2019-2020学年新外研版必修三研学：Unit 3 Section Ⅰ Preparation for the unit 学案

Science moves，but slowly，slowly，creeping on from point to point.

—Tennyson 科学在发展，不过是慢慢地、慢慢地，一点一点向前爬行。

——丁尼生Every great advance in science has issued from a new audacity of imagination.

—Emerson 科学上的每一重大进步都来自一种新的大胆的设想。

——爱默生Men love to wonder，and that is the seed of our science.

—Emerson 人总是爱异想天开，这就是我们科学的种子。

——爱默生Equipped with his five senses，man explores the universe around him and calls the adventure science.

—Edwin Powell 人生来具有五种感官，他们探索周围的世界并将这种冒险称为科学。

——埃德温·鲍威尔

Science，Good or Evil？Science has brought many changes to the whole of society.It is hardly too much to say science is the most important factor in the progression of human beings.The great developments in medicine，computer，transportation etc.have lengthened our life expectancy.However，science also gives us lots of problems：pollution，energy crises，the nuclear bomb and more serious

computer crimes.Despite all these，we still spare no efforts in the development of science and technology.It is really true that everything has two sides.

Huawei 5G technology means more than

quicker communication

Supported by the Huawei technology，V odafone Espana commercialized the first 5G mobile services in Spain on Saturday.The 5G network can make a huge difference.About half of the population in 15 major Spanish cities including Madrid and Barcelona are involved，which makes the country among the first that used 5G services in Europe.

V odafone Espana's using the Huawei 5G technology means not only communication 10 times faster in Spain，but also a step closer to the excitements like autonomous driving，tele-medicine and virtual reality in everyday life.Another thing that is certain is that the United States' effort to block the global 5G technology leader Huawei from the 5G network market at their expense will not work.

It is a fact worth mentioning that Huawei has been in cooperation with most of the major mobile operators across Europe.Spain is not the first in Europe to use Huawei technology，and is surely not the last one.

[探索发现]

1．What do you know about Huawei and its products?

2．How do you like the scientific inventions around you?

3．What do you want to invent most？And why?

[答案]

1.It's a China's big company and the products are very good.

2．They let us enjoy all the comfort and convenience.

3．略

Section ⅠPreparation for the unit

Ⅰ.匹配词义

a．给下列单词选择正确的汉语意思。

( )1.virtual A．n.电池

( )2.battery B．adj.精确的

( )3.passive C．adj.虚拟的，模拟的

( )4.significant D．n.物种

( )5.injure E．n.东西，物品

( )6.stuff F．v.使受伤，弄伤

( )7.accurate G．n.起源，起因

( )8.minor H．adj.聪颖的，才华横溢的

( )9.origin I．adj.重要的，影响深远的

( )10.species J．n.学说，理论

( )11.brilliant K．n.声明，宣告

( )12.theory L．adj.小的

( )13.declaration M．n.证据，证明

( )14.proof N．adj.被动的

[答案]1－5CANIF6－10EBLGD 11－14HJKM

b．给下列短语选择正确的汉语意思。

( )1.instead of A．被……系到……上；附属于( )2.in addition B．依据；按照；在……方面( )3.thanks to C．另外，而且

( )4.in terms of D．通向；导致

( )5.be capable of E．而且，更重要的是

( )6.what's more F．集中于

( )7.lead to G．有能力做某事

( )8.apart from H．连同……一起；与……一道( )9.focus on I．除……之外

( )10.be attached to J．由于；多亏了

( )11.more than one K．代替；而不是……

( )12.along with L．不止一个

[答案]1－5KCJBG6－10EDIFA 11－12LH

Ⅱ.默写单词

1．press v．按

2．shoot v. 射出(光、亮等)，放射

3．flexible adj. 易弯曲的，柔韧的

4．capable adj. 有能力的

5．desire n. 渴望，欲望

6．beyond prep. 无法……

7．significant adj. 重要的，影响深远的

8．mental adj. 精神的；精神健康的

9．experiment n. (科学)实验

10．attach v. 系，绑；贴

11．conduct v. 传导(热、电)

12．entirely ad v. 完全地，彻底地

13．account n. 记述，描述

14．procedure n. 程序，步骤，手续

Ⅰ.语境填空

conducted；declaration；batteries；shot；experiments；

desire；injured；attached；flexible；beyond

1．The strong light shot out by the flashlight hurt the eyes of the policeman. 2．Find a thin and flexible tube，put into the hole and maybe it will work. 3．Charge the batteries in time in case you need them anytime while travelling. 4．This is really beyond my ability but I can recommend an expert for you. 5．Sometimes we must hold back our really desire and learn to pretend.

6．Take the injured old man to the nearest hospital first and then come back.

7．The declaration is timely and is just like an alarm to the people making trouble.

8．The light attached to the head of the farmer helps him to work more conveniently.

9．Heat can be conducted quickly by metals so you feel cool when you touch an iron stick.

10．Inventions often arise from many times of experiments and failures and sometimes great loss.

Ⅱ.语法填空之派生词

1．We were entirely(entire) confused by what he said in the meeting.

2．The new drug has great significance (significant)for the treatment of the disease.

3．Two players are out of the team because of injury (injure) and we need subs.

4．Only a small minority (minor)of students are interested in politics these days.

5．They will sign the declaration (declare) as soon as they arrive.

6．You can find the pictures of details in the attachment (attach) of the e-mail.

7．The room still has many of its original(origin) features and the items used by the couple.

8．He took a very scientific(science) way to deal with the trouble in his work.

9．Temperature becomes uniform by heat conduction (conduct)．

10．Scientists know that all experimental (experiment) results are variable and not fixed.

1．Good evening，and welcome to Between the Pages.

晚上好，欢迎来到《字里行间》。

2．For example，advances in virtual reality and wearable tech，as well as the flexible battery，mean we should soon be seeing further developments.

例如，虚拟现实以及可穿戴技术方面的进步，以及可折叠电池，意味着我们应该很快就会看到进一步的发展。

3．In terms of the environment，it is now possible to create an intelligent walking

house.

在环境方面，现在有可能创造一个智能步行屋。

4．Franklin then touched the key with his finger and got an electric shock.

然后富兰克林用手指触摸了一下钥匙，感到了电击。

5．In fact，more than one account suggests that while Newton was certainly inspired by a falling apple, there is no proof that it hit him on the head.

事实上，不止一种说法表明，虽然牛顿的灵感来自一个下落的苹果，但没有证据表明它击中了他的头部。

课文助读

①welcome to 欢迎来到……

②I'll be talking to...，will be doing将来进行时；talk to 对某人讲话，和某人聊天

③whose引导定语从句，在从句中作new book的定语

④It's a pleasure to do很高兴做某事

⑤have been asked 现在完成时的被动语态

⑥It suggests that“表明”，suggest此处意思是“表明”，另外还可以表示“建议”。that引导宾语从句

⑦present adj.当前的；在场的

⑧point n．观点；point of view 观点

⑨there have been，there be句型的现在完成时形式

⑩think of 想到，想起

?gunpowder n．火药

?compass n．指南针，罗盘

?find oneself in 发现自己处于……状态，find＋宾语＋补语的结构

?for example 例如，举例说明

?virtual reality 虚拟现实；virtual adj.虚拟的，模拟的

?wearable tech 可穿戴技术；wear＋able→ wearable

?as well as 既……又……；除……之外(也)；此外

?flexible adj.易弯曲的，柔韧的

?battery n．电池；复数为batteries

?further developments 进一步的发展。further是far的比较级，表示“更远的；更进一步的，深一层的”。

○21in addition 除……之外

○22have been made 现在完成时的被动语态

○23thanks to 多亏了，幸亏，由于

○24increasing adj.不断增长的

○25power n．能力；功率；力量；权力；大国

○26give sb.some examples 给某人举例说明

○27have been used 现在完成时的被动语态

○28replacement n．代替；归还；replace v．代替；放回原处

○29in terms of 就……而言；根据

○30it is...possible to do 做某事是可能的

○31intelligent adj.聪明的；理解力强的

○32be capable of 有能力做某事

○33with computing technology controlling its“legs”，with的复合结构computing technology是宾语，controlling its“legs”是宾语补足语

○34what's more而且

○35eco-friendly adj.对生态环境友好的，不妨害生态环境的

○36stuff n．东西，物品

○37have been told 现在完成时的被动语态

○38inventor n．发明家；invent v．发明

○39work as作为

○40I see 我明白了

○41what is it that...强调句型的特殊疑问句形式，正常语序是：it is what that...

○42inspire sb.to 激励某人做某事

○43start with 开始

○44that引导定语从句，修饰前面的problem，that在从句中作主语，不可以省略

○45no doubt 无疑地；固然

○46which引导非限制性定语从句，which在从句中作主语

○47develop into 发展成，演化为

○48reduced adj.被减少的

○49environmental adj.环境的，与环境有关的

○50lead to 通向，导致

○51what remains important is that，what remains important 是主语从句，what 在从句中作主语，that引导的是表语从句，解释说明主语

○52desire to do 做某事的欲望desire n．欲望，渴望

○53the one 代指前面的question

○54you've been watching，have been doing sth.是现在完成进行时，表示过去某一动作持续到现在

○55has been invented 现在完成时的被动语态

○56Never say never！永不言弃！

课文呈现

The New Age of Invention

Interviewer：Good evening，and ①welcome to Between the Pages.This evening，②I'll be talking to Dr Richard Fairhurst，③whose new book The Ne w Age of In v ention has just been published.Welcome，Richard!

Richard：Thank you.④It's a pleasure to be here.

Interviewer：I guess you ⑤have been asked about the title of your book before.⑥It suggests that the ⑦present day is a new age for inventions，but many people might think that the great age of invention is over.

Richard：Well，that's an interesting ⑧point.⑨There have been golden ages of invention throughout history.⑩Think of the four great inventions in Ancient China：?gunpowder，papermaking，printing and the ?compass.These things changed the world forever.Then there were the great Western inventions：the steam engine，the telephone and the radio.And now，we ?find ourselves in the great new age of technology.

Interviewer：So are most of the new great inventions tech-based?

Richard：A lot，yes.?For example，advances in ?vi rtual reality and ?

wearable tech，?as well as the ?flexible?battery，mean we should soon be seeing?further developments.○21In addition，important advances○22have been made in medicine and environmental science○23thanks to○24increasing computer○25 power.

Interviewer：Can you○26give us some examples?

Richard：Sure.New inventions like 3D printers○27have been used to make○28 replacement hearts and bone parts.○29In terms of the environment，○30it is now possible to create an○31intelligent walking house.It○32is capable of using GPS technology to travel to different places，○33with computing technology controlling its“legs”.○34What's more，huge advances in solar technology mean it can be○35 eco-friendly，too.

Interviewer：Impressive○36stuff！I○37have also been told that you're an○38inventor yourself.Is that correct?

Richard：Yes，I am，but I'm only one member of a big team —most inventors now○39work as part of big international teams.

Interviewer：○40I see.So○41what is it that○42inspires us to invent things?

Richard：Most inventions○43start with recognising a problem○44that needs a solution.This was○45no doubt the reason behind the invention of the wheel in ancient times，○46which much later○47developed into the car.Now，○48reduced energy supplies and○49en vi ronmental pollution have○50led to more advances in the technology of new energy vehicles.But○51what remains important is that we have an incredible○52 desire to think and create，and that's the real spirit of invention.

Interviewer：One last question.This is○53the one everyone really wants to know：will anybody ever invent a time machine?

Richard：I think○54you've been watching too many movies！Nothing like this○55 has been invented yet and I'd say we're a long way from an invention like that at the moment！But，as they say，○56“Never say never！”

译文参考

发明的新时代

记者：晚上好，欢迎来到《字里行间》。今晚，我将和理查德·费尔赫斯特博

士交流，他的新书《发明的新时代》刚刚出版。欢迎，理查德！

理查德：谢谢你。很高兴来到这里。

记者：我想以前有人问过你这本书的书名。这表明当今是一个发明的新时代，但许多人可能认为发明的伟大时代已经结束了。

理查德：嗯，这是个有趣的观点。历史上有过发明创造的黄金时代。想想中国古代的四大发明：火药、造纸术、印刷术和指南针。这些东西永远地改变了世界。然后是西方的伟大发明：蒸汽机、电话和无线电。现在，我们发现自己正处在一个伟大的新技术时代。

记者：那么，大多数新的伟大发明都是以技术为特征的吗？

理查德：很多，是的。例如，虚拟现实以及可穿戴技术方面的进步，以及可折叠电池，意味着我们应该很快就会看到进一步的发展。此外，由于计算机能力的提高，医学和环境科学也取得了重大进展。

记者：你能给我们举几个例子吗？

理查德：当然。像3D打印机这样的新发明已经被用来制造替代心脏和骨骼部分。在环境方面，现在有可能创造一个智能步行屋，它可以使用GPS技术各处旅行，用计算技术控制它的“腿”。而且，太阳能技术的巨大进步意味着它也可以是环保的。

记者：令人印象深刻的东西！我还听说你自己就是个发明家。对吧？

理查德：是的。但我只是一个大团队中的一员——现在大多数发明家都在大型国际团队中工作。

记者：我明白了。那么，是什么激励我们去发明东西呢？

理查德：大多数发明都是从认识到需要解决的问题开始的。毫无疑问，这就是古代发明轮子的原因，很久以后轮子就发展成了汽车。现在，能源供应的减少和环境污染导致了新能源汽车技术的进步。但仍然重要的是，我们有难以置信的渴望去思考和创造，这才是真正的发明精神。

记者：最后一个问题。这是一个每个人都想知道的问题：会有人发明时间机器吗？

理查德：我觉得你看的电影太多了！目前还没有这样的发明，我想说，现在我们离这样的发明还有很长的路要走！但是，正如他们所说，“永不言弃！”

教材课文，完成下列任务：

速读P26

－27

Ⅰ.阅读判断

判断以下句子提供的信息是正确的，还是错误的，还是没有提及。

1．It is the first time that Richard has been asked about the title of his book？( ) A．Right. B．Wrong. C．Not mentioned. 2．The four great inventions in Ancient China changed the world forever.( ) A．Right. B．Wrong. C．Not mentioned. 3．Flexible batteries are used in many fields besides solar energy.( ) A．Right. B．Wrong. C．Not mentioned. 4．Computer power is increasing with many advances in different areas.( ) A．Right. B．Wrong. C．Not mentioned. 5．We can get all our body parts with 3D printers.( )

A．Right. B．Wrong. C．Not mentioned.

[答案]1－5BACAC

Ⅱ.补全信息

选择正确选项填入空白处，补全所给句子提供的信息。

A．using GPS technology

B．making replacement body parts

C．basing themselves on technology

D．referring to the new age of invention

E．watching too many movies

F．changing the world forever

．2．Ancient China has the four great inventions ．

3．Many advances are made in different fields ．

4．3D printing technology has used in many ways，such as ．5．The intelligent walking house can travel to different places ．

6．The interviewer asks about a time machine because of

．

[答案]1－6DFCBAE

Ⅲ.表格填空

根据课文内容，在空白处填入合适的单词或短语。

Topic Interviewer Richard

Greetings Tonight I 1.will be talking to

Dr Richard

Fairhurst.Welcome！

It is a 2.pleasure to be here.

The age of inventions Is it over or just new and

great？

There 3.have been golden ages in

Ancient China and West.

The new great inventions Are most of them 4.based on

technology？

A lot.Many 5.advances in

different fields have been made

6.thanks to technology and

computer power.

Ask for some examples？

Body parts made by 3D printers

and an intelligent 7.walking

house using GPS technology to

travel.What's more，advances in

solar energy are 8.eco-friendly.

The inspiration for the invent What is it？

Most inventions

9.start with recognising

a problem that needs a solution.

For the future Will anybody invent a time

machine？

Not 10.at the moment，but never

say never！

细读P26

－27

教材课文，完成下列任务：

Ⅰ.主旨匹配

细读课文，匹配段落大意。

1．Paragraphs 1－2 A．The advances in different areas thanks to technology.

2．Paragraphs 3－4 B．The inspiration for more

inventions.

3．Paragraphs 5－8 C．Greeting between the interviewer and

Richard.

4．Paragraphs 9－12 D．The possibility of making time

machine.

5．Paragraphs 13－14 E．The on-going great age of

invention.

[答案]1－5CEABD

Ⅱ.单项选择

细读课文，选择最佳答案

1．What's the passage mainly about?

A．The publishing of a new book.

B．Four great inventions in Ancient China.

C．The new changes in the invention today.

D．What inspires a man to invent something.

2．Why does Richard mention the four great inventions in Ancient China? A．To prove the golden ages of invention in history.

B．To tell us the importance of the four inventions.

C．To share his knowledge about the four inventions.

D．To compare them with the great Western inventions.

3．What new inventions are NOT mentioned in the text?

A．Virtual reality and wearable tech.

B．The flexible battery and the 3D printers.

C．The inventions made by Richard.

D．The replacement of human organs.

4．What is Richard's attitude to inventing a time machine? A．Negative. B．Optimistic.

C．Critical. D．Supportive.

5．What do we know about the new great inventions today?

A．All of them are tech-based.

B．Computer technology helps a lot.

C．The solar technology is always eco-friendly.

D．A solution to a problem is an invention.

[答案]1－5CACBB

Ⅲ.概要写作微技能

概要写作微技能——支撑信息

A．文中表示支撑信息的句子。

1．For example，advances in virtual reality and wearable tech，as well as the flexible battery，mean we should soon be seeing further developments.

2．New inventions like 3D printers have been used to make replacement hearts and bone parts.

3．In terms of the environment，it is now possible to create an intelligent walking house.

B．判断下列哪个不是表示支撑信息的句子。

1．Think of the four great inventions in Ancient China：gunpowder，paper-making，printing and the compass.

2．Most inventions start with recognising a problem that needs a solution.

3．Now，reduced energy supplies and environmental pollution have led to more advances in the technology of new energy vehicles.

[答案] 2

人教版英语必修三 Unit 4 Astronomy词汇

Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the stars 一.重点词汇 1．________ n．天文学________ n．天文学家 2．________ n．系统；体系；制度________ adj.系统的 3．________ n．宗教；宗教信仰 4．________ n．学说；理论 5．________ n．球体；地球仪；地球_____ adj.全球性的 6．________ adj.猛烈的；激烈的________ adv. 猛烈地 7．________ n．大气层；气氛 8．________ adj.基本的；基础的 9．________ n．出席；到场；存在________ adj.出席的；存在的10．________ n．反应；回应________ vi.反应；回应 11．________ vi.乘；增加 12．________ n．氧 13．________ vt.存在；生存________n．存在；生存 14．_____ n．谜；难题vt.(使)迷惑_____adj.令人困惑的 15．________ n．生物学________ adj.生物的 16．________ n．万有引力；重力 17．________ n．卫星；人造卫星 18．________ n．物理学家 19．________ adv.失重地 20．________ n．质量；团；块；大量_______ adj.巨大的二.短语回顾 1．________ time 及时；终于 2．be harmful ________ 对……有害3．give birth ________ 产生；分娩4．________ one's turn 轮到某人；接着 5．prevent... ________ 阻止；抑制6．block ________ 挡住(光线等) 7．cheer _______感到高兴；感到振奋8．a mass ________ 许多；大量9．break ________ 突发；爆发10．watch ________ for 密切注视；当心；提防 11．________ that 既然 12．get close ________ 靠近；接近13．get the hang ________ 掌握，精通三、请根据各句上下文的意义，选择正确的单词填入空白处。第一组：force, disappoint, system, surface, harmful, astronomy, gravity, publish, atmosphere, planet 1 His words _________ me and I lost hope for him. 2 He seems very honest on the _________ but actually he is not reliable. 3 There is still a lot that scientists don’t k now or explain in the field of _________. 4 He posted his newly-written novel to a _________ house but received no reply. 5 There are eight _________ in the solar system.

人教新课标必修三unit4学案.doc

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Book3 Unit4 Period 6 编写：孙东夷3/10/2015 学习目标：A/B 1.复习并掌握本单元单词和词组 2.能拓展相关词汇并应用 C 1复习并掌握本单元单词和词组2.能拓展相关词汇 D.1. 复习并掌握本单元单词和词组 Ⅰ.立体式复习单词 A．基础单词 1．________n．系统；体系；制度2．________n．宗教；宗教信仰3．________n．学说；理论 4．________prep.不同，不像5．________vi.& vt.乘；增加6．________adv.因此，于是7．________n．万有引力；重力 8．________adj.温和的；文雅的 9．________n．气候 10．________vi.& vt.碰撞，坠落 11．________n．& vt.拉(力)，拖，牵引(力) 12．________vi.& vt.(使)浮动，(使)漂浮 B．词汇拓展 13．________adj.猛烈的；激烈的；强暴的→________n．暴力；暴行；剧烈 14．________adj.基本的；基础的→________adv.根本上；完全地 15．________adj.有害的→________n．危害；害处 16．________vi.存在；生存→________n．存在，生存 17．________n．谜；难题vt.& vi.(使)迷惑；(使)为难→________adj.令人迷惑的，困惑的→________adj.迷惑的，困惑的 18．________n．地球，世界→________adj.全球性 Ⅱ.递进式回顾短语 A．短语互译 1．________________及时，终于2．________________下蛋 3．________________产生，分娩4．________________阻止，制止5．________________in one's turn 6．________________cheer up 7．________________break out 8．________________watch out 9．________________block out 10．________________now that B．用上面短语的适当形式填空 11．Do you know that crocodiles reproduce by__________？ 12．During the car accident，he was____________to escape from the car without being hurt. 13．The tall tree____________the sunlight. 14．The war____________between the two countries. 15．____________for wild animals when you go up the hills. Ⅲ.仿写式活用句型 1．The earth became so_violent_that it was not clear whether the shape would last or not. 【句式仿写】他如此聪明以至于在如此短的时间就解出了那道题。 He is he worked out the problem in such a short time. 2．This produced a chain reaction，which made it possible for life to develop.

人教版高中英语必修三unit 4 Astronomy 语言点学案含答案

高一英语必修三导学案Unit 4 语言要点（模块） Ⅰ. 词性变化（旨在提供语法填空所需材料） 1. violent adj.强暴的，猛烈的; →____________ n.暴力，强暴；猛烈; →____________ adv. 强暴地；猛烈地 2. fundamental adj.基本(础)的n.[pl.]基本原则(法则) ; →____________ adv. 基本地；根本地; →____________ n. 基础；根本 3. development n.生长，发展；新情况; →____________ vt.发展；产生vi.生长；发展; →____________ adj. 发达的→____________ adj. 发展的 4. prevent vt. 预防，防止; →____________ n.预防；阻止；妨碍; →____________ adj.可防止的 5. gentle adj.和蔼的；轻柔的; →____________ adv.温和地；静静地 6. physics n.物理，物理学; →____________ n.物理学家; →____________l adj.身体的；物理(学)的；物质的 7.harmful adj. 有害的→____________（n.）伤害→____________（反义词） 8.depend v. 依靠；依赖→____________ ( n.) →____________ (adj.) →____________（反义词） 9.exist v. 存在；生存→____________ (n.) 10.presence n. →____________ ( n. ;adj.; v. ) ) →____________ (缺席的；不到场的) 11.disappoint v. 使失望；使落空→____________ (感到失望的) →____________ (令人失望的) →____________( n.) 12.gradually adv. 逐渐地→____________ (adj.) 13.puzzle n; 谜；难题；v. 使迷惑→____________ adj.( 感到迷惑的)→____________ adj. ( 令人迷惑的) Ⅱ. 重点短语梳理 1. go _____ （时间）前进；推移；走过 2. lay _____ 下蛋 3._____ one’s turn 轮到某人 4. block _____ 挡住（光线） 5. get the hang _____ 熟悉；掌握；理解 6. watch _____ 密切注视；当心；提防 7. depend_____ 依靠；依赖 8. _____time 及时；终于 9. give birth_____ 产生；分娩 10. cheer _____ 感到高兴；感到振奋11. _____that 既然 12. break _____ 爆发；突发 13 as a_____of由于……的结果 14. get close _____ 靠近 15. be harmful _____ 对……有害 16. prevent …_____ 阻止，制止 17._____one’s disappointment令某人失望的是 18. cool _____ 冷却 19. come_____ existence开始存在；产生 Ⅲ.重点词汇（旨在提供词汇综合运用材料） 1. lay vt. (laid, laid, laying) 把放下；摆设；铺(地毯) ；产(蛋) lay eggs 下蛋lay sth. aside 把某物放在一边；积蓄（钱） lay sth. down 把某物放下lay the blame on sb.责备某人 lay the table 摆桌子lay emphasis / stress on sth. 把重点放在某事上 [练习] 根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词或翻译。 1). The bird ______ its eggs in other birds’ nests. 2). He is a political leader that _____ _____ _____ _____ (非常强调) individual responsibility. 3). He ______ some money ______ for rainy days. 2. harmful adj. 有害的；伤害的harm n.&vt. 伤害（某人）harmless adj. 无害的harmlessness n. 无害be harmful to sb./sth. 对……有害do harm to sb.= do sb. harm = harm sb. 对…… 有害；伤害…… There is (no) harm in (sb.‘s) doing sth.(某人)做某事有(无)害处。 [练习] 根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词或翻译。 1). Everyone knows that smoking is ______ to your health. 2). In many cases, too much care for children from parents might even do ______ to their growth. 3). 在阳光下看书对你的眼睛伤害很大。________________________________________________ 3. exist vi. 存在；生存existence n. 存在existent adj. 存在的，现存的