高考英语写作之一如何写好并列句与复合句
写作步步高之一
如何写好并列句与复合句
在高考英语写作中应避免使用过多结构单一，长度相当的简单句，因为这样会使句
子间缺乏逻辑性，文章自然而然地会平淡无奇，缺乏生气，读来使人索然无味。为了增
强句子之间的逻辑关联，提高文章表达的流畅性，应合理地使用并列句或复合句。
由两个或两个以上不分主次、相互独立的简单句构成的句子叫并列句。并列句通过
并列连词、并列副词或分号三种方式连接起来。依据并列句前后分句的逻辑关系，并列
句可表示添加关系、转折关系、选择关系、因果关系、时间关系、对比关系，以下为各
类并列句的常见并列连词。
类型连词
添加关系and, both…and…, not only…but also…, neither…nor…, when
转折关系but, yet, whereas
选择关系or, otherwise; or else, either…or…, not…but…
因果关系for, so, therefore, thus
对比关系while
复合句由一个主句和若干个从句构成，主句和从句都具有完整的主谓结构，主句是
主体，从句是一个成分，不能独立存在。复合句包括名词性从句(主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句)，定语从句和状语从句。恰当地使用从句可以使句子间逻辑关系
紧密，使文章富有变化。
及时巩固
1．以下是在写作中常用的由并列连词构成的句式，请根据汉语提示完成这些句子。
①Study hard, ___________________________ (否则你就考不及格).
②_________________________(再试一次), and you’ll make a success.
③We were about to set off ___________________________(这时突然下起雨来了).
④You’d better put on your sweater, __________________ (因为外边相当冷).
也不会写).
⑤She could neither speak the language ___________________(
2. 以下是在写作中使用并列句时易出现的错误，请改正它们。
①Not only he speaks English correctly, but also he speak it fluently.
_____________________________________________________________.
③Neither could theory do without practice, nor practice could do without theory.
________________________________________________________________.
④Because / As he was ill so he didn’t go to school that day.
________________________________________________________________.
⑤I finished sweeping the floor when the telephone rang.
________________________________________________________________.
3. 请把以下简单句变为并列句或复合句。
①We are busy all day. Everyone knows that.
并列句：________________________________________________________.
复合句：________________________________________________________.
②He enjoys playing football. He also likes playing basketball.
一般并列句：____________________________________________________.
倒装并列句：____________________________________________________.
③He was late. It made me angry.
主语从句：_____________________________________________________.
定语从句：_____________________________________________________.
简洁简单句：___________________________________________________.
④The child knew so much. We all are surprised.
主语从句：_____________________________________________________.
简洁简单句：___________________________________________________.
⑤The 2008 Olympic Games was quite a success. We all know it.
主语从句：_____________________________________________________.
定语从句：_____________________________________________________.
宾语从句：_____________________________________________________.
4. 根据写作要求和内容，用适合的连词填入空格处(每空一词)，并背诵该范文。
请根据以下提示，结合你与同学交往中的一个事例，就容忍(tolerance)这一话题，用英语写一篇短文。
Tolerance means respecting others and valuing differences. It matters when you try to gain friendship from others．
Tolerance is a virtue for everyone. Being tolerant means keeping an open mind ①__________treating others with a heart full of mercy．
In fact，I didn’t realize the significance of being tolerant ②___________I had a fierce
quarrel with my best friend Lily．We had been getting along well with each other, ③_______two weeks ago，Lily misunderstood me for something I didn't know ④_______avoided talking with me．I was⑤________angry that I quarrelled with her．Thus，we separated．I thought she was to blame for that．Having learned the whole thing, my mother advised me to talk to her first，⑥__________neither of us would feel at ease．I followed her advice, ⑦________now we are as close as before．
I think it’s being tolerant that has helped me regain our friendship．
答案：
1. ①or you’ll fail (in) the exam ②Another try/Try it another time
③when it suddenly began to rain ④for it’s rather cold outside
⑤nor write it
2. ①Not only does he speak English correctly, …
②Although I was very tired then, I felt happy.
或I was very tired then but I felt very happy.
③Neither could theory do without practice, nor could practice do without theory.
④Because /As he was ill, he didn’t go to school that day.
或He was ill so he didn’t go to school that day.
⑤I had just finished sweeping the floor when the telephone rang.
3. ①并列句：We are busy all day and everyone knows that.
复合句：We are busy all day, which everyone knows.
或As everyone knows, we are busy all day.
②一般并列句：He enjoys not only playing football, but also playing basketball.
倒装并列句：Not only does he enjoy playing football, but also he likes playing
basketball.
③主语从句：It made me angry that he was late./That he came late made me angry.
定语从句：He came late, which made me angry.
简洁简单句：His coming late made me angry./ I was angry at his being late.
④主语从句：It made us surprised that the child should have known so much.
或It came as a surprise to us that the child knew so much.
简洁简单句：Much to our surprise, the child knew so much.
⑤定语从句：As we all know/As is known to us all, the 2008…
主语从句：It’s known to us all that the 2008…
宾语从句：We all know that the 2008…
4. ①and ②until ③but ④and ⑤so ⑥or ⑦and
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