东盟国家概况

一.东南亚简要概况

1.In Southeast Asia, the largest, also the most populous country is Indonesia, with an area of 1,904,443 square kilometers and a population of 215,000,000.

在东南亚,最大的城市,也是世界上人口最多的国家是印尼,总面积1904443平方公里,人口215000000。

2. The country with the smallest area (only 707 square kilometers) is Singapore, and it has a population of 4,839,000.

这个国家以最小的区域(只有707平方公里)是新加坡,它有4839000人口。

3. Brunei is the least populous country in Southeast Asia, and it has only 379,000 people.

文莱是最稠密的国家在东南亚,它只有379000人。

4.The Mekong River, with a total length of 4,400 kilometers, is not only the biggest river in Southeast Asia but also one of the most important international rivers in the world.

湄公河,总里程达4400公里,不仅是东南亚最大的河流,但之一,也是最重要的国际河流,在世界上。

5.Vietnam and Laos adopted the People’s Congress System and communist leadership。越南和老挝采用人民代表大会制度、共产党的领导。

6.The world’s three major barns: Siam (Thailand), Yangon (Myanmar), Saigon (Vietnam), the largest rice producing areas.

世界三大谷仓:暹罗(就是泰国)、仰光(缅甸),西贡(越南),大米产地。

https://www.360docs.net/doc/913224816.html,os is the only county without coastline in Southeast Asia 。

老挝是唯一没有海岸线县等东南亚国家和地区

8.Indonesia is the largest petroleum producing country in Southeast Asia and the largest natural gas export country。

印尼是世界上最大的石油生产国家在东南亚及最大的天然气出口国.

9.Brunei, with the most petroleum and natural gas per capita, has been another rich nation in Southeast Asia through exporting petroleum and natural gas.

文莱,以最大石油和天然气的人均收入,在东南亚通过出口石油和天然气成为另一个富有的国家.

10.Myanmar, Laos, Thailand and Cambodia，the four countries in Southeast Asia believe in Buddhism.

缅甸、老挝、泰国、柬埔寨这四个国家在东南亚信奉佛教.

11.Geographical Features：To sum up, Southeast Asia’s geography has two outstanding characteristics: “heat” and “sea”.

地理特征：综上所述,东南亚地区的地理有两个显著特点:“热”和“海洋”。

12.Political Systems（政治系统）：

(1)Countries of the People’s Congress System: Vietnam and Laos

人民代表大会制度:越南和老挝

(2)Country of Parliamentary Republic System: Singapore

议会共和国制度的国家:新加坡

(3)Countries of Presidential Cabinet System: Indonesia and the Philippines

总统内阁系统:印度尼西亚和菲律宾

(4)Countries of Monarchy System: Thailand, Cambodia, Malaysia (the constitutional monarchy) and Brunei (absolute monarchy system)

国家的君主制系统:泰国、柬埔寨、马来西亚(君主立宪制)和文莱(绝对的君权系统)

(5)Countries of Military Junta: Myanmar

军政府国家缅甸

13.The Four Levels of Economic Development四个层次的经济发展：

(1)Developed country Singapore and rich oil country Brunei

发达国家新加坡和富油国家文莱

Singapore has become the nation with the highest per capita income in Southeast Asia. 新加坡已经成为国家最高的人均收入在东南亚。

Brunei, with the most petroleum and natural gas per capita, has been another rich nation in Southeast Asia through exporting petroleum and natural gas.

文莱,以最大石油和天然气的人均收入,在东南亚通过出口石油和天然气成为另一个富有的国家。

(2)Malaysia, Thailand, the Philippines and Indonesia: rising industrial countries 马来西亚、泰国、菲律宾和印尼:上升的工业化国家

(3) Vietnam under reforming and developing越南，改革和发展的必然趋势。

(4) Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar and East Timor moving in their own conventional ways 柬埔寨,老挝,缅甸和东帝汶移动在各自的常规方法

They are the four with the lowest economic development levels in Southeast Asia.他们是四个最低经济发展水平等东南亚国家和地区。

14.Southeast Asian countries have multiplex cultures, and they can be classified into Buddhism, Islam, Catholicism and Eastern Confucianism.

东南亚国家的文化多元化,他们可以分为佛教、伊斯兰教、天主教和东方儒家思想。Myanmar, Laos, Thailand and Cambodia--Buddhism缅甸、老挝、泰国、柬埔寨--佛教Indonesia, Malaysia and Brunei---Islam印尼、马来西亚、汶莱--伊斯兰教

The Philippines and East Timor---Catholicism菲律宾和东帝汶—天主教

Singapore and Vietnam---Eastern Confucianism新加坡、越南--东方儒学

二.文莱

1. The Official Name of Brunei is Negara Brunei Darussalam.

文莱的官方名称是Negara文莱。

2.The Brunei flag has four colors—a yellow backdrop，with two wide strips of white and black cutting across from the top left corner to the bottom right，and imposed by the state crest in red right in the middle of the standard.

文莱的国旗上有四个颜色--黄色的背景下,有两条宽的白色和黑色，从左上角到下右图切穿,并由国家强加在红色嵴的标准的正中央。

yellow backdrop---the Sultan of Brunei文莱苏丹王

two wide strips of white and black---Brunei’s chief ministers 文莱的

首席部长

3.The flag 国旗

The royal umbrella---the royal regalia皇家伞- - -彰显皇家

The Wing of Four Feathers---justice, tranquility, prosperity, peace 四个羽毛的翅膀——-正义、宁静、繁荣、和平

The upturned hands---the benevolence of the government, the government’s pledge 那朝上弯曲的手———爱心的政府、政府的承诺

The crescent---the sign of Islam 一弯新月的标志--伊斯兰教

The national slogan--- “Always in service with God’s guidance”

国家的口号--总是在服务与上帝的指引

The scroll---the City of Peace这书卷的城市--和平

4.Brunei Darussalam is situated on the northern Borneo and the western Pacific Ocean,between 114.0 and 11

5.23 east longitude，and 4.0 and 5.5 north latitude。

文莱达鲁萨兰国坐落在北婆罗洲与西太平洋,在东经114.0和115.23之间,北纬

4.0和

5.5之间。

5.The climate of Brunei is tropical in general.brunei does not have clearly distinguishable wet and dry seasons，hot，humid，and rainy all year round。

文莱的气候一般是热带。文莱没有清楚可辨干湿季节, 一年到头炎热、潮湿多雨。6.The dominant natural resources of brunei are oil and natural gas。Brunei

is also rich in forest resources ，tropical crops。文莱的主导自然资源

是石油和天然气.文莱拥有丰富的森林资源,热带作物。

7.Brunei was called borneo in ancient china。The Sultanate of Oman kingdom was established as Islamic kingdom 。It was introduced in the 5th century ，and came to its golden age in the early 16th century。文莱在古代中国被

称为婆罗洲马斯喀特出发王国,5th世纪建立伊斯兰国,16th世纪初达到它的鼎

盛时期。

8.Brunei has its own unique political system which rests on the twin pillars of the country，s written constitution and the tradition of Malay Islamic ,Monarchy。文莱有自己独特的政治体制的双重支柱,依靠国家的成文宪

法和传统的马来伊斯兰教君主制。

9.Brunei is divided into four districts namely Brunei-Muara,Tutong，Belait and Temburong，which have three levels，e.g.district，town，village。The head of the district and town are appointed by the government，but the head of the village is voted by the villagers themselves。

文莱分为四个地区即文莱摩拉,都东,马来奕区和淡布伦,具有三个层面,地区、城镇、村庄.区、镇的头是由政府委任,但是头部的村庄是由村民们自己投票选出的。

三柬埔寨

1.The kingdom of cambodia is a country in the south of the Indo-China Reninsula ，Southeast Asia with a population of over 14，400,000 people。The kingdom，s capital and largest city is Phnom Penh。柬埔寨王国是东南亚Reninsula越南南部的一个国家，有14400000多万人口，王国的首都和最大城市是金边。

2.Cambodia is bordered to the west and northwest by Thailand ,to the northeast by Laos,to the east and southeast by Vietnam，and to the southwest by the gulf of Thailand。柬埔寨濒临泰国西、西北、老挝的东北、越南东部和东南部,泰国湾的西南。

3.Except for the smaller rivers in the southeast，most of the major rivers and river system in Cambodia drain into the Mekong River，or into the Tonle Sab River。除了东南的小河流,柬埔寨的大部分河流和河流系统流进湄公河,或者Tonle审计局河。

4.Angkor was declared a UNESCO World Heritage site in 1992--the same year it was also placed on the List of World Heritage in Danger 。1992年吴哥被宣布为联合国教科文组织世界遗产-同样的时间放在<世界遗产名录危险>中

5.The Prime Minister of Cambodia is a representative from the ruling party of the National Assembly。He or she is appointed by the King on the recommendation of President and Vice Presidents of the National Assembly. 柬埔寨首相是一个具有代表性的国家执政党，他或她是在总统和副总统的国民大会上由国王推荐任命的。

6.The Prime Minister is officially the head of Government in Cambodia。首相在柬埔寨政府是正式首脑。

7.The legislative branch of the Cambodia government is made up of a bicameral parliament: the Senate and the National Assembly of Cambodia.柬埔寨政府的立法部门是由议院的国会参议院和全国会员代表大会组成的。

8.The three most important political in Cambodia are the Cambodian，s People Party（CPP），the Funcinpec ，and the Sam Rainsy Party 。在柬埔寨,三个最重要的政治是柬埔寨人民党，奉辛比克党，森朗西党。

9.Cambodia is a constitutional monarchy。柬埔寨是一个君主立宪制国家。

10.Religion:

Buddism---95%

The remainder: Islam, Christianity, Animism(万物有灵论), Hinduism(印度教)

11.Customs:

Greetings---a bow combined with a bringing of the hands together at chest level

Gift giving---wrapped in colorful paper, using both hands, not opened when received

Dining etiquette---sit and eat first (the oldest person)

四，印度尼西亚

1.The national flag of Indonesia is divided into two equal horizontal bands of red（top）and white。印尼的国旗分为两个相等的横向的红(top)和

白色. Red – bravery, justice，White – freedom, fairness and chastity

（纯洁）

2.The Coat of Arms of Indonesia is called Garuda Pancasila(潘查希拉 )

3.Indonesia is an archipelago in Southeast Asia consisting of 17,508 islands (6,000 inhabited) and straddlling the equator（赤道）。

4.the country has extensive Natural resources，including crude oil（原油），petroleum, tin（锡）, natural gas, nickel(镍), timber（木材）, bauxite(矾土), copper（铜）, fertile soils, coal（煤）, gold, silver .

5.With a territory of 1,904,443 sq km，Indonesia is the world’s 16th largest country in terms of land area。面积为1904443平方公里,从土地

面积来看，印度尼西亚是世界上人口16th大的一个国家。

6.Indonesia is a republic with a presidential system.As a unitary state，power is concentrated in the national government。印尼是一个共和国以总

统制度。作为一个国家统一、权力集中在国家政府。

7.Indonesia maintains close relationships with is neighbors in Asia，

and is a founding member of ASEAN （东盟）and the East Asia Summit（东

亚峰会）. The nation restored relations with the People’s Republic of China in 1990.

8.The services sector of Indonesia is the economy，s largest and account

for 45.3% of GDP（2005），which is followed by industry: 40.7% and agriculture: 14.0%。

9.There are around 300 distinct native ethnicities and 742 different languages and dialects. 约有300当地种族不同以及742种不同的语言和方言。10.Indonesia cuisine varies by region and is based on Chinese ，European，Middle Eastern and Indian precedents。印尼菜是根据地区变化的，基于中国、

欧洲、中东和印度的先例。

五，老挝

1.The Laos national flag consist of three colours，and its blue color symbolizes prosperity ，the red for revolution（革命），and the white circle

for full moon。

2.Luang Prabang (琅勃拉邦 )---a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1998, the other is the Wat Phou (瓦普寺)

3.In December 1975, the monarchy was abolished and the Lao People’s Democratic Republic was proclaimed.1975年12月,老挝废除了君主制，人民

民主共和国宣告成立。

4.When being a guest in Laos people，pay attention not to pointing your feet to anyone。

5.In Laos，the highest mountain is Phou Bia，and the longest river is Mekong River。

Laos consistently carries out an independent and neutral foreign policy of peace，and Laos has established diplomatic relations with 122 countries by the end of 2006.老挝坚持独立自主的和中性的和平外交政策,到2006年底已与122个国家建立了外交关系。

六，缅甸

1.Buddhism is not only religious belief Burmese，but also the fountainhead of moral education。缅甸佛教不仅是宗教信仰,也是道德教育的源头。

2.Myanmar has a total of 676,581 sq km .Nay Pyi Taw（内比都）is the capital of Myanmar。

3.There are no surname in Myanmar people’s names.However，an appellation should be put before a firstname to distinguish genders, ages and social positions.没有姓在缅甸人的名字。然而,一个等级,应该放在面前一个名区分性别、年龄、社会地位。

4.When one enters a pagoda or a temple, he must take off shoes, the head of state being no exception .

5.The president，the current head of Myanmar is senior General Than Shwe。The current prime minister is General Thein Sein。

6.Agriculture,which includes crop production, livestock, fishery, and forestry，is the mainstay of the Myanmar economy。农业,包括作物生产,畜牧业、渔业、林业、是缅甸经济的中流砥柱。

7.At the center of the National Emblem of Myanmar is a pinion with fourteen equal-sized cogs on which the map of Myanmar is superimposed。位于中心的国徽是一个齿轮和14个相同尺寸液晶地图叠加起来的。

8.On May 3, 2008, Cyclone Nargis hit the densely populated cities in Irrawaddy delta such as Yangon.2008年5月3日,纳尔吉斯强热带风暴袭击在伊洛瓦底江三角洲人口密集的大城市如仰光。

9.Myanmar has adopted the market-oriented economic system Since 1988。自1988年以来，缅甸采取了市场经济体制。

10.Myanmar became independent from United Kingdom on January 4,1948，as“ the Union of Burma”。（“缅甸联邦”）

七，菲律宾

1.The national flag is displayed with the blue field on top in time of peace，and with the red on top in time of war。。国旗是显示为蓝矿和平时

期的顶部,并在时间上的红色战争

2.The Philippine，which is located in Southeast Asia，constitutes an archipelago of 7,107 islands。

3.The islands are commonly divided into three island groups：Luzon（吕宋岛），Visayas，Mindanao。

4.It is also the biggest copper producer in Southeast Asia and among the top ten producer of gold in the world。它也是东南亚最大的铜生产商，世界上其中最好的十大黄金生产国。

5.The Banaue Rice Terraces are part of the Rice Terraces of the Philippine Cordilleras, ancient sprawling man-made structures from 2,000 to 6,000 years old, which is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.Banaue水稻梯田的一部分的水稻梯田菲律宾辅导员,古代的偏远地区的人造结构从2000年到6000年的历史,它是联合国教科文组织世界遗产。

6.Maria Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo（马卡帕加尔阿罗约）is the fourteenth and current president of the Philippines. Arroyo （阿罗约）is the country’s second female president.

7.Philippine culture is a fusion of pre-Hispanic Austronesian civilizations mixed with Hispanic, and American. It has also been influenced by Chinese, Arab, and Indian cultures.菲律宾文化融合的文明古拉丁美洲南岛语系混合西班牙的、美国的。它也一直受到汉语、阿拉伯、印度文化的影响。

8.People shake hands when meeting friends and guests.

9.Their left hands are thought to be dirty, and people do not use left hands to pass on things or food。

10.Mayon Volcano （马荣火山）is the most active volcano in the Philippines。

八，新加坡

1.The three remaining sovereign city-states:Singapore，Monaco（摩纳哥）, Vatican City（梵蒂冈），and the largest of them is Singapore。三个城市国家。

2.During World War II ，the Japan invaded Malaya，culminating in the Battle of Singapore。在二战期间，日本在新加坡之战侵略马来亚。

3. Singapore is a parliamentary democracy with a Westminster of unicameral parliamentary government representing different constituencies新加坡是一个议会民主与议会共同拥有立法权,威斯敏斯特的政府代表了不同的选民的支持。

4.Singapore has a successful and transparent market economy。Government-linked companies are dominant in various sectors of the local economy，such as media，utilities，and public transport。新加坡有一个成功的、透明的市场经济.Government-linked公司优势各行业的地方经济,例如媒体、公用事业、公共交通工具。

5.Singapore has a highly developed market-based economy，which has historically revolved around extended entrepot trade。新加坡有高度发达的市场经济,这就历史上围绕扩展转口贸易。

6. Along with China，s Hongkong，the Republic of Korea，and China，s Taiwan，Singapore is one of the Four Asia Tigers。

7.The Singapore official languages are English ，Malay，Chinese（Mandarin 国语），Tamil（泰米尔语）。The national language of Singapore is Malay for historical reasons。

8.Most Singapore Chinese are ，however，descended from immigrants who came from the southern regions of China where other dialects were spoken，such as Hokkien，Teochew，and Cantonese。大多数新加坡华人,然而,分明是从移民来自南部地区的方言所说的地方,例如福建,潮汕和广东话。

9.The custom in Singapore is generally not to adapt to handshakes as greetings, but other forms such as bowing鞠躬, sallaming, saluting, etc.

九，泰国

1.The flag of the Kingdom of Thailand shows five horizontal stripes in the colours red，white，blue，white and red。The three colours red-white-blue stand for nation-religion--king，an unofficial motto of Thailand。泰国的旗帜五横条纹显示颜色红、白、蓝、白三种颜色. ..一个非官方的格言泰国。

2.National emblem---the Garuda, a figure from both Buddhist and Hindu mythology, a symbol of the royal family and authority.揭路荼国徽- 一个身影,来自佛教和印度教神话,象征着皇室家庭,权威。

3.The local climate of Thailand is tropical and characterized by monsoons。泰国当地的气候特征是热带季风。

4.Bangkok is not the capital, but also the national treasure house, spiritual, political, cultural, educational, commercial and diplomatic centre.曼谷不仅是首都,也是全国宝库,精神、政治、文化、教育、商业、外交中心。

5.The Grand Palace is a complex of buildings in Bangkok,Thailand。 It has served as the official residence of the Kings of Thailand from the 18th century onwards。这个宏伟的宫殿是一个复杂的建筑物在曼谷,泰国。它已经担任了官邸的君王从18th泰国世纪以来。

6.The Wat Phra Kaew(玉佛寺) ，is regarded as the most sacred Buddhist temple（（wat）in Thailand,It is located in the historic center of Bangkok, within the grounds of the Grand Palace.(玉佛寺),被认为是最神圣的佛寺(瓦特)在泰国,厂址位于曼谷的历史中心内,这个宏伟的宫殿的基础上。

7.According to the constitution，the three major independent authorities holding the balance of power are executive, legislative, and judicial.

根据宪法,三个主要的独立的政府控股的力量平衡是行政、立法、及司法。

8.In Thailand，94.7% of the total population is Buddhists，Muslims，are the second largest religious group。在泰国,占总人口的94.7%是佛教徒,穆斯林,是第二个最大的宗教组织。

十，马来西亚

1.Malaysia is a multi-ethnic, multi-cultural and multilingual society。The Population as of February 2007 was 26,600,000，consisting of 62% bumiputeras （including Maylays），24% Chinese，8% Indian ，with other minorities and indigenous peoples。马来西亚是一个多民族、多元文化的、多元化的社会人口为26600000 2007年2月,由62% bumiputeras(包括Maylays),24%的中国人,8%印度与其他少数民族和原住民。

2.Malaysia Day is only celebrated in the state of Sabah on September 16 to commemorate the formation in 196

3.

3.Over time，Malaya became the world，s largest major producer of tin ，rubber and palm oil 。These three commodities，along with other raw materials，firmly set Malaysia，s economic tempo well into the mid-20th century。随着时间的推移,马来亚成为世界上的最大的主要生产地锡、橡胶与棕榈油的三个以上的商品,连同其他原料,牢牢套马来西亚、年代进入mid-20th经济节奏的世纪。

4.Malaysia is a federation that consists of thirteen states and three federal territories in Southeast Asia with a total landmass of 329.750 sq km。The country is separated into two the regions--Peninsular Malaysia and Malaysian Borneo--by the South China Sea。

5.The most celebrated holiday is the “Hari Kebangsaan”（Independence Day）on August31 commemorating the independengce of the Federation of Malaya in 1957.最著名的节日是“哈里告诉”(独立日)在August31纪念independengce 马来亚联合会的1957年。

6.Malaysia is a a multi-religious society and Islam is the official religion。马来西亚是一个multi-religious社会和伊斯兰教是国教。

7.Malaysia，s predominant political party，the United Malays National Organization has held power in coalition with other parties continuously since idependence in 1957.马来西亚、年代主要的政党,美国国家组织举办马来人权力与其他政党联盟自1957年idependence不断。