建筑英语权威翻译(武汉理工版)

建筑英语权威翻译(武汉理工版)
建筑英语权威翻译(武汉理工版)

第一课 4

Based on information supplied by the other specialists, construction management civil engineers estimate quantities and costs of materials and labor, schedule all work, order materials and equipment for the job, hire contractors and subcontractors, and perform other supervisory work to ensure the project is completed on time and as specified

根据其他专家所提供的信息,施工管理专家计算材料和人工的数量和花费,所有工作的进度表,订购工作所需要的材料和设备,雇佣承包商和分包商,还要做些额外的监督工作以确保工程能按时按质完成。

第一课12

They coordinate the activities of virtually everyone engaged in the work:the surveyors;workers who lay out and construct the temporary roads and ramps,excavate[`eksk?9veit] for the foundation,build the forms and pour the concrete;and workers who build the steel framework.

他们协调工程中每个人的活动:测量员,布置和建造临时道路和斜坡,开挖基础,支模板和浇注混凝土的工人,以及钢筋工人。这些工程师也向结构的业主提供进度计划报告。

第二课6

The precise activities to be housed in any specific building--ranging from an assembly line in a factory to a living room in a home--should dictate the size and shape of the several areas within.

确切的活动,被安置在任何特定的建筑–广泛到从工厂的一条装配流水线到一个家庭的起居室---应该规定几个内部区域的大小和形状。

第二课13

Through the related architectural forms shaped by their purpose,governed by the materials,proportioned and given scale and character by the designer,buildings become expressions of the ideals and aspirations of the generations that built them

经过建筑学目的的成型,再受材料、比例和设计者给定的比例尺和特征支配,建筑物成为建造它们的时代的理想的表达和热望。历史性建筑学的连续性式样是他们的时代精神的化身。第三课11.

All buildings are supported on the ground, and therefore the nature of the soil becomes an extremely important consideration in the design of any building.

The design of a foundation depends on many soil factors, such as type of soil, soil stratification, thickness of soil layers and their compaction, and groundwater conditions

所有的建筑物都支撑在地面上,因此,土体的性质成为任何建筑设计中极端重要的考虑因素。基础的设计依赖于许多土体的要素,如土的类型,土壤的层理,土层的厚度和它的压缩性,以及地下水的状态。

第三课13

Where the soil is softer,it is necessary to spread the column load over a greater area; in this case,a continuous slab of concrete (raft or mat) under the whole building is used

土较软的地方,有必要将柱荷载传递到一个较大的面积上,在这种情况下,则在整个建筑物底下采用连续的混凝土板(筏或席)

第四课7

The maximum efficiency of the total structure of a tall building,for both strength and stiffness,to resist wind load can be achieved only if all column elements can be connected to each other in such a way that the entire building acts as a hollow tube or rigid box in projecting out of the ground

抵抗风荷载的实现只有当建筑物突出地面的所有的柱构件能够彼此连接使整个建筑物成为一个空心筒体或一个劲性箱体时,一幢高层建筑的整个结构才能最有效。

第七课10

The span of a rigid beam type of bridge can be increased by building intermediate piers and bridging the gaps between the piers with several beams.The materials used for rigid beams must be able to withstand both compression and tension.

刚架桥这种类型的桥的跨度可以采用在中间建桥墩或在峡谷建搁栅撑,再用几根横梁连接起来而增加跨度。刚架桥的材料必须能够承担压力和拉力。

The double requirement stems from the fact that when a load is placed on a rigid beam, the beam. As a result of bending the upper part of the beam is compressed and the lower half is stretched.

尽管它的名字叫曲梁,但实际上这种具有双重要求的杆能用于刚架桥上。结果,梁弯曲较高的部分的压力比直的部分低一半以上,

Although the total weight of the vehicles moving over a bridge at any time is generally a small fraction of the static and dynamic load, it presents special problems to the bridge designer because of the vibration and impact stresses created by moving vehicles. the severe impacts caused by irregularities of vehicle motion or bumps in the roadway may momentarily double the effect of the live load on the bridge虽然随时在桥面上移动的机动车的总重量相当于静荷载和动荷载来说是一个很少的部分,而对设计者来说,因为机动车辆产生的振动和冲击压力而会出现特殊问题。例如:在路面上机动车的不规则的运动或碰撞对桥面产生短暂而影响加倍的活荷载而导致严重的影响。

第十一课1

As part of general planning, it is decided what the traffic needs of the area will be for a considerable period, generally 20 years, and what construction will meet those needs

作为概要计划的一部分,该地区在可预见的时段内(如20年)的交通流量,以及何种建设才能满足这种需求将是决定因素。

To assess traffic needs the highway engineer collects and analyzes information about the physical features of existing facilities, the volume, distribution, and character of present traffic, and the changes to be expected in these factors.

为了评估交通需求量,高速公路工程师通过采集分析现有设备提供的物理数据信息——包括车流量,分布,现有交通工具的特征以及蕴涵在这些因素中的可以预知的变化。

第十五课8

Internal friction is the resistance to sliding offered by the soil mass.

Sand and gravel have higher internal friction than clays; in the latter an increase in moisture lowers the internal friction.

内摩擦力是土体抵抗滑动的力。砂土和砾石土比粘土有更大的内摩擦力;后期水气的增加会降低内摩擦力。

第十六课4The sizes of footings are determined by dividing the loads to be imposed at the base of the footings by the allowable bearing pressure which can be imposed on the soil or rock of the earth.

基础的尺寸是由可能施加在基础底部的荷载除以地基土和岩石能够承担的容许支撑力来确定的。

More specific information about the soil or rock is normally obtained by drilling test borings, extracting soil or rock samples, performing laboratory tests on the samples, and making engineering analysis to determine suitable bearing pressures.

更多关于土体或岩石的具体信息要靠钻探试验:选择土体或岩石试样,室内试验和决定容许承载力的工程分析获得。

第十七课20. The construction of a steel structure consists of the assembly at the site of mill-rolled or shop-fabricated steel sections. The steel sections may consist of beams, columns, or small trusses which are joined together by riveting, bolting, or welding. It is more economical to assemble sections of the structure at a fabricating shop rather than in the field, but the size of preassembled units is limited by the capacity of transportation and erection equipment.

钢结构建筑物由轧钢厂和制造厂的钢材组装而成。钢结构由梁,柱或靠铆接螺栓连接以及焊接连接在一起的小桁架组成。在制造车间组装部分结构比在现场更积极,但组装单元大小受运输能力和安装设备限制。

21Concrete construction consists of several operations: forming, concrete production, placement, and curing. Forming is required to contain and support the fluid concrete within its desired final outline until it solidifies and can support itself. The form is made of timber or steel sections or a combination of both and is held together during the concrete placing by external bracing or internal ties. The forms and ties are designed to withstand the temporary fluid pressure of the concrete

混凝土结构由一些操作组成:支模,混凝土浇捣,定位,养护。支模要求保持和支持所需要的流动的混凝土直到它硬化并且能支撑自身。模板由木材或钢材或两者组成,它在混凝土定位期间,靠外部支撑和内部结点结合在一起。模板和结点被设计成能支撑临时的流动混凝土的压力。朗读显示对应的拉丁字符的拼音

P12 在古中国,尽管人们不把建筑学视为一种艺术,但在西方,建筑学是美术之母,建筑装饰、绘画以及雕刻逐渐成熟被人们视为独立的艺术。

P23 结构形式,如横梁或拱门,经过长时间的发展,它涉及到材料的实用性以及高新技艺。例如,拱门,地面的轴心引力。因此,重力、建筑物形状和所用的材料的力量要保持平衡,从个可以庇护所提供顶盖并能让周围在通道周围。与这种平衡保持一致,建筑者创造了三种技巧,分别是:柱形、拱形和悬臂结构。

P33 二战结束后,欧洲、没过和日本在开始研究在动力(包括超出屈服点的力)的作用下的utong建筑钢铁的类型,从而做出更加精确系统的分析。反过来,这导致了许多国家公家宽松的设计规范。所谓的可塑设计及高韧度材料的使用,是更加自由、更加富于想象的设计设计成为可能并节约了大量的成本。电脑的应用缩减了冗长的文书工作,并提高效率,减少开支。

P57 建设桥梁根基和上部构造的更好更快的方法也有所提高。建造者用更好的管道运输方式或可漂浮至地基然后沉到空地的地基箱取代了昂贵的围堰和沉箱。例如,在建造混凝土桥梁的上部结构时,人们预制许多分段然后把它们运送到合适的位置,从而节省了大量的成本。

P67 大量的经济价值不仅是通过减少桥梁的重量来获得,而是通过薄翼型外观获得,这种翼型外观可以减少桥梁承载的气流,从而减少绳索及塔台的开支。而且塔台是单箱的,从而使其重量减至最低。这些创举无疑为今后的桥梁设计的经济价值及复杂性制定了标准。

P93 人、物对交通的需求与大多数人的定居地有密切的联系。所以主要的乡村交通线十分容易选定,因为它们要经过主要的枢纽和聚居地。城市交通路线的体积通常考虑起止城市的面积大小及2地的距离。它通常建立在当前体积及人口和车辆增加的基础上。这种体积通常要称为日平均流量。就设计目的而言,有必要吧归类为型重型车辆的交通分配给重量分类组。

P131 在沉积和分层的每一个阶段,水作为侵蚀和地面运输的中间介质无时不在。地下深处的水带来酸和碱,进行化学攻击粒子并侵蚀、冷冻、解冻、进一步降低大块的岩石使之成越来越小的碎片,即使当它们深埋于表面,雨,雪和冰雹下数千英尺也依然如此。

P143大学教我们很多课,它们使用的熟悉教材教具:课本、讲座、实验室、示范和研讨会,但外面的世界也教导着我们。这里的课程是不同的,甚至可能很难辨认,、但如果我们是聪明的学生,是为了我们职业生涯的大利益,我们在毕业之后仍要接受很长的时间教育。

P155 材料的质量和耐久性,建筑经济学根本上不同于其他加工项目经济学。因为建筑物不移动,但必须在各种天气中屹立60年甚至更长时间,因此建筑物材料的选用标准远不同于运输设备的使用标准。因为建筑材料只运送到建筑工地一次,此后不在重新安置,因此可以很重,而且,建筑器材具有抗腐蚀性,可以以最少的维护工作获得长寿命。

翻译大一下学期

Unit7 汉译英 1. 警察放大了失踪女孩的照片,这样他们能容易认出她。(Use "have + object + V-ed" structure) The police had the photograph of the missing girl enlarged so that they could recognize her easily. 2. 我喜欢乘公共汽车上班,而不是自己驾车。那天上午也不例外。(rather than, no exception) When I go to work, I prefer to take a bus rather than drive and that morning was no exception. 3. 这位老人见到自己的孙女走进屋时站了起来,竟意想不到地移动了几步,就好像他能行走了似的。(get to one's feet, as if) When he saw his granddaughter coming into the house (Seeing his granddaughter coming into the house), the old man got to his feet and moved several steps unexpectedly as if he could walk by himself. 4. 当时我们的注意力全集中在那幅画上,没有注意到四周有什么异样情况,所以也不能提供任何额外的细节。(focus on, additional details) At that time we focused our attention on that painting without noticing anything unusual around us, and we can't offer any additional details. 5. 这两个劫匪的作案手法表明他们可能就是过去几个月里这一地区多起抢劫案的元凶。(commit) The two robbers' methods suggested they might be the same men who had committed a number of robberies in the area over the past few months. 6. 无论这个问题多么令人讨厌,它都是我们必须正视的问题。(no matter how) It's a question we have to face no matter how unpleasant it is. 英译汉 1. Experience told him that a woman's natural instinct was to defend herself rather than hurt the attacker. 经验告诉他,妇女的天性是保护自己而不是去伤害攻击者。 2. The room is looking much better since she had the walls repainted. 自从她把墙重新粉刷了后,这房间好看多了。 3. Teenage crime was out of control in many parts of the country, and this city was no exception. 在这个国家的许多地方,青少年犯罪已经失去了控制,这个城市也不例外。 4. Weeks after the robbery, he was afraid to go outside, fearing that he would come face to face with the robber a second time. 抢劫案发生后的几周,他不敢出门,害怕自己再次与劫匪面对面遭遇。 5. The victim described to the policemen how a man, who suddenly emerged from the shrub, robbed her. 受害者向警察描述她是怎样突然遭到一个从灌木丛中出来的人抢劫的。 6. For many Americans today, weekend work has unfortunately become the rule rather than the exception. 如今,对许多美国人来说,周末工作已经不幸地成为了惯例,而不是例外。 Unit9

建筑施工专业名词(中英文对照解释)

A-frame A型骨架 A-truss A型构架 abrasion 磨耗;磨蚀 abrasive cut-off machine 磨切机 abrasive grinding machine 磨机(火石机) abrasive particle 磨粒 absorption 吸收 abutment 桥台;拱座 abutting end 邻接端 acceleration 加速 acceleration lane 加速车道 acceleration pedal 加速器踏板 accelerator 催凝剂;加速器;催化剂acceptance criteria 接受准则 access 通路;通道 access door 检修门;通道门 access lane 进出路径 access panel 检修门 access point 入口处;出入通道处 access ramp 入口坡道;斜通道 access road 通路;通道 access shaft 竖井通道 access spiral loop 螺旋式回旋通道 access staircase 通道楼梯 access step 上落踏板;出入踏板 access tunnel 隧道通道 accessible roof 可到达的屋顶;有通道的屋顶accessory 附件;配件 accident 事故;意外 accidental collapse 意外坍塌accommodate 装设;容纳 accredited private laboratory 认可私营实验室accumulator 储压器;蓄电池 accuracy limit 准确度极限 acetylene cylinder 乙炔气(风煤)樽 acid plant 酸洗设备;酸洗机 acid pump 酸液泵 acid tank 酸液缸 acoustic couplant 声耦合剂 acoustic coupler 声耦合器 acoustic lining 隔音板 acoustic screen 隔声屏 acrylic paint 丙烯漆料 acrylic sheet 丙烯胶片(阿加力胶片)

建筑专业英语词汇(A)

建筑专业英语词汇(A) a block 空心块 a frame a 型框架 a line 支座反力影响线abaciscus 嵌饰 abacus 栏杆小柱顶 abamurus 扶壁 abat jour 灯罩 abat vent 遮阳帘 abbrasive wheel 磨盘 aberration 偏差 ability 能力 ablation 磨蚀酌 abode 住宅 above ground structure 地面建筑物abrasion 磨耗 abrasion concrete 磨蚀性混凝土abrasion hardness 耐磨硬度abrasion proof 耐磨的 abrasion resistance 耐磨性abrasion test 磨耗试验 abrasion tester 磨耗试验机abrasion value 磨耗值 abrasive 磨料 abrasive aggregates 耐磨骨料abrasive disk 磨盘 abrasive paper 研磨纸 abrasive tile 粗面瓷砖 abridged notation 简化符号 abs plastic abs塑料 absolute deformation 绝对变形absolute displacement 绝对位移absolute error 绝对误差 absolute humidity 绝对湿度absolute pressure 绝对压力absolute temperature 绝对温度absolute value 绝对值 absolute viscosity 绝对粘度absolute weight 绝对重量absorbed water 吸附水absorbent 吸收剂 absorbent filter 吸收剂滤器absorber 吸收器 absorbing ability 吸收能力

英语翻译 大一下学期

Unit8 Passage A 1. 罗伯特·彭斯(Robert Burns) 在诗中把他所钟情的女孩比作玫瑰花。(compare...to) In his poem, Robert Burns compares the girl he loves to a rose. 2. 无论你多忙,你都应该抽时间回学校参加同学聚会。(no matter how) No matter how busy you are, you should try to make it back to the class reunion. 3. 离婚后她需要一个能给她安慰的人。(a shoulder to cry on) Answer:After her divorce she needed a shoulder to cry on. 4. 毕业20年以后,他几乎认不出他以前的同学了。(barely) Answer:He graduated 20 years ago, so he could barely recognize his former classmates. 5. 什么都无法替代亲密朋友之间的友谊。(replace) Answer:Nothing can replace the friendship between intimate friends. Unit1 Passage A 1.任何年满18岁的人都有资格投票。(be eligible to, vote) Anyone over the age of 18 is eligible to vote. 2. 每学期开学前,这些奖学金的申请表格就会由学校发给每一个学生。(apply for, scholarship) A form to apply for these scholarships is sent by the university to every student before the start of every semester. 3. 遵照医生的建议,我决定戒烟。(on the advice of) On the advice of my doctor, I decided to give up smoking. 4. 公园位于县城的正中央。(be located in) The park is located right in the center of town. 5. 这所大学提供了我们所需的所有材料和设备。(facilities) The university provides all the materials and facilities we desire. 2. Unit2 Passage A 1. 警察们正忙着填写关于这场事故的各种表格。(fill out) The policemen are busy fi lling out forms about the accident. 2. 我想在还车之前把油箱加满。(fill up, fuel tank) I want to fi ll up the fuel tank before returning the car. 3. 如果你要投诉,最好遵循正确的程序。(follow the procedure) If you want to make a complaint, you’d better follow the correct procedure. 4. 要不是约翰帮忙,我们绝不会这么快就完成实验。(without) We couldn’t have fi nished the experiment so soon without John’s help. 5. 暴风雨之后,岸边的人们焦急地搜索湖面以期发现小船的踪迹。(scan for) After the storm, the people on the shore anxiously scanned the lake for any sign of the boat. Unit3 Passage A 1.我发现量入为出地过日子越来越难了。(increasingly) I find it increasingly difficult to live within my income. 2. 现代政治家们都试图以电视讲话来影响普通百姓。(reach out) Modern politicians try to reach out to ordinary people in their TV speeches. 3. 应该帮助学生对人生采取积极的态度。(adopt) Pupils should be helped to adopt a positive attitude to life.

建筑专业词汇中英对照(精心整理版)

1DESIGN BASIS 设计依据 计划建议书planning proposals 设计任务书design order 标准规范standards and codes 条件图information drawing 设计基础资料basic data for design 工艺流程图process flowchart 工程地质资料engineering geological data 原始资料original data 设计进度schedule of design 2STAGE OF DESIGN 设计阶段 方案scheme, draft 草图sketch 会谈纪要summary of discussion 谈判negotiation 可行性研究feasibility study 初步设计preliminary design 基础设计basic design 详细设计detail design 询价图enquiry drawing 施工图working drawing, construction drawing 竣工图as built drawing 3CLIMATE CONDITION 气象条件 日照sunshine 风玫瑰wind rose 主导风向prevailing wind direction 最大(平均)风速maximum (mean) wind velocity 风荷载wind load 最大(平均)降雨量maximum (mean) rainfall 雷击及闪电thunder and lightning 飓风hurricane 台风typhoon 旋风cyclone 降雨强度rainfall intensity 年降雨量annual rainfall 湿球温度wet bulb temperature 干球温度dry bulb temperature 冰冻期frost period

武汉理工大学新视角研究生英语17单元翻译部分

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