动词不定式与非谓语动词
动词不定式
不定式：to + 动词原形
知识梳理：提纲挈领，抓住重点和难点！
动词不定式的基本形式是“to + 动词原形”，有时可以不带to。动词不定式（或不定式短语）没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能作谓语。动词不定式仍可保留动词的特点，即可以有自己的宾语和状语。动词不定式同它的宾语或状语构成不定式短语。
如：to read the newspaper, to speak at the meeting 等
动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，因此在句子中可以作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语：
It is not easy to learn a foreign language.
It took us three days to do the work.
动词不定式的否定形式由“not+动词不定式”构成. 如:
Tell him not to be late.
The policeman told the boys not to play in the street.
4) 不定式省去to的情况: 在感官动词see，watch，look at，hear，listen to，feel和使役动词make，have，let等所接的宾语中（不定式做宾语不足语），不定式应省去to。但是在被动语态中不能省。如：
Let me listen to you sing the song.
He watched his son play computer games.
I saw him run away.------He was seen to run away.
The boss make the workers work the whole night.----The workers were made to work the whole night.
5) 动词不定式和疑问词连用
动词不定式可以和疑问词what ,which, how, where, when 等连用，构成不定式短语。如：The question is when to start.
I don’t know where to go .
He showed me how to use a computer.
What to do is a big problem.
例题解析：举一反三，学的更轻松！
翻译下列句子，说出句中不定式的作用：
1. To grow plants is very important.
2. It is so nice to hear your voice.
3. My dream is to be a pilot.
4. He began to read and write at the age of five.
5. The teacher asked me to speak more loudly.
6. Tom came to see me last night.
7. I am glad to see you.
8.Have you got anything to say?
9.There are many places to see in China.
10.I asked him not to open the window.
11. I don’t know what to buy for you.
12. I saw him dance.
13. He often helps me clean the room.
14. They are too shy to speak English.
15. He was lucky enough to find his watch.
16. I want you to go there together with me.
解析：1、To grow plants做主语；2、to hear your voice做主语；3、to be a pilot作表语；
4、to read and write作宾语；
5、to speak more loudly作宾语补足语；
6、to see me作状语；
7、to see you作状语；8、to say作定语；9、to see作定语；10、not to open the window 作宾语补足语；11、what to buy作宾语；12、dance作宾语补足语（省略to）；13、clean the room作宾语补足语（省略to）；14、to speak English作状语；15、to find his watch 作状语；16、to go there together with me作宾语补足语。
练习与巩固：熟能生巧，取得好成绩！
选择最佳答案填空：
1. Tell him ______ the light.
A. to turn
B. not to turn on
C. to not turn
D. not to turn
2. It took us more than two hours _______ the dinner.
A. prepare
B. preparing
C. to prepare
D. to be prepared
3. We felt the earth _______.
A. move
B. moveing
C. to move
D. be moved
4. The students were made ______ the text ten times.
A. read
B. reading
C. to read
D. to be read
5. The chair looks rather hard _______, but in fact it is very comfortable.
A. to sit
B. to sit on
C. sitting
D. sit
6. Nobody knows __________next.
A. what to do
B. to do what
C. which to do
D. how to do
7. It is very important ______ us ________these words.
A. to, to remember
B. for, to remember
C. for, remember
D. for, remembering
8. _______ English well, one must have a lot practice.
A. For speaking
B. Speaking
C. To speak
D. Speak
9. I’m going to the library ______ the books.
A. return
B. borrow
C. to return
D. to lend
10. We went to town _________ some shopping.
A. doing
B. did
C. to make
D. to do
11. The funny story _______ me laugh.
A. make
B. making
C. to make
D. made
12. After the final exam, I think all the students want _________.
A. stop to have a rest
B. to stop having a rest
C. to stop to have a rest
D. stopping to have a rest
13. It is very kind _______ you to help me with my housework. It is hard _____me to do all
the work.
A. of, for
B. for, of
C. of, to
D. to, for
14. Many people think it very difficult _______ English.
A. to say
B. to learn
C. speak
D. for speaking
15. The teacher asked the students __________ her _______ the word again.
A. listen to; to read
B. to hear; say
C. to listen to; speak
D. to listen to; pronounce
16.Remember ______ the book here tomorrow.
A. bring
B. to bring
C. take
D. to take
17. ---Let's have a rest, shall we?
--- Not now. I don't want to stop _______ the letter yet.
A. write
B. to write
C. writing
D. and write
18. ---This physics problem is too difficult. Can you show me __________, Wang Lin?
--- Sure.
A. what to work it out
B. what to work out it
C. how to work it out
D. how to work out it
19.--- How can I improve my spoken English?
--- You have to practise ______ as much as you can.
A. speak
B. speaking
C. spoken
D. to speak
20. --- How about going hiking this weekend?
--- Sorry. I prefer _______ rather than _______.
A. to stay at home, go out
B. to go out, stay at home
C. staying at home, go out
D. going out, stay at home
1-5 BBACB 6-10 ABCCD 11-15 DCABD 16-20 BCCBA
非谓语动词
一.定义：非谓语动词是指在句子中不是谓语的动词，即动词的非谓语形式。约占中考10%。
二.分类：动词不定式、v-ing形式和过去分词。
1.动词不定式
1)构成：(not) to do / (not) do
2)句法功能：
（1）作主语：
To finish the work in ten minutes is very hard. 十分钟之内完成这项工作是很难的。
To lose your heart means failure. 灰心意味着失败。
动词不定式短语作主语时，常用it作形式主语，真正的主语不定式置于句后，
例如上面两句可用如下形式：
It is very hard to finish the work in ten minutes. 十分钟之内完成这项工作是很难的。
It means failure to lose your heart. 灰心意味着失败。
常用句式：It+be+名词+to do sth.
It takes sb.+some time+to do sth.
It+be+形容词+of /forsb +to do sth.
常用careless, clever, good, foolish, honest, kind, lazy, nice, right, silly, stupid,
wise,等表示赞扬或批评的形容词，不定式前的sb.可作其逻辑主语。
区别：当使用for时，句中形容词修饰的是不定式；
It’s necessary for you to study hard .
（necessary 修饰to study hard，表示学习努力是有必要的）
而用of时，句中形容词修饰逻辑主语。
It’s foolish of him to do it .（foolish 修饰逻辑主语him）（2）作表语：
Her job is to clean the hall. 她的工作是打扫大厅。
seem作连系动词，其后的to be 不定式可省。
She seems to be ill today.= She seems ill.= It seems that she is ill.
（3）作宾语：
常与不定式做宾语连用的动词有：want, hope, wish, offer, fail, plan, learn, pretend,
refuse, manage, help, agree, promise, prefer,
I hope to get good grades. I want to help you.
注意：
①如果不定式（宾语）后面有宾语补足语，则用it作形式宾语，真正的宾语（不定
式）后置，放在宾语补足语后面。
I found it difficult to learn math well.
②动词不定式也可充当介词宾语。
I have no choice but to stay here. 我只能留在这里，别无选择。
He did nothing last Sunday but repair his bike.
他上周日除了修他的自行车什么也没干。
③动词不定式前有时可与疑问词连用。
He gave us some advice on how to learn English. 他给了我们一些学英语的建议。
（4）作宾语补足语：
在复合宾语中，动词不定式可充当宾语补足语，如下动词常跟这种复合宾语：
want, wish, ask, tell, order, beg, permit, help, advise, persuade, allow, prepare, cause,
force, call on, wait for, invite.
有些动词如make, let, see, watch, hear, feel, have等与不带有to的不定式连用，但改为被动语态时，不定式要加to,
I saw him cross the road. He was seen to cross the road.
（5）作定语：
动词不定式作定语，放在所修饰的名词或代词后。
He found a good house to live in.
（6）作状语：
①表目的：
He worked day and night to get the money. 他夜以继日地工作来赚钱。
She sold her hair to buy the watch chain. 她卖掉了自己的头发来买那条表链。
②表结果(往往是与预期愿望相反的结果意料之外)，常位于句尾。
He arrived late only to find the train had gone. 他来晚了，只见火车已经走了。
I visited him only to find him out. 我去拜访他，只见他出去了。
③表原因：hey were very sad to hear the news. 他们听到这条新闻非常伤心。
④表程度：
It's too dark for us to see anything. 太暗了，我们什么也看不见。
⑤表条件：不定式表条件常位于句首。
To be heated，liquid will change into gas.如果受热，液体就会变成气体。
⑥表方式:不定式可接在as if / as though之后
He moved his mouth as if to say something. 他嘴唇动了动，好像要说什么事。
（7）不定式做独立成分
To tell you the truth, I don’t like it. 告诉你实话，我不喜欢它。
（8）不定式的省略：保留to省略do动词。
If you don't want to do it, you don't need to. 如果你不想做这件事，你就不必做。
（9）不定式的并列：第二个不定式可省略to。
He wished to study medicine and become a doctor. 他希望学医并成为医生。
2.v-ing形式
1）分类：v-ing形式包括现在分词和动名词，
2）句法功能：
（1）作主语：
Reading aloud is very helpful. 朗读是很有好处的。
（2）作表语：
In the ant city, the queen's job is laying eggs. 在蚂蚁王国，蚁后的工作是产卵。
（3）作宾语：
They haven't finished building the dam. 他们还没有建好大坝。
要记住如下动词及短语只跟动名词作宾语：
enjoy, finish, suggest, avoid, excuse, delay, imagine, keep, miss, consider, admit（承认），deny（否认）, mind, permit, forbid, practise, risk（冒险）,
appreciate（感激）, be busy, be worth, feel like, can't stand, can't help（情不自禁地）, think of, dream of, be fond of, prevent…(from),keep …from, stop…
（from）,protect…from, spend…(in), succeed in, be used to, look forward to,
pay attention to, insist on,
（4）作定语：
Is there a swimming pool in your school? 你们学校有游泳池吗？
3.过去分词
1）构成：-ed
2）句法功能：
（1）做定语
Our class went on an organized trip last Monday.
上周一我们班开展了一次有组织的旅行。
（2）做宾语补足语
I heard the song sung several times last week.
上周我听见这首歌被唱了好几次。
（3）做表语
They were frightened at the sad sight. 他们对眼前悲惨的景象感到很害怕。
注意：1.有些动词后使用动名词和动词不定式作宾语的差别
1）forget to do 忘记要去做某事（此事未做）
forget doing忘记做过某事（此事已做过或已发生）
2）stop to do 停止、中断（某件事），目的是去做另一件事
stop doing 停止正在做的事
3）remember to do 记住去做某事（未做）
remember doing记得做过某事(已做)
4) regret to do对要做的事遗憾
regret doing对做过的事遗憾、后悔
5）try to do尽全力，努力做某事
try doing尝试做某事
6) mean to do打算，有意要…
mean doing意味着
7）go on to do 继而（去做另外一件事情）
go on doing 继续（原先没有做完的事情）
8）propose to do 打算（要做某事）
proposing doing建议（做某事）
9) learn to do … 学着去做某事
learn doing … 学会做某事
10)can’t help to do…不能帮助做某事
can’t help doing … 情不自禁做某事
11)used to do … 过去做某事
be used to doing … 习惯做某事
12）e /love/hate/ prefer +to do 表示具体行为；+doing sth 表示抽象、倾向概念
（注)如果这些动词前有should一词，其后宾语只跟不定式，不能跟动名词。
I should like to see him tomorrow．
13）need, want, deserve +动名词表被动意义；The room needs cleaning.
+不定式被动态表示“要(修、清理等)”意思。
2.常考句式：
1）see/watch/notice/hear/find sb. doing sth. 强调动作正在进行
see/watch/notice/hear/find sb. to do sth. 强调动作发生的事实
2) keep sb. doing sth. 让某人做某事
3）finish doing sth. 做完某事
4）spend time/money (in) doing sth. 花费时间/金钱做某事
5）have difficulty/trouble doing sth. 做某事有困难
6）how/what about doing sth? 做某事怎么样？（提建议）
【模拟题】
一．根据句意，用所给动词的适当形式填空。
1. Is it necessary ____________(learn) a foreign language?
2. He is good at _____________(swim).
3. Do you have anything ____________(say) for yourself?
4. It’s spring now. it’s time _____________(plant) trees.
5. Don’t keep me _______(wait) for a long time.
6. The policeman told the boys not ____________(play) in the street.
7. Her son is too young __________(dress) himself.
8. Let’s __________(have) a rest, shall we?
9. The speaker spoke too quickly for us ____________(understand).
10. The little boy is not old enough________(read).
11. I asked him __________(show) me his new pen.
12. Knives are used for ______________(cut) things.
13. I really don’t know what __________(do) next.
14. I often hear people _________(say) “__________(see) is____________(believe)”.
15. You’d better _________(try) this medicine.
16. They said they had nothing _________(worry) about.
17. Can you finish ___________(read) the book in three days?
18. The doctor was busy ____________(operate) on the boy at that time.
19. ______(tell) you the truth, I dislike making friends with him.
20. Stop ___________(talk) and listen to me carefully.
21. Thank you very much for ____________(help) us.
22. Granny is very ill and she doesn’t feel like ___________(eat) anything.
23. Would you like __________(climb) the mountain with me?
24. The girl enjoys ___________(listen) to light music.
25.We couldn’t help ________(laugh) after we heard the funny story.
26. What about _________(go) out for a walk?
II．选择填空。
1.Would you please ____ the door for me?
A. holding
B. not to hold
C. hold D held
2.Seeing an old man getting off the train, she hurried over ____ things for him.
A. carrying
B. to carry
C. carried
D. for carrying
3.We’d really like you ____ to the party tonight.
https://www.360docs.net/doc/a411800673.html,e
B. to come
C. will come
D. should come
4.We can do nothing but ____ the experiment.
A.to repeat B repeat C. repeating D. repeated
5.Have you got any thing ____ about this matter?
A. saying
B. to say C said D. say
6.He was not ____ try it again.
A. such a fool as to
B. so a fool as to
C. a fool such as to
D. a fool so as to
7.He was too excited ____.
A. to go to sleeping
B. to slept
C. to go to sleep
D. going to sleep
8.We can’t have him ____ like that all day.
A.to work
B. working
C. to be worked
D. work
9.She were often heard ____ this song when she was happy.
A. sang B singing C. sung D. to be singing
10.The train was seen ____ at a very high speed toward the industrial center.
A.travel
B. travels
C. traveled
D. traveling
11..We’ll soon have a person ____ with us.
A. to work
B. working
C. worked D works
12.____ has not been decided yet.
ATo start when B. Why to start C. When to start D. Start to where
13. Do you think it difficult ____?
A. for me to do so
B. for my to do so
C. for I to do so
D. for me doing so
14. She keeps telling us ____.
A. what to do
B. doing what
C. what is doing
D. do what
15. ____ is not known.
A. Whom to begin the running test
B. When to begin the running test
C. When the running test begin
D. How begin to the running test
16. ____ the job alone is impossible.
A.To him to do
B. For him doing C For him to do D. For he to do
17. ____ it should be made clear.
A What to do B. Why to do C Whom to do D When can do
18.Our house needs ____ before the rainy season arrives.
A. to repair
B. to be repair
C. repaired
D. repairing
19.I haven’t decided which hotel ____.
A. to stay
B. is to stay at
C. to stay at
D. is for staying
20.I was almost asleep when I heard someone ____ at the door.
A. knock B to knock C. knocked D. being knocked
21.I often spent much money ____ books.
A. to buy
B. buying
C. on buying D for buying
22.If you practice ____ English whenever you can, you will soon speak well.
A. talking
B. going speak C speaking D to speak
23.We are tired of ____ the same problem all the time.
A discussing B. to discuss C. discussing for D. discuss
24.She usually forgets ____ the door, but she remembered ____ it yesterday.
A to shut…to shut B. shutting…shutting C. to shu t…shutting D. shutting…to
shut
25.I ____ a bus to school when it was raining.
Aam used to take B. used to taking C. use to take D was used to taking
26. I’m thirsty. Will you get me something ____?
A. drink
B. to drink
C. eat
D. eating
27. It was great fun _____ a picnic on the hill.
A. to have
B. of having
C. have
D. had
28. Lily, keep the window ____. The sandstorm hasn’t stopped yet.
A. close
B. closed
C. open
D. opened
29. A policeman saw two thieves ___ a girl’s mobile phon e on a bus and he caught them at
once.
A. to steal
B. stealing
C. stole
D. stolen
30. It’s bad for your eyes ____ computer games for a long time.
A. plays
B. to play
C. play
D. played
31. They were made ____ fourteen hours a day.
A. work
B. working
C. worked
D. to work
32. Is it always easier ____ friends than to keep them?
A. making
B. make
C. to make
D. made
33. He stood there for two hours ____ the game.
A. watched
B. watching
C. is watching
D. was watching
34. It ____ Jack twenty minutes ____ the math problem yesterday.
A. took; to work out
B. takes; worked out
C. has taken; work out
D. is taking; working out
35. When you leave, don’t forget ____ off the light.
A. to turn
B. turning
C. turn
D. turned
36. Who do you think you’d like ____?
A. to make friends
B. make friends
C. to make friends with
D. make friends with
37. Although Jeff loves KFC, he tries ____ it too often.
A. to eat
B. not eat
C. to not eat
D. not to eat
38. ----Hi, Betty. Shall we go swimming this Sunday?
----This Sunday? I am sorry, I have a lot of homework ____ this Sunday.
A. to do
B. done
C. do
D. to be done
39. Sally had no pen ____ yesterday morning.
A. to write
B. to write with
C. writing
D. writing with
40. ----Excuse me, sir. Look at the sign on the wall “NO ____”.
----Oh, I’m sorry. I’ll never do it again.
A. PARKED
B. SMOKE
C. SPITTING
D. SMOKED
41. ----Boys and girls, will you please ____ the park this afternoon? ----OK.
A. not cleaning out
B. not to clean out
C. to clean up
D. clean up
42. The Great Green Wall will stop the wind from ____ the earth away.
A. blow
B. blowing
C. blew
D. to blow
43. How about ____?
A. to go out for a walk
B. go swimming in the river
C. visiting the sick children in the hospital
D. to having lunch in the restaurant
44. It’s very kind ____ you to ____ me ____ the heavy bag.
A. for; tell; to take
B. of; thank; for
C. to; speak; to have
D. of; help; carry
45. Have you decided ____?
A. to go with whom
B. whom to go with
C. whom go with
D. with whom to go
46. Her hope ____ a gold medal in the 2008 Olympic Games.
A. to win
B. is to win
C. winning
D. will win
47. The meeting room is big enough ____ one hundred people.
A. holding
B. hold
C. to hold
D. holds
48. Would you please pass me the knife ____?
A. to cut the watermelon with
B. to cut the watermelon
C. cutting the watermelon
D. cutting the watermelon with
49. It is better to teach a man to fish than ____ him fish.
A. giving
B. to give
C. gives
D. gave
50. Jenny is interested in ____ in her free time.
A. listened to the radio
B. reading magazines
C. watch TV
D. plays tennis
51. The policeman warned the young man____ after drinking.
A. never to drive
B. to never drive
C. never driving
D. never drive
52. What do you think is the best way ____the wild animals?
A. protecting
B. to protect
C. protected
D. protect
53. I’d rather ____ on the land ____ in a factory.
A. work; than work
B. work; work
C. to work; than to work
D. to work; to work
54. They are looking forward to ____ all over the world.
A. travel
B. traveled
C. traveling
D. be traveled
55. Would you mind ____ because there’r e so many children ____ here?
A. smoke; play
B. smoking; playing
C. not smoking; play
D. not smoking; playing
56. ____ English is much easier than speaking it.
A. Read
B. To read
C. Reading
D. Reads
57. When he was in the office, he preferred ____ something ____ nothing.
A. to do; than do
B. to do; rather than
C. doing; rather than doing
D. doing; to doing
58. It’s too hot today. Why not ____ your coat?
A. taken off
B. to take off
C. take off
D. taking off
59. I find ____ him all about it.
A. necessary to tell
B. that necessary to
C. necessary it to tell
D. it necessary to tell
60. You’d better not spend more time _______ computer games.
A. for playing
B. in playing
C. to play
D. plays
61. The boy was made _______ there for an hour by his father.
A. standing
B. stand
C. to stand
D. stands
62. I must have my TV set _______. Something is wrong with it.
A. to repair
B. repairs
C. repaired
D. repairing
63. Would you please pass me the knife _______?
A. to cut the fruit with
B. to cut the fruit
C. cutting the fruit
D. cutting the fruit with
64. It is better to teach a man fishing than _______ him fish.
A. giving
B. to give
C. gives
D. give
65. My sister is interested in _______ in her free time.
A. watch TV
B. reading books
C. listening music
D. plays basketball
66. I have caught a cold and I don’t feel like _______ anything.
A. to eat
B. eating
C. ate
D. eats
67. --- Mother is good at _______ cakes. --- So she is.
A. to make
B. making
C. make
D. makes
68. I saw him _______ into the small store.
A. went
B. going
C. to go
D. has gone
( )69. He raised his voice to make everybody in the room ______ him clearly.
A. hear
B. to hear
C. hearing
D. heard
( )70. I didn’t go to the park yesterday because my mother asked me _______ my sister at home.
A. to look at
B. to look for
C. to look after
D. look like
导师签字：主任签字:
南京龙文教育总部
上海地区高三英语非谓语动词
上海地区2006 年高三英语非谓语动词 1. I wouldn ' t advise _______ there by bus, because it is too cowed. A. and go B. to go C. to going D. going 2. They found a ___ old woman ___ on the ground when the door was broken open. A. dying, lying B. dead, lied C. death, laying D. died, lain 3. Jack was a lazy boy. I often caught him _____ in class. A. sleeping B. slept C. to sleep D. sleep 4. His words left me ____ what he was driving at. A. to wonder B. wondering C. wondered D. wonder 5. I feel like ____ a long walk. Would you like _____ with me? A. taking, going B. taking, to go C. to take, to go D. to take, going 6. The teacher forbade _____ our seats. A. us to leave B. us leaving C. to leave D. to leaving 7. He finished his homework and then went on __ me. A. helping B. to helping C. with helping D. to help 8. You had better get a doctor ___ your bad tooth. A. pull out B. to pull out C. pulled put D. pulling out 9. I haven ' t got a chair ______ . Will you make room for me? A. to sit B. to sit in C. for sitting D. sitting on 10. By the way, when did you get your bedroom ___ ? A. to paint B. painted C. painting D. to be painted 11.I ' m afraid your suggestion can 't help _____ the service of their shop. A. improving B. in improving C. improve D. for improving
定语从句与非谓语动词的转换
定语从句和非谓语动词是高中阶段重要的两大语法项目。定语从句的应用可以使语言表达更精确更生动，显得使用者具有较高的英语文化底蕴，但也是中学英语的难点语法项目，许多同学在学习和运用定语从句时，感到很难理解。若将其简化，理解起来就比较简单了。而非谓语动词的正确使用，就可以使定语从句的理解容易化，简单化，而且使语句简练、更有文采。掌握二者的转换，有助于我们更好的理解其用法，并能够自如地运用。下面我就着重谈谈如何将定语从句转换成非谓语动词以及转换时应注意的事项。 1定语从句转换成不定式“to do”。 定语从句的谓语动词是将来时或含有情态动词或含有序数词the next，the last等时，该定语从句转换为不定式“to do”. （1）The plane which will arrive is from Hubei. →The plane to arrive is from Hubei。 （2）The students will go to a party that will be held in our class at 7：45. →The students will go to a p arty to be held in our class at 7：45. （3）He was the first boy who came to school. →He was the first boy to come to school. .2定语从句可转换成为“介词+关系代词或副词+不定式”。“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句和“介词+关系代词或副词+不定式”充当的定语，可以相互转换。被这种定语修饰的名词往往在逻辑上充当不定式动作的地点、时间或工具。例： （1）She wanted a room in which she could do her homework. →She wanted a room in which to do her homework. （2）She had only a pen with which she can write. →She had only a pen to write with.或She had only a pen with which to write. 注：定语从句转换成“介词+ 关系代词+不定式”时，此时的不定式一定是及物动词，如是不及物动词，则需在动词后面加上相应的介词。这个介词可提前到关系代词前面，也可留在句尾。前者是正式说法后者是非正式说法。而且上例中动词不定式与句子主语之间存在着逻辑上的主谓关系，否则就不能简单地把作定语的不定式都变成此结构。 “He is looking for a place for his friend to live in”这句话。我们就不能将句中的a place for his friend to live in改为a place to live in或a place in which to live。 3.1定语从句可以转换为现在分词（短语） 如果定语从句的谓语是主动语态，且发生的时间与主句的谓语所表示的动作所发生的时间同时，此时可以将定语从句转换成现在分词短语）。 （1）Have you ever talked to the girl who is dancing to music over there？→Have you ever talked to the girl dancing to music over there？ （2）The question that is being discussed is about how to improve living conditions. →The question being discussed is about how to improve living conditions. .2定语从句可以转化为过去分词（短语） 如定语从句的谓语是被动语态，或是“系动词+过去分词（表语）”结构，且从句的谓语动词所表示的动作或状态是在主句的谓语之前发生或无明确的时间。此时，我们可以将定语从句转换成过去分词（短语）。有时定语从句谓语虽然是主动语态.但它表示的动作在主句谓语之前就已经完成，这时我们可以将定语从句转换成过去分词（短语）。 （1）The report that was made yesterday will be discussed today. →The report made yesterday will be discussed today. （2）The dictionary which my mother bought for me is very useful.
翻译练习2非谓语动词(完整版)
翻译练习2 非谓语动词 1.It is necessary_____________________________________(我们赶上) the world’s advanced levels. 2.His remarks left me ___________________________________________(想知道 他的真实目的) 3._____________________________________________________(在高速公路上 抛锚), his car was carried away by the police. 4.She felt nervous with ___________________________________________________. (众多的目光聚集在她身上) 5.When I __________________________________________,(发现他骗我) I stopped buying things there and started dealing with another shop. 6.He raised his voice in order to _________________________________________________. (为了让观众能听到) 7._______________________________________________(在市区超速) violates traffic regulations. https://www.360docs.net/doc/a411800673.html,st week, Tom and his friends celebrated his twentieth birthday, _________________________________________________.(尽情地唱歌跳舞) 9.It’s no good _____________________________________________________. (试图说服他不干那件事情) 10. ____________________________________________(一切准备就绪)，they began to make a new experiment.
英语中if引导的条件状语从句用动词原形还是非谓语动词
英语中if引导的条件状语从句用动词原形 还是非谓语动词 请看下面的句子，空格处应填动词原形还是非谓语动词： If they don't understand it the first time, _________ over it again until they do. A. going B. to go C. gone D. go 【分析】此题正确答案选D，其余几项均有可能被误选。空格前if 引导的是一个条件状语从句，而在空格处无论是填A、B或C，它都是一个非谓语动词短语，而不是一个句子，这样一来，整个句子没有主句，从而导致结构不完整。若选D，则go over it again until they do 则是一个句子(祈使句)，在此用作主语。又如： (1) If he likes to eat it, _________ him some more. A. give B. giving C. given D. to give (2) If anyone calls, _________ them I'm not at home.
A. tell B. telling C. told D. to tell (3) When your mother comes back, _________ her to come to school at once. A. ask B. asking C. asked D. to ask (4) While the baby is sleeping, _________ your work as soon as possible. A. finish B. finishing C. finished D. to finish 答案均选A，空格前分别为if, when, while 引导的状语从句，空格处填动词原形，构成祈使句，用作句子主语。
高三英语高考非谓语动词专题
非谓语动词专练100题 1. The great hall was crowded with many people, _____ many children _____on their parents’ laps. A. including; seated B. including; seating C. included; sat D. included; sitting 2. It’s said that the Olympic Games _____ in Beiji ng in 2008 will cover more events than any other Olympics did. A. holding B. to be held C. held D. to be holding 3. _____ for a long time, most of the crops in this area died from lacking water. A. Being no rain B. There was no rain C. To be no rain D. There being no rain 4. Yesterday a street-beggar bought a lottery ticket purposelessly, _____ him a millionaire overnight. A. making B. makes C. to make D. made 5. In the face of the big fire in October in California, many people in the fire-stricken areas moved out _____. A. to escape burning B. to escape being burned C. escaping burned D. escaping from burning 6. Taking this medicine, if _____, will of course do good to his health. A. continued B. to continue C. continues D. continuing 7. The little boy still needs the _____ 20 dollars to do with some things _____. A. remaining; remained to be settled B. remaining; remaining to be settled C. remained; remained to settle D. remained; remaining to settle 8. _____ his age, the little boy read quite well. A. Considering B. Considered C. Consider D. Having considered 9. _____ from the appearance, it is very peaceful; but in fact, a war will break out soon. A. Judged B. Judging C. Having judged D. To judge 10. —Tom enjoys _____ basketball on Sunday afternoons, doesn’t he? — Yes, he does. But what his sister enjoys _____. A. to play; dancing B. playing; to dance C. to play; to dance D. playing; is to dance 11. His letter, _____ to the wrong number, reached me late. A. having been addressed B. to have addressed C. to have been addressed D. being addressed 12. The Space Shuttle Columbia broke into pieces over Texas as it returned to the earth on February 1, 2003, _____ all seven astronauts aboard. A. having killed B. killing C. being killed D. killed 13. There are lots of places of interest _____ in our city. A. needs repairing B. needing repaired C. needed repairing D. needing to be repaired 14. — What caused the party to be put off? — _____ the invitations. A. Tom delayed sending B. Tom’s delaying sending C. Tom delaying to send D. Tom delayed to send 15. I was afraid _____ to my customers because I was afraid _____ them. A. of talking back; to lose B. of talking back; of losing C. to talk back; to lose D. to talk back; of losing 16. Standing on the top of the hill, I would not do anything but _____ the flowing of the smog
定语从句与非谓语动词
二．定语从句： 定语从句三步：第一找出先行词（被修饰的那个名词或代词）；第二看从句缺少什么成份（如主语、宾语或状语）；第三选择合适的引导词。 注意：引导词在介词后，指人只能用whom 指物只能用which 高考对定语从句的考查常涉及以下几个方面： 【考点6】正确区别限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的结构；理解关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中的作用；特别注意指代整个主句内容的关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句。非限制性定语从句，从意义上来说，是对主语的补充说明，从结构上来看，先行词和定语从句之间用逗号隔开，He makes great progress in his English learning, which makes his mother very happy. ⑧I shall never forget the day _____ Shenzhou V was launched, _____ has a great effect on my life. A. when; which B. that; which C. which; that D. when; that (2004北京东城) 【考点7】关系代词that，who，which以及as的用法区别。 指人时常只用who不用that的情况； 指物时只用which不用that的情况； 只用that不用which的情况； 关系代词as与which的用法区别； the same … that … 与the same … as …的区别: 1 其中that, who(whom)，都可以指人，那么他们在指人时有什么区别呢。[本条记忆技巧：用who 不用that 的情况 “there be” “one，ones，anyone，nobody, those ” 被分割。那里有(there)很多万(one)被那些人(those)分割。] <1>先行词为those, one, anyone, nobody 等词时，用who不用that,例如：The one who knows me well is Tom. <2>在分隔型定语从句中，若先行词是人，用who不用that, 例： A new teacher will come who will teach you German. 在本句中，先行词“teacher”和修饰限定它的从句“who will teach you German ”分离，所以我们用who 不用that。 <3>先行词为“there be”结构的主语时，例如 There is a man who wants to see you. 在本句子当中a man是There is a man 这句当中的主语，所以用who不用that 2其中，that 和which 都可以指物，它们在指物时的区别： 用that不用which <1>先行词前有形容词最高级,序数词,all, every, little, no, any, much, the only, the very, the last 等修饰时，例如： I have read all the books that you gave me. <2>先行词为all, few, nothing, everything, little, much等不定代词时： He did all that he could do to help us. <3>主语以who或which开头时 Who is the man that just called you just now? <4>关系代词在从句中做表语时 China is not the country that is was. <5>既指人又指物时 He talked about the teachers and schools that he had visited. 2, 先行词表示物时, 用which不用that 的情况 <1> 引导非限制性定语从句时,例如: She heard a terrible noise, which brought her heart to her mouth. <2>当关系代词做介词宾语时,例如:
非谓语动词翻译练习71488
用非谓语动词翻译下列句子（Spring编辑） (A) 1、我钱不够，不能买这房子。 Being short of money/Not having enough money, I can't buy the house. 2、我比你强，我会跑得比你快。 Being stronger than you,I can run faster than you. 3、发现屋里没人，他便留了一张纸条。 Finding no one in the room, he left a note. 4、经理设法用蹩脚的英语让别人明白了他的意思。 The manager managed to make himself understood with his broken English. 5、你觉得不舒服就别去游泳了。 Not feeling well, you'd better not go to swim. 6、吃太多的肉，你会变胖的。 Having too much meat, you'll get fatter. 7、我们这儿禁止抽烟。谁让你抽烟来着？ We forbid smoking here. Who has permitted you to smoke here 8、看见我穿得破烂，那售货员拿出最便宜的衣服给我。 Seeing me dressed in rags, the assistant showed me the cheapest suit. 9、浇太多的水花会死的。 Watered too much, the flower will die. { 10、我昨天挨雨淋了，感冒了。 Caught in the rain,I got a bad cold now. 11、他们说说笑笑地向我们走来。 They went to us ,talking and laughing. 12、身在异国他乡，一个人会很快改变旧习惯。 Being in a foreign country, one may soon change his old habits. 13、在那跳舞的那个女孩也很会唱歌。 The girl dancing there sings well. 14、在警察包围之下，绑架者无路可走只得放弃。 Surrounded by the police, the kidnappers had nothing to do but give up. 15、今天他病了，没来学校。 Being ill,he doesn't come to school today. (B) ￥ 1、双手在身后紧握(clasp)着，父亲在房间里来回踱了十分钟。(with) My fahter walked up and down the room for ten minutes, with his hands clasped behind him. 2、因为在又大有拥挤的超市里迷了路，可怜的Jack突然大哭起来了。 Lost in a big and crowded supermarket, poor Jack burst out crying. 3、两个战犯进入了那间废弃的屋子，后面有两个手里拿枪的士兵紧跟着。 The two prosoners of war came into the abandoned house, followed by two soldiers, gun in hand.
非谓语动词和从句的转换
非谓语动词和从句的转换---- 一.不定式（短语）与从句的关系 1.不定式（短语）在句中作主语，其功能相当于一个主语从句，因此二者之间可以转换。 (1).To be able to help you is really an honor.(=That I’m able to help you) (2).He seemed to know the way.(=It seemed that he knew the way.) (3).Bush is said to have decided to attack North Korea. (= It is said that Bush has decided to attack North Korea.) 2.不定式（短语）在句中作宾语或宾补，相当于一个宾语从句 (1).We still don’t know when and where to build a school.(宾语) (=when and where we should build a school) (2).I advised him to go and see the doctor.(宾补)(=that he should go and see) (3).He thought it a great pity not to have invited her. .(宾语)(=That he hadn’t invited her.) 3不定式（短语）在句中作表语.，相当于一个表语从句 (1).My suggestion is for them to leave as soon as possible.(=that they should leave) (2).My chief purpose has been for them to get a good understanding. (=that they can get a good understanding) 4.不定式（短语）在句中作定语.，相当于一个定语从句 (1).The question will be discussed at the conference shortly to open in Beijing. (=that is shortly to open in Beijing) (2).All dead, I was the only one to grow up. (=that grew up) 5.不定式（短语）在句中作目的．结果状语.，相当于一个目的．结果状语从句 (１).He came to the area in order/so as to study the folk music there.(=in order/so that) (2).The lady was so excited as not to say a word.(=so excited that she couldn’t…)
【英语】高三英语非谓语动词专题训练答案及解析
【英语】高三英语非谓语动词专题训练答案及解析 一、单项选择非谓语动词 1．（北京）_________ along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experience A．Travel B．Traveling C．Having traveled D．Traveled 【答案】B 【解析】考查动名词。句意：沿着丝绸之路旅行是一次既有趣又有益的经历。“____ along the old Silk Road”做主语，要用动名词，故B选项正确。 点睛：动名词是动词-ing形式的一种，兼有动词和名词特征。在句子中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语。 2．The girl is so grateful whenever she remembers my brother and me ____ her from the icy water. A．to have saved B．to save C．saving D．saved 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这个女孩是有感恩之心的，无论何时她都记得我和我弟弟把她从冰水里救出的情形。固定短语：remember sb. doing sth记得某人做过某事。故C选项正确。 3．He got up late and hurried to his office, _______ the breakfast untouched. A．left B．to leave C．leaving D．having left 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：他起晚了，没有吃早饭就匆忙赶往办公室。he与leave是主谓关系，即他让......处于某种状态，应该用现在分词表伴随状况，排除A、B；“hurried”和“leaving”两个动作是同时发生的，当两个动作有时间先后关系时，需要使用现在分词的完成式，排除D；leave the breakfast untouched没有动早餐，故选C。 4．Several years ago they found in England a tomb of a man ____ from around 2,300 B．C．A．dated B．dating C．dates D．to date 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：几年前，他们在英格兰发现了一个可追溯至公元前2300年左右的
非谓语动词翻译练习
非谓语动词翻译练习： I. Complete the sentences. 1) Success means ___________________________________________(非常努力地工作). 2) John meant ____________________________________(开车去那儿，但他的车出了故障). 3) I heard him ______________________________________________(在跟他的母亲谈话). 4) I heard him ______________________________________________(跟他的母亲谈了一个小时). 5) He jumped into the pool to save the child ______________________________________ (结果却摔断了自己的腿). 6) He jumped from the burning house, __________________________________(摔断了双腿). 7) He was happy _____________________________________________________(看到父母很健康). 8) _______________________________________(看到父母安然无恙), he issued a sigh of relief. 9) ________________________(跟随着它的脚印), the zoologists spotted the hungry panda. 10) The pop, _______________________________(后面跟着两个保镖), came to meet his fans. II. Translate the Chinese into English. (请在句子划线部分使用非谓语动词或者独立主格结构) 1、我钱不够，不能买这房子。 2、我比你强，我会跑得比你快。 3、发现屋里没人，他便留了一张纸条。 4、经理设法用蹩脚的英语让别人明白了他的意思。
状语从句和非谓语动词
㈠状语从句 1. –Can I join your club, Dad? –You can when you ____ a bit older. A. get B. will get C. are getting D. will have got 2. –When will you come to see me, Dad? --I will go to see you when you ___ the training course A. will have finished B. will finish C. are finishing D. finish 3. I think it is necessary for my 19-year-old son to have his own mobile phone, for I sometimes want to make sure if he ___ home for dinner. A. come B. comes C. has come D. will come 4. –What would you do if it ___ tomorrow? –We have to carry it on, since we’ve got everything ready. A. rain B. rains C. will rain D. is raining 5. When first ___ to the market, these products enjoyed great success. A. introducing B. introduced C. introduce D. being introduced 6. Several weeks had gone by ___ I realized the painting was missing. A. as B. before C. since D. when 7. –Why didn’t you tell him about the meeting?—He rushed out of the room ____ I could say a word. A. before B. until C. when D. after 8. ___ the day went on, the weather got worse. A. with B. since C. while D as 9. –Did Linda see the traffic accident? –No, no sooner ___ than it happened. A. had she gone B. she had gone C. has she gone D. she has gone 10. It is almost five years ___ we saw each other last time. A. before B. since C. after D. when 11. –Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her? –Yes. I gave it to her __ I saw her. A. while B. the moment C. suddenly D. once 12. There were dirty marks on her trousers ___ she had wiped her hands. A. where B. which C. when D. that 3 ___everybody knows about it, I don’t want to talk any more. A. for B. even C. since D. however 14. ___ you’ve got a chance, you might as well make full use of it. A. Now that B. After C. Although D. As soon as 15. A man cannot smile like a child, ____ a child smiles with his eyes, while a man smiles with his lips alone. A. so B. but C. and D. for 16. The WTO cannot live up to its name ___ it does not include a country that is home to one fifth of mankind. A. as long as B. while C. if D. even though 17. ___ I know the money is safe, I shall not worry about it. A. Even though B. unless C. As long as D. While 18. ___ most of the earth’s surface is covered by water, fresh water is very rare and precious. A. As B. Once C. If D. Although 19. There was never any time for Kate to feel lonely, ___ she was an only child. A. ever since B. now that C. even though D. even as 20. ___ modeling business is by no means easy to get into, the good model will always be in demand. A. While B. Since C. As D. If 21. Why do you want a new job ___ you’ve got such a good one already? A. that B. where C. which D. when 22. You should try to get a good night’s sleep ___ much work you have to do. A. however B. no matter C. although D. whatever 23. The old tower must be saved,___ the cost. A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. wherever 24. Roses need special care ___ they can live through winter. A. because B. so that C. even if D. as
【英语】高三英语非谓语动词专项训练及答案
【英语】高三英语非谓语动词专项训练及答案 一、单项选择非谓语动词 1．(山东) There is a note pinned to the door ___________ when the shop will open again. A．saying B．says C．said D．having said 【答案】A 【解析】 试题分析：在这个句子中note和say是主动关系，所以要用saying。此处saying引导的句子做伴随状语。句意为：门上钉着张纸条，写着这家商店什么时候再营业。故答案选A。考点：考查非谓语动词。 【知识拓展】非谓语动词的选择要根据所填的动词及它所要修饰的逻辑主语之间的关系确定。doing表主动表进行；done表被动表完成；to do表目的表将来。 【名师点睛】本题考查非谓语。先把句子简化：There is a note (which is pinned to the door) saying when the shop will open again.伴随状语是指状语从句的动作伴随主句发生，它所表达的动作或状态是伴随着句子谓语动词的动作而发生或存在的，本题考查的是现在分词做伴随状语,用ing形式。现在分词短语表示与主句的主语在逻辑上有主谓关系，即表示主动意义；而过去分词短语则表示与主句的主语在逻辑上是动宾关系，即被动意义；如：He went to the classroom holding two books； He went to the forest , followed by two dogs. 2．John always gets up early in the morning _____ energetic and ready to start a new day. A．feel B．to feel C．feeling D．felt 【答案】C 【解析】考查现在分词。句意：John总是一大早起床，感觉精力充沛并准备开始新的一天。现在分词做伴随状态。故选C。 3．Several years ago they found in England a tomb of a man ____ from around 2,300 B．C．A．dated B．dating C．dates D．to date 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：几年前，他们在英格兰发现了一个可追溯至公元前2300年左右的男子坟墓。date from表示“追溯到(某一时期)，始于(某一时期)”，a tomb of a man（男子的坟墓）与date from之间为主动关系，应使用现在分词短语作后置定语，若用句子表示二者之间的关系，可以说成A tomb of a man dates from around 2,300 B．C．故选B。 4．(北京)___________the early flight, we ordered a taxi in advance and got up very early.