高一英语阅读理解(时文广告)试题经典含解析

高一英语阅读理解(时文广告)试题经典含解析

一、高中英语阅读理解时文广告类

1．阅读理解

Good education is expensive. Some countries today have proven that belief to be wrong, though. If you're dreaming of having your university education in a country outside your motherland, do not be afraid to apply to study in the below-listed countries, as every thing about your education can be achieved with little or nothing.

Germany

https://www.360docs.net/doc/b0329998.html,

All the public universities in German do not ask for any education fees except administration fees which are quite affordable, no matter what your status. The English language is common in Germany and most of these universities teach with English so it will be easier to get along as an international student.

Norway

Wikipedia. org

Want to achieve your post-graduate degrees Even if you aim to achieve an undergraduate, Norway in a good option because you will not have to send a penny to anyone. This is possible because of the government's financing of the education from tax income. The only problem is that most of the top universities in the country teach with their mother tongue and as a foreigner, you have to familiarize with the language enough to pass a requited test.

Turkey

Turkey discoverthepotential. com

Public universities, c alled ‘Devlet Universiteleri' in Turkish are totally free of tuition costs, After payment of an affordable basic fee, the rest is free absolutely. Some of these institutions each in English while some in French and German.

Italy

https://www.360docs.net/doc/b0329998.html,

Italy offers almost free education to international students. When you have to pay as little as ￡850 per year for quality education, then it is quite cheap. Besides, Italy has so much cultural heritage and history that students can learn about.

（1）Which website can you visit if you tend to apply for a country free of charge?

A.Kenznow.cm

B.Wikipedia. org

https://www.360docs.net/doc/b0329998.html,

D.Turkey discoverthepotential. com

（2）Which country could be suitable for a Chine student skilled in French?

A.Germany

B.Norway,

C.Turkey.

D.Italy.

（3）whom is the passage intended for?

A.International students on tight budget.

B.Teachers encouraged to study abroad.

C.Panels with adequate education funds.

D.Native students with good performance.

【答案】（1）B

（2）C

（3）A

【解析】【分析】本文为一篇应用文，介绍了大学学费低的四个国家。

（1）考查细节理解。根据 Norway部分中的“Norway in a good option because you will not have to send a penny to anyone.”可知，申请挪威的大学的学生不必支付费用。申请挪威的大学的网站为Wikipedia. org。故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。根据Turkey部分中的“Some of these institutions teach in English while some in French and German.”可知，这些机构中有一些用英语教学，有些用法语和德语教学，即土耳其的一些大学里开设法语授课。可知，土耳其可能适合一名精通法语的中国学生。故选C。

（3）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Good education is expensive. Some countries today have proven that belief to be wrong, though.” 良好的教育是昂贵的。不过，今天一些国家已经证明了是错误的。结合全文可知本文写给想要申请低费用大学的国际生。故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

Washington State is best known for its biggest city of Seattle, but it is also home to a staggering number of scenic destinations. Below are the four must-visit places in Washington State as you plan your next trip.

Lake Chelan

Lake Chelan is a hub for scenery, outdoor recreation and wine Lasting in the Pacific Northwest. You can spend a day sipping and sightseeing at places like Vin du Lac Winery, Karma Vineyards or Mellisoni Vineyards. Ride on a seaplane that takes off and lands in the lake itself, or try water-skiing during the summer months. Hiking possibilities are abundant, and on Historic Main Street you can dine on farm-to-table cuisine from a range of independent eateries.

Columbia River Gorge

South of the Rattlesnake Hills, and right in the heart of the Columbia River Plateau, is the Columbia River Gorge. The gorge cuts through the Cascade Mountains forming the boundary between Washington and Oregon, and you can get spectacular views of the gorge from above. The Multnomah Falls cascade right into the gorge at one point, only adding to the beauty of this particular destination.

Spokane

After Seattle, Spokane is the largest city in Washington, and it is located in the eastern portion of the state close to the border with Idaho. In Spokane, you can visit the Riverfront Park and stroll

along the banks of the scenic Spokane River. Some of the city's top attractions include the John A. Finch Arboretum, the Northwest Museuni of Arts and Culture and Spokane Falls. You may also want to check out some of the city's popular golf courses or take a tasting tour through some of the world- famous breweries.

North Cascades National Park

The park is home to a large amount of wildlife, including animals like grizzly bears, gray wolves and lynx. Hike or drive to Mount Baker, a volcano located within the North Cascades, to get an unparalleled view of the nearby Mt. Shuksan, which is definitely the most photographed in all of North America.

（1）Which of the following activities does Lake Chelan offer?

A. Golfing.

B. Hiking.

C. Parachuting.

D. Motorcycling.

（2）Which place appeals to photographers most?

A.Rattlesnake Hills.

B.Karma Vineyards.

C.Mt. Shuksan.

D.Spokane Falls.

（3）Which two places are recommended to enjoy alcoholic drinks?

A.North Cascades National Park & Spokane.

https://www.360docs.net/doc/b0329998.html,ke Chelan & Columbia River Gorge.

C.Spokane & Lake Chelan.

https://www.360docs.net/doc/b0329998.html,ke Chelan & North Cascades National Park.

【答案】（1）B

（2）C

（3）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四个西雅图的风景名胜，包括Lake Chelan、Columbia River Gorge、Spokane和North Cascades National Park。

（1）考查细节理解。根据Lake Chelan部分中的“Hiking possibilities are abundant, and on Historic Main Street you can dine on farm-to-table cuisine from a range of independent eateries.”徒步旅行的可能性非常丰富，在历史上的主要街道上，你可以吃到农场到餐桌的美食从一系列独立的餐馆，可知，Lake Chelan提供了徒步旅行活动。故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。根据North Cascades National Park部分中的“Hike or drive to Mount Baker, a volcano located within the North Cascades, to get an unparalleled view of the nearby Mt. Shuksan, which is definitely the most photographed in all of North America.”徒步或驱车前往Baker山，一个位于北瀑布内的火山，以获得一个无与伦比的附近的Mt. Shuksan的景色，这绝对是在整个北美被拍照最多的山。可知，Mt. Shuksan最吸引摄影师。故选C。

（3）考查细节理解。根据 Lake Chelan部分中的“Lake Chelan is a hub for scenery, outdoor recreation and wine Lasting in the Pacific Northwest.”Chelan湖位于太平洋西北部，是风景、户外娱乐和葡萄酒的中心；以及 Spokane部分中的“You may also want to check out some of the city's popular golf courses or take a tasting tour through some of the world- famous breweries.”你可能还想看看这个城市的一些受欢迎的高尔夫球场，或者去一些世界著名的

啤酒厂来一场品鉴之旅，可知，Spokane和Lake Chelan是推荐喝酒的好去处。故选C。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

Bullgatortail 10 minutes ago

I particularly enjoy the works of Greenwich Village poet Edward Field, whose interest in cinema led to a number of poems based on old monster movies (including many about Frankenstein and my favorite, Curse of the Cat Woman).

Litteacher 8 29 minutes ago

There are so many to choose from! I love Robert Frost, especially "Mending Wall", mostly because he is my dad's favorite poet. However, personally I love Lnagston Hughes's poem "Dreams" because it always brings happiness to me. I am also a big fan of the older poems, such as Spenser's "One Day I Wrote Her Name Upon the Strand" because it is so simple, and "The Tyger" and "The Lamb" by William Blake because I love the language.

Michael Ugulini 51 minutes ago

My favorite poet is Suji Kwock Kim. Ever since I read her book of poetry "Notes from the Divided Country", I have been a big fan of her clear and thoughtful writing. My favorite poem of hers is "Borderlands", which she wrote in memory of her grandmother. It is a poem about her grandmother's experiences during the war.

Loraaa 1 hour ago

Hard to decide! But if I have to, I'd say Emily Dickinson. Her life was so wonderful and her opinions about life are also interesting. Her understanding of nature speaks to the heart of anyone who loves the outdoors! Dickinson also understood human nature very well. Her poems speak of love, loneliness, ect. Finally, my favorite poem by her is "I Never Saw a Moor". I love her thoughts!

（1）Why does Litteacher 8 like the poem "Dreams"?

A.It always cheers him up.

B.He is a big fan of its author.

C.It is his father's favorite poem.

D.He loves the language of it.

（2）Whose favourite poet is Emily Dickinson?

A.Loraaa's.

B.Litteacher8's.

C.Bullgatortail's.

D.Michael Ugulini's.

（3）Where is the text most probably taken from?

A.A newspaper.

B.A notice board.

C.A webpage.

D.A book review.

【答案】（1）A

（2）A

（3）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，四个网上用户分别说明了自己最喜欢的诗人是谁。（1）考查细节理解。根据 Litteacher 8 29 minutes ago部分中的“However, personally I love Lnagston Hughes's poem ‘Dreams’ because it always brings happiness to me.”然而，我个人喜欢Lnagston Hughes的诗“梦想”，因为它总是给我带来快乐，可知Litteacher 8喜欢《梦》这首诗，因为它总是能使他快乐起来。故选A。

（2）考查细节理解。根据 Loraaa 1 hour ago部分中的“Bu t if I have to, I'd say Emily Dickinson.”但如果我必须说，我会说Emily Dickinson，可知Loraaa最喜欢的诗人是Emily Dickinson。故选A。

（3）考查推理判断。根据每段之前人的名称Bullgatortail、Litteacher 8、Michael Ugulini以及Loraaa均为昵称，以及后文的时间分别是10分钟以前、29分钟以前、51分钟以前以及一个小时以前，时间具有即时性，可推知这篇文章摘自一个网站。故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

4．阅读理解

Smart Kids Festival Events

Smart Kids is a collection of one hundred events scheduled in October. This year, it is experimenting with Pay What You Decide (PWYD). That is, you can decide to pay what you want to or can afford, after you have attended an event. You can pre-book events without paying for a ticket in advance. Here are some of the director's picks.

Walk on the Wild Side

Not ticketed, Free

Join storyteller Sarah Law to hear science stories about animals. Along the way you'll meet all sorts of beautiful creatures and discover life cycles and food chains. Best suited to children aged 5-9. Children under 8 must be accompanied by an adult.

Introduction to Waves

Pre-book, PWYD

Subjects range from sound waves to gravity waves, and from waves of light to crashing waves on the ocean. Mike Goldsmith explores the fundamental features shared by all waves in the natural world.

Science in the Field

Not ticketed, Free

This storytelling night features a scientist sharing his favourite memories of gathering first-hand data on various field trips. Come along for inspiring and informative stories straight from the scientist's mouth. Join Mark Samuels to find out more in this fun-filled workshop.

Festival Dinner

Pre-book, ￡25 per person

Whether you want to explore more about food, or just fancy a talk over a meal, join us to mark the first science festival in London. Which foods should you eat to trick your brain into thinking that you are full? Find out more from Tom Crawford.

（1）In which event can you decide the payment?

A. Walk on the Wild Side

B. Introduction to Waves

C. Science in the Field

D. Festival Dinner

（2）Who will talk about experiences of collecting direct data?

A.Sarah Law.

B.Mike Goldsmith.

C.Mark Samuels.

D.Tom Crawford.

（3）What do the four events have in common?

A.Family-based.

B.Science-themed.

C.Picked by children.

D.Filled with adventures.

【答案】（1）B

（2）C

（3）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了Smart Kids收集的在十月份举行的四项以科学会主题的活动，以及各个活动的内容和特色。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“This year, it is experimenting with Pay What You Decide (PWYD). That is, you can decide to pay what you want to or can afford”可知PWYD中你可以决定付款，而四项活动中只有Introduction to Waves有PWYD，故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。根据Science in the Field 部分中的“This storytelling night features a scientist sharing his favourite memories of gathering first-hand data on various field trips.”可知Mark Samuels会分享他最喜欢的收集各种实地考察第一手数据的记忆。故选C。

（3）考查主旨大意。根据第二段中的“Join storyteller Sarah Law to hear science stories about animals.”和讲故事的萨拉·劳一起来听关于动物的科学故事；第三段中的“Subjects range from sound waves to gravity waves, and from waves of light to crashing waves on the ocean.”实验对象范围从声波到重力波，从光波到撞击海洋的波浪；第四段中的“This storytelling night features a scientist sharing his favourite memories of gathering first-hand data on various field trips.”这位科学家会分享他最喜欢的收集各种实地考察第一手数据的记忆；以及最后一段中的“ Whether you want to explore more about food, or just fancy a talk over a meal, join us to mark the first scien ce festival in London.”无论你是想探索更多关于食物的知识，还是只是想边吃边聊，加入我们来纪念伦敦首届科学节吧。可知这四项活动的共同点都是以科学为主题的，故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

5．阅读理解

We have many trips for you to explore the world your way. Our travel ideas are as diverse as the world itself and are designed to let you experience it. Please start with the following four trips.

Athens and Crete Explorer

Visit Greek's famous capital, Athens, and its largest island, Crete, on this Greece vacation. In Athens, tour the iconic Acropolis and head to nearby Delphi to see the home of the ancient Oracle, before flying to the island of Crete where you can explore its capital, Heraklion, and enjoy its world-famous diet of seafood and cheese.

Duration: 8 Days Prices From: US$ 892

Trip Type: Romance & Honeymoon, Tailor-made Travel Ideas

Designed to thrill people of all ages, this family London vacation explores the sights, history and magic of this great city. Visit the world of Harry Potter, the original Madame Tussaud's Wax Museum, and take the Original London Sightseeing Tour.

Duration: 9 Days Prices From: US$ 634

Trip Type: Family Vacations, Stopovers/City Breaks, Tailor-made Travel Ideas

Explore the two most popular cities of Australia and New Zealand on this air-land tour. Start in Sydney, where you'll tour the Sydney Opera House, sail across the famous harbour, and see koalas and kangaroos at Taronga Zoo. Then head on to Auckland where you'll explore the twin harbours, learn about Maori traditions, and enjoy unbeatable views of the landscape. Duration: 11 Days Prices From: US$ 1,999

Trip Type: Vacation Packages with Airfare

This tour is a true classic designed to give the traveler with limited time a superb introduction to the civilization of Ancient Egypt, focusing on the Nile and its importance to the people. The ancient land of Egypt inspires the imagination like no other. Unlock the land of the Pharaohs on this 9 day journey along the Nile.

Duration: 9 Days Prices From: US$ 1,495

Trip Type: Classics (Bestsellers), Tailor-made Travel Ideas

A. London for Families.

B. Australia & New Zealand.

C. Classic Egypt.

D. Athens and Crete Explorer.

（2）If you are on the trip to London for Families, you will see ________.

A.the ancient Oracle

B.the world of Harry Potter

C.koalas and kangaroos

D.the ancient land of Egypt

（3）From the text, it can be learnt that all the four trips ________.

A.have the same trip type

B.take more than one week

C.take more than US$ 1000

D.enjoy their famous diet

（4）Where is the text probably taken from?

A.A travel brochure.

B.A science fiction.

C.A storybook.

D.A textbook.

【答案】（1）D

（2）B

（3）B

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四个旅游行程。

（1）考查推理判断。根据Athens and Crete Explorer部分中的”Trip Type: Romance & Honeymoon, Tailor-made Travel Ideas“旅行类型：浪漫蜜月，量身定做的旅行创意，可推知，新婚夫妇极可能会选择Athens and Crete Explorer”雅典和克里特岛探险家“。故选D。（2）考查细节理解。根据London for Families部分中的”Visit the world of Harry Potter“参观哈利波特的世界，可知，如果参加伦敦的家庭之旅，你会看到哈利波特的世界。故选B。（3）考查细节理解题。根据四个旅游行程中Duration（持续时间）的介绍信息“Duration: 8 Days ，Duration: 9Days，Duration: 11Days”可知，这四个旅游行程都超过了一周。故选B。（4）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的”We have many trips for you to explore the world your way. Our travel ideas are as diverse as the world itself and are designed to let you experience it. Please start with the following four trips.“我们有很多旅行供您以您的方式探索世界。我们的旅游理念和世界本身一样多样化，旨在让您体验它。请从以下四次旅行开始。可推知，这篇文章可能来自于旅游手册。故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

6．阅读理解

Unlike most Chinese high school students, seniors in Canada can choose the courses they would like to take by themselves. However sometimes they cannot take the course they want to take due to different reasons like schedule conflicts.

Take me for example. At the end of last semester(学期), my adviser told me the two classes I had chosen for this semester took place during the same period, which meant that I had to give up one of them. She recommended that I take the course called life management. I had never heard of that kind of course in China so I just followed her advice.

On the first day of school, I found out that life management is an open class and every student is able to take the course. The teacher of the class told us honestly that this is an easy course that can increase our average score. It was really different from what I had expected. So I planned to drop the class. Then came the question: Could I change the class?

In fact, students are able to change classes within the first month of the semester. During that

month, there's often a long queue at the office door and a lot of students want to switch courses. After the first week, I looked through courses that were available for me. I had two choices: biology and chemistry. Chemistry is for college students who would like a collection of degrees in one specific area after high school. After having discussions and making choices, I switched my class from life management to grade 11 university-level biology. Although biology is quite difficult for me because of the many difficult words I have to use and understand, I will still try my best.

To be honest, quite a lot of students want to change classes because they want easier courses. But I think challenging myself is always the best choice. I would rather get a lower mark in a course I can really learn from than get high scores in an easy open class.

（1）According to the text, if one takes "life management", he can .

A. learn much he is interested in

B. plan his life well

C. become quite different from others

D. get high marks

（2）We know from the passage that within the first month of the semester .

A. many students switch courses

B. few students follow the adviser

C. teachers choose students who they think have talents

D. teachers refuse the students hating their courses

（3）Why did the writer finally choose biology?

A. Because it was easy for him to get a high score.

B. Because he wanted to do as other students did.

C. Because he wanted to challenge himself.

D. Because his teacher advised him to.

（4）What is the best title for the text?

A. Studying hard abroad

B. Choosing can be tough

C. Courses in Canadian schools are difficult

D. Courses in China high schools are easier

【答案】（1）D

（2）A

（3）C

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文作者以自己的经历为例，讲述加拿大学生对课程的选择，并指出选课可能很难。

（1）推理判断题。根据第三段中On the first day of school, I found out that life management is an open class and every student is able to take the course. The teacher of the class told us honestly that this is an easy course that can increase our average score.(开学的第一天，我发现生活管理是一门公开课，每个学生都能上这门课。老师很诚实地告诉我们，这是一门容易的课程，可以提高我们的平均分。)可知，如果一个人上"life management"，他能得到高分数。故选D。

（2）细节理解题。根据第四段In fact, students are able to change classes within the first month of the semester. During that month, there's often a long queue at the office door and a lot of students want to switch courses.(事实上，学生可以在学期的第一个月内换班。在那个月里，办公室门口经常排着长队，很多学生都想转专业。)可知，在学期的第一个月内，许多

学生换了课程。故选A。（3）细节理解题。根据最后一段中I think challenging myself is always the best choice.(我认为挑战自我总是最好的选择。)可知，作者最后选择生物是为了挑战自己。故选C。

（4）主旨大意题。根据第一段Unlike most Chinese high school students, seniors in Canada can choose the courses they would like to take by themselves. However sometimes they cannot take the course they want to take due to different reasons like schedule conflicts.（与大多数中国高中生不同的是，加拿大的高年级学生可以自己选择他们想学的课程。然而，有时由于不同的原因，如日程冲突，他们不能参加他们想要参加的课程。）可知，本文讲述的是学生对课程的选择可能很难。故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及了细节理解题、推理判断题和主旨大意题三种常考题型。细节理解题把握题干关键词，在原文查找依据。推理判断题结合上下句合理推断。主旨大意题把握首段尾段，尤其是首段转折处。

7．阅读短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

HONG KONG-Cross-border buses operated by Hong Kong companies on Friday started trial runs on the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge (HZMB) in preparation for the bridge's upcoming opening.

"The trial runs, arranged by the governments of the Chinese mainland, the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (SAR) and the Macao SAR, would last for three days and aimed at testing the readiness of boundary crossing facilities (设施) of the three places," the Hong Kong SAR government's Transport and Housing Bureau told Xinhua.

Two major cross-boundary coach trade associations in Hong Kong were invited to send buses and members to participate in the trial runs.

Freeman Cheung, secretary of Hong Kong Guangdong Boundary Crossing Bus Association, said his association would run one bus with about 10 passengers on Friday and Saturday respectively as part of the trial runs.

"Our bus started at noon from the Hong Kong Boundary Crossing Facilities and ran all the way to Zhuhai in about 40 minutes," he said, adding that "the journey was smooth."

Alan Chan, secretary of another trade association who participated in the trial runs as a passenger, said the clearance procedures at boundary crossing facilities of the three places all went on well and smoothly.

"The boundary crossing facilities of Zhuhai and Macao, in particular, are operated in a collaborative (合作的) way, which helps remarkably shorten the time needed for the clearance procedures," he said.

The HZMB, situated at the waters of Lingdingyang of Pearl River Estuary, is a mega-size sea crossing linking the Hong Kong SAR, Zhuhai city of Guangdong Province and the Macao SAR.

The 55-km bridge is the longest bridge-and-tunnel (隧道) sea crossing in the world.

The bridge is meant to meet the demand of passenger and freight land transport among Hong Kong, the Chinese mainland and Macao, and to establish a new land transport link between the east and west banks of the Pearl River.

（1）We learn from the passage that ________.

A. Alan Chan participated in the trial runs as a driver

B. two coach trade associations in Zhuhai took part in the trial runs

C. the HZMB is located at the waters of Lingdingyang of Pearl River Estuary

D. the 55-km bridge is the second longest bridge-and-tunnel sea crossing in the world

（2）What is the main idea of the second paragraph?

A. The route of the trial runs.

B. The effect of the trial runs.

C. The purpose of the trial runs.

D. The evaluation of the trial runs.

（3）What does the underlined word "freight" in the last paragraph mean?

A. Goods that are transported by trucks, trains, ships, or planes.

B. Lines of raised water that moves across the surface of the sea.

C. Parts of the sea where fish are caught in large numbers.

D. The regular rising and falling of the level of the sea.

（4）Which of the following can be the best title for the news report?

A. HZMB Is to Establish New Land Transport Link

B. Cross-border Buses Start Trial Runs on Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge

C. Mega-size Sea Crossing Linking Hong Kong SAR, Zhuhai and Macao SAR

D. Boundary Crossing Facilities of Zhuhai and Macao Operated Collaboratively

【答案】（1）C

（2）C

（3）A

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，介绍了珠港澳大桥的概况以及其试运行的情况。（1）考查细节理解。根据第八段中的"The HZMB, situated at the waters of Lingdingyang of Pearl River Estuary…"可知，珠港澳大桥位于珠江口伶仃洋水域。故选C。

（2）考查段落大意。根据第二段中的"The t rial runs…would last for three days and aimed at testing the readiness of boundary crossing facilities (设施) of the three places."可知，试行将持续三天，目的是测试三个地方的过境设施的准备情况。所以第二段主要在说明试运行的目的。故选C。

（3）考查词义猜测。根据最后一段中的"The bridge is meant to meet the demand of passenger and freight land transport among Hong Kong, the Chinese mainland and Macao, and to establish a new land transport link between the east and west banks of the Pearl River"可知，该桥旨在满足香港、中国大陆和澳门之间客货陆路运输的需求，并在珠江东岸和西岸之间建立新的陆路运输联系。所以通过上下文的语境可以判断出，最后一段加下划线的"freight"是由卡车、火车、轮船或飞机运输的货物。故选A。

（4）考查主旨大意。通读全文，尤其是第一段中的"HONG KONG-Cross-border buses operated by Hong Kong companies on Friday started trial runs on the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge (HZMB) in preparation for the bridge's upcoming opening"可知，香港公司运营的香港跨境巴士于周五开始在珠港澳大桥上试运行，为即将开通的大桥做准备。所以短文主要是围绕着跨境巴士在珠港澳大桥开始试运行而展开的。故短文的最佳标题为“跨境巴士在珠港澳大桥开始试运行”。故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，段落大意，词义猜测和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

8．阅读短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

In a win for literary fiction amid declining sales, Sally Rooney's novel Normal People has been named Waterstones book of the year in 2018.

Rooney's second novel, which follows two young people falling in love in Ireland, has sold 41, 000 copies in hardback in the UK since it was released in August-five times the hardback sales of her 2017 debut, Conversations With Friends. At 27, Rooney is now the youngest winner of the award, which is given by the UK's biggest bookshop chain, Waterstones.

Normal People received almost universal applause upon its release. Longlisted for the Man Booker prize, the book won novel of the year at the An Post Irish book awards in November of 2018 and has also been shortlisted for the Costa novel of the year, announced in January of 2019. The reader response to Normal People had been astonishing. As well as the universal praise, it has been a huge word- of-mouth (口头的) hit. There're customers returning to buy multiple copies as gifts. Normal People strengthened Sally Rooney's reputation as the voice of her generation and one of the most exciting novelists around today. Its success is a testament to the health of literary fiction and indicates that there is still significant appetite for excellent storytelling.

The award, established in 2012, tends to go to books that are already bestsellers near Christmas. It has previously been won by the late American author John Williams's Stoner, the cookbook Polpo by Russell Norman, and last year's choice, Philip Pullman's La Belle Sauvage. James Daunt, Waterstones' managing director, said Rooney's win was a sign of the healthy state of literary fiction, which has seen sales decrease over the last decade. "We are delighted to name it our book of the year," he said.

（1）What do we know about the current situation of literary fiction?

A. It sells well in Waterstones.

B. It doesn't enjoy popularity.

C. It mainly tells love stories.

D. It is a big winner in 2018.

（2）What can we infer about Normal People?

A. It was Britain's most popular book in 2018.

B. It won different awards in a lot of countries.

C. It received praise soon after it was published.

D. It made its author the voice of young people.

（3）The underlined word "testament" is closest in meaning to "________".

A. examination

B. evidence

C. concern

D. statement

（4）What is the main function of Paragraph 5?

A. To attract readers' attention.

B. To introduce other prize winners

C. To serve as background information.

D. To compare Sally's novel with other books.

【答案】（1）B

（2）C

（3）B

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，介绍了文学小说在销量下滑之际的一次胜利，Sally Rooney的小说《普通人》荣获2018年Waterstones图书奖。

（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段“In a win for literary fiction amid declining sales, Sally Roon ey's novel Normal People has been named Waterstones book of the year in 2018.”这是文学小说在销量下滑之际的一次胜利，Sally Rooney的小说《普通人》荣获2018年Waterstones 图书奖。由此推断出，文学小说的现状是它不受欢迎，故选B。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Normal People received almost universal applause upon its release.”这部电影上映后，普通人获得了几乎全世界的掌声。由此可知，《普通人》这本书出版后不久就受到了好评，故选C。

（3）考查词义猜测。根据第四段中的“Normal People strengthened Sally Rooney's reputation as the voice of her generation and one of the most exciting novelists around today.”《普通人》巩固了Sally Rooney作为她那一代人的代言人和当今最令人兴奋的小说家之一的声誉。由此推断出，下文“Its success is a testament to the health of literary fiction and indicates that there is still significant appetite for excellent storytelling.”它的成功证明了文学小说的健康发展，并表明人们仍然对优秀的故事情节有着巨大的兴趣。"testament"意思是证明，故选B。

（4）考查推理判断。根据第五段中的“The award, established in 2012, tends to go to books that are already bestsellers near Christmas.”该奖项成立于2012年，通常颁发给圣诞节前已经很畅销的书籍。由此推断出，第五段的主要功能是作为背景资料，故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及词义猜测和推理判断两题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

9．阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Volunteering abroad is a great way to help others, improve your skills and become a more confident, independent person. If you are interested in volunteering abroad, here are some places to go.

Australia

If you seek a life on the beach, in a great climate with friendly people, Australia might be your best bet. With thousands of volunteers already signing up to leave for Australia during the holidays, it will be a very popular option.

Brazil

This vast country has some great opportunities on offer and is especially popular this year. A lot of volunteer work is available in Brazil centers on conservation and ecological projects. With the world's largest rainforest in Brazil, of which huge part is in danger, there are lots of different jobs

you can do.

Kenya

Kenya is the destination for those seeking an African experience. Generally volunteers in Kenya work in orphanages (孤儿院) or with local children living in slums (贫民窟). There is a great demand for volunteers in Africa because many people live in poverty, so if you truly feel like making a difference to a community, Kenya should be at the top of your list.

Costa Rica

Golden sandy beaches, clear coastlines and beautiful cities are what Costa Rica is all about. Because of its small size, you can see a lot of the country in just a short time. You can really make the most of your time as a volunteer. A lot of work is needed with wildlife and ecological work, so if you want to look after turtles (海龟) on the beach, Costa Rica could be just the place for you.（1）Where will you probably go if you are interested in protecting the environment?

A. Australia

B. Brazil

C. Kenya

D. Costa Rica

（2）What can be inferred from the passage that volunteers in Kenya mainly work with? A. Children B. The elderly C. Animals D. Plants

（3）What should you do if you choose to go to Costa Rica?

A. You should surf with children in the water.

B. You should take care of trees in the forests.

C. You should work with animals on the beach.

D. You should look after children who have lost their parents.

【答案】（1）B

（2）A

（3）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了到海外去做志愿者的四个不同的国家的志愿者所从事的不同的事情的具体信息。

（1）考查推理判断。根据Brazil部分中的"With the world's largest rainforest in Brazil, of which huge part is in danger, there are lots of different jobs you can do".可知巴西的热带雨林正受到威胁，所以你如果对环境保护有兴趣就去巴西吧！故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。根据Kenya部分中的"Generally volunteers in Kenya work in orphanages (孤儿院) or with local children living in slums".可知在肯尼亚，志愿者主要是照顾孩子，故选A。

（3）考查细节理解。根据Costa Rica部分中的"A lot of work is needed with wildlife and ecological work, so if you want to look after turtles on the beach, Costa Rica could be just the place for you"可知在哥斯达黎加你可以照顾海龟。故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

10．阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Here are some professions Americans consider to be the most honest. Maybe the rest of us can learn from what these people do to establish good relationships with others.

MEDICAL DOCTORS

Jack Jacob, Age: 44, Fountain Valley, California

I try to introduce myself in a pleasant way. I sit down. I don't stand. I make good eye contact with the patient and his or her family. Communication skills are key, as well as showing understanding and availability. For a physician, the most rewarding thing is when someone who has seen your work chooses you.

ENGINEERS

Chrissy Keane, Age: 41, Crofton, Maryland

I don't know that being an engineer means you are automatically trustworthy. However, I do think that most engineers like to follow rules and be organized. They tell you what they think, whether you want to hear it or not. Those are important elements in building trust.

POLICE OFFICERS

G. M. Cox, Age: 64, Fort Worth, Texas

As a police officer, I have the best interests of the people I serve in my heart and in my actions and I'm going to treat everyone the same way. I always want to go up to people and speak to them with respect. Don't talk down to them. You have to establish and maintain that trust. Be equal!

（1）What does Jack Jacob think important to do his job?

A. Being communicative.

B. Experience.

C. Self-introduction.

D. Being open-minded.（2）How does G. M. Cox treat people in his job?

A. Actively.

B. Equally.

C. Cautiously.

D. Strictly.

（3）What do the three people mentioned in the passage have in common?

A. They follow rules.

B. They are warm-hearted.

C. They deserve trust.

D. They are good organizers.

【答案】（1）A

（2）B

（3）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了美国人认为最诚实的三个职业：医生、工程师和警察。希望我们能从他们的工作中学习到如何与他人建立好的人际关系。

（1）考查细节理解。根据 MEDICAL DOCTORS部分中的"Communication skills are key, as well as showing understanding and availability."可知，Jack Jacob认为：与表示理解，表示可以帮忙一样，沟通技能也是很关键的。故选A。

（2）考查细节理解。POLICE OFFICERS部分先后提到"I'm going to treat everyone the same way", "Be equal!"可知G. M. Cox在工作中时刻保持公平对待遇到的每个人。故选B。

（3）考查细节理解。根据 MEDICAL DOCTORS部分中的"For a physician, the most rewarding thing is when someone who has seen your work chooses you.”对于医师来说，找你看过病的人再来选择你看病时是很有成就的；ENGINEERS部分中的"Those are important elements in building trust.”要建立信任，这些是很重要的因素；POLICE OFFICERS部分中的"You have to establish and maintain that trust.”你必须建立并保持那种信任。可知，文章中提到的三个人

都是值得信任的。故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。