英语应用能力考试B级考试语法点
名词具体指导
名词在句中多用来作主语、宾语、表语和定语。在英语应用能力考试中，要求考生根据题意把括号里所给的词变成名词，所填词多出现在句尾或句首：
1 ．所填词的特征
①前有物主代词如my , his，their, our, your, its等；
②前有冠词如a, an, the；
③前有形容词如large，clever，foolish等；
④前有冠词＋形容词如that ancient，the clever等；
⑤前有不定代词many, much, a few ，a little，several等。
2 ．所填词多为抽象名词或表示人的名词。如decision，illness，protection等
常见名词后缀：
1 ．表示人的名词后缀
①–al crime criminal
②–an Canada Canadian
Europe European
history historian
③–ant account accountant
④–ar/er/or beg beggar
lie liar
operate operator
act actor
educate educator
village villager
law lawyer
⑤–ee employ employee
⑥–ist art artist
chemistry chemist
science scientist
tour tourist
2．抽象名词后缀
①–ance/ence exist existence
dependent dependence
confident confidence
different difference
important importance
distant distance
intelligent intelligence
appear appearance
②–th deep depth
true truth
warm warmth
wide width
dead death
long length
strong strength
grow growth
③–ment move movement
develop development
arrange arrangement
equip equipment
judge judgment
④–tion/ation/ion pollute pollution discuss discussion
organize organization
educate education
inform information
invent invention
invite invitation
protect protection
predict prediction
decide decision
⑤–ing find findings
build building
paint painting
⑥–ness ill illness
careful carefulness
kind kindness
weak weakness
helpless helplessness
⑦–age short shortage
⑧–ty certain certainty
⑨–al arrive arrival
propose proposal
withdraw withdrawal
形容词具体指导
形容词通常用在系动词后作表语，或用在名词前作定语。Section B 中，主要考查以下几个方面：
1 ．系表结构中形容词作表语。
2 ．名词前形容词作定语。
3 ．如果括号内给出形容词，考查比较级、最高级形式。
考试中常见句型：
( l ) be very（形容词）
( 2 ) a / an / the（形容词）名词
( 3 ) very / too / many / rather（形容词）
( 4 ) （形容词）名词
常见形容词后缀
1.-ern 附在表方向的名词后
east eastern
north northern
south southern
west western
2. -ful附在抽象名词后
joy joyful
peace peaceful
skill skillful
3. -ish 附在具体名词后
fool foolish
child childish
4. -less brain brainless
color colorless
harm harmless
home homeless
5. -ly father fatherly
friend friendly
man manly
day daily
hour hourly
month monthly
week weekly
6. -y dirt dirty
ease easy
health healthy
7. -ous danger dangerous
8. -able comfort comfortable
9.-t difference different
distance distant
10 -ive attract attractive
create creative
副词具体指导
副词分为时间副词、地点副词、方式副词、程度副词、疑问副词、连接副词和关系副词。《基本要求》中对副词主要考查以下几点：
1 ．副词的句法功能；
2 ．带ly 和不带ly 的副词；
3 ．副词的位置；
4 ．副词的比较级和最高级。
这些考查项目主要出现在Section B
中，括号内给出名词、形容词或动词（几率非常低），要求考生将它们改为副词。若本身是副词，要使用比较级或最高级。其中较难的是给出名词，先转换成形容词，再变为副词这一类题。
考试中常见句型Examples：
1 . be + （副词）＋形容词He has been extremely busy these days．
2 ．动词＋副词Everything went smoothly．
3 ．动词＋宾语＋副词She didn’t do it intentionally.
4 ．主语＋副词＋动词She suddenly fell ill.
5 ．副词，＋句子Luckily, Peter was there.
6 ．副词＋副词He works terribly hard.
常见副词及其后缀：
(l)直接加-ly
careful carefully
calm calmly
real really
personal personally
part partly
recent recently
final finally
(2)以le结尾的改为ly
possible possibly
terrible terribly
whole wholly
(3)以y 结尾的变y 为i加ly
sleepy sleepily
lucky luckily
动词时态具体指导
动词及其表现出的各种形式是历次考试中语法结构部分的重点。主要是考动词在充当谓语动词时的动词的限定形式（即动词时态）和不独立充当谓语时的非限定形式（即非谓语动词）
以及短语动词
动词时态共有16 种，常见的有14 种。《基本要求》
中规定要掌握的是：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、将来完成时、现在完成进行时和过去完成进行时。
做动词时态题应注意以下几点：
1 ．注意句子中给出的特定时间状语或相应语境；
2 ．在时间或条件从句中，用一般现在时表示将来的动作；
3 ．注意时态的呼应。某些从句特别是宾语从句中的动词时态，受主句谓语动词的影响。
动词时态在Section A 、Section B两个部分中都有出现。在Section B中最难，要求考生写下来。因此，学生应熟记各种时态的形式。
动词语态具体指导
语态是动词的一种形式，说明主语和谓语动词之间的关系。英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。当主语是动作的执行者时，称为主动语态；当主语是动作的承受者时，称为被动语态。被动语态的一般形式（一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时）经常出现在填空题中，较复杂的如非谓语动词的被动语态、被动语态的完成时和进行时、短语动词的被动语态以及含情态动词的被动语态则多出现在选择题中。
考试中常见句型
( 1 ) be ＋动词过去分词
( 2 ) be + being＋动词过去分词
( 3 ) have / had + been ＋动词过去分词
虚拟语气具体指导
虚拟语气是每次必考的一个项目，A 级、B 级中都有出现：根据《基本要求》的规定，大家必须掌握以下几点。
1 ．条件从句中的虚拟语气
请大家牢记下面的表格：
从句主句
与现在事实相反If ＋主语＋动词的过去式（be —were ) + ……主句主语＋should / would / could / might + 动词原形
与过去事实相反If ＋主语＋had ＋过去分词主语＋Should / would / could / might +
have ＋过去分词
与将来事实相反If ＋主语＋were to ＋动词原形
If ＋主语＋should ＋动词原形主语＋Should / would / could / might + 动词原形
2 ．省略if 的条件句中的虚拟语气（多出现在A 级试题中）
当条件从句中出现were , should , had 等时，可以将if 省略，把were , should , had
放在主语的前面。这一点在倒装句中也会提到。
3 ．固定句式中的虚拟语气
① demand , suggest , advise , propose 等词引导的宾语从句中；
② It + be ＋suggested / demanded + that 引导的主语从句中
③ It is + important / necessary + that 从句中；
④ suggestion , proposal 引导的同位语从句中。
⑤ lest （以防）, for fear that（惟恐）, in case （以防）引导的从句中。
这些从句中谓语动词是由should 十动词原形构成，should 可以省略。
非谓语动词具体指导
非谓语动词指动词不定式、动名词、现在分词和过去分词这几种形式，它们在句中不能独立作谓语，可作定语、状语、补语、主语、表语等。
动词不定式分为带to 的不定式和不带to的不定式，在句中作主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语等。动词不定式一般表示动作尚未发生或将要发生。
考试中常见句型
( l ）不定式作主语时通常用这种结构
It + be + adj + ( for sb . ) + to do
( 2 ）不定式作定语时，放在被修饰的名词或代词之后，常带不定式作定语的名词有：way ，visit ，solution , opportunity , effort , determination , etc ．。
( 3 ）不定式与only 连用表示未预料到的结果。如：
1 went to see him only to find him out .
( 4 ）一些特殊结构中经常用不带to 不定式。如：had better , rather than , cannot but , do nothing but ；do nothing than 等。
( 5 ）有些词只能接不定式作宾语。如：want , hope , pretend 等。
( 6 ）连接副词/代词加不定式结构。如：what to do , where to go等。
动名词主要起名词的作用，在句中主要作主语、宾语、表语等。
考试中常见句型
( 1 ）有些动词后只能接动名词，如：mind , avoid , enjoy 等。
( 2 ）介词接动名词作宾语。
( 3 ）某些句型中的动名词运用。如：
It 's no use doing …
… have difficulty doing sth .
过去分词和现在分词主要起形容词的作用，在句中作表语、定语、状语等。二者的区别：现在分词与逻辑主语是主动关系，表示动作正在进行；而过去分词与逻辑主语是被动关系，表示动作已完成。在作表语或定语时，现在分词修饰物，过去分词修饰人。熟记以上规律，在遇到分词时，问题基本上可以迎刃而解。
倒装句与强调句具体指导
倒装句与强调句也是考试中的两个常见项目，特别是倒装句。倒装句分为全部倒装和部分倒装。
考试中常见倒装句句型
( 1 ) Neither，nor，so ＋助动词/情态动词＋主语
( 2 ) Hardly , never , rarely 开头引起的倒装
( 3 ) Not only … but also; no sooner …than ; hardly / scarcely … when 等特殊句式引起的倒装( 4 ) Here , there ，down , away 引起的倒装
( 5 ）虚拟语气中的倒装（前面虚拟语气已讲过）
强调句句型
It + be ＋被强调部分＋that / Who
主从复合句具体指导
主从复合句主要出现在Section A 中，多是选择题，也是词汇和语法结构中的难点，尽管所考项目均在初、高中涉及过，但因其面广，故学生还是感到吃力：
考试中常见句型
( l ）主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句等名词性从句
( 2 ）定语从句中的非限定性定语从句及介词＋which 从句
( 3 ）时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句等状语从句
掌握从句的关键之一就是对引导词的掌握，因此学生平时要多练习。
短语动词，情态动词具体指导
动词常和其他词类一起构成固定词组，称为短语动词。短语动词一般出现在选择题中，主要考查考生所掌握的词汇的深度和广度，以及是否掌握了某些常用短语动词的含义及用法。因此考生平时应熟知所学过的短语动词，熟练掌握《基本要求》中―词汇表‖所列短语动词的含义及用法。
情态动词看似简单，但做起来较难。在英语应用能力考试中，主要考查情态动词与完成的搭配。如：
should + have + Ved 表示应该发生却没有发生的事；
must + have＋Ved 表示对过去事情的肯定推测；
could / might / may / can + have + Ved
表示对事情的推测，程度视情态动词而定。主谓一致出现的频率较低，平时稍加注意就可。
高等学校英语应用能力考试B级词汇练习
高等学校英语应用能力考试B级词汇练习（Practice 1） Section A V ocabulary and Structure . 1. They stood in the rain for two hours, but they _________for Mr. Ying, because he didn't come at all. A) mustn't have waited B) may not have waited C) can't have waited D) needn't have waited 2. The girl ____________ left him a few weeks ago. A) he fell in love with B) whom he fell in love C) that he fell in love D) with who he fell in love 3. ____________ I arrived in South Africa, I was struck by the very great difference in the atmosphere of the country. A) Since the moment B) During the time C) By that time D) From the moment 4. An object remains still or in a straight line motion ____________ a force acts upon it. A) unless B) because C) when D) if 5. There was a good harvest last year, ____________, rice was rather cheap. A) furthermore B) therefore C) but D) however 6. Such problems ____________ air and water pollution have no limited boundaries. A) of B) about C) as D) of 7. Tom ____________ the manager this afternoon, but he forgot. A) should have telephoned B) could telephone C) must have telephoned D) might telephone 8. Either the plant or the flowers will lose ____________ freshness. A) his B) its C) theirs D) their 9. New medicines are usually tested on animals ____________ being tried on human beings. A) after B) before C) for D) when 10. Mr. Johnson suggested ____________ before details are discussed. A) not to draw a conclusion B) should not draw a conclusion C) to draw not a conclusion D) not drawing a conclusion Section B . 11. How (refuse) _______________ the invitation without offending them was the big question. 12. Please don't worry; there (be) ______________ time for questions after the lecture. 13. Can you imagine (work)____________ at home with a computer connected to your office? 14. Y ou can not let the house (neglect) _______________ like that. 15. In 1898, (work) _______________ with her French husband, Marie Curie, a Polish scientist discovered radium, a previously unknown element. 16. An expert found that when person A likes person B, he (look) ___________ at him a lot. 17. As there is still a great difference between urban and rural (consume) _______________ levels, there is huge potential in the used goods sector (旧货领域). 18. Sixteen-year-old Martina Hingis is (current) _______________ ranked first on the Women's Tennis Association singles ranking. 19. Choose a cause bigger than you are engaged in and work at it in a spirit of (excellent) ________. 20. Next time we go house-hunting, remember (ask) ___________ the agent for very clear directions.
高等学校英语应用能力b级真题
高等学校英语应用能力考试2016年12月B级真题（a卷）Part I Listening Comprehension (25 minutes) Directions: This part is to test your listening ability. It consists of 4sections. Section A Directions: This section is to test your ability to give proper responses. There are 7 recorded questions in it. After each question, there is a pause. The questions will be spoken two times. When you hear a question, you should decide on the correct answer from the 4 choices marked A), B), C) and D) given in your test paper. Then you should mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. Example: You will hear: You will read: A) I’m not sure. B) You’re right. C) Yes, certainly. D) That’s interesting. From the question we learn that the speaker is asking the listener to leave a message. Therefore, C) Yes, certainly is the correct answer. You should mark C) on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. [A] [B] [C] [D]. Now the test will begin. 1.A) Sorry, he’s not in. C) Try again, please. B) Here you are. D) Thank you. 2. A) Nice to see you. C) No, I don’t. B) See you later. D) Take care. 3. A) See you next time. C) You are welcome. B) No, thanks. D) Press the button here. 4.A) Over there. C) I like Chinese food. B) Yes, I do. D) Tomorrow morning. 5.A) Never mind. C) Only a week. B) Certainly. D) My pleasure. 6.A) On the Internet. C) By bus. B) She’s very nice. D) It’s far away. 7.A) We are busy. C) It’s expensive. B) Take it easy. D) He’s very kind. Section B Directions: This section is to test your ability to understand short dialogues. There are 7 recorded dialogues in it. After each conversation, there is a recorded question. Both the dialogues and questions will be spoken two times. When you hear a question, you should decide on the correct answer from the 4 choices marked A), B), C) and D) given in your test paper. Then you should mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. Now listen to the dialogues. 8.A) Earth Day. C) Father’s Day. B) Mother’s Day. D) Thanksgiving Day. 9.A) Flight numbers. C) Banking services. B) Bus schedules. D) Office hours.
2015年职称英语考试综合类B级试题及参考答案
2015职称英语综合类B级真题答案(词汇选项) 第1部分词汇选项(第1~15题，每题1分，共15分) 下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定一个意义最为接近的选项。 1. The organization was bold enough to face the press. A. pleased B. powerful C. brave D .sensible 2. I will not tolerate that sort of behavior in my class. A. accept B. control C. observe D. regulate 3. I realized to my horror that I had forgotten the present. A limit B. fear C. power D. fool 4. Most people find rejection hard to accept. A. excuse B. client C. destiny D. refusal 5. She's extremely competent and industrious. A. hardworking B. honest C. objective D. independent 6. The doctors did not reveal the truth to him. A. hide B .handle C. disclose D. establish 7. He tried to assemble his thoughts. A. clear B. share C. gather D. spare 8. The law carries a penalty of up to three years in prison. A. message B. punishment C. guilt D. obligation 9. Prisoners were kept in the most appalling conditions. A. flexible B. terrible C. reasonable D. serious
高等学校英语应用能力考试B级
2013年12月高等学校英语应用能力考试（B级）(后附答案) PartⅠListening Comprehension Directions: This part is to test your listening ability. It consists of 3 sections. Section A Directions:This section is to test your ability to give proper responses. There are 5 recorded questions in it. After each question, there is a pause. The questions will be spoken two times. When you hear a question, you should decide on the correct answer from the 4 choices marked A), B), C) and D) given in your test paper. Then you should mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. 1. A) No, thank you. B) Yes. This way please. C) My pleasure. D) You’re right. 2. A) OK, thank you. B) It doesn’t matter. C) It’s over there. D) No way. 3. A) Here you are. B) Let’s go. C) Why not? D) Never mind. 4. A) You are so nice. B) Nice to meet you. C) I’d love to. D) It’s great. 5. A) No problem. B) Not at all. C) Is it true? D) Is it right? Section B Directions:This part is to test your ability to understand short dialogues. There are 5 recorded dialogues in it. After each dialogue, there is a recorded question. Both the dialogues and questions will be spoken two times. When you hear a question, you should decide on the correct answer from the 4 choices marked A), B), C) and D) given in your test paper. Then you should mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. 6. A) Have a drink. B) Visit a company. C) Meet a friend. D) Write a report. 7. A) On television. B) Through the Internet. C) From a newspaper. D) Over the radio. 8. A) It snowed heavily. B) The wind was strong. C) It rained hard. D) The wind was strong. 9. A) In the city center. B) Away from the highway. C) Close to her office. D) Near the train station. 10. A) The man doesn’t like the mobile phone. B) The man has bought a new mobile phone. C) The mobile phone has already been sold out. D) The mobile phone is too expensive for the man. Section C Directions: In this section you will hear a recorded short passage. The passage is printed in the test paper, but with some words or phrases missing. The passage will be read three times. During the second reading, you are required to put the missing words or phrases on the Answer Sheet in order of the numbered blanks according to what you hear. The third reading is for you to check your writing. Now the passage will begin. There are about million businesses in the UK. About 75% of British jobs are in (11) industries—hotels, restaurants, travel and shopping. These are the fastest
2017年12月高等学校英语应用能力考试B级真题及详解[听力音频]【圣才出品】
2017年12月高等学校英语应用能力考试B级真题及详解[听力音频] Part ⅠListening Comprehension (20 minutes) Directions: This part is to test your listening ability. It consists of 4 sections. Section A Directions: This section is to test your ability to understand short dialogues. There are 7 recorded questions in it. After each question, there is a pause. The questions will be spoken two times. When you hear a question, you should decide on the correct answer from the 4 choices marked A), B), C) and D) given in your test paper. Then you should mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. 1. A) It’s over there. B) Sorry to hear it. C) That’s all right.
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ache n. 疼痛 vi. 觉得疼痛achieve vt. 完成,达到achievement n. 成就,功绩 acid n. 酸 adj. 酸的,讽刺的acknowledge vt. 承认,答谢acquire vt. 获得,学到across adv. 交叉地,在对面 prep. 越过,交叉 act n. 法案,(戏剧的)幕 v. 行动,表演action n. 动作,行动 active adj. 积极的 activity n. 活动,行为 actor n. 男演员,行动者actress n. 女演员 actual adj. 实际的,真实的actually adv. 实际上,事实上adapt vt. 使适应,改编add v. 增加,做加法addition n. 增加,加法address n. 地址, 致辞 vt. 向…致辞,演说administration n.管理,行政部门adjust vt. 调整,调节admire v. 赞美,钦佩,羡慕admission n. 允许进入,供认admit v. 容许,承认adopt vt. 采用,收养 adult n. 成人 advance n. 前进,提前