四级完形填空必备词汇

四级完形填空必备词汇
四级完形填空必备词汇

1.近义词

1) 破坏,毁坏,伤害

destroy, destruction, destructive

damage

spoil

ruin, ruins.(废墟)

injure, injury, minor injuries, slight injuries.(轻伤)

wreckage (飞机或者船的残骸)

2)提供

provide sb with sth; provision (供应品)

offer

supply; demand and supplies (供求)

furnish the apartment with (给房子提供家具);unfurnished没有装有家具的。

3)证据

proof; evidence

4)测量,估计,评估,估值

measure: 测量长宽高

estimate:估计(数字)

assess:评估(抽象内容,如能力,财产)

evaluate:估值(估计东西值多少钱)

5)设备,装备,电器,设施

equipment; equip sth with sth 用后者来装备前者

instrument: 工具,乐器

implement: 工具(只需要认识这个词就行)

appliance: 电器

facilities: 设施,便利设施

utilities: 水,电,煤气,供暖等

baggage; luggage 行李

6)包含,含有

Include: 包括 contain: 含有 involve: 牵涉到7)组成成分,构成,元素

component: 组成成分

constitution: 组成,构成

composition:构图,作曲,组成,构成

element: 元素

factor: 因素

8)调整, 适应,改变

adapt: adapt to new environment 适应新环境

adjust: adjust the temperature 调节温度

alter: alter the direction 改变方向

accustom: be accustomed to the weather 习惯了天气

9)揭露,显示出,显露

reveal: reveal a problem 暴露出一个问题

The study reveals that…这个调查表明……

expose: be exposed to

The skin is exposed to the sun. 皮肤暴露在太阳下。

indicate: 表明

The results indicated that…结果表明……

10)目的

purpose: 目的,功能。 Multi-purpose多功能。

goal:achieve his goal 实现了他的目标

aim: aim at 瞄准

target:靶子,目标。 Miss the target.没有打中目标

objective:目标

2.形似词

词根:

1)“spect”词根含义:看见

prospect: 前程,前景。 job prospects 工作前景

respect:1)尊敬 2)方面 respectively 各自地

aspect:方面 major aspects 主要方面

spectacular:壮观的

spectacle:景观

expect:期待

2) “ scribe”词根含义:写

describe: 描写,描述 beyond description 无法用言语表达

subscribe:订阅,定制,订购服务

subscribe to Engineering Journal 订阅工程期刊

prescribe:prescribe some medicine for the patient

为病人开点药

3)“fine”词根含义:局限,结束

define: 下定义。 define sth as 把某事物解释为……

definition 定义;definite 明确的。 definite plans 明确的计划confine: 局限 be confined to 被局限在……

refine:修饰,美化

4)” spire”词根含义:灵气,呼吸

inspire 激励;给某人灵感

5) “quire”词根含义:ask, 要求,询问

inquire: 咨询询问 inquire about the four bedroom flat. 咨询四室一厅的房子require: 要求 requirement

acquire: 获得 acquisition

6) “fect”词根含义:作用

affect:影响 infect:感染,传染 perfect:完美的defect:缺陷 effect:效果

7)”tain”词根含义:hold

contain: 含有,装有

maintain: 保养,保持;坚持认为 maintenance

maintain the car 保养车

He maintained that…他坚持强调说……

retain: 保留,保持

retain moisture 保湿

Retain talents 保留人才

attain: 达到

attain a certain level 达到水准

sustain: 支撑,维系

sustainable 可持续发展的

8)“serve”词根含义:保留

conserve : 长期保存 conservation; conservative 保守的

reserve: 预留 reservation; natural reserves 自然保护区。

preserve: 保护 preserve the environment 保护环境;preservation

deserve: 值得,配得上

9)“mit”词根含义:carry

transmit: 传播 transmission

admit: 录取;承认 admission

permit: 允许 permit sb to do sth

submit: 呈交,递交

commit: 犯罪;委托

commit crimes. 犯罪。

commit oneself to doing sth 全身心做某事

10) “vey”

survey:民意调查,问卷调查

convey: 传递,传达某种含义。 convey the meaning that…

11) “sume”词根含义:开始

resume: 重新开始做某事

assume: 假想,猜想 assumption

presume: 假想,猜想 presumption

consume: 消费,消耗 consumption.

time-consuming 耗时的; energy-consuming 耗能的,耗精力的。

12)”sist”词根含义:组成

consist: consist of 由……组成 consistent 一致的,一贯的

insist: insist on doing sth 坚持做某事 insistent 态度坚持的

persist: persist in doing sth 坚持做某事 persistent 执着的,纠缠的

resist: resist doing sth 抵制做某事

13)“fer”

transfer: 转换,调任,转车 confer: 开会,商讨 conference

refer: 参考 prefer: 更喜欢

suffer: suffer from遭受痛苦 offer: 提供

14) ur=sure(确定的),secure(安全的)

assure vt. 断然地说,确告,保证,担保【as-(=ad-=to)+sure=朝向安全】

ensure vt. 保证,担保,使安全【en-(to cause to be)+sure=使确定,确保,保护,保证】insure vt. 给……保险【in-(into)+sure=使进入安全状态】

15) cess,ceed, cede=to go(去),to yield(让步)

access ① n. 通路,访问② vt. 存取,接近【access】

process ① n. 过程,作用,方法② vt. 加工,处理【pro-(=forward)+cess=向前走】

excess a. 过度的,额外的【ex-(=out)+cess=走出去了】

recess v. 暂停【re-(=back, against)+cess=退居】

16) form=to form(形成)

inform v. (~ of/about) 通知,告诉,获悉,告知【in-(=into)+form=在里面造成】

reform ① n. 改革,改善② vt. 改革,革新,重新组成【re-(=again)+form=再造形】

transform v. 转换,改变,改造【trans-(=across)+form=移转形状】

perform vt. 履行,执行,表演【per-(through)+form=完全的造形】

17) ject=to throw(投,掷)

eject vt. 逐出,撵出【e- (=out)+ject=向外投】

inject vt. 注射,注入【in-(=on)+ject=投掷进来】

object v. 反对,拒绝【ob-(=before)+ject=被掷于眼前的东西】

project ① n. 计划,方案② v. 设计,计划,投射,放映【pro-(=forward)+ject=投掷到前方】reject vt. 拒绝,抵制,否决【re-(=back)+ject=投掷回去】

前缀:

1) re-

retreat 撤退 replace 取代 recover 恢复,复元

retain 保留 reverse 颠倒 reform改革

2)trans

transmit 传播 transfer 转换,调任,转车

transport 运输 translate 翻译

3) pro-=for, before, forth, forward

proceed vi. 进行,继续下去【pro-+ceed (to go) = 往前】

produce vt. 提出,出示,生产,制造【pro-+duce (to lead) =向前引出】

profess v. 表示【pro-+fess (to acknowledge)=公开承认】

progress vi. 前进,进步,进行【pro-+gress (to walk) =向前进】

project ① n. 计划,方案② v. 设计,计划【pro-+ject (to throw) =向前投掷】

propose vt. 计划,建议【pro-+pose (to put) = 置于前方】

4) pre- =before

precaution n. 预防,警惕,防范【pre-+caution (小心) =事前的准备】

precede v. 领先(于),在……之前,先于【pre-+cede (to go) =走在前头】

predict v. 预知,预言,预报【pre-+dict (to say) =事先说】

prefer vt. 更喜欢,宁愿【pre-+fer (to carry) =搬到前面】

pretend vt. 假装,装扮【pre-+tend (to stretch, to spread) =展开于面前的】

present a. 现在的,出席的【pre-+sent (being) =在眼前】

5) per-=through, thoroughly, away

perceive vt. 察觉【per-+ceive (to take) =通过感觉去接受】

perfect a. 完美的,全然的【per-+fect (to make) =做得很好】

perform vt. 履行,执行,表演,演出【per-+form (to provide, to furnish)=完全供给】

permeate vt. 弥漫,渗透,透过,充满

perfume n. 香味,芳香,香水【per-+fume (to smoke) =像烟一样地飘】

6) trans-=beyone, across, over

transaction n. 交易,事务【trans-+action (drive) =不断推进事物】

transfer vt. 转移,调转,调任【trans-+fer (to carry) =越过……搬运】

transit vt. 横越,通过,经过【trans-+it (to go) =走到对岸】

translate vt. 翻译,解释,转化【trans-+late (to carry) =被搬到外面去】

transcend vt. 超越,胜过【trans-+scend (to climb) =超越……攀登】

7) dis-= apart, away

disadvantage n. 不利,不利条件

discard vt. 丢弃,抛弃【dis-+card (paper) =掷出无用的纸牌】

discern v. 目睹,认识,洞悉【dis-+cern (to separate) =一个一个分开】

disapprove v. 不赞成

discourage vt. 使气馁,阻碍【dis-+courage =剥夺勇气】

display vt. 陈列,展览,显示【dis-+play (to fold) =将重叠的东西伸展开来使能看到】

8) de-=apart, from

defer vi. 推迟,延期【de-+fer (to carry) =回到离开的地方】

defrost vt. 除霜,使(冰的食物)融化【de-+frost(霜)=分开霜】

detach vt. 分开,分离【de-+tach(to stake拴)=拴的相反】

9)re-=again, back

recall vt. 回忆,回想,记起【re-+call=唤回】

recede v. 后退【re-+cede(to go)=往后退】

reclaim vt. 要求归还,收回【re-+claim(to cry out)=反复叫喊】

reduce vt. 减少,缩小【re-+duce(to lead)=引导回归】

refer v. 提交,谈及,查阅【re-+fer(to bear, to carry)=运回】

refresh v.(使)精神振作,(使)精力恢复,更新【re-+fresh=使再度凉爽】

regress v. 复原,逆行,使倒退【re-+gress(to walk)=向后行走】

remedy vt. 治疗,补救【re-+medy(to heal)=重新冶疗】

resist vt. 抵抗,反抗【re-+sist(stand)=站在……对面】

10) ex-=out of, fully

exhaust vt. 用尽,耗尽,抽完,使筋疲力尽【ex-+haust(to draw)=抽出】

exhibit vt 展出,陈列【ex-+hibit(to have)=用手捧出来】

expire v. 期满,终止,呼气,断气【ex-+pire(to breathe)=吐气 inspire鼓舞(吸气)】

explicit a. 外在的,清楚的,直率的【ex-+plicit(folded)=向外折叠→表现在外面,implicit 暗含的】

11) com, con=together, with, wholly

coexist vi. 共存【co-+exist=共同存在】

concord n. 和谐,一致,和睦【con-+cord(heart)=同心】

confront vt. 使面临,对抗【con-+front(forehead)=面对面】

correct vt. 改正,纠正 a. 正确的,恰当的【cor-+rect(right)=使完全正确】

12) over-=above, across, beyond

overact v. 夸张表演

overburden vt. 装载过多,负担过多

overcome vt. 战胜,克服,胜过

overcrowd vt. 容纳过多的人,使过度拥挤

overlap v. 重叠

overturn vt. 推翻,颠倒

overwhelm vt. 淹没,覆没,受打击,制服,压倒

13) im-/in-=in, into, on

incline vt. 使倾向于,使倾斜【in-+cline(to lean)=向……靠过去】

include vt. 包括,包含【in-+clued(to shut)=关在里面exclude除外】

income n. 收入,收益【in-+come=进来的东西】

infect vt. [医]传染,感染【in-+fect(to make; to put)=to put in进入病菌】

inflate vt. 使膨胀,使得意,使(通货)膨胀,使充气【in-+flate(to blow)=吹进去→使膨胀】

inhibit vt.(常与from连用)阻止,抑制【in-+hibit(to have)=持着→压制】

insight n. 洞察力,见识【in-+sight=the power of seeing into】

insert vt. 插入,嵌入【in-+sert(to join)=加在里面】

implant v. 灌输【im-+plant=种入脑海中】

imprison vt. 监禁,关押【im-+prison=to put in prison】

14) sub-=under

subject vt. 使屈从于……,使隶属【sub-+ject(to throw)=往下投掷】

succeed v. 继……之后,继任,继承【suc-(=sub-)+ceed=跟随……走下去】

suppress vt. 镇压,抑制【sup-(=sub-)+press=往下压】

suspect v. 怀疑,猜想【sus-(=sub-)+pect=看下面】

3.形容词和副词

1)表示物质之本源基础最初的副词

originally 起初地,一开始 initially 起初地,一开始

basically 基础地 primarily 基础地

virtually 实质上地,本质上地 literally 实质上地,本质上地technically 实质上地,本质上地 practically 实质上地,本质上地exactly 恰恰是,准确地 precisely 恰恰是,精确地

accurately 恰恰是,精确地

2)表示程度

potentially 潜在地

partially 部分地

completely 完全地 thoroughly 彻底地 totally 完全地 entirely 完全地ultimately极度地 whole 全部的

3) 表示态度

seriously 严肃的,严重的 gravely 严肃的,严重的

causally 随意的,漫不经心的

consistently 一致的,始终如一的,一贯的

persistently 坚持不懈的,执着的

4.介词

1)to

add A to B 把A添加到B

attribute A to B 把A事物的原因归到B身上。

owe A to B 把A事物的原因归到B身上

坚持

stick to doing sth hold on to doing sth

反对做某事

object to doing sth be opposed to doing sth

贡献,奉献,投身于,全身心做某事

contribute to doing sth be devoted to doing sth

be dedicated to doing sth be committed to doing sth

从A到B大小不同

vary from A to B range from A to B

习惯于

be accustomed to doing be adapted to doing

be used to doing

其它

to the extent 到达某种程度 have access to 有获得某物的途径

key to solution to

2)by 幅度差

The price has risen by 20% 价格上涨了20%。

3)for

account for 解释 mistake A for B 把A当作B

exchange A for B 用A来换取B

4) with + 名词

With+名词放在句末相当于副词。

5) amid = among

6) anything but绝不是 She is good at anything but electronics. 她学电子学绝对学得不好

nothing but就是,只是,仅仅是。 You are nothing but a womanizer.

7)on

depend on=rely on 依赖于,取决于

insist on doing sth

8) as

as…as…

as much as, as many as 多达……

half as much as.. 一半 as long as, 只要

as, 作为

as a physician 作为一个内科大夫

in the same way as 用同样的方式 as a result, 因此。

as a matter of fact, 实际上

as is known, 正如人们所知(as is expected, 正如人们所料想的,)

as usual 像往常一样

8) in

In the long run 从长久来看 In effect, 实际上 In the light of, 根据,鉴于

(完整)2018高考完形填空高频词汇

完形填空高频词汇 第1组 1.accurate adj.准确的,正确的;精确的 2.admire v.钦佩;赞美;崇拜 3.admit v.承认;准许进入;可容纳 4.annoy v.使恼怒,使不高兴 5.adventure n.冒险,奇遇 6.anxiety n.担忧,焦虑;渴望 7.anxious adj.忧虑的,焦急的;渴望的 8.apart adv.相隔,相距;分离;除外 9.appearance n.出现,露面;容貌,外表,外观 10.appoint v.任命,委任;安排;确定(时间、地点);指定;约定11.appreciate v.欣赏;感激;理解 12.appreciation n.欣赏;鉴定,评估;感激;理解13.approach n.途径,方式,方法 v.靠近,接近;建议;要求 14.arrival n.到来,到达;到达者,到达物 15.ashamed adj.惭愧的;害臊的;羞耻的 16.assist v.帮助,协助,援助 17.astonishing adj.惊人的;令人惊讶的 18.attach v.把……固定;重视;系,贴,连接;使附属;使依恋19.attack vt.& n.攻击,侵害;(疾病等的)突然发作 20.attitude n.态度 21.avoid v.避免,躲开,逃避,回避 22.awkward adj.令人尴尬的,使人难堪的 23.basic adj.基本的,基础的 24.behaviour n.行为,举止 25.believe v.相信,认为

26.besides prep.除……以外(还有……) adv.此外(还),而且 27.beyond prep.(表示位置)在……较远的一边;超过;迟于28.blame n.& v.责备;责怪,埋怨 29.boring adj.乏味的,令人厌烦的 30.brave adj.勇敢的 31.broad adj.宽的,宽阔的 32.burden n.(义务、责任等的)重担,负担 v.烦扰;使负重,装载 第2组1.calm adj.镇静的,沉着的,平静的 v.镇静,使平静下来学+/科-*网 2.care n.照料,保护,忧虑 v.介意……,在乎;关心 3.carefully adv.小心地,仔细地 4.carry v.运送;传送;传递 5.carve vt.刻;雕刻 6.change n.变化;零钱 v.改变,更换;兑换 7.cheat n.& v.骗取,哄骗;作弊,舞弊 8.cheerful adj.兴高采烈的,快活的 9.choice n.选择;抉择 10.circumstance n.条件;环境;状况,情况 11.clap vi.拍手;鼓掌 n.拍手 12.clean vt.打扫,清扫 adj.清洁的,干净的 13.colleague n.同事 14.colour n.颜色

上海高考英语完形填空高频词汇

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