初中英语语法--倒装句

初中英语语法--倒装句
初中英语语法--倒装句

英语倒装句(Inversion)

主语和谓语是句子的核心,它们之间有两种语序:

一是主语在谓语之前称为自然语序(Natural Order);

二是主语在谓语之后则称为倒装语序(Inverted Order)。

而倒装语序中又有完全倒装(Full Inversion)和部分倒装(Partial Inversion)

完全倒装(Full Inversion):又称"全部倒装",是指将句子中的谓语全部置于主语之前。

此结构通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时。

部分倒装(Partial Inversion):指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态动词倒装至主语之前,而谓语动词无变化。

如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词,则需添加助动词do,does或did,并将其置于主语之前。

英语句子的倒装一是由于语法结构的需要而进行的倒装,二是由于修辞的需要而进行的倒装。前一种情况,倒装是必须的,否则就会出现语法错误;后一种情况,倒装是选择性的,倒装与否只会产生表达效果上的差异。

一)表示强调倒装句最突出、最常见的修辞效果就是强调,其表现形式如下:

1.only +状语或状语从句置于句首,句子用部分倒装。

例子: Only in this way can you solve this problem. 只有用这种方法,你才可以解决这个问题。

Only after he had spoken out the word did he realize he had made a big mistake.

只有当他已经说出那个字后才意识到自己犯了个大错误。

2. hardly,in no way,little,scarcely,seldom,never,no more,no longer,not,not only,no sooner,not only … (but also),not until… 等具有否定意义的词或词组位于句首,句子用部分倒装。

例子: No sooner had I got home than it began to rain. 我刚到家就下起了雨。

Seldom do I go to work by bus. 我很少乘公共汽车上班。

Not until twelve o'clock did she go to bed last night . 她昨晚十二点才上床睡觉。

3. so / such...that结构中的so或such位于句首可以构成部分倒装句,

表示强调so /such和that之间的部分。

例子: So unreasonable was his price that everybody startled. 他的要价太离谱,令每个人都瞠目结舌。

To such length did she go in rehearsal that the two actors walked out.

她的彩排进行得那么长,以致于那两个演员都走出去了。

以上各例都用倒装语序突出了句首成分,其语气较自然语序强烈,因而具有极佳的修辞效果。

4.某些副词开头的句子构成的完全倒装here、there、now、then、thus等副词开头的句子可构成

完全倒装。条件是谓语动词是不及物动词,如arise、be、come、exist、go、follow等。

需要注意的是,当主语是代词时,不能构成倒装。

例子: Here comes our headmaster。我们的校长来了。

Here it is. 在这里。

Here is your key.这是你的钥匙。

二)承上启下

1.为了避免句子部分内容不必要的重复,常用"so+be动词(助动词、情态动词)+主语"

或"neither/nor + be动词(助动词、情态动词)+主语"的倒装句式。

其中第一个句式表示"与前面所述的肯定情况相同",第二个句式表示"与前面所述的否定情况相同"。

例子: A:His brother is(not) a college student; B:so is mine.(nor is mine .)

A:他弟弟(不)是大学生, B:我弟弟也是。(我弟弟也不是。)

A:He used to have his further study abroad; B:so did I.(neither did I.)

A:他曾去国外深造过。 B:我也去过。(我也没有。)

A:One of my friends can speak three foreign languages; B:so can his wife.(neither can his wife .) A:我的一个朋友会说三门外国语。 B:他的妻子也会。(他的妻子也不会。)

2.倒装可把前一句说到的人或物,或与前一句有联系的人或物在下一句紧接着先说出来,

从而使前后两句在意思上的关系更加清楚,衔接更加紧密,起到承上启下的作用。

例子: They broke into her uncle's bedroom and found the man lying on the floor,dead.

Around his head was a brown snake.

他们破门进入她叔叔的卧室,发现他躺在地板上死了。一条棕褐色的蛇缠在他头上。

We really should not resent being called paupers. Paupers we are,and paupers we shall remain.

我们确实不应因为被称作穷光蛋而愤愤不平。我们的确是穷光蛋,而且还会继续是穷光蛋。

三)制造悬念,渲染气氛

在新闻或文学创作中,有时为了内容的需要,或是为了强调,作者常常运用倒装来制造悬念,渲染气氛。如朗费罗(Longfellow)《雪花》中的一节:

Out of the bosom of the Air, 它来自天上。

Out of the cloud-folds of her garments shaken, 叠叠乌云抖衣裳

Over the woodlands brown and bare, 静悄悄,不慌张

Over the harvest-fields forsaken, 绵绵雪花降

Silent,and soft,and slow, 落在光秃秃的棕色树林

Descends the snow. 和收割过的孤寂田野上。

在这一节诗里,诗人就富有创意地运用了倒装。在前五行中,诗人堆砌了七个状语,状语连续出现而主语和谓语却迟迟未露,造成一种悬念效应。全节读罢,读者才对诗歌的主题恍然大悟,因而收到了不同凡响的艺术效果。

四)平衡结构

英语修辞的一个重要原则是尾重原则,即把句子最复杂的成分放在句尾以保持句子平衡。在语言使用中为了避免产生头重脚轻、结构不平衡的句子,我们常采用倒装语序。

1. 以作状语的介词短语开头:当主语较长或主语所带修饰语较长时,为了使句子平衡,

常将状语置于句首,句子用完全倒装语序

例子: 1.A. To the coal mine came a com-pany of PLA soldiers with orders from the headquarters to rescue the trapped miners.

B. A company of PLA soldiers came to the coal mine with orders from the headquarters to rescue

the trapped miners.

一个连队的解放军战士来到了那座煤矿,奉司令部之命解救受困的矿工。

2.A. On the ground lay some air conditioners,which are to be shipped to some other cities.

B. Some air conditioners lay on the ground,which are to be shipped to some other cities.

地上放着一些空调,等着用船运到其他城市去。

例句(2)包含一个非限制性定语从句,B句未倒装,则从句的先行词与引导词which中间被状语分隔开,不易于理解,而A句倒装使得先行词air conditioner与引导词which的关系一目了然。从例句中可看出,采用倒装语序的A句结构平衡稳妥,读起来自然流畅,而采用自然语序的B句结构零乱,读起来也别扭。因而,在主语较长时就应采用倒装语序以取得理想的表达效果。

2. 以表语开头的句子:有时为了把较长的主语放在后面,须将表语和谓语都提到主语前。

例子:Such would be our home in the future. 我们家就将是这个样子。

3. 以副词here,there开头的句子,也采用完全倒装来保持句子平衡。

例子: Here is the letter you have been looking forward to. 你盼望已久的信在这儿。

五)使描写生动

有时为了使叙述或描绘更加生动形象,增加语言效果,可将表示方向的副词(如:down,up,out,in,off,on,away等)或拟声词(bang,crack等)置于句首,句子采用全部倒装的语序(主语为人称代词的句子除外)。

例子: Up went the rocket into the air. 嗖地一声火箭就飞上天了。

Down jumped the criminal from the third floor when the policeman pointed his pistol at him.

当警察把手枪瞄准那个罪犯时,嘭地一下他就从三楼跳了下去。

Boom went the cannon! 轰隆一声大炮开火了!

Bang came another shot! 砰!又是一声枪响!

以上句子简洁明快,生动逼真地描述了有关动作,令我们一览此类倒装的风采。但这种倒装句的修辞功能在语段中可以体现得更为清楚。

“Stop thief! Stop thief!” There is a magic cry in the sound. The tradesman leaves his counter,... Away they run,pell—mell,helter—skelter,yelling—screaming,...

“Stop thief ! Stop thief !” The cry is t aking by a hundred voices,... Away they fly,splashing through the mud,up go the window,out run the people. ( Dickens )

作者在第一段和第二段中分别用副词away,up和out位于句首引出四个倒装句Away they run,Away they fly,up go the window,out run the people。从而制造出一种紧张、急促的气氛,生动地刻画了一个紧张、混乱的捉贼场面。

倒装是英语中一个重要的修辞手段。倒装句的使用丰富了我们的语言表达,了解并掌握倒装句各种句式的用法,不仅会提高我们对英语语言的欣赏能力,对英语表达能力的提高也将大有裨益。因此,写作中适当用一些倒装句式定会使文章表达更生动、有力。

初中英语语法大全——名词

初中英语语法大全——名词 一、名词概述 1.名词的定义 名词是表示人、事物、地点、现象及其他抽象概念等名称的词。英语中的名词有可数名词和不可数名词之分;有其所有格形式;在句子中通常做主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语等。 2.名词的分类 名词分为专有名词和普通名词两类。普通名词又分为个体名词、集体名词、物质名词和抽象名词。个体名词与集体名词多数是可数名词,而物质名词与抽象名词多数是不可数名词。

二、名词的数 名词按照其可数性可以分为可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词是指可以直接计算数目的名词。个体名词和集体名词多数是可数名词;不可数名词是指无法直接用数目计算的词。物质名词和抽象名词多数是不可数名词。 1.可数名词的数 在英语中,可以直接用数字进行计算的名词是可数名词,不能直接用数字进行计算的名词是不可数名词。通常个体名词和集体名词可以用数目来计算,视为可数名词;物质名词和抽象名词往往指泛指的物质或者抽象的概念,不能用具体的数字来表示,视为不可数名词。专有名词往往只指一个人或物,因此没有必要再用具体的数字来修饰,一般也视为不可数名词。

eg: I was having dinner at a restaurant. eg: The two children are playing table tennis in the school. eg: Mr.Black gave us some advice on how to learn English well. eg: Paris is the capital of France. ①规则复数变化形式 可数名词在表示两个或两个以上的概念时需要用复数形式。可数名词单数形式变成复数形式的一般规则如下表:

初中英语语法综合练习题单项选择

初中英语语法综合练习题单项选择 1、The boy likes________questions. A.a s k B.a n s w e r C.t o a s k 2、We'll try________there on time. A.to get B.getting C.got 3、They hoped________their mother soon. A.to see B.saw C.seeing 4、I'm glad________you again. A.meet B.met C.to meet 5、He often helps me_________my bike. A.mending B.to mend C.to mended 6、I heard Alice __________in the next door. A.sings B.sang C.sing 7、The work is easy. Let him ______________it by himself. A.do B.to do C.doing 8、He saw Dick___________in and take a book away. A.came B.coming C.come 9、Does Jack want___________ a writer? A.be B.is C.to be 10、The boss had them___________from morning to night. A.worked B.working C.work 11、It's time___________home. A.to go B.went C.going 12、Tom is kind. He would like___________you. A.to help B.help C.helped 13、Don't forget___________your books to school. A.bring B.to bring C.brought 14、I don't know___________ . A.where does he live B.what is he doing C.where he lives D.what he is dring it 15、Ask him how much___________ . A.did it cost B.cost it C.it costed D.it costs 16、I wonder___________used for. A.what was this room B.which was this room C.what this room was D.that this room was 17、I really don't know___________ . A.where he was born B.where he is born C.where was he born D.where is he born 18、We have no idea___________ . A.how worried was he B.how worried he was C.that was he worried D.what was he worried 19、He wanted to know___________there. A.how long time I had been B.how long had I been C.how long I had been D.how long I was 20、My mother wants to know___________ . A.how is Tom getting along B.how he is getting along C.what is he getting along D.what he is getting along 21、What shall we do___________it rains tomorrow? A.if B.when C.since 22、The doctor didn't have a rest ___________the operation was over.

初中英语语法大全知识点总结

英语语法大全 初中英语语法 学习提纲 一、词类、句子成分和构词法: 1、词类:英语词类分十种: 名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。 1、名词(n.):表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。如:boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange. 2、代词(pron.):主要用来代替名词。如:who, she, you, it . 3、形容词(adj..):表示人或事物的性质或特征。如:good, right, white, orange . 4、数词(num.):表示数目或事物的顺序。如:one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth. 5、动词(v.):表示动作或状态。如:am, is,are,have,see . 6、副词(adv.):修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时间、地点、程度等。如:now, very, here, often, quietly, slowly. 7、冠词(art..):用在名词前,帮助说明名词。如:a, an, the. 8、介词(prep.):表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。如in, on, from, above, behind. 9、连词(conj.):用来连接词、短语或句子。如and, but, before . 10、感叹词(interj..)表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。如:oh, well, hi, hello. 2、句子成分:英语句子成分分为七种:主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。 1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。通常用名词或代词担任。如:I’m Miss Green.(我是格林小姐) 2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。主要由动词担任。如:Jack cleans the room every day. (杰克每天打扫房间) 3、表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。通常由名词、代词 或形容词担任。如:My name is Ping ping .(我的名字叫萍萍) 4、宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果,回答做的是“什么”。通常由名词或代词担任。如:He can spell the word.(他能拼这个词) 有些及物动词带有两个宾语,一个指物,一个指人。指物的叫直接宾语,指人的叫间接宾语。间 接宾语一般放在直接宾语的前面。如:He wrote me a letter . (他给我写了一封信) 有时可把介词to或for加在间接宾语前构成短语,放在直接宾语后面,来强调间接宾语。如: He wrote a letter to me . (他给我写了一封信) 5、定语修饰名词或代词,通常由形容词、代词、数词等担任。如:

初中英语语法--倒装句教学总结

英语倒装句(Inversion) 主语和谓语是句子的核心,它们之间有两种语序: 一是主语在谓语之前称为自然语序(Natural Order); 二是主语在谓语之后则称为倒装语序(Inverted Order)。 而倒装语序中又有完全倒装(Full Inversion)和部分倒装(Partial Inversion) 完全倒装(Full Inversion):又称"全部倒装",是指将句子中的谓语全部置于主语之前。 此结构通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时。 部分倒装(Partial Inversion):指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态动词倒装至主语之前,而谓语动词无变化。 如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词,则需添加助动词do,does或did,并将其置于主语之前。 英语句子的倒装一是由于语法结构的需要而进行的倒装,二是由于修辞的需要而进行的倒装。前一种情况,倒装是必须的,否则就会出现语法错误;后一种情况,倒装是选择性的,倒装与否只会产生表达效果上的差异。 一)表示强调倒装句最突出、最常见的修辞效果就是强调,其表现形式如下: 1.only +状语或状语从句置于句首,句子用部分倒装。 例子: Only in this way can you solve this problem. 只有用这种方法,你才可以解决这个问题。 Only after he had spoken out the word did he realize he had made a big mistake. 只有当他已经说出那个字后才意识到自己犯了个大错误。 2. hardly,in no way,little,scarcely,seldom,never,no more,no longer,not,not only,no sooner,not only … (but also),not until… 等具有否定意义的词或词组位于句首,句子用部分倒装。 例子: No sooner had I got home than it began to rain. 我刚到家就下起了雨。 Seldom do I go to work by bus. 我很少乘公共汽车上班。 Not until twelve o'clock did she go to bed last night . 她昨晚十二点才上床睡觉。 3. so / such...that结构中的so或such位于句首可以构成部分倒装句, 表示强调so /such和that之间的部分。 例子: So unreasonable was his price that everybody startled. 他的要价太离谱,令每个人都瞠目结舌。 To such length did she go in rehearsal that the two actors walked out. 她的彩排进行得那么长,以致于那两个演员都走出去了。 以上各例都用倒装语序突出了句首成分,其语气较自然语序强烈,因而具有极佳的修辞效果。 4.某些副词开头的句子构成的完全倒装here、there、now、then、thus等副词开头的句子可构成 完全倒装。条件是谓语动词是不及物动词,如arise、be、come、exist、go、follow等。 需要注意的是,当主语是代词时,不能构成倒装。 例子: Here comes our headmaster。我们的校长来了。 Here it is. 在这里。 Here is your key.这是你的钥匙。 二)承上启下 1.为了避免句子部分内容不必要的重复,常用"so+be动词(助动词、情态动词)+主语" 或"neither/nor + be动词(助动词、情态动词)+主语"的倒装句式。 其中第一个句式表示"与前面所述的肯定情况相同",第二个句式表示"与前面所述的否定情况相同"。 例子: A:His brother is(not) a college student; B:so is mine.(nor is mine .) A:他弟弟(不)是大学生, B:我弟弟也是。(我弟弟也不是。) A:He used to have his further study abroad; B:so did I.(neither did I.) A:他曾去国外深造过。 B:我也去过。(我也没有。) A:One of my friends can speak three foreign languages; B:so can his wife.(neither can his wife .) A:我的一个朋友会说三门外国语。 B:他的妻子也会。(他的妻子也不会。)

初中英语语法代词专项练习

代词 ①单项选择。(人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词和疑问代词) 1. ____ is she? She's a nurse. A. Who B. Where C. Which D. What 2. ____ is Tom like? Oh, he's short. A. Which B. Who C. What D. Whom 3. ____ cap is that? A. Who's B. Who C. Whose D. Where 4. ____ is no use telling him about that. A. This B. That C. These D. It 5. The three men, Bob, Joe and ____ met at the station. A. I B. me C. her D. you 6. ____ have been to Paris. A. I, you and he B. He, you and I C. You, he and I D. You, he and me 7. My brother is so young that he can't take care of ____ . A. him B. herself C. himself D. his 8. The young teacher teaches ____ politics. A. us B. our C. ours D. ourself 9. Our work is not so good as ____ . A. him B. he C. his D. he's 10. Has Jack got the money? Yes, I gave ____ yesterday. A .to him them B. to him if C. him them D. it to him 11. How hard ____ works! A. we B .him C. he D. his 12. Won't you let ____ help you? A. I and my friend B. my friend and I C. my friend and me D. my friend and I to 13. He asked the three men, Bob, Joe and ____ to be ready. A. I B. himself C. me D. herself 14. All my classmates are going to the Summer Palace except ____ . A. he and I B. he and me C. him and I D. him and me 15. Go ____ to ____! A. here, us B. there, they C. there, them D. here, we 16. The moon is shining brightly tonight .____ is like a round plate. A. Its B. He C. She D. They 17. He is as tall as ____ . A. she B. her C. him D. himself 18. If I were ____ , I would take the advice. A. she B. her C. he D. his 19. Open the door. please? It's ____ . A. I B. my C. mine D. me

初中英语语法大全汇总

初中英语语法大全汇总 (一) 一.词类( ) 名词英文名称(缩写为n.) 表示人或事物的名称例词等 冠词英文名称(缩写为.) 用在名词前帮助说明名词所指的人和或事物。例词a() 代词英文名称(缩写为) 用来代替名词、形容词或是数词例词 形容词英文名称(缩写为.) 用以修饰名词,表示人或事物的特征 例词. 数词英文名称(缩写为.) 表示数量或是顺序。例词 动词英文名称(缩写为v.) 表示动作或状态。例词() 副词英文名称(缩写为.) 修饰动词、形容词或其他副词。例词 介词英文单词(缩写为.) 表示名词、代词等和句中其他词的关系。例词. 连词英文单词(缩写为.) 用来连接词与词、短语与短语或句与句。例词. 感叹词英文单词(缩写为.) 表示说话时的喜悦、惊讶等情感。例词. 二.名词() 1.总的说来,名词分专有名词和普通名词两类。 专有名词: 表示具体的人,事物,地点或机构的专有名称。 中国亚洲北京。 专有名词的第一个字母要大写。 普通名词: 表示某些人,某类事物,某种物质或抽象概念的名称。例如: 老师茶改革 普通名词又可进一步分为四类 1) 个体名称: 表示单个的人和事物。 马汽车房间苹果风扇照片 2) 集体名称: 表示一群人或一些事物的名称。 人们家庭军队政府集团 3) 物质名词:表示物质或不具备确定形状和大小的个体的物质。 火钢空气水牛奶 4)抽象名词:表示动作,状态,品质或其他抽象概念。 劳动健康生活友情耐力 2.名词按其所表现的事物的性质分为可数名词和不可数名词。 可数名词( )有复数形式,如: a 不可数名词( )一般没有复数形式. 抽象名词, 物质名词和专有名词一般是不可数名词。 沙糖 有少数名词即可作可数名词,也可作不可数名词,但含义不同。 玻璃玻璃杯纸报纸,文件 名词的功能 名词在句中作主语, 宾语,介词宾语,宾语补助语,表语以及名词短语作状语。

初中英语语法 知识点(全)

七年级(上) 1.family name = last name 姓first name = given name 名字 2. 用某种语言用介词in (如in English) 3. 电话用语中this that 回答 “Is that Mr.H” “Yes,it is” 4.hat 有边沿的帽子cap 有帽舌的帽子 5.名词的复数形式:①一般+s ②s,x,ch,sh,结尾的+es ③辅音字母+y 去y为I,+es ④o结尾,除了negro hero tomato potato +es,其余+s ⑥特殊名词复数形式 6.应对道谢You are welcome = That’s all right =That’s OK = Not at all = It’s my pleasure. 7.Here you are = Here it is = It is here 倒装句here +be +名词here +代词+be 8.in 年月季节on 日星期几节日at 钟点 9.join 参加加入(团体组织)take part in 参加(活动) 10. be busy doing 11.be strict with sb be strict in sth 12.bring+人或物+to +地点把…带到某地 bring+人或物+for+人给某人带来… 13. start doing start +名词 start to do的情况:主语是物不是人;start本身为starting时;其后的动词与想法感情有关14.what time is it?=what’s time?询问钟点回答:It is….(一律) 单词:trumpet喇叭racket(网球羽毛球)球拍plural复数,复数形式,复数的ninth第九furniture家具February二月eraser橡皮擦dresser梳妆台 drum鼓documentary纪录片description描述broccoli花椰菜biology生物学 comedy喜剧singular单数plural复数 七年级(下) 1.hear from sb. 收到…的来信 2.be friendly to 对…友好 3.another 另一,再一 other 其他的,别的(无范围)+名词(复数) the other 两个中的另一个(通常搭配one…the other…) others 其他的人或物(代词) the others 多个中的剩余几个(不加名词,通常搭配some….the others…) 4.what+be+主语?=what do/does+主语+do?询问职业 5.be surprised + at sth./to do sth./句子 6.in the corner 屋里某个角落 on the corner = at the corner 街头某个拐角处 7.every day 每天(状语)everyday 日常每天的adj.+ n.. 8. in the tree 在树上(非树本身的一部分)on the tree 在树上(树上的一部分) 9.in hospital 住院in the hospital 在医院工作 10. agree with sb agree to sth 答应agree on/upon/about 达成一致意见 11.tell…from…把…与…区别开来

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初中中考英语语法 (名词篇) 语法总述: 名词篇: 名词的种类:英语名词可分专有名词和普通名词两大类: 1、专有名词是个别的人、地、物、团体、机构等的专用名称。 专有名词中实词的第一个字母要大写。如:Jilin, Tom, China, (1)零冠词,如Yale University,Beijing Railway Station,是由专有名词+普通名词组成,往往为并列关系。 (2)定冠词,如the United States,the Great Wall,由形容词+普通名词组成。 (3) 姓氏名如果采用复数形式,则表示该姓氏一家人(复数含义),如:the Greens( 格林一家人)。 2、普通名词是许多人或事物的共有名称。 普通名词又可进一步分为四类 1) 个体名称: 表示单个的人和事物。 house 马car 汽车room 房间apple 苹果fun 风扇picture 照片 2) 集体名称: 表示一群人或一些事物的名称。 people 人们 family 家庭 army 军队government 政府 group 集团 3) 物质名词:表示物质或不具备确定形状和大小的个体的物质。 fire 火 steel 钢air 空气water 水milk 牛奶 4)抽象名词:表示动作,状态,品质或其他抽象概念。

labour 劳动health 健康life 生活friendship友情patience耐力 3. 普通名词又分为可数名词和不可数名词。 可数名词是可以用简单的数词进行计数的名词,如: box, child, orange; 不可数名词是不可以用简单的数词进行计数的名词。如:water, news, oil, population, information . 4、英语可数名词的单复数:英语可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。 1. 规则名词的复数形式:

初中英语语法 一般将来时练习题

一、单项选择 ( ) 1. There __________ a meeting tomorrow afternoon. A. will be going to B. will going to be C. is going to be D. will go to be ( ) 2. Charlie ________ here next month. A. isn't working B. doesn't working C. isn't going to working D. won't work ( ) 3. He ________ very busy this week, he ________ free next week. A. will be; is B. is; is C. will be; will be D. is; will be ( ) 4. There ________ a dolphin show in the zoo tomorrow evening. A. was B. is going to have C. will have D. is going to be ( ) 5. -_____ you ______ free tomorrow? - No. I _____ free the day after tomorrow. A. Are; going to; will B. Are; going to be; will C. Are; going to; will be D. Are; going to be; will be ( ) 6. Mother ________ me a nice present on my next birthday. A. will gives B. will give C. gives D. give ( ) 7. - Shall I buy a cup of tea for you? -________. (不,不要。) A. No, you won't. B. No, you aren't. C. No, please don't. D. No, please. ( ) 8. - Where is the morning paper? - I ________ if for you at once. A. get B. am getting C. to get D. will get ( ) 9. ________ a concert next Saturday? A. There will be B. Will there be C. There can be D. There are ( ) 10. If they come, we ________ a meeting. A. have B. will have C. had D. would have ( ) 11. He ________ her a beautiful hat on her next birthday. A. gives B. gave C. will giving D. is going to giving ( ) 12. He ________ to us as soon as he gets there. A. writes B. has written C. will write D. wrote ( ) 13. He ________ in three days. A. coming back B. came back C. will come back D. is going to coming back ( ) 14. If it ________ tomorrow, we'll go roller-skating. A. isn't rain B. won't rain C. doesn't rain D. doesn't fine ( ) 15. - Will his parents go to see the Terra Cotta Warriors tomorrow? - No, ________ (不去). A. they willn't. B. they won't. C. they aren't. D. they don't. ( ) 16. Who ________ we ________ swimming with tomorrow afternoon? A. will; go B. do; go C. will; going D. shall; go ( ) 17. We ________ the work this way next time. A. do B. will do C. going to do D. will doing ( ) 18. Tomorrow he ___ a kite in the open air first, and then ____ boating in the park. A. will fly; will go B. will fly; goes C. is going to fly; will goes D. flies; will go ( ) 19. The day after tomorrow they ________ a volleyball match. A. will watching B. watches C. is watching D. is going to watch ( ) 20. There ________ a birthday party this Sunday. A. shall be B. will be C. shall going to be D. will going to be ( ) 21. They ________ an English evening next Sunday.

初中生中考必须掌握的英语语法大汇总

语法知识是在掌握一定量的单词和短语的基础上才能获得的。因此,单词的形态变化是语法学习的基础之基础。而九种基本时态和含有不复杂的状语从句及宾语从句的复合句是初中生学习的重点也是语法学习的难点。 总之,语法部分是英语学习的重点和难点。语法知识掌握得好,将大大加快英语学习的进程。本文帮大家归纳了词法、九种基本时态以及初中生需要掌握五种基本从句,希望对广大中学生有所帮助。 1词法 ▊ 1.名词 1.1 名词的可数与不可数 可数名词指表示的人或事物可以用数来计量,它有单数与复数两种形式。不可数名词指所表示的事物不能用数来计量。物质名词与抽象名词一般无法用数目,来统计,都成为不可数名词。 不可数名词前一般不能用冠词a、an来表示数量,没有复数形式。要表示“一个……”这一概念,就须加a piece of这一类短语。要注意许多名词在汉语里看来是可数名词,在英语里却不可数。如:chalk,paper,bread,rice,grass,news等。 1.2 名词复数的规则变化 A.一般情况下加-s。 B.以s, x, ch, sh, 结尾的加-es C.以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i再加-es D.以f,fe结尾的,去掉f或fe,变成v再加-es 1.3 名词的所有格 A.单数名词词尾加’s,复数名词词尾若没有s,也要加’s。 如:the worker's bike,the Children’ s ball

B.表示几个人共有一样东西,只需在最后一个人的名字后加’ s若表示各自所有,则需在各个名字后’ s。 如:This is Lucy and Licy’ s room. These are Kate's and jack’ s rooms. C. 如果是通过在词尾加—s构成的复数形式的名词,只加’。 如:the students’ books,the girls’ blouses (另外:名词+of+名词名词是有生命的,我们就用’s结构来表示所有关系。如果名词所表示的事物是无生命的,我们就要用名词+of+名词的结构来表示所有关系。) ▊ 2.代词 人称代词,物主代词,反身代词,指示代词,不定代词 2.1 人称代词 第一人称单数 I me my mine myself 复数we us our ours ourselves 第二人称 单数you you your yours yourself 复数you you your yours yourselves 第三人称 单数he him his his himself

最新初中英语语法知识—动词的分类汇编含答案解析(2)

一、选择题 1.Karen and Helen _______ my brother's friends. I know _______. A.is; her B.are; them C.are; her D.is; them 2.These chicken wings taste ________. I want more. A.well B.wonderfully C.nice D.bad 3.The strawberries delicious. You can have a try. A.eat B.drink C.taste D.sound 4.The woman made her husband_______ outside the gate yesterday afternoon. A.wait B.waiting C.to wait D.waited 5.I don’t have a baseball, but Alan A.do B.does C.have D.has 6.—William, your hat _______ nice. —Thanks. A.buys B.looks C.finds 7.This is a photo of my grandpa. He young A.looks B.feels C.sounds D.hears 8.—He’s never been late for school. —________________. A.So have I B.So am I C.Neither have I D.Nor am I 9.Amy and her best friend often________books together. A.read B.reads C.look D.looks 10.—The books on the table_________ Mike’s, right? —Yes, they are. A.am B.is C.are 11.—I am feeling ill. What should I do? — eating junk food and breakfast every day. A.Stop; having B.Stop; have C.To stop; have. D.To stop; to have 12.In the past he often made his sister____, but now he is often made ___by his sister. A.to cry; to cry B.cry; cry C.to cry; cry D.cry; to cry 13.I have bought a Chinese – English dictionary. When and where_____ you _____ it? A.have, bought B.did buy C.will, buy D.do , buy 14.2019 has come. I hope everyone can make his dream ________. A.came true B.come true C.comes true D.coming true 15.Alice, it's time for school. Let me _______, or I will be late for class. A.go B.come C.to go D.to come 16.—Where__________ your friend __________from? —He comes from England.

初中英语语法-一般现在时练习题

一般现在时1定义 1

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1.表示经常的或习惯性的动作,常与表示频率的时间状语连用。 时间状语: always, usually,regularly,every morning/night/evening/day/week,often,sometimes,occasionally,from time to time,twice a week,rarely,seldom,once a month, hardly, ever,neve e.g. I leave home for school at 7:00 every morning. 2.表示发生或者存在于说话之时的感觉,状态,和关系。时间的焦点在说话时的现在。 这样的动词有: know love have hear agree be think see taste feel seem look want belong require like等,这类动词的特点都有延续性,用一般时态就能表示动作或者状态的持续。 e.g. I see some twinkling stars in the sky. 3.表示客观事实和普遍真理。 e.g The earth moves around the sun. Shanghai lies in the east of China. 4.表示主语具备的性格、能力、特征和状态。 e.g. I don't want so much. Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak well. 比较:Now I put the sugar in the cup. I am doing my homework now. 5.表示格言或警句中。 e.g Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败。 6.在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中,常用一般现在时代替将来时。 7.表示预先计划或安排好的行为。 8.小说故事用一般现在时代替一般过去时。新闻报道类的内容,为了体现其“新鲜”性,也用一般现在时来表示过去发生的事情。 ☆注意★:此用法如果出现在宾语从句中,即使主句是过去时,从句谓语也要用一般现在时。 5

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初中英语语法大全 语法网络图 一.名词 I. 名词的种类: II. 1. 规则名词的复数形式:名词的复数形式,一般在单数形式后面加-s或-es。现将构成方法与读音规则列表如下: leaf-leaves, thief-thieves, knife-knives, 2.

III. 名词的所有格: 名词在句中表示所有关系的语法形式叫做名词所有格。所有格分两种:一是名词词尾加’s构成,二是由介词of 加名词构成。前者多表示有生命的东西,后者多表示无生命的东西。 1. ’s 2. ’s

3. of所有格的用法: 用于无生命的东西:the legs of the chair, the cover of the book 用于有生命的东西,尤其是有较长定语时:the classrooms of the first-year students 用于名词化的词:the struggle of the oppressed 二.冠词 冠词分为不定冠词(a, an),定冠词(the),和零冠词。 I. That boy is rather a Lei Feng. II.

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