2018-2019年上海交大附中高一上英语期末

21. A gingko tree ________ to be around 3800 years old was recently discovered in Hebei Province.

A. was believed

B. that believed

C. believed

D. being believed

22.________ almost my entire professional life researching black holes, I finally came up with a better

understanding of them.

A. Having spent

B. Spending

C. Spent

D. To spend

23.By the time she ________ home to Belgium three months later, her outlook ________ completely.

A. returned…changed

B. had returned…changed

C. had returned…had changed

D. returned…had changed

24.The public is shocked at the news of that famous college ________ all the students’ information

________ to several private companies during the year of 2015-2017.

A. having…to be sold

B. to have…selling

C. having…sold

D. had…to sell

25.The evidence means the family of Mr. Warrick is one step closer ________ what happened to their son

on that night.

A. to finding out

B. to find out

C. to be finding out

D. finding out

26.________ by the new rule that was approved last month, the company is looking for a new way to

expand their market share.

A. Guiding

B. Being guided

C. To be guided

D. Guided

27.Wouldn’t you rather your child ________ to bed early?

A. go

B. went

C. would go

D. goes

28.Do you feel like you ________ alone so that you can’t care for someone else?

A. are too used to being

B. used to being

C. are too used to be

D. too used to being

29.They ________ by air this morning for all flights were canceled due to the heavy fog.

A. shouldn’t have left

B. mustn’t have left

C. can’t have left

D. might not have left

30.________ this entirely new, cutting-edge design in the latest model of our car, we have repeatedly

tested and demonstrated its feasibility.

A. Including

B. Included

C. Being included

D. To include

31.________ in the battle this morning, we sent the soldier to hospital in a hurry.

A. Being badly wounded

B. Since he was badly wounded

C. Badly wounded

D. Since badly wounded

32.Get yourself ________ more, and always let everything you do ________ as if it makes a difference.

A. to achieve…done

B. to achieving…done

C. to achieve…to done

D. to achieving…to be done

33.He was lying on the grass, his hands ________ under his head.

A. crossed

B. being crossed

C. crossing

D. were crossed

34.Who is knocking at the door? ________ it be your guest?

A. Can

B. Shall

C. May

D. Must

35.Making decisions ________ by personal emotions creates an unhealthy work environment that harms

the success of the supervisor, the employee, and the organization.

A. being driven

B. having been driven

C. driven

D. driving

36.This hand-decorated plate, ________ 14 inches ________, with seven blooming flowers in the middle,

is said to be a gift from King Alexandra.

A. measured…across

B. measuring…across

C. measured…broad

D. measuring…broad

37.Although there is still some time, the researchers are doing all they can ________ the problem facing

the local citizens.

A. to solve

B. to solving

C. solve

D. solving

38.It is believed that many Christmas traditions ________ Germany.

A. was originated in

B. originated in

C. originating in

D. was originating in

39.________ discussing the issue with our professor, we thought of several ways to handle it.

A. During

B. On

C. In

D. At

40.________, the investor always intends to create output, to increase productivity, and to make money.

A. Whatever the case

B. However is the case

C. Whatever is the case

D. However the case it is

41.Many traditions are connected with Christmas. For children, the most important one is ________ of

receiving gifts.

A. one

B. that

C. the ones

D. it

42.In spite of failing to save every endangered species, we may ________ the majority from extinction.

A. serve

B. preserve

C. deserve

D. observe

43.The ________ expressed their anger against the local government’s plans about how to solve the

________.

A. people present…problems present

B. people present…present problems

C. present people…problems present

D. present people…present problems

44.It’s going to be a memorial park soon because some ________ of the soldiers who died in 1942

defending the city are said to be under the ground there.

A. remains

B. ruins

C. damages

D. maintains

45.She spent the afternoon ________ on her back in water.

A. flowing

B. lying

C. drowning

D. floating

46.I hope that my lessons ________ in my students’ lives.

A. are reflected well

B. serve a purpose

C. have been around

D. have their origin

47.Before you recommend the books, you’d better make it clear how many categories they ________.

A. fall into

B. fall on

C. fall over

D. fall behind

48.Families will usually decorate their garden ________ shining colored lights and their house ________

bright colors.

A. with…through

B. in…with

C. with…in

D. in…in

Section B

(A)

One of the world’s largest flowers, known as the “corpse(尸体) flower”, will bloom at the Toronto Zoo

– a first for the zoo and the city.

The corpse flower, officially titled Amorphophallus Titanum, has been recorded as having the world’s tallest bloom. The Corpse Flower smells like a rotting corpse, and it looks like it belongs in the movie Avatar. People would (49)________ that the smell helps prevent it from being eaten, but, despite this defense mechanism, the plant is still very rare. According to the IUCN, it’s a(n) (50)________ species. It’s not actually one big flower, but thousands upon thousands of little male and female flowers. These exude(分泌) oils, while the center will collect heat. The heat causes the oils to create the smell that attracts the beetles that pollinate the flower. In case you were (51)________, a mature plant can weigh 200 pounds.

For the first time ever the corpse flower will bloom at the Toronto Zoo, with officials (52)________ the majority of the plant’s specimens to bloom in the next two weeks.

“This species only blooms for 8 to 36 hours and this is the first time the kind of flower has bloomed in the Greater Toronto Area, and the fifth time one has bloomed within Canada!” the Zoo said in a statement.

One of the six specimens of the smelly plant, under the (53)________ of the Zoo’s horticulture(园艺) division, has begun its early bloom – four years ahead of schedule.

The corpse plant, (54)________ to the Indonesian island of Sumatra, can take six to ten years to (55)________ its first flower, a zoo keeper said.

The Toronto Zoo has continued to keep the public (56)________ of the status of the flower and when it’s projected to bloom. The zoo will (57)________ viewing hours in its Greenhouse during the plant’s bloom period.

The corpse plant that has started its early bloom, dubbed “Pablo “Pe-ew” Caso”, is expected to bloom towards the end of the week.

“It’s a big event and we’re very excited here at the Toronto Zoo,” said Paul Gellatly, a gardener at the zoo. Facebook users have also expressed excitement over the anticipation for the plant’s bloom period. “Anxiously waiting for the (58)________! It’s amazing!” one Facebook user wrote on the zoo’s page.

(B)

Mount Tai, located north of Tai’an in Shandong province, is the most sacred(神圣的) Taoist mountain and is of both historical and cultural significance in China.

The word tai in Chinese means stability and peace, and the name Tai’an is from the saying “If Mount Tai is stable, so is the entire country.” Jade Emperor Peak, the summit of Mount Tai with an altitude of 1,545

meters, offers tourists a(n) (59)________ bird’s eye view of the city of Tai’an.

Among China’s Five Great Mountains, Mount Tai, known as the eastern mountain, is only the third highest. Why is it regarded as the leader of the Five Great Mountains, then? In Chinese culture, east is

(60)________ as a sacred direction, since it is where the sun and the moon rise. Therefore, Mount Tai is

(61)________ with sunrise, birth and renewal(复兴).

Moreover, Mount Tai has been a place of worship for at least 3,000 years and (62)________ as one of the most essential (63)________ centers in China. According to records, a total of 72 emperors (64)________ sacrifices to heaven and earth on Mount Tai in history. Among them, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty visited Mount Tai eight times. It was the first and foremost thing for emperors to do when they came into power, because Mount Tai was seen as the symbol of the kingdom’s peace and prosperity.

The supreme impressive (65)________ of Mount Tai had been praised by lots of great historical (66)________, such as Confucius, Li Bai and Du Fu. From the time of Confucius till today, countless poems and essays depicting Mount Tai in praise have been (67)________, leaving a great many cultural relics(遗迹) on the mountain. In 1987, Mount Tai was listed as both a World Natural Heritage site and a World Cultural Heritage site by UNESCO. Nowadays, many (68)________ scholars still come to Mount Tai to get inspiration for poems, essays, paintings and pictures.

III. Reading Comprehension

Section A

Xing Tonghe(邢同和), who graduated from Architecture department, Tong Ji University of Shanghai in 1962, is now the Director of Xing Tonghe Design Studio and Director of Shanghai World EXPO’s.

Xing Tonghe has taken charge of more than 300 projects in the past 50 years. His works have been granted more than 30 (69)________ as national, ministry or municipal(市级的) outstanding design. In the past years, he has also been in charge of the work of planning and designing Shanghai APEC conference hall, 2010 World EXPO Shanghai planning and so on. Xing Tonghe won the title of Distinguished Middle Age and Young Experts of China in 1988, and Municipal Key Project Contribution competition prize for continuous 3 times. Among his works, “the Shanghai Museum” was (70)________ as the “World City Distinguished Modern Architecture Design”.

The Shanghai Museum, dating back to 1952, moved to its current location in 1995. The building is by Xing Tonghe of Xiandai Architectural Design Group, which is responsible for a(n) (71)________ 70% of Shanghai’s new developments.

The museum has a(n) (72)________ of over 120,000 pieces, including bronze, ceramics, calligraphy, furniture, jades, ancient coins, paintings, seals, sculptures, minority art and foreign art. The Shanghai Museum (73)________ several items of national importance, including one “transparent” bronze mirror from the Han Dynasty.

The new building is a modern (74)________ of the ancient Chinese cosmological(宇宙的) view, from the Han dynasty 2200 years ago or earlier, that Heaven is round and the earth beneath is square. For a fifteenth century display of the same idea see Beijing’s Temple of Heaven; for a different contemporary understanding see the Shanghai Grand Theater opposite the museum.

The form is also considered to be (75)________ to the Chinese ding, a bronze food container, but this is (76)________ by the architect as the main inspiration.

Within the square base, Xing (77)________ a new philosophy and argues that the museum represents a (78)________ on museum design:

“In the past, it was thought that the owner or managers were the (79)________ of the museum and we are afraid that people might visit the museum and destroy the (80)________. That’s why so many old museums have railings for protection.

I made the change. (81)________ should be the host; cultural relics belong to people, so I trust them. So we light up the halls to (82)________ the display, instead of lighting the passageways. And we don’t (83)________ people, either. They can choose which part they want to see first. Lots of new museums in China has embraced this idea now.”

69. A. awards B. rewards C. praises D. ranks

70. A. thought about B. thought over C. thought of D. thought out

71. A. separated B. estimated C. considered D. valued

72. A. source B. resource C. gallery D. collection

73. A. houses B. conceals C. handles D. provides

74. A. translation B. transformation C. interpretation D. operation

75. A. similar B. familiar C. peculiar D. particular

76. A. denied B. declined C. accepted D. supplied

77. A. adapts B. adopts C. adjusts D. approves

78. A. reference B. recycle C. recall D. reflection

79. A. visitors B. designers C. hosts D. architects

80. A. exhibits B. objections C. exhibitions D. decorations

81. A. Staff B. Spectators C. Audience D. Observer

82. A. demonstrate B. illustrate C. clarify D. highlight

83. A. dominate B. restrict C. limit D. require

Section B

(A)

How Plants Branch Out to Access Water

New research has discovered how plant roots sense the availability of water in soil and then adapt their shape to acquire water. The discovery could enable crops to be bred which are more adaptive to changes in climate conditions, such as water scarcity, and help ensure food security in the future.

These findings, published in the journal Science, describe a new mechanism discovered by cooperating teams at the universities of Nottingham and Durham.

Roots are critical for plants to acquire water and nutrients from the soil. Water is essential for plant growth, yet changing climatic conditions makes acquiring water from soil even more challenging. Plants are able to adapt to different soil moisture(湿润) conditions by altering their root architecture, but up until now, it was not understood how this is done.

The researchers discovered that plant roots lacking a branching master gene were no longer able to branch out. They found that when roots are exposed to moisture, the certain gene remains active and promotes root branching, but when exposed to air, the gene is inactivated, blocking root branching.

Professor Sadanandom explained: “Plants are relatively immobile and therefore their growth is very much dependent on their environment. Our research has identified the particular protein which can inactivate root branching, therefore limiting plant growth and development.”

“This is hugely exciting as it opens up the possibility for us to help develop plants that could continue to branch roots even in challenging conditions such as water scarcity.”

Professor Bennett concluded: “Water is critical for plant growth, development and their survival. By studying how plant roots change their branching in response to water availability, we have uncovered a novel mechanism. This represents a major step forward and opens the way for breeders to develop new crops better adapted to climate change and helping deliver global food security.”

It is absolutely imperative to ensure food security worldwide. Crop production must double by 2050 to keep pace with global population growth. This target is even more challenging given the impact of climate change on water availability and the drive to reduce fertilizers to make agriculture become more environmentally sustainable. In both cases, developing crops with better ability to acquire water would provide a solution.

84.The findings of the research may have a positive effect on several global issues EXCEPT ________.

A. solving water scarcity

B. increasing crop production

C. preserving the agriculture

D. ensuring food security

85.With the help of the findings, plants may be able to _________.

A. branch out without a special gene

B. grow in challenging conditions

C. alter inactivated roots

D. breed soluble nutrients

86.Which of the following is closest to the meaning of “imperative” in the last paragraph?

A. fascinating

B. influential

C. enormous

D. urgent

87.What is the new mechanism mentioned by Professor Bennett?

A. Why plants have different abilities to adapt to soil moisture conditions.

B. How a branching master gene responds to a particular fertilizer.

C. How plant roots alter their shape according to the soil moisture.

D. How the particular protein inactivates root branching when exposed to water.

(B)

Four Little-known European Destinations

Everyone’s heard of Europe’s major tourist destinations and rightly so – after all, Amsterdam, Berlin, Paris and Rome are all famous for a reason. But there are still numerous cities and regions that aren’t even mentioned on typical European “to--do” lists. The following destinations offer a perfect reason to step slightly off the beaten track.

Innsbruck, Austria

Buried at the foot of the towering Alps, the Austrian city of Innsbruck offers guests a chance to appreciate a blend of old and new. The old town dates back over 800 years, and provides a glimpse at Medieval life in the region, while the modern Home of the Giant, a massive center of arts, entertainment and shopping, is the largest of its kind in the world. Within the center is the stunning Swarovskio Crystal Cloud. During winter months, tourists can participate in various alpine activities. Skiing, snowboarding and many other sports are offered on the nearby slopes; during summer, the area provides a perfect site for rock climbing and hiking. Nature lovers can visit the Alpine Zoo, while history lovers can get lost in the many museums and galleries the town has to offer.

Tallinn, Estonia

Located in Estonia and rarely featured as a must-see destination, Tallinn, nonetheless, offers a

fascinating chance to relive history in one of Europe’s lesser-visited nations. A vibrant city that frequently hosts festivals of various genres, Tallinn is home to the expansive Kumu Art Museum, which has got both classic and contemporary pieces, and the Open Air Museum, a recreated historic village complete with staff in ancient costumes. To add a brilliant final touch to the Estonian experience, visitors should listen for the haunting sounds of the organ from one of the many churches around the city.

Cinque Terre, Italy

A UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1997, the villages of Cinque Terre have a range of activities for everyone. Outdoor enthusiasts can opt to dive or snorkel(潜水) in the marine park, and anyone chasing nature can watch the birdlife in the Riomaggiore’s Torre Guardiola. Manarola is famous for producing Sciacchetra wine, and another village, Vernazza, is known for its cobbled(铺有鹅卵石的) street and various laneways. Vernazza is also home to the Gothic-Ligurian church, which was built in 1318.

Zadar, Croatia

Full of creative architecture and full of history, the city of Zadar in Croatia continues to fascinate visitors year after year. The famous Wide Street, which is even older than the city itself is a reminder of the Roman influence on the area. The Museum of Ancient Glass has a vast collection of Roman glassware from the commanding 19th-century Cosmacendi Palace.

88.What’s the purpose of the passage?

A. To explain why the four places are “off the beaten track”.

B. To compare the four places with Europe’s major tourist destinations.

C. To require the four places to be added on typical European “to-do” lists.

D. To illustrate the unique attractions worth seeing in the four places.

89.Which of the following is NOT right based on the passage?

A. Innsbruck is a charming city, drawing natural explorers, art lovers and shopaholics.

B. In the Open Air Museum, visitors may experience history with the staff dressed in clothes of ancient

times.

C. Cinque Terre provides an access to exciting outdoor activities and relaxing cultural tour.

D. The Wide Street reflects the Roman influence on the city of Zadar for it’s even older than the city

itself.

90.Mr. Smith is a nature lover keen on various activities while Mrs. Smith is a religious person eager to

visit beautiful churches. Which of the following places do you suggest to the couple for a holiday?

A. Innsbruck, Austria

B. Tallinn, Estonia

C. Cinque Terre, Italy

D. Zadar, Croatia

(C)

The Fertile Rainforest Soils in Amazon

Low-level slash-and-burn(刀耕火种) farming doesn’t harm rainforest. On the contrary, it helps farmers and improves forest soils. This is the unorthodox(非正统的) view of a German soil scientist who has shown that burnt clearings in the Amazon, dating back more than 1,000 years, helped create patches of rich, fertile soil that farmers still benefit from today.

Most rainforest soils are thin and poor because they lack minerals and because the heat and heavy rainfall destroy most organic matter in the soils within four years of it reaching the forest floor. It means topsoil contains few of the ingredients needed for long-term successful farming.

But Bruno Glaser, a soil scientist of the University of Bayreuth, has studied unexpected patches of fertile soils in the central Amazon. These soils contain lots of organic matter.

Glaser has shown that most of this fertile organic matter comes from “black carbon”, the organic particles from camp fires and charred(烧焦的) wood left over from thousands of years of slash-and-burn farming. “The soils, known as Terra Preta, contained up to 70 times more black carbon than the surrounding soil,” says Glaser.

Unburnt vegetation rots quickly, but black carbon persists in the soil for many centuries. Radiocarbon dating shows that the charred wood in Terra Preta soils is typically more than 1,000 years old.

“Slash-and-burn farming can be good for soils provided it doesn’t completely burn all the vegetation, and leaves behind charred wood,” says Glaser. “It can be better than manure(粪肥). Burning the forest just once can leave behind enough black carbon to keep the soil fertile for thousands of years. And rainforests easily regrow after small-scale clearing. Contrary to the conventional view that human activities damage the environment,” Glaser says: “Black carbon combined with human waste is responsible for the richness of Terra Preta soils.”

Terra Preta soils turn up in large patches all over the Amazon, where they are highly prized by farmers. All the patches fall within 500 square kilometers in the central Amazon. Glaser says the widespread presence of pottery confirms the soil’s human origins. The findings add weight to the theory that large areas of the Amazon have recovered so well from past periods of agricultural use that the regrowth has been mistaken by generations of biologists for “virgin” forest.

During the past decade, researchers have discovered hundreds of large earth works deep in the jungle. They are up to 20 meters high and cover up to a square kilometer. Glaser claims that these earth works, built between AD 400 and 1400, were at the heart of urban civilizations. Now it seems the richness of the Terra Preta soils may explain how such civilizations managed to feed themselves.

91.According to the passage, it is generally believed that _______.

A. slash-and-burn farming betters the forest soils

B. slash-and-burn farming reduces the black carbon in the soils

C. slash-and-burn framing does harm to the forest soils

D. slash-and-burn farming damages the minerals in the soils

92.Why are most rainforest soils thin and poor?

A. The topsoil contains a relatively small number of the ingredients.

B. Most organic matter is missing because of the heat and heavy rain.

C. A majority part of soils are likely to be washed away by heavy rain.

D. Black carbon and human waste negatively impact the soil to a great extent.

93.Glaser claims that rainforests will recover ________.

A. when the vegetation is burnt completely

B. if there is no slash-and-burn farming

C. at a slow rate after small-scale burning

D. readily after small-scale burning

94.Which of the following statement is probably true according to the passage?

A. Amazon rainforest soils used to be the richest in the world.

B. Human activities will do great damage to rainforests.

C. There once existed an urban civilization in the Amazon rainforests.

D. Farming is responsible for the destruction of the Amazon rainforests.

第II卷

I. Blank Filling

1.Certainly, US monetary policy ________ (intend) to address both financial and economic issues in the

US.

2.My sister said she heard Jerry ________ (sing) a song of Jay Chou at the singing competition and won

the first prize.

3.While gingko trees can live for a long time, they are not even near ________ (be) the oldest trees.

4.These are the doctors ________ (send) to the war-torn area for the relief effort next week.

5.The department manager was unemployed after ________ (accuse) of taking the company belongings

for himself.

6.Angkor Wat, the pride of Cambodia, is believed ________ (discover) again in 1858.

7.________ (find) some leisure time to take a boat trip, and you will be attracted by the beautiful scenery

along the Li River.

8.In 2015, an unknown Chinese scientist at Sun Yat-Sen University was the first one ________ (edit) the

DNA of human embryos(胚胎), which caused a great controversy.

II. Translation

Section A

1.The path ________________(蜿蜒曲折) through the mountains.

2.________________(说到恶性循环) that the country has fallen into, we must take measures to stop it.

3.When she was preparing for the presentation, she ________________________(她收集了一些关于

这座体育场的信息)

4.________________________(创造力是因人而异的), so we shouldn’t ask every member of the team

to come up with brilliant new ideas.

5.For its protection, ________________________(admit 每天只有一百名游客允许进入) the old

house.

6.Those officials believe that ________________________(accessible 有些决策不应该让公众知晓)

7.The children ________________________(leave 把他们的衣服挂在门边) and ran to play football

on the playground.

8.After enjoying the main course, they ________________________(round 用节日的特色菜来结束

这顿晚餐)

Section B

1.政府要求博物馆的装修在年底前完成。(demand)

2.关于如何画好一幅山水画，她终于想到了一个不错的点子。(take shape)

3.从远处看，这栋雄伟的建筑物像一座有着悠久历史的宫殿一般。(see)

4.这件文物代表着西藏文明，这就是它出现在这本旅游手册上的原因。(reason)

参考答案

21-25 CADCB26-30 DAACD

31-35 BAACC36-40 BABAD

41-45BBBAD46-48BAC

49.A 50. C 51. AD 52. AC 53. BD 54. B 55. ABC

56. CD 57. BC 58. D

59. BC 60. AB 61. CD 62. AC 63. A 64. ABC 65. D 66. BD 67. C 68. AD

69. A 70. C 71. B 72. D 73. A 74. C 75. A 76. A 77. B 78. D 79. C 80. A 81. B 82. D 83. B

84. C 85. B 86. D 87. C

88. D 89. D 90. C

91. A 92. B 93. D 94. C

1. was intended

2. sing

3. being

4. to be sent

5. being accused

6. to be discovered

7. Find

8. to edit

1. twists and turns

2. Speaking of vicious cycle

3. had collected some information about the stadium

4. Creativity varies from people to people

5. only one hundred visitors are admitted into

6. some policies shouldn’t be accessible to the public

7. left their clothes hung besides the door

8. rounded off the dinner with specialty of the festival.