative Mood)和虚拟语气(Subjective Mood)，其中前两种我们早已熟悉了，这里则不多谈了，女口：How beautiful she is!则是直述式语气，而Hurry up! Do n't hurry up则是祈使语气。我们主要来看看虚拟语气的主要用法。虚拟语气主要是用来表达一种无法实现的愿望，一种与事实相反的情况，或者将不可能实现的，或可能性很小的事实，假想为事实予以表述。这样的动词结构称为虚拟语气。它主要有三种形式，即与现在事实相反的假设，与过去事实相反的假设，与将来事实相反的假设。它们具体结构如表8 —7。 虚拟语气的构成 虚拟语气其他习惯用法简表
1语法辨析 In correct: If I was a girl, I would marry you Correct: If I were a girl, I would marry you 表示与现在事实相反的虚拟语气时，if条件句中的be动词一律用were，这句话应译为我要是个女孩，我就嫁给你。实际上不可能是个女孩。 In correct: If I were you I will not worry Correct: If I were you I should n't worry 现在时的虚拟语气主句要用should或would加动词原形，这句话应译为我要是你的话，就没有必要烦恼。要注意这种语态用在这里实际上是想把要讲出的观点表达得婉转些，有礼貌些。 In correct: God forgives you! Correct: God forgive you! 这里的主语God是第三人称单数，之所以动词不加s是因为要表达一种祝愿，即人力所不能及的事情，实际上是forgive前有一助动词should, May 等, 但在口语中将其省略了。如：May you be happy祝你幸福。 In correct: If the weather was nice yesterday, we would have gone to the zoo Correct: If the weather had been nice yesterday we would have gone to the zoo
高中英语 第二册 语法总结 虚拟语气
新概念英语第二册语法总结：虚拟语气 虚拟语气分三种情况来掌握： 1、虚拟条件句。 2、名词性虚拟语气。 3、虚拟语气的其他用语。 一、虚拟条件句： 条件状语从句是非真实情况，在这种情况下要用虚拟语气。 1、条件从句与现在事实不一致，其句型为： If 主语＋过去时，主语＋should(could, would, 或might)＋动词原形，如： If I were you, I would study hard. If it rained, I would not be here now. 2、条件从句与过去事实不一致，句型为： If 主语＋had＋过去分词，主语＋should(could, would, 或might)＋have＋过去分词，如：If the doctor had come last night, the boy would have saved. If I had not studied hard, I would have failed in the exam last term. 3、条件从句与将来事实不一致，句型为： If 主语+should(were to, 过去时)＋do，主语＋should(could...)＋原形do，如： If it should rain tomorrow, we would stay at home. If I were to go to the moon one day, I could see it with my own eyes. If you missed the film to night, you would feel sorry. 注意问题： 1、If条件句中绝对不可出现"would"。 2、根据句中的时间状语，有时可能出现“混合虚拟”的情况，即主句可能是现在的情况，条件句也许是发生在过去的情况，但都是遵守上述句型。 3、在条件句中如果出现were, had, should可省去if，将主语与这些词倒装，例如： Had the doctor come last night, the boy would have saved. Were I to go to the moon one day, I would see it with my own eyes. Should it rain tomorrow, we would stay at home.
专四虚拟语气总结(打印)
专四语法（虚拟语气） 虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。 条件句可分为两类，一类为真实条件句，一类为非真实条件句。非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况，故采用虚拟语气。 eg. If he comes, he will bring his violin. 典型例题 The volleyball match will be put off if it ___. A.will rain B. rains C. rained D. is rained 答案B。真实条件句主句为将来时，从句用一般现在时。 注意： 1）在真实条件句中，主句不能用be going to表示将来，该用shall, will. (错) If you leave now, you are never going to regret it. (对) If you leave now, you will never regret it. 2）表示真理时，主句谓语动词便不用shall (will) +动词原形，而直接用一般现在时的动词形式。 从句中提出一种与客观现实不相符或根本不可能存在的条件，主句会产生的一种不可能获得的结果。条件句中的虚拟语气根据不同的时间有三种不同的形 ?If I had time, I would do it again. ?If I had known of your arrival, I should have met you at the station. ?If she had further considered the problem, she might have come to the correct conclusion. 真题举例：
虚拟语气用法总结讲课稿
虚拟语气用法总结
虚拟语气用法总结 朱世梅 新时代大学英语中针对虚拟语气的练习题较多,而学生们往往把握不好虚拟语气的正确使用,现将其用法总结如下: 一.虚拟语气在英语里主要用来表达： a. 非真实的情景，不可能发生的事，即某种与事实相反或难以实现的情况，或说话人主观愿望。 b. 与客观事实相反地情景，即强制性虚拟语气，表示建议、命令、劝告这一类的意思上，表示强烈的要求做到、必须做到这样的含义。 c. 虚拟语气的表达形式是通过动词的变化形式表达的，其特点是主从句时态的不一致，而且一般有明显得标志。 二.虚拟语气的考点为： 1.If 句型 (共有三种句型) 非真实条件句: a.与现在的事实相反：从句用一般过去时，主句的谓语用would (could, might) ＋动词原形 If I were Bill Gates, I would not work so hard every day. b.与过去的事实相反：从句用过去完成时，主句的谓语用would (could, might) ＋现在完成时 If I had gone to America when I graduated from middle school, I would have got my PhD degree. c.与将来的事实相反：从句用should (were to，did) + 动词原形，主句的谓语用would (could, might) ＋动词原形 If it should/were to snow tomorrow, I would go skiing.
注意：虚拟条件句的倒装虚拟条件句的从句部分如果含有were, should, 或had, 可将if省略，再把were, should或had 移到从句句首，实行倒装。 Eg: Should it rain, the crops would be saved. =Were it to rain, the crops would be saved. Eg:_____ to do the work, I should do it some other day. A. If were I B. I were C. Were I D. Was I 答案C. 在虚拟条件状语中如果有were, should, had这三个词，通常将if省略，主语提前, 变成 were, should, had +主语的形式。但在虚拟条件状语从句中，省略连词的倒装形式的句首不能用动词的缩略形式。如我们可说 Were I not to do., 而不能说 Weren't I to do. d.混合条件句主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间，这时主，从句谓语动词的虚拟语气形式因时间不同而不同，这叫做混合条件句。例如：条件句动作发生在过去，主句的动作发生在现在)谓语动词要根据表示的时间进行调整。 Eg: If it had rained last night (过去), it would be very cold today (现在). 2.Wish 句型表达“但愿…，要是…多好”的语气表示与事实相反的情况，或表示将来不太可能实现的愿望。其宾语从句的动词形式为： He wished he hadn't said that. 他希望他没讲那样的话。 I wish it would rain tomorrow. 我希望明天下雨就好了。 Wish to do表达法: Wish sb / sth to do I wish to see the manager. = I want to see the manager. I wish the manager to be informed at once. (= I want the manager to be informed at once.) 3.在强制性语气的宾语从句中的运用即表示建议、命令、劝告、决心等主观色彩的动词 + that + (should) + 动词原形，其中should 经常被省略。这类动词包括： suggest, propose, recommend, demand, order, command, desire, require, insist,
虚拟语气语法汇总
虚拟语气语法汇总
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虚拟语气 在英语文法中有三种语气，即直述式语气(Indicative Mood)、祈使语气(Imperative Mood)和虚拟语气(Subjective Mood)，其中前两种我们早已熟悉了，这里则不多谈了，如：How beautiful she is! 则是直述式语气，而Hurry up! Don't hurry up 则是祈使语气。我们主要来看看虚拟语气的主要用法。虚拟语气主要是用来表达一种无法实现的愿望，一种与事实相反的情况，或者将不可能实现的，或可能性很小的事实，假想为事实予以表述。这样的动词结构称为虚拟语气。它主要有三种形式，即与现在事实相反的假设，与过去事实相反的假设，与将来事实相反的假设。它们具体结构如表８－７。 虚拟语气的构成 种类条件句结构主句结构 与现在事实相反动词用过去式 be 动词用were Should/could＋动词原形 would/might＋动词原形 与过去事实相反的用had＋过去分词 Should/could＋have＋过去分词 would/might＋have＋过去分词 与将来事实相反动词用过去式 were to 加动词原形 should 加动词原形 should＋动词原形 would＋动词原形虚拟语气其他习惯用法简表 种 类 功用句型例句 虚拟语气表示主观 愿望 主句谓语宾语从句谓语动词I wish we could go to the seaside today. wish 现在过去式 过去 had+过 去分词 I wish I had gone to the basketball match. 将来 should+ 动词原 形 would+ 动词原 形 could+动 词原形 might+动 词原形 I wished I could fly to the moon. I wish you would stay here a little longer. would rather 现在过去式 I would rather you came to my party tomorrow. 表示虚拟状语从句从句动She looked after the orphan as if he
英语虚拟语气总结(一)
英语虚拟语气总结（一） 一、概说 英语有三种语气，即陈述语气、祈使语气和虚拟语气。陈述语气用于陈述事实、提出看法或问题等，祈使语气用于表示请求、命令或警告等，虚拟语气则表示假想或主观愿望：He is honest. 他很诚实。(陈述语气) Don’t be late next time. 下次别迟到。(祈使语气) If I were you I wouldn’t go. 我要是你，我就不会去。(虚拟语气) I wish I had a lot of money. 要是我有很多钱就好了。(虚拟语气) 二、带虚拟条件的虚拟语气 1.真实条件句和非真实条件句 条件句有真实条件句和非真实(虚拟)条件句两种。真实条件句所表示的假设是有可能发生的，而非真实条件句则通常表示一种假想，与事实相反或不大可能会发生：If I have time, I will go with them. 假若我有时间，我就同他们去。(陈述语气) If I were you, I would go with them. 假若我是你，我就同他们去。(虚拟语气) 2.虚拟条件句的三种基本类型 (1)若与现在事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式(be通常用were)，主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”： If you took a taxi，you’d get there quicker. 如果你坐出租车去，你可以快一点到那里。(但你不坐) If I knew her number I could ring her up. 要是我知道她的电话号码，我就可以给她打电话了。(可惜我不知道) (2)若与过去事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去完成时(had+过去分词)，主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+have+过去分词”： If I’d left sooner，I’d have been on time. 要是我早点动身，我就准时到了。(但我动身太迟了) If we had found him earlier we could have saved his life. 要是我们当时早点找到他的话，我们就可以救活他。(可惜我们找到他太晚了) (3)若与将来事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式(be通常用were)，主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”： If he went，would you go too? 如果他去，你也去吗?(大概他不会去) If I asked him，I’m sure he’d help us. 如果我向他提出要求，肯定他会帮助我们。(不过我不打算这样做) 注：① 主句谓语中的should主要用于第一人称后。would, might, could的大致区别是：would表示结果，might表示可能性，could表示能力、允许或可能性。比较：If you tried again you would succeed. 要是你再试一试，你就会成功的。(would 表结果) If you tried again you might succeed. 要是你再试一试，你可能会成功的。(might
(完整)虚拟语气用法归纳,推荐文档
虚拟语气用法归纳 虚拟语气主要指的的是带有非真实条件状语从句的复合句，表达的是说话人的遗憾后悔的语气，愿望以及建议，命令，要求等等的情感，往往说的是与事实相反或者没办法实现改变的东西。虚拟语气主要表现为在对过去现在或者将来的情况做出假设后，有可能出现的情况。 虚拟语气的内容主要有三大模块，第一模块就是涉及到条件从句部分的内容。这一部分的虚拟语气主要体现在三个方面：基本用法，各自为政，以及含蓄之美。 下表就是条件从句虚拟语气的基本用法： 通常，在上面表格里反映的是非真实条件句的虚拟语气模式，从句和主句的谓语动词时间是一致的，如果两者时间不一致，此时就是混合型虚拟语气。混合型虚拟语气的使用要求“各自为政”，即从句和主句根据各自假设的时间不同，采用上面表格中对应的的谓语动词形式。 如何“各自为政”呢？这就像是数学里的排列组合，一边有三种情况，交叉一搭配就出现了好多种情况。不管怎样，我们要遵循一个原则，就是“各自为政”。例如，从句是对过去情况的假设，而主句则是对现在情况的假设，那我们在使用时，从句就用过去完成式，而主句要用would/could do的形式。当然，也不是所有的AB配就是合理的，有时候在具体语境下，会出现矛盾的情况，这时我们就要结合要表达的意思来判断他们是对什么情况的假设，选择合适的形式。一般而言，主句的假设时间会发生在从句的假设时间之后。因为是有这么一个条件才会出现主句的现状。因此在此类的完成句子练习中，我们要特别提醒注意时间状语的暗示 1. If I had seen you, I would not be so worried now. (从句是对过去的假设，主句是对现在的假设) 2. If you had not watched television so late last night, you would not be so sleepy now.( 从句是对过去的假设，主句是对现在的假设) 3. If I were you, I would seize the chance to go abroad. (从句和主句都是现在的假设) 4. Had you followed the doctor’s suggestion, you would be fine now.( 从句是对过去的假设，主句是对现在的假设) 5. If I had made some money last summer, I would go on holiday next month.( 从句是对过去的假设，主句是对将来的假设) 6. You didn’t let me drive. If we had driven in turns, you wouldn’t be so tired now. (从句是对过去的假设，主句是对现在的假设) 7. If Jack hadn’t met Rose on his voyage, he would be alive now. (从句是对过去的假设，主句是对现在的假设) 8. If Lily didn’t attend today’s party, she could not have the chance to work in the company next week. (从句是对现在的假设，主句是对将来的假设) 9. Had Father followed my travel plan , our family would not stay at home now. (从句是对
高中英语虚拟语气总结
虚拟条件句 Q: What’s the difference between the two sentences If I am free, I will visit you. (______条件句) If I were a bird, I would fly into the sky. (______条件句) a. 真实条件句表示条件是真的或有可能实现的, 采用陈述语气。 真实条件句用于陈述语气,假设的情况可能发生,其中if是“如果”的意思 条件从句主句 一般现在时 will \shall+动词原形 . What will you do if it rains tomorrow I will stay at home if it rains tomorrow. The football match _______ put off if it______(rain). b. 虚拟条件句表示条件是无法实现或几乎无法实现的, 采用虚拟语气。 I. 虚拟语气 虚拟语气就是表示与真实情况相反的一种假设、愿望或推测。 Subjunctive mood is the verb form used to express a wish; a suggestion; a command or a condition that is contrary to a fact. If I ________(be ) the girl, I________________(want )a big hug. If I ______(meet ) Obama, I________________ (shake) hands with him. 1.同现在事实相反的假设 条件从句主句 过去式(were) should/would/mould/might/+ do If I had a lot of money, I would donate some to the people in need. 2.与过去事实相反的假设 条件从句主句 had done would/should/could/might + have done . If he had driven more carefully, he would not have had the car accident in May,
虚拟语气知识点总结讲解
虚拟语气 定义：表示说话人所说的不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。 应用： 错综时间条件句： A.非真实性条件句：if省略句：把were，had，should提到句首，变为倒装句式。 （Attention：否定形式） 含蓄条件句：表示隐含条件，结构与if同。 （without, but for, or/otherwise） a. wish后接宾语从句，表示不可能实现的愿望。 宾语从句 b. 用于表示建议、命令、要求等动词后宾语从句。B.名词性从句： c. would rather 主语从句：It is/was+形容词/过去分词+ that从句。 表语从句&同位语从句：在suggestion, proposal, order, plan, idea, request, advice等名词后的表语从句和同位语 从句中要用虚拟语气， C.as if/as though引导的从句：常与seem/look/appear等动词连用，表示“看起来似乎……”； 以及if only表示“要是……该多好呀”。（结构同wish） D.定语从句和状语从句：定语从句：It is (high) time (that)…句型中。 目的状语从句：in case, for fear that, in order that, so that等引导目的状语从句。
考点一 虚拟语气在非真实性条件句的运用 要点归纳： 真实条件句：假设的情况是有可能发生，谓语要用陈述语气。 条件句 非真实条件句，即虚拟条件句。假设的情况是过去或现在都不存在的， 或将来不大可能发生。 e. g. If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will go to the park. If he had seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it. 虚拟语气结构列表如下： e.g. If he were here, everything would be all right. 从句（条件句） 主句（结果句） 与现在事实相反的假设 If +主语+动词过去式（were ） 主语+ should/would/could/might +动词原形 与过去事实相反的假设 If +主语+ had +过去分词 主语+ should/would/could/might + have +过去分词 与将来事实相反的假设 1. If +主语+动词过去式 2. If +主语+ were to +动词原形 3. If +主语+ should +动词原形 主语+ should/would/could/might +动词原形
英语虚拟语气用法总结
英语虚拟语气用法总结 1、表示与现在事实相反的情况： 从句：主语+过去时 主句：主语+should/would/could/might+do eg： 1.If I were you,I would take an umbrella. 如果我是你,我会带把伞.(事实：我不可能是你) 2.If I knew his telephone number,I would tell you. 如果我知道他的电话号码,我就会告诉你.(事实：不知道) 2、表示与过去事实相反的情况 从句：主语+had+done 主句：主语+should/would/could/might+have done eg： 1. If I had got there earlier,I should/could have met her.如果我早到那儿,我就会见到她. (事实：去晚了) 2.If he had taken my advice,he would not have made such a mistake.如果他听我的劝告的话,就不会犯这样的错误了.(事实：没有听我的话) 3、表示对将来情况的主观推测 从句：主句 ①if+主语+were to do ：①主语+should/would/could/might+do ②if+主语+did/were ②主语+should/would/could/might+do ③if+主语+should+do ③主语+should/would/could/might+do eg： 1.If he should come here tomorrow,I would talk to him.
虚拟语气总结
虚拟语气总结-非真实条件句 一、非真实条件句： 1、一般形式： 2、其它虚拟： (1)混合虚拟If she had followed the doctor’s advice, she would be quite all right now. (2)含蓄虚拟But for (without) your help, I would not have succeeded anyway. 二、表示感情色彩的虚拟语气： 三、虚拟语气用于其他从句： 1、主语从句： It is/was +adj+ that (should) do…. [adj: necessary, essential, impossible, natural, unthinkable, strange, surprise, etc] 固定化：It is strange/surprising….”竟然…..” It is/was a/an +noun+ that (should) do… [noun: a rule, a shame, an honour, a surprise, no wonder, etc.] It is/was +suggested+ that (should) do… [还有：required, requested, ordered, proposed, decided, etc]
2、宾语从句： I wish … had done（过去）/were（现在）/could do（将来）…. I would rather …did（现在）/had done（过去）… I would rather you kept silent （would rather后不加that） …一些情感类动词 + that + ……(should) do… [如：decide, insist, demand, desire, require, request, propose, suggest, command, order] [上述这些动词在表示“建议、命令、要求、坚决做”之外的意思时，不用虚拟语气] 3、表语从句： 特殊主语 + is + that +……(should) + do…… [特殊主语有：suggestion, advice, desire, command, decision, request, order, demand, requirement, proposal, insistence] It seems as if (as though) + …were （现在）/had done （过去）…… [此类系动词还有：look, taste, smell, sound, etc.] [并非所有as if与as though引导的表语从句都是虚拟语气，看可能性] 4、同位语从句：还是那些“决定、主张、要求、建议、命令”的词后 5、定语从句： It is time (that) ……did/should do…… 6、状语从句： ……as if (as though) ……did（现在）/had done（过去）…… ……in order that … should do…. [其它目的状语从句，so that, for fear that, in case, etc] [should也可是may, might, can, could, would) 7、无主句虚拟（口语）： What if ……“要是……怎么办？”If only……“要是……就好了” If you would ….”如果你愿意……”
虚拟语气考点总结
虚拟语气常用的考点解析 特殊词精讲 stop doing/to do stop to do停止，中断做某事后去做另一件事。 stop doing停止做某事。 They stop to smoke a cigarette.他们停下来，抽了根烟。 I must stop smoking. 我必须戒烟了。 典型例题 She reached the top of the hill and stopped ___on a big rock by the side of the path. A. to have rested B. resting C. to rest D. rest 答案：C。由题意可知，她到了山顶，停下来在一个路边的大石头上休息。因此，应选择"stop to do sth. 停下来去做另一件事"。而不仅仅是爬山动作的终止，所以stop doing sth.不正确。stop doing/to do forget doing/to do forget to do忘记要去做某事。(未做) forget doing忘记做过某事。(已做) The light in the office is stil on. He forgot to turn it off. 办公室的灯还在亮着，它忘记关了。(没有做关灯的动作) He forgot turning the light off. 他忘记他已经关了灯了。( 已做过关灯的动作) Don't forget to come tomorrow. 别忘了明天来。(to come动作未做) 典型例题 ---- The light in the office is still on. ---- Oh, I forgot___. A. turning it off B. turn it off C. to turn it off D. having turned it off 答案：C。由the light is still on 可知灯亮着，即关灯的动作没有发生，因此用forget to do sth. 而forget doing sth表示灯已经关上了，而自己忘记了这一事实。此处不符合题意。 remember doing/to do remember to do 记得去做某事(未做) remember doing记得做过某事(已做) Remember to go to the post office after school. 记着放学后去趟邮局。 Don't you remember seeing the man before? 你不记得以前见过那个人吗? regret doing/to do regret to do对要做的事遗憾。(未做) regret doing对做过的事遗憾、后悔。(已做) I regret to have to do this, but I have no choice. 我很遗憾必须这样去做，我实在没有办法。 I don't regret telling her what I thought.我不为告诉她我的想法而后悔。 典型例题
虚拟语气语法归纳
虚拟语气语法归纳 虚拟语气的使用主要体现在三个方面：虚拟条件句、虚拟语气在某些从句中的运用，以及虚拟语气的一些特殊用法。虚拟条件句虚拟条件句就是对现实条件的一种虚拟假设，所假设的条件一般不符合事实或与事实相反或在现实中发生的可能性 极小。根据时间的不同，虚拟条件句可分为三种，即与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句、与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句及与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句。具体情况请看下表： 例句： 1. 表示与现在事实相反 If I had enough money now I would lend it to you. If I were you I would go to tell him the real feeling upon him. If I were a boy, I would join the army. If the had time, she should go with you. 2. 表示与过去事实相反 If he had taken your advice he wouldn't have made such a bad mistake. She would have come to enjoy the party if she hadn't been very busy. If he had taken my advice, he would have succeeded in the competition. 3. 表示与将来事实相反 I would go shopping with you if it were to be Sunday tomorrow. If he were to be given another chance to do it again he could certainly achieve more. If it were to rain tomorrow, the football match would be put off. 1. 虚拟条件句的倒装