高三英语一轮复习语法专题:形容词和副词

高三英语一轮复习语法专题:形容词和副词
高三英语一轮复习语法专题:形容词和副词

形容词和副词

[感悟高考]

单句语法填空/单句改错

1.Recent studies show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks ________ (regular).(2016·全国Ⅱ,67)

2.If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work,you should take a step back and identify (识别)those of ________ (great)and less importance.(2016·全国Ⅱ,61) 3.From tomorrow,I will be their UK ambassador.The title will be ________ (official) given to me at a ceremony in London.(2016·全国Ⅰ,63)

4.Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which ________ (gradual)turned into chopsticks.(2016·全国Ⅲ,46)

5.The teenage years from 13 to 19 were the most difficult time for me.They were also the best and worse years in my life.(2016·全国Ⅲ,短文改错)

6.At one time,I even felt my parents couldn't understand me so I hoped I could be freely from them.(2016·全国Ⅲ,短文改错)

『答案』 1.regularly 2.greater 3.officially 4.gradually 5.worse→worst 6.freely→free

[考点清单]

考点一形容词、副词的同级比较

规则?“as+形容词/副词原级+as”与“not+as/so+形容词/副词原级+as”表示同级比较,即两个或两部分人或物在性质上或程度上相同/不同。

Tom is as excellent as John in the ability of dealing with such cases.

在处理这类案件上,汤姆和约翰的能力是一样优秀的。

He doesn't run so/as fast as his younger brother.

他没有他弟弟跑得快。

规则?“as+形容词原级+as+具体数字”表示“高/深/多……达……”。

The temperature here is as high as 39 ℃.

这里的气温高达39摄氏度。

考点二形容词、副词的比较级

规则?比较级的不规则变化

规则?比较级+than...“比……更”;less...than“不如……”。

The book is less interesting than that one.

这本书不如那本书有趣。

规则?the+比较级,the+比较级“越……,越……”。

The harder he works,the more progress he will make.

他工作越努力,取得的进步就越大。

规则?the+比较级+of (the)+名词/代词“(两者中)较……的”。

Of the two cameras,I would prefer the smaller one,which is very easy for me to carry.

这两个照相机,我喜欢较小的一个,它容易携带。

考点三形容词、副词的最高级

规则?三者或三者以上的比较用最高级。表示范围的标志词有in,of,among 等。

Raymond's parents wanted him to have the best possible education.雷蒙德的父母想让他接受最好的教育。

规则?“one of+最高级+可数名词复数+比较范围”表示“……中最……之一”。

This is one of the most important events in modern history.这是现代历史上最重要的事件之一。

规则?“否定词语+比较级”或“否定词语+such/so...as”结构表示最高级含义。

Mr.Stevenson is great to work for—I really couldn't ask for a better boss.为斯蒂文森先生工作感觉非常好,我真的找不到比他更好的老板了。

考点四倍数表达法

规则?倍数+as+形容词/副词原级+as...

Asia is four times as large as Europe.

亚洲比欧洲大三倍。

规则?倍数+形容词/副词比较级+than...

The dictionary is exactly five times more expensive than that one.这本字典恰好比那本贵五倍。

规则?倍数+the+性质名词(size/length/height等)+of...

The newly broadened square is four times the size of the previous one.新扩建的广场是未扩建时的4倍大。

考点五形容词(短语)作状语和副词作评论性状语

规则?形容词(短语)作状语表示伴随或结果,通常用来说明主语的情况,表示主语的状态、性质、特征等,但并不表示动作的方式。

He came to school this morning,very upset.

今天早晨他非常伤心地来到学校。

规则?连接副词和修饰整个句子作评论性状语的副词,通常位于句首。有时也用于句中或句尾。

Thankfully,I managed to get through the game and the pain was worth it in the end.谢天谢地,我终于打完比赛了,所有的辛苦都是值得的。

[正误探究]

1.【误】“Equal pay for equal work” is a phrase by the American women who feel they are__fair__treated by society.

【正】“Equal pay for equal work” is a phrase by the American women who feel they are__fairly__treated by society.

【探究】修饰动词、形容词作状语通常用副词。

2.【误】It was raining heavily.Little Mary felt cold,so she stood__close__to her mother.

【正】It was raining heavily.Little Mary felt cold,so she stood__closely__to her mother.

【探究】一般说来,与形容词同形的副词通常取字面上的意思,表示具体的含义;以-ly结尾的副词往往表示引申的意义或抽象意义,有时还带有一定的感情色彩。

3.【误】This is my__the(the__my)__best__friend.

【正】This is my__best__friend.

【探究】形容词最高级前面必须加定冠词the,但当形容词最高级前面有物主代词修饰时,则不加the。

[易错防范]

易错点1形容词和副词的一些固定用法的误用

—Must I turn off the gas after cooking?

—Of course.You can never be________careful with that.

误填more

『答案』too[考查英语中固定句型“cannot/can never be too...”。意为“越……越好”或“再……也不过分”,所以填too。句意:你越小心越好。]

【点拨】too...to...结构是中学阶段一个很常用的结构,意为“太……而不能……”,是一个否定的结构。但在下面的情况下却表示肯定的含义:

(1)当在该结构中的too或to前加上否定词not或never等时,该结构即为表示肯定含义的结构。cannot/can never...too...to...为常见的用法,它可以与cannot/can never...enough to...结构进行转化。

When crossing the street,you can never be too careful/careful enough.你过马路时,越小心越好。

(2)当too...to...结构中的副词too后接happy,ready,anxious,eager,glad,willing 等形容词时,该结构表达的即为肯定的含义。

She is too willing to marry him.她很愿意嫁给他。

(3)当too...to...结构中的副词too前面有all,but,only,quite等修饰时,该结构表达的也为肯定的含义。

I am only too pleased to help you.我很高兴帮助您。

易错点2形容词作状语的误用

After the long journey,the three of them went back home,hungry and ________(tire).

误填tiring

『答案』tired[句意:经过长途跋涉之后,他们三人回到了家,又累又饿。表示他们三人到家后所处的状态,故用形容词作状语,表示“人累”用tired。] 【点拨】如果不是修饰谓语动词,而是说明主语所处的状态,这时用形容词而不是副词作状语。

易错点3-ed和-ing形式的形容词混用

The story that I read last night is very ________(interest).

误填interested

『答案』interesting[表示故事本身的性质,用-ing形式的形容词。]

【点拨】-ing形容词主要用于修饰事物,表示事物的性质或特征,常译为“令人……的”;修饰人时,则表示此人具有的性质或特征。

-ed形容词通常用于说明人的感受,常译为“感到……的”,强调人自身的情感波动;修饰事物时,则多修饰air(神态),smile (微笑),feeling (感觉),appearance (容貌),cry (哭声),face (表情),voice (声音),mood (情绪),look (表情),eye (眼神)等显示某人情感状况的名词。

[针对训练]

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1.Get an early start and try to be as productive ________ possible before lunch.(2016·全国Ⅱ,45)

2.As ________ (nature) architects,the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly how thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.

3.He owned a farm,which looked almost abandoned.________ (lucky),he also had a cow which produced milk every day.

4.Finally,that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is ________ (clean) than ever.

5.There were many people waiting at the bus stop,and some of them looked very anxious and ________ (disappoint).

6.The ________ (hard) you try to beat him,the more likely you will get hit.He controls you!

7.I cannot control my body well.My legs become ________ (pain).

8.After our plane landed,we went to the hotel.We had made our reservation six months ________ (early),but the man at the front desk said there had been a mistake.

9.It may not be a great suggestion.But before a ________ (good) one is put forward,we'll make do with it.

10.I think watching TV every evening is a waste of time—there are ________ (meaningful) things to do.

『答案』 1.as 2.natural 3.Luckily 4.cleaner 5.disappointed 6.harder 7.painful8.earlier9.better10.more meaningful

Ⅱ.单句改错(每句仅1处错误)

1.He hopes that his business will grow steady.(2016·全国Ⅰ,短文改错)

2.Lots of studies have shown that global warming has already become a very seriously problem.

3.“How nice to see you again!Dad and I were terrible worried.”

4.On the left-hand side of the class,I could easy see the football field.

5.So really friendship should be able to stand all sorts of tests.

6.My mum makes the better biscuits in the world,so I decided to ask her for help. 7.I had noticed that the carriage was noise and filled with people.

8.No one in the carriage had previous spoken to or even noticed the ticket-owner before.

9.My uncles immediate jumped up and shot their arrows on the bird.

10.Don't panic or get out of line,and try to remain quiet and calmly.

『答案』 1.steady→steadily 2.seriously→serious 3.terrible→terribly 4.easy→easily 5.really→real 6.better→best7.noise→noisy8.previous→previously 9.immediate→immediately10.calmly→calm

Ⅲ.语篇填空(用所给词的适当形式填空)

Some time ago,a friend of mine,who worked in a part of the city I didn't know very __1__(good),invited me to call on him.It took me hours to get there and I took __2__ (greatly) trouble to find a proper spot to park my car.As I was already three-quarters of an hour late,I parked my car __3__(quick).

At noon,just as I was leaving my friend's office,it __4__(sudden) struck me that I had no idea where I had parked my car.I could __5__(hard) go up to a policeman and tell him that I had lost a small green car somewhere! Walking down street after street,I examined each car __6__(close) and was very happy to see a small green car just behind an old car.But how __7__(disappoint) I was to discover that though the car was __8__(exact) like my own,it belonged to someone else!Feeling quite __9__(tire) now,I went off for lunch.Some time __10__(late),I left the restaurant and walked down the street.Turning the corner,I nearly jumped for joy: my car was right in front of me,and there was no problem this time.

『答案』 1.well 2.great 3.quickly 4.suddenly 5.hardly 6.closely 7.disappointed8.exactly 9.https://www.360docs.net/doc/9c3419336.html,ter

2018中考英语形容词和副词用法总结

形容词和副词用法总结及练习 一、形容词: (一)概念:形容词修饰名词,说明事物或人的性质或特征,通常分成两类: 1. 直接说明事物的性质或特征的形容词是性质形容词。 2. 叙述形容词只能作表语,所以又称为表语形容词,大多数以a开头的形容词都属于这一类。 例如:afraid, asleep, awake, alone, alive, awake, ashamed, alike。 其他常见表语形容词:worth, ready, sorry, well (二)形容词在句中的位置:有的形容词放在被修饰的名词之前,称为前置形容词;少数形容词放在被修饰的名词之后,称为后置形容词。 1)当名词被多个前置形容词修饰时,形容词之间有一个先后顺序问题。一般规则为: (限定词)→一般描绘性形容词→表示大小、长短、高低的形容词→表示年龄、新旧的形容词→表示国籍、地区、出处的形容词→表示物质、材料的形容词→(名词)。如: There is a famous fine old stone bridge near the village. 2)【重点】当形容词词组相当于一个定语从句时,或形容词用来修饰somebody, something, anything, nothing 等的时候,便会出现后置形容词。如: The boy interested in music is my brother. Do you have anything interesting to tell us? 二、副词: (一)概念:用以修饰动词、形容词或其他副词的词叫做副词。例如:not(不),here(这里),now(现在)。 不少副词同时也可用作介词或其它词类。如: Have you read this book before? (副词,作时间状语) He will arrive before ten o’clock. (介词,before ten o’clock 是介词短语,作时间状语) (二)副词的种类 1、时间副词: 1)表示发生时间的副词:It’s beginning to rain now! 现在开始下雨了! 2)表示频繁程度的副词,也称频度副词:always, often, usually, sometimes, never, ever, hardly等一般位于系动词、情态动词和助动词之后,实义动词之前: She often changes her mind. 3)还有一些其他表示时间的副词:He has just had an operation. 他刚动过手术。 2、地点副词: 1)表示地点的副词:She is studying abroad. 她在国外留学。 2)以where 构成的副词也是地点副词:It’s the same everywhere. 到处都一样。 3、【重点】方式副词 1)英语中有大量方式副词,说明行为方式(回答how的问题):How beautifully your wife dances. 2)表示情绪的副词:She smiled gratefully. 3)还有一些以-ly结尾的副词,表示动作发生的状况:He left the town secretly. 4、【重点】程度副词和强调副词 1)程度副词可修饰动词,表示“到某种程度”:Is she badly hurt? 她伤得重吗? [说明] 这类副词除修饰动词外,还可修饰形容词(a)或另一副词(b): a. fairly simple 相当简单quite correct 完全正确 干得很快 2 b. 修饰比较级:You sing much better than me. Their house is much nicer than ours. 5. 【重点】疑问副词和连接副词 1)疑问副词:疑问副词用来引导特殊问句: 2)连接副词:连接副词意思和词形都和疑问副词一样,但都引导从句或与不定式连用: how: Do you know how to start this machine? 你知道这台机器怎样启动吗? where: I don’t know where he lives. 我不知道他住在哪儿。(引导宾语从句) 6. 一些其它类型的副词,如表示方向的副词:Let’s go ins ide. Take two steps forward. (三)副词的位置 1. 副词修饰动词时,通常可以放在句首、句中或句末。如: Usually I do my homework in the evening. (句首) I often get up at six. (句中) Please speak slowly. 2. 副词修饰形容词或副词时,通常放在形容词或副词的前面如: These flowers are quite beautiful. (在形容词前)这些花相当漂亮。

(完整word版)最全初中英语语法之-形容词副词教案(已打印两份)

形容词 一.定义: 用来修饰名词,表示人或事物的性质、状态和特征的词,叫形容词。 二. 注意:有些形容词只能作表语,如:alone, afraid, asleep 等。例如: Don't wake the sleeping baby up. He is asleep. The old man is alone. 形容词用来修饰something, anything, nothing, everything等不定代词,要放在这些词的后面。 例如: You'd better tell us something interesting. The police found nothing strange in the room. 多个形容词做定语时排列的先后顺序是:1)冠词或人称代词2)数词3)性质4)大小5)形状6)表示老少,新旧7)颜色8)事务、质地、人的国籍、用途。 例如:His grandpa still lives in this small short house.他爷爷还住在这个矮小的房子里。 The woman bought two beautiful Chinese plates.那个妇女买了两个漂亮的中国盘子。 形容词名词化:有些形容词前加定冠词后变成名词,表示一类人,谓语常用复数。这类词有:rich / poor; good / bad ; young / old ; healthy / ill ; living / dead ; black / white (表示人种等)。 例如:The young should take good care of the old.年轻人应该好好照顾老人。 The rich never help the poor in this country.在这个国家,富人从来不帮助穷人。 形容词短语做定语时要后置。 如:They are the students easy to teach.他们是很容易较的学生。 We live in a house much larger than yours.我们住的房子比你们的大得多。 else要放在疑问代词或复合不定词之后。 如:Did you see anybody else?你看到别的人了吗?

初一英语语法之形容词副词

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英语形容词和副词的用法解析

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