物联网智能交通控制系统中英文对照外文翻译文献

物联网智能交通控制系统中英文对照外文翻译文献

(文档含英文原文和中文翻译)

原文：

Internet of Things

1.the definition of connotation

The English name of the Internet of Things The Internet of Things, referred to as: the IOT.Internet of Things through the pass, radio frequency identification technology, global positioning system technology, real-time acquisition of any monitoring, connectivity, interactive objects or processes, collecting their sound, light, heat, electricity, mechanics, chemistry, biology, the location of a variety of the information you need network access through a variety of possible things and things, objects and people in the Pan-link intelligent perception of items and processes, identification and management. The Internet of Things IntelliSense recognition technology and pervasive computing, ubiquitous

network integration application, known as the third wave of the world's information industry development following the computer, the Internet. Not so much the Internet of Things is a network, as Internet of Things services and applications, Internet of Things is also seen as Internet application development. Therefore, the application of innovation is the core of the development of Internet of Things, and 2.0 of the user experience as the core innovation is the soul of Things.

2.The meaning of "material"

Where the "objects" to meet the following conditions can be included in the scope of the "Internet of Things":

1. Receiver have the appropriate information;

2. Have a data transmission path;

3. Have a certain storage capabilities;

4. To have the CPU;

5．To have the operating system;

6. Have specialized applications;

7. Have a data transmitter;

8. Follow the communication protocol of Things;

9. World Network, a unique number that can be identified.

3．change

The Internet of Things (Internet of Things) the word universally recognized at home and abroad Ashton, Professor of the MIT Auto-ID Center in 1999 first proposed to study RFID. The report of the same name released in 2005, the International Telecommunication Union (ITU), the definition and scope of the Internet of Things has been a change in the coverage of a larger expansion, no longer refers only to the Internet of Things based on RFID technology.

Since August 2009, Premier Wen Jiabao put forward the "Experience China" Internet of Things was officially listed as a national one of the five emerging strategic industries, to write the "Government Work Report" Internet of Things in China has been the great concern of the society as a whole degree of concern is unparalleled in the United States, European Union, as well as other countries.

The concept of Internet of Things is not so much a foreign concept, as it has been the concept of a "Made in China", his coverage of the times, has gone beyond the scope of the 1999 Ashton professor and the 2005 ITU report referred to, Internet of Things has been labeled a "Chinese style" label.

4．Principle

Internet of Things is on the basis of the computer Internet, RFID, wireless data communications technology, to construct a cover everything in the world's "Internet of Things". In this network, the goods (products) to each other "exchange", without the need for human intervention. Its essence is the use of radio frequency identification (RFID) technology to achieve the interconnection and sharing of the automatic identification of goods (products) and information through the computer Internet.

The Internet of Things is a very important technology is radio frequency identification (RFID) technology. RFID is radio frequency identification (Radio Frequency Identification) technology abbreviation, is an automatic identification technology in the 1990s began to rise, the more advanced a non-contact identification technology. The development of RFID technology based on a simple RFID system, combined with existing network technology, database technology, middleware technology, to build a one composed by a large number of networked readers and numerous mobile label, much larger than the Internet of Things trend.

RFID, It is able to let items "speak" a technique. In the "Internet of Things" concept, RFID tags are stored in the specification and interoperability information collected automatically by wireless data communications network to a central information system, to achieve the identification of goods (products), and then through the open computer network for information exchange and sharing, items "transparent" management.

The information technology revolution in the Internet of Things is referred to as IT mobile Pan of a specific application. Internet of Things through IntelliSense, identification technology and pervasive computing, ubiquitous network convergence applications, breaking the conventional thinking before, human beings can achieve ubiquitous computing and network connectivity [3]. The traditional thinking has been the separation of physical infrastructure and IT infrastructure: on the one hand, airports, roads, buildings, while on the other hand, the data center, PC, broadband. In the era of the "Internet of Things", reinforced concrete, cable with the chip, broadband integration into a unified infrastructure, in this sense, the infrastructure is more like a new site of the Earth, the world really works it, which including economic management, production operation, social and even personal life. "Internet of Things" makes it much more refined and dynamic management of production and life, to manage the future of the city to achieve the status of "wisdom" to improve resource utilization and productivity levels, and improve the relationship between man and nature.

5．Agency

1, institution-building

As the first national Internet of Things industry community organizations - the application of professional Committee of China Electronic Chamber of Things technology products (referred to as: "objects of the IPCC"), the Ministry of Civil Affairs in June 2010, preliminary approved by the Ministry of August being reported that the Ministry of Civil Affairs for final approval.

2, the main task

Serve as a bridge between business and government to assist the Government of the industry guidance, coordination, consultation and services to help members to reflect the business requirements to the Government; coordinate the relationship between enterprises to strengthen technical cooperation, product distribution, the elimination of vicious competition ; supervision of members the correct implementation of national laws and regulations, to regulate the industry; member of information communication technology products, cooperation, resource sharing, capital operation, and promote the application of Internet of Things technologies and products, and promote the Internet of Things industrial scale , co-development.

6．Construction

Internet of Things in the practical application to carry out requires the involvement of all walks of life, and need the guidance of the national government as well as related regulations and policies to assist the launching of the Internet of Things has the scale, broad participation, management, technical, and material properties, etc. other features, the technical problem is the most crucial issues of Things billion Bo logistics consulting, Internet of Things technology is an integrated technology, a system not yet which company has overall responsibility for network planning and construction of the entire system, theoretical studies have commenced in all walks of life and the practical application is limited to within the industry. The key is on the planning and design and research and development of the Internet of Things research in the field of RFID, sensors, embedded software, and transmission of data calculation. In general, to carry out the steps of the Internet of things mainly as follows:

(1) identified the object attributes, properties, including static and dynamic properties of the static property can be stored directly in the label, the dynamic properties need to start with sensors to detect real-time;

(2) the need to identify the equipment to complete the reading of object attributes, and

information into a data format suitable for network transmission;

(3) the object of information transmitted over the network to the information processing center (processing center may be distributed, such as home computers or mobile phones, may also be centralized, such as China Mobile IDC) by the processing center to complete the object communication calculation.

7．key areas

Internet of Things 4 key areas:

(1) RFID;

(2) sensor network;

(3) The M2M;

(4) integration of the two.

8.Trend

Industry experts believe that the Internet of things on the one hand can improve economic efficiency and significant cost savings; the other hand, can provide technical impetus to global economic recovery. Currently, the United States, the European Union are all invested heavily in-depth study to explore the Internet of Things. The country is also highly concerned about the emphasis of Things, Industry and Information Technology Ministry in conjunction with the relevant departments are conducting research in a new generation of IT to the formation of policies and measures to support the development of a new generation of IT.

China Mobile CEO Wang Jianzhou has repeatedly mentioned the Internet of Things will become the focus of future development of China Mobile. He will be invited to Taiwan to produce RFID, sensors and bar code manufacturers and China Mobile. According to him, the use of the Internet of Things technology, Shanghai Mobile has a number of industrial customers tailor the data collection, transmission, processing and business management in one set of wireless application solutions. The latest data show that Shanghai Mobile has more than 100,000 chips mounted on a taxi, bus, various forms of matter networking applications in all walks of prowess, to ensure the orderly operation of the city. During the Shanghai World Expo, "the bus services through" will be fully applied to the Shanghai public transport system, the smooth flow traffic to the most advanced technology to protect Expo area; for logistics transportation management, e-logistics ", will provide users with real-time accurate information of Cargo, vehicle tracking and positioning, the transport path selection, logistics network design and optimization services greatly enhance the comprehensive competitiveness of logistics enterprises.

In addition, the popularization of the "Internet of Things" for the number of animals, plants and machinery, sensors and RFID tags of items and related interface devices will greatly exceed the number of mobile phones. The promotion of the Internet of Things will become a drive to promote economic development for the industry to open up a potential development opportunities. According to the current demand on the Internet of Things, in recent years, billions of sensors and electronic tags, which will greatly promote the production of IT components, while increasing the number of job opportunities.

According to reports, it is necessary to truly build an effective Internet of things, there are two important factors. First, the scale, only with the scale to make the items of intelligence play a role. For example, a city of one million vehicles, if we only 10000 vehicles installed on the smart system, it is impossible to form an intelligent transportation system; two mobility items are usually not static, but in the state of the movement , we must maintain the items in the state of motion, and even high-speed motion state can at any time for dialogue.

FORRESTER of the authority of the U.S. advisory body predicted that 2020, the world of business of the Internet of Things, compared with the business of interpersonal communication, will reach 30 to 1, so the "Internet of Things" is known to be the next one trillion communications services.

Internet of Things heat wave Why is rapidly growing in China? Internet of Things in China rapid rise thanks to the several advantages of our country in terms of things.

In the early 1999 launched the Internet of Things core sensor network technology research, R & D level in the world; the second, sensor network field in the world, China is the standard one of the dominant country, the patent owner; third China is one of the countries to achieve a complete industrial chain of Things; Fourth, China's wireless communications network and broadband coverage provides a solid infrastructure to support the development of the Internet of Things; Fifth, China has become the world's first the three major economies, with strong economic strength to support the development of the Internet of Things.

https://www.360docs.net/doc/a33978921.html,es

Things widely used throughout the intelligent transportation, environmental protection, government, public safety, peace at home, smart fire, industrial monitoring, environmental monitoring, elderly care, personal health, floriculture, water monitoring, food traceability, enemy detection and intelligence collection and other fields.

International Telecommunication Union in 2005, a report has portrayed the picture of

the era of the "Internet of Things": car when the driver operational errors will automatically alarm; briefcase will remind the owner forgot something; clothes will "tell" washing machine color and water temperature requirements. Billion Bo logistics consulting vivid introduction of Things in the logistics field, for example, a logistics company, application of Things truck, when loading overweight, the car will automatically tell you overloaded and overload how many, but the space remaining , the severity of goods with how to tell you; when handling staff unloading a cargo packaging may be shouting "throw you hurt me", or "My dear, you do not get too barbaric, you can?"; when the driver and others gossip, trucks will pretend boss's voice roaring "stupid, the grid!

Internet of things to make full use of a new generation of IT technology in all walks of life among, specifically, is embedded sensors and equipment to the power grid, railways, bridges, tunnels, highways, buildings, water systems, dams, oil and gas pipelines, etc.kinds of objects, and then "Internet of Things" with the existing Internet to integrate and realize the integration of human society and the physical system, which in this integrated network, there is the ability to super-powerful central computer cluster, integrated network staff implementation of real-time management and control of the machinery, equipment and infrastructure, on this basis, the human can be more refined and dynamic management of production and life, to achieve the status of the "wisdom", to improve resource utilization and productivity levels, and improve human the relationship between the natural.

There is no doubt that if the "Internet of Things" era, people's daily lives will have seen dramatic changes. However, the talk about privacy and radiation, the single-All items are implanted identification chip that now seems unrealistic. Is moving toward the era of the "Internet of Things", but this process may take a very long time.

译文：

物联网

1.定义内涵

物联网的英文名称为The Internet of Things,简称：IOT。物联网通过传器、射频识别技术、全球定位系统等技术，实时采集任何需要监控、连接、互动的物体或过程，采集其声、光、热、电、力学、化学、生物、位置等各种需要的信息，通过各类可能的网络接入，实现物与物、物与人的泛在链接，实现对物品和过程的智能化感知、识别和管理。物联网是通过智能感知、识别技术与普适计算、泛在网络的融合应用，被称为继计算机、互联网之后世界信息产业发展的第三次浪潮。与其说物联网是网络，不如说物联网是业务和应用，物联网也被视为互联网的应用拓展。因此应用创新是物联网发展的核心，以用户体验为核心的创新2.0是物联网发展的灵魂。

2.“物”的涵义

这里的“物”要满足以下条件才能够被纳入“物联网”的范围：

1．要有相应信息的接收器；

2．要有数据传输通路；

3．要有一定的存储功能；

4．要有CPU；

5．要有操作系统；

6．要有专门的应用程序；

7．要有数据发送器；

8．遵循物联网的通信协议；

9．在世界网络中有可被识别的唯一编号。

3.变化

物联网(Internet of Things)这个词，国内外普遍公认的是MIT Auto-ID中心Ashton教授1999年在研究RFID时最早提出来的。在2005年国际电信联盟（ITU）发布的同名报告中，物联网的定义和范围已经发生了变化，覆盖范围有了较大的拓展，不再只是指基于RFID技术的物联网。

自2009年8月温家宝总理提出“感知中国”以来,物联网被正式列为国家五大新兴战略性产业之一，写入“政府工作报告”，物联网在中国受到了全社会极大的关注，其受关注程度是在美国、欧盟、以及其他各国不可比拟的。

物联网的概念与其说是一个外来概念，不如说它已经是一个“中国制造”的概念，他的覆盖范围与时俱进，已经超越了1999年Ashton教授和2005年ITU报告所指的范围，物联网已被贴上“中国式”标签。

4.原理

物联网是在计算机互联网的基础上，利用RFID、无线数据通信等技术，构造一个覆盖世界上万事万物的“Internet of Things”。在这个网络中，物品(商品)能够彼此进行“交流”，而无需人的干预。其实质是利用射频自动识别(RFID)技术，通过计算机互联网实现物品(商品)的自动

识别和信息的互联与共享。

物联网中非常重要的技术是射频识别（RFID）技术。RFID是射频识别（Radio Frequency Identification）技术英文缩写，是20世纪90年代开始兴起的一种自动识别技术，是目前比较先进的一种非接触识别技术。以简单RFID系统为基础，结合已有的网络技术、数据库技术、中间件技术等，构筑一个由大量联网的阅读器和无数移动的标签组成的，比Internet更为庞大的物联网成为RFID技术发展的趋势。

而 RFID，正是能够让物品“开口说话”的一种技术。在“物联网”的构想中，RFID标签中存储着规范而具有互用性的信息，通过无线数据通信网络把它们自动采集到中央信息系统，实现物品(商品)的识别，进而通过开放性的计算机网络实现信息交换和共享，实现对物品的“透明”管理。

信息化革命的浪潮，物联网被称为信息技术移动泛在化的一个具体应用。物联网通过智能感知、识别技术与普适计算、泛在网络的融合应用，打破了之前的传统思维，人类可以实现无所不在的计算和网络连接[3]。传统的思路一直是将物理基础设施和IT基础设施分开：一方面是机场、公路、建筑物，而另一方面是数据中心，个人电脑、宽带等。而在“物联网”时代，钢筋混凝土、电缆将与芯片、宽带整合为统一的基础设施，在此意义上，基础设施更像是一块新的地球工地，世界的运转就在它上面进行，其中包括经济管理、生产运行、社会管理乃至个人生活。“物联网”使得人们可以更加精细和动态的方式管理生产和生活，管理未来的城市，达到“智慧”状态，提高资源利用率和生产力水平，改