外文翻译-关于PLC的外文及翻译

PLCs --Past, Present and Future

Everyone knows there's only one constant in the technology world,

and that's change. This is especially evident in the evolution of Programmable Logic Controllers (PLC) and their varied applications. From their introduction more than 30 years ago, PLCs have become the cornerstone of hundreds of thousands of control systems in a wide range of industries.

At heart, the PLC is an industrialized computer programmed with

highly specialized languages, and it continues to benefit from technological advances in the computer and information technology worlds. The most prominent of which is miniaturization and communications.

The Shrinking PLC

When the PLC was first introduced, its size was a major improvement

- relative to the hundreds of hard-wired relays and timers it replaced.

A typical unit housing a CPU and I/O was roughly the size of a 19 television set. Through the 1980s and early 1990s, modular PLCs

continued to shrink in footprint while increasing in capabilities and performance (see Diagram 1 for typical modular PLC configuration).

In recent years, smaller PLCs have been introduced in the nano and micro classes that offer features previously found only in larger PLCs. This has made specifying a larger PLC just for additional features or performance, and not increased I/O count, unnecessary, as even those in

the nano class are capable of Ethernet communication, motion control,

on-board PID with autotune, remote connectivity and more.

PLCs are also now well-equipped to replace stand-alone process controllers in many applications, due to their ability to perform functions of motion control, data acquisition, RTU (remote telemetry unit) and even some integrated HMI (human machine interface) functions. Previously, these functions often required their own purpose-built controllers and software, plus a separate PLC for the discrete control and interlocking.

The Great Communicator

Possibly the most significant change in recent years lies in the communications arena. In the 1970s Modicon introduction of Modbus communications protocol allowed PLCs to communicate over standard cabling. This translates to an ability to place PLCs in closer proximity to real world devices and communicate back to other system controls in a main panel. situation, fully understand the intention of the leadership, to ensure the output, quality, and constantly improve the quality of manuscript. A manuscript quality appraisal system, the implementation of quantitative assessment, each quarter the comparison of office draft manuscript quality. Establish a reward system to reward the outstanding manuscript selection out, the wrong investigated persons In the past 30 years we have seen literally hundreds of proprietary and standard protocols developed, each with their own unique advantages.Today's PLCs have to be data compilers and information

gateways. They have to interface with bar code scanners and printers, as well as temperature and analog sensors. They need multiple protocol support to be able to connect with other devices in the process. And furthermore, they need all these capabilities while remaining cost-effective and simple to program.

Another primary development that has literally revolutionized the

way PLCs are programmed, communicate with each other and interface with PCs for HMI, SCADA or DCS applications, came from the computing world.

Use of Ethernet communications on the plant floor has doubled in the past five years. While serial communications remain popular and reliable, Ethernet is fast becoming the communications media of choice with advantages that simply can't be ignored, such as: * Network speed. * Ease of use when it comes to the setup and wiring. * Availability of

off-the-shelf networking components. * Built-in communications setups.

Integrated Motion Control

Another responsibility the PLC has been tasked with is motion

control. From simple open-loop to multi-axis applications, the trend has been to integrate this feature into PLC hardware and software.

There are many applications that require accurate control at a fast pace, but not exact precision at blazing speeds. These are applications where the stand-alone PLC works well. Many nano and micro PLCs are available with high-speed counting capabilities and high-frequency pulse outputs built into the controller, making them a viable solution for open-loop control.

The one caveat is that the controller does not know the position of the output device during the control sequence. On the other hand, its main advantage is cost. Even simple motion control had previously required an expensive option module, and at times was restricted to more sophisticated control platforms in order to meet system requirements.

More sophisticated motion applications require higher-precision positioning hardware and software, and many PLCs offer high-speed option modules that interface with servo drives. Most drives today can accept traditional commands from host (PLC or PC) controls, or provide their own internal motion control. The trend here is to integrate the motion control configuration into the logic controller programming software package.

Programming Languages

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A facet of the PLC that reflects both the past and the future is programming language. The IEC 61131-3 standard deals with programming languages and defines two graphical and two textual PLC programming language standards: * Ladder logic (graphical). * Function block diagram (graphical). * Structured text (textual).Instruction list (textual).

This standard also defines graphical and textual sequential function chart elements to organize programs for sequential and parallel control processing. Based on the standard, many manufacturers offer at least two of these languages as options for programming their PLCs. Ironically, approximately 96 percent of PLC users recently still use ladder diagrams to construct their PLC code. It seems that ladder logic continues to be a top choice given it's performed so well for so long.

Hardware Platforms

The modern PLC has incorporated many types of Commercial off the Shelf (COTS) technology in its CPU. This latest technology gives the PLC a faster, more powerful processor with more memory at less cost. These advances have also allowed the PLC to expand its portfolio and take on new tasks like communications, data manipulation and high-speed motion without giving up the rugged and reliable performance expected from industrial control equipment.

New technology has also created a category of controllers called Programmable Automation Controllers, or PACs. PACs differ from

traditional PLCs in that they typically utilize open, modular architectures for both hardware and software, using de facto standards for network interfaces, languages and protocols. They could be viewed as a PC in an industrial PLC-like package.

The Future

A 2005 PLC Product Focus Study from Reed Research Group pointed out factors increasingly important to users, machine builders and those

making the purchasing decisions. The top picks for features of importance were.

* The ability to network, and do so easily. Ethernet communications

is leading the charge in this realm. Not only are new protocols surfacing, but many of the industry de facto standard serial protocols that have been used for many years are being ported to Ethernet platforms. These include Modbus (ModbusTCP), DeviceNet (Ethernet/IP) and Profibus (Profinet). Ethernet communication modules for PLCs are readily available with high-speed performance and flexible protocols. Also, many PLC CPUs are now available with Ethernet ports on board, saving I/O slot space. PLCs will continue to develop more sophisticated connectivity to report information to other PLCs, system

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* The ability to network PLC I/O connections with a PC. The same trends that have benefited PLC networking have migrated to the I/O level. Many PLC manufacturers are supporting the most accepted fieldbus

networks, allowing PLC I/O to be distributed over large physical distances, or located where it was previously considered nearly impossible. This has opened the door for personal computers to interface with standard PLC I/O subsystems by using interface cards, typically supplied by the PLC manufacturer or a third party developer. Now these challenging locations can be monitored with today a PC. Where

industrial-grade control engines are not required, the user can take advantage of more advanced software packages and hardware flexibility at a lower cost.

* The ability to use universal programming software for multiple targets/platforms. In the past it was expected that an intelligent controller would be complex to program. That is no longer the case. Users are no longer just trained programmers, such as design engineers or systems integrators, but end-users who expect easier-to-use software in more familiar formats. The Windows-based look and feel that users are familiar with on their personal computers have become the most accepted graphical user interface. What began as simple relay logic emulation for programming PLCs has evolved into languages that use higher level function blocks that are much more intuitive to configure. PLC manufacturers are also beginning to integrate the programming of diverse functions that allow you to learn only one package in configuring logic, HMI, motion control and other specialized capabilities. Possibly the ultimate wish of the end-user would be for a software package that could seamlessly program many manufacturers PLCs and sub-systems. After all,

Microsoft Windows operating system and applications work similarly whether installed on a Dell, HP or IBM computer, which makes it easier

for the user.

Overall, PLC users are satisfied with the products currently available, while keeping their eye on new trends and implementing them where the benefits are obvious. Typically, new installations take advantage of advancing technologies, helping them become more accepted

in the industrial world.

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PLC的过去、现在与未来

众所周知，科技世界里只有一个永恒真理，那就是变化。这在可编程逻辑控制

器(PLC)及其各种应用的发展过程中尤为明显。自从三十多年前将PLC引进以来，PLC已经在广泛的工业领域中成为几十万控制系统的基础。

从本质上讲，PLC是一种用高度专业化语言编程的工业计算机，并继续受益于

计算机和信息技术领域的技术进步。它的最突出之处是小型化和通信功能。

微型化的PLC

在最初引进PLC的时候，主要改进它的体积，这与替换了数百个硬接线继电器

和计时器有关。一个嵌有CPU和I/O的典型单元有大约19寸电视机那么大。从20

世纪80年代到20世纪90年代初，模块化的PLC逐渐微型化，同时它的容量和性能也得到了提高。

近年来，更小型PLC已经发展到纳米级和微型级，它们已具有以前只在大型PLC上才有的特点。因此仅为了额外特性或性能而不是增加I/O容量而具体指定一个大型的PLC变得不必要，因为即使纳米级PLC也具备以太网通信、运动控制、自动调谐的嵌入式PID、远程连通性等更多的功能。

现在，由于PLC能执行运动控制、数据采集，远程终端单元(RTU)甚至一些集成人机介面(HMI)等功能，因此PLC在很多应用中也已配置齐全从而替代单一的过程控制器。以前，这些功能通常要求他们自身内置实现这些功能的控制器和软件，此外，还需要一个用于离散控制和互锁的独立的PLC。

强大的通信功能

近年来，最有意义的变化也许发生在通信领域。在20世纪90年代，Modicon 推行的Modbus通信协议，允许PLC通过标准电缆进行通信。这为PLC更好地适用于现存的设备提供了可能性，并且向主板上的其它控制系统通信成为可能。

在过去的30年里，我们真实地目睹了数百个专利化协议和标准化协议的发展，每一个协议都有自己独特的优势。现在，PLC已成为数据编译器和信息网关，它们必须接入条形码扫描器和打印机，还有温度和模拟传感器。在过程控制中，它们需要支持多种协议，以便它们能和其它设备通信。此外，在它们全部具备这些功能的同时，它们仍然要有高的性价比而且编程简单。

另一个主要改进来自于计算处理领域。确切地说，它革命化了PLC的编程方式、互相通信、与用于HMI、SCADA和DCS的PC有接口。

在过去的五年中，车间级以太网通信的应用已经翻了一倍。尽管串行通信仍然很受欢迎并且很可靠，但以太网快速地成为值得选择的通信媒体，它有着不能被忽

视的优势，例如:网速、设置简单、布线方便、现成网络组件的可用性、嵌入式通

信设置

集成运动控制

另一个分配给PLC的任务是运动控制。从简单的开环控制到多轴应用来看，在PLC的软件和硬件中集成运动控制已经成为一个趋势。

stablish a reward system to reward the outstanding manuscript selection out, the wrong investigated personsisal system, the implementation of quantitative assessment, each quarter the comparison

of office draft manuscript quality. Ey of manuscript. A manuscript

quality apprasituation, fully understand the intention of the leadership, to ensure the output, quality, and constantly improve the qualit5 很多系统在快速运行时要求精确的控制，但并不是在超高速运行时的绝对精

准。单机PLC在一些系统上也能很好地运行。许多纳米级和微型级PLC都有高速运算能力和控制器内置的高频脉冲输出能力，使它们成为开环控制的可行解决方案。

一方面要提醒的是控制器在控制顺序上不能确定输出设备的位置。另一方面要

提醒的是它的主要优势在于它的成本。以前，即使简单的运动控制也要求有一个昂贵的选择模块。有时为了满足系统需求，它不能用于更精密的控制平台中。

越精密的运动控制系统要求越高精度的定位硬件和软件，而许多PLC都提供高

速选择模块接入伺服驱动。现在，许多驱动都兼容来自控制主机(PLC或PC)的传统命令，或者提供自身的内部运动控制。将运动控制组态软件集成在PLC编程软件包中将成为一种趋势。

编程语言

编程语言是反映PLC历史的一个方面。国际电工委员会61131-3标准(IEC 61131-3)处理了编程语言并且定义了两个图形化的和两个文本化的PLC编程语言标

准:梯形逻辑(图形化) 功能块图(图形化)结构化文本(文本化)指令表(文本化) 这项标准也定义了为顺序控制和并行控制处理组织程序的图形化的和文本化的顺控功能图元素。基于这项标准，许多PLC生产商提供最少三种语言中的两种作为他们PLC编程时的语言选择。讽刺的是，在近来接触的PLC使用者中，有大约96%仍然使用梯形图编写PLC代码。由于梯形图长期的良好表现，因此梯形图编程似乎会继续成为最好的选择。

硬件平台

现代的PLC已经在它们的CPU里集成了多种的商业非定制(COTS)技术。最新的技术为PLC提供了一个更快，更强，存储量更大且成本更低的处理器。

这些先进技术也为PLC扩展集成和接受新任务(如通信、数据处理和高速运动)留出空间，而不会以牺牲工业控制设备所要求的严格可靠性为代价。

新技术已经创造了另一种控制器——可编程自动化控制器(PAC)。

PAC与传统的PLC

有所不同，这是因为PAC在软件和硬件上都采用了开放的模块化体系结构，并且采用了网络接口、语言和协议的已知标准。它们可以被看作为一个置于工业的类PLC程序包里的PC。

展望未来

来自Reed研究团的一份2005年PLC产品聚焦研究指出了一些对于PLC使用者、机器制造商和采购决策人员愈加重要的因素。排在最前的、有重要特征的因素是:

1(联网能力和易用性

以太网通信在通信领域中独占熬头。不只是新协议在逐渐平面化，许多已经使用了许多年的工业标准化协议也在逐渐地接入到以太网平台上，这些协议包括Modbus (ModbusTCP)、DeviceNet (Ethernet/IP)和Profibus (Profinet)。PLC的

以太网通信模块已经具有高速性能和灵活性的协议群。同样，许多PLC上的CPU在工作时已经可以接入以太网，这就节省了I/O槽空间。PLC将会继续开发更成熟的

连通性，使它可以将信息传输到其它PLC系统、系统控制系统、数据采集(SCADA)

系统和企业资源计划(ERP)系统上。另外，无线通信方式将会进一步普及。

2(用PC连接PLC输入/输出(I/O)的能力

A manuscript quality appraisal system, the implemensituation, fully understand the intention of the leadership, to ensu6

同样的一个趋势，过去与PLC联网获益良多，但现在已经转移到了I/O水平

上。许多PLC生产商已经支持最受大众接受的现场总线网络，使PLC的I/O可以分配在广阔的区域上或者定位在以前被认为是几乎不可能的位置上。这使个人电脑通过使用接口卡接入到标准PLC的I/O子系统成为可能，而这种接口卡主要是由PLC

生产商或第三方开发商提供的。现在，这些具挑战性的广阔区域都可以由个人电脑监控。至于在不需要技术等级控制引擎支持的地方，使用者可以利用更为先进的软件包和硬件机动性，这成本也比较低廉。

3(使用通用编程软件编制多对象/平台的能力

过去，人们都认为一个智能型控制器需要复杂的编程，但现在不再是这样了。

使用者不再只是受过培训的编程人员(如设计工程师和系统集成人员)，而是在更熟悉的设计上期待能用上人性化软件的最终用户。在他们个人电脑上，基于视窗(Windows)的外观和触感是最为人所熟悉的，它已成为最受大众接纳的图形用户界面。开始时，用于为PLC编程的简单继电逻辑仿真已经发展成为使用更高级功能块

的编程语言(这些功能块可以更直观在配置出来)。PLC生产商也已经开始一体化不

同功能块的编程，使你在构造逻辑、HMI、动态控制和其它特定功能时只需学习一

个编程软件包。也许，最终用户的最终愿望是获得一个可以无缝地为多个PLC和子系统编程的软件包。毕竟，无论是安装在Dell、HP电脑上还是安装在IBM电脑

上，微软的视窗(Windows)操作系统和应用程序都是同样地运行，这就方便了系统

用户。

总的来说，PLC用户对现行可用的PLC产品感到满意。同时，他们密切关注新

的趋势，并在他们认为有利可图的地方用上新的PLC产品。新PLC利用先进的技术，使它们在工业界更容易地被采纳。

stablish a reward system to reward the outstanding manuscript selection out, the wrong investigated personsisal system, the implementation of quantitative assessment, each quarter the comparison

of office draft manuscript quality. Ey of manuscript. A manuscript

quality apprasituation, fully understand the intention of the leadership, to ensure the output, quality, and constantly improve the qualit7

PLC外文翻译

外文翻译原文：The open system merit of Computer Numerical Control The open system merit is the system simple, the cost low, but the shortcoming is the precision is low. The reverse gap, the guide screw pitch error, stop inferiorly can affect the pointing accuracy by mistake. Following several kind of improvements measure may cause the pointing accuracy distinct improvement. 1. reverse gap error compensates The numerical control engine bed processing cutting tool and the work piece relative motion is depends upon the drive impetus gear,the guide screw rotation, thus the impetus work floor and so on moves the part to produce moves realizes. As traditional part gear, guide screw although the manufacture precision is very high, but always unavoidably has the gap. As a result of this kind of gap existence, when movement direction change, starts the section time to be able to cause inevitably actuates the part wasting time, appears the instruction pulse to push the motionless functional element the aspect. This has affected the engine bed processing precision, namely the instruction pulse and actual enters for the step does not tally,has the processing error therefore, the split-ring numerical control system all establishes generally has the reverse gap error compensatory function, with by makes up which wastes time the step reverse gap difference compensates is first actual reverse enters for the error, converts the pulse equivalent number it, compensates the subroutine as the gap the output, when the computer judgment appears when instruction for counter motion, transfers the gap to compensate the subroutine immediately, compensates the pulse after the output to eliminate the reverse gap to carry on again normally inserts makes up the movement. 2. often the value systematic characteristic position error compensates A kind of storehouse by transfers for the designer. Like this in the components design stage, the designer only must input the characteristic the parameter, the system direct production characteristic example model: We must save the related characteristic class in the database the structure information, the database table collection are use in saving this part of related information. According to the characteristic type definition need, we defined the characteristic class code table, the

PLC外文文献翻译

Programmable logic controller A programmable logic controller (PLC) or programmable controller is a digital computer used for automation of electromechanical processes, such as control of machinery on factory assembly lines, amusement rides, or lighting fixtures. PLCs are used in many industries and machines. Unlike general-purpose computers, the PLC is designed for multiple inputs and output arrangements, extended temperature ranges, immunity to electrical noise, and resistance to vibration and impact. Programs to control machine operation are typically stored in battery-backed or non-volatile memory. A PLC is an example of a real time system since output results must be produced in response to input conditions within a bounded time, otherwise unintended operation will result. 1.History The PLC was invented in response to the needs of the American automotive manufacturing industry. Programmable logic controllers were initially adopted by the automotive industry where software revision replaced the re-wiring of hard-wired control panels when production models changed. Before the PLC, control, sequencing, and safety interlock logic for manufacturing automobiles was accomplished using hundreds or thousands of relays, cam timers, and drum sequencers and dedicated closed-loop controllers. The process for updating such facilities for the yearly model change-over was very time consuming and expensive, as electricians needed to individually rewire each and every relay. In 1968 GM Hydramatic (the automatic transmission division of General Motors) issued a request for proposal for an electronic replacement for hard-wired relay systems. The winning proposal came from Bedford Associates of Bedford, Massachusetts. The first PLC, designated the 084 because it was Bedford Associates' eighty-fourth project, was the result. Bedford Associates started a new company dedicated to developing, manufacturing, selling, and servicing this new product: Modicon, which stood for MOdular DIgital CONtroller. One of the people who worked on that project was Dick Morley, who is considered to be the "father" of the PLC. The Modicon brand was sold in 1977 to Gould Electronics, and later acquired by German Company AEG and then by French Schneider Electric, the current owner. One of the very first 084 models built is now on display at Modicon's headquarters in North Andover, Massachusetts. It was presented to Modicon by GM, when the unit was retired after nearly twenty years of uninterrupted service. Modicon used the 84

基于PLC相关的毕业设计外文翻译(可编辑修改word版)

毕业论文（设计）外文翻译题目：可编程逻辑控制器技术系部名称：信息工程系专业班级：学生姓名：学号：指导教师：教师职称： 2014 年3 月XX 日

译文可编程逻辑控制器技术引言 PLC（可编程逻辑控制器）实际是一个工业控制系统（近来我们看到更多的是用处理器来取代微控制器），在软件和硬件都配备的条件下，适合应用于工业环境。PLC 的发明是相当必要的，它代替了传统的依靠由继电接触器电路来控制电机。PLC 的工作原理是根据它的输入信号和工作状态来确定输出。用户通常是通过软件或编程输入一个程序，来输出所需要的结果。如图 8-1 所示，PLC 是由典型的黑色构件组成。特别需要注意的是它的输入和输出，因为在这些模块上，工业环境会给 CPU 一个输入线，所以很有必要将 CPU 模块隔离以保护其免遭有害的影响。程序单元通常是用计算机来编写程序（一般是梯形图）。 1.1CPU 的中央处理单元中央处理单元（CPU）是一个 PLC 的主控制器。一般 CPU 本身是一个微控制器。通常这些都是 8 位微控制器，如 8051 ，现在的这些是 16 位和 32 位微控制器。潜规则是，你会发现用在 PLC 控制器上的微控制器多数是由日本生产的日立和富士通，欧洲的西门子控制器，和美国的摩托罗拉微控制器。CPU 也负责通讯，与 PLC 控制器的其它部分相互联系，如程序执行，内存操作，监督输入和设置输出。PLC 控制器拥有复杂的程序用于内存检查，以确保 PLC 内存不被损坏（内存检查是为了安全原因而作出的）。一般来说，CPU 单元多数用来检查 PLC 控制器本身，所以有可能出现的错误很早就会被发现。你可以简单地看任何 PLC 控制器,查看错误信号在发光二极管上的种种指示形式。 1.2内存系统内存（今天主要是在 FLASH 技术上实现）用于一台 PLC 的过程控制系统。除了这个操作系统它还包含用户程序将梯形图翻译成二进制的形式。 FLASH 存储器的内容仅在用户程序改变下可以改变。PLC 控制器较早被用来代替闪存，EPROM 存储器代替了那些只能依靠紫外线灯等擦除内存并依靠程序员来编程的 FLASH 存储器。在 FLASH 技术的作用下这个过程被大大的缩短了。重组程序内存通过程序中的串行通讯用于应用程序开发。使用内存被划分成多个具有特殊功能的模块。存储器某些部分用来存储输入状态和输出状态。一个输入信号的实际状态是用 1 或0 存储在一个特定的存储位。每一个输入信号和输出信号在内存里都有一个位与之相对应。内存的其他部分用来存储用户程序中使用的变量以及变量的内容。例如，定时器的值和计数器的值都将被存储在这部分内存里。 1.3PLC 控制器的编程 PLC 控制器可以通过计算机（常用的方式）进行编程，还可以通过手动编程器（控制台）编程。这实际上意味着如果你有需要的编程软件那么每个 PLC 控制器都可以通过计算机进行编程。今天的传输计算机是非常适合在工厂对 PLC 控制器进行编程的。这对工业有着非常重要的意义。一旦系统被刷新，重新读取正确的程序到 PLC 就很重要。还可以定期检查 PLC 中的程序是否改变了。这有助于避免在工厂车间发生危险状况（部分汽车制造商建立了通信网络，定期检查项目中的 PLC 控制器，以确保执行的程序是正确的）。

plc外文翻译

1 Bit Logic In structi ons 1.1 Overview of Bit Logic In structi ons 1.1.1 Description Bit logic in structi ons work with two digits, 1 and 0. These two digits form the base of a nu mber system called the binary system. The two digits 1 and 0 are called binary digits or bits. In the world of con tacts and coils, a 1 in dicates activated or en ergized, and a 0 in dicates not activated or not en ergized. The bit logic in struct ions in terpret sig nal states of 1 and 0 and comb ine them accord ing to Boolea n logic. These comb in ati ons produce a result of 1 or 0 that is called the “result of logic operati on ” (RLO). The logic operations that are triggered by the bit logic instructions perform a variety of fun cti ons. There are bit logic in structio ns to perform the followi ng fun cti ons: ---| |--- Normally Ope n Co ntact (Address) ---| / |--- Normally Closed Con tact (Address) ---(SAVE) Save RLO into BR Memory XOR Bit Exclusive OR ---()Output Coil ---(# )--- Midli ne Output ---|NOT|--- In vert Power Flow The followi ng in structio ns react to an RLO of 1: ---(S ) Set Coil ---(R ) Reset Coil SR Set-Reset Flip Flop RS Reset-Set Flip Flop Other in structi ons react to a positive or n egative edge tran siti on to perform the followi ng functions: ---(N)--- Negative RLO Edge Detectio n ---(P)--- Positive RLO Edge Detectio n NEG Address Negative Edge Detectio n POS Address Positive Edge Detectio n

plc外文翻译

1 Bit Logic Instructions 1.1 Overview of Bit Logic Instructions 1.1.1 Description Bit logic instructions work with two digits, 1 and 0. These two digits form the base of a number system called the binary system. The two digits 1 and 0 are called binary digits or bits. In the world of contacts and coils, a 1 indicates activated or energized, and a 0 indicates not activated or not energized. The bit logic instructions interpret signal states of 1 and 0 and combine them according to Boolean logic. These combinations produce a result of 1 or 0 that is called the “result of logic operation” (RLO). The logic operations that are triggered by the bit logic instructions perform a variety of functions. There are bit logic instructions to perform the following functions: ---| |--- Normally Open Contact (Address) ---| / |--- Normally Closed Contact (Address) ---(SAVE) Save RLO into BR Memory XOR Bit Exclusive OR ---( ) Output Coil ---( # )--- Midline Output ---|NOT|--- Invert Power Flow The following instructions react to an RLO of 1: ---( S ) Set Coil ---( R ) Reset Coil SR Set-Reset Flip Flop RS Reset-Set Flip Flop Other instructions react to a positive or negative edge transition to perform the following functions: ---(N)--- Negative RLO Edge Detection ---(P)--- Positive RLO Edge Detection NEG Address Negative Edge Detection POS Address Positive Edge Detection

PLC控制系统外文翻译

附录 Abstract: Programmable controller in the field of industrial control applications, and PLC in the application process, to ensure normal operation should be noted that a series of questions, and give some reasonable suggestions. Key words: PLC Industrial Control Interference Wiring Ground Proposal Description Over the years, programmable logic controller (hereinafter referred to as PLC) from its production to the present, to achieve a connection to the storage logical leap of logic; its function from weak to strong, to achieve a logic control to digital control of progress; its applications from small to large, simple controls to achieve a single device to qualified motion control, process control and distributed control across the various tasks. PLC today in dealing with analog, digital computing, human-machine interface and the network have been a substantial increase in the capacity to become the mainstream of the field of control of industrial control equipment, in all walks of life playing an increasingly important role. ⅡPLC application areas Currently, PLC has been widely used in domestic and foreign steel, petroleum, chemical, power, building materials, machinery manufacturing, automobile, textile, transportation, environmental and cultural entertainment and other industries, the use of mainly divided into the following categories: 1. Binary logic control Replace traditional relay circuit, logic control, sequential control, can be used to control a single device can also be used for multi-cluster control and automation lines. Such as injection molding machine, printing machine, stapler machine, lathe, grinding machines, packaging lines, plating lines and so on. 2. Industrial Process Control In the industrial production process, there are some, such as temperature, pressure, flow, level and speed, the amount of continuous change (ie, analog), PLC using the appropriate A / D and D / A converter module, and a variety of control algorithm program to handle analog, complete closed-loop control. PID closed loop control system adjustment is generally used as a conditioning method was more. Process control in metallurgy, chemical industry, heat treatment, boiler control and so forth have a very wide range of applications 3. Motion Control PLC can be used in a circular motion or linear motion control. Generally use a dedicated motion control module, for example a stepper motor or servo motor driven single-axis or multi-axis position control module, used in a variety of machinery, machine tools, robots, elevators and other occasions. 4. Data Processing PLC with mathematics (including matrix operations, functions, operation, logic operation), data transfer, data conversion, sorting, look-up table, bit manipulation functions, you can complete the data collection, analysis and processing.Data

精品中英文外文翻译--PLC和微处理器-定

Introductions of PLC and MCU A PLC is a device that was invented to replace the necessary sequential relay circuits for machine control. The PLC works by looking at its inputs and depending upon their state, turning on/off its outputs .The user enters a program, usually via software or programmer that gives the desired results. PLC are used in many “real world” applications. If there is industry present, chances are good that there is a PLC present. If you are involved in machining, packaging, material handling, automated assembly or countless other industries, you are probably already using them. If you are not, you are wasting money and time. Almost any application that needs some type of electrical control has need for PLC. For example, let’s assume that when a switch turns on we want to turn a solenoid on for 5 seconds and then turn it off regardless of how long the switch is on for. We can do this with a simple external timer. What if the process also needed to count how many times the switch individually turned on? We need a lot of external counters. As you can see, the bigger the process the more of a need we have for a PLC. We can simply program the PLC to count its inputs and turn the solenoids on for the specified time. We will take a look at what i s considered to be the “top 20” PLC instructions. It can be safely estimated that with a firm understanding of there instructions one can solve more than 80% of the applications in existence. That‘s right, more than 80%! Of course we’ll learn more than jus t these instructions to help you solve almost ALL your potential PLC applications. The PLC mainly consists of a CPU, memory areas, and appropriate circuits to receive input/output data, as shown in Fig. 19.1 We can actually consider the PLC to be a box full of hundreds or thousands of separate relays, counters, timer and date storage locations. Do these counters, timers, etc. really exist? No, they don’t “physically” exist but rather they are simulated and can be considered software counters, timers, etc. These internal relays are simulated through bit locations in registers. What does each part do? INPUT RELAYS-(contacts) These are connected to the outside world. They physically exist and receive signals from switches, sensors, etc... Typically they are not relays but rather they are transistors.

PLC中英文资料外文翻译-(1)

可编程控制器技术讨论与未来发展摘自《可编程控制器技术讨论与未来发展》数字媒体系 08165110 多衡随着时代的发展,当今的技术也日趋完善、竞争愈演愈烈;单靠人工的操作已不能满足于目前的制造业前景,也无法保证更高质量的要求和高新技术企业的形象. 人们在生产实践中看到,自动化给人们带来了极大的便利和产品质量上的保证,同时也减轻了人员的劳动强度,减少了人员上的编制.在许多复杂的生产过程中难以实现的目标控制、整体优化、最佳决策等,熟练的操作工、技术人员或专家、管理者却能够容易判断和操作,可以获得满意的效果.人工智能的研究目标正是利用计算机来实现、模拟这些智能行为,通过人脑与计算机协调工作,以人机结合的模式,为解决十分复杂的问题寻找最佳的途径我们在各种场合看到了继电器连接的控制，那已经是时代的过去，如今的继电器只能作为低端的基层控制模块或者简单的设备中使用到；而PLC的出现也成为了划时代的主题，通过极其稳定的硬件穿插灵活的软件控制，使得自动化走向了新的高潮。 PLC的最大特点在于：电气工程师已不再电气的硬件上花费太多的心计，只要将按钮开关或感应器的输入点连接到PLC的输入点上就能解决问题，通过输出点连接接触器或继电器来控制大功率的启动设备，而小功率的输出设备直接连接就可以。 PLC的内部包含了具有中央处理器的CPU，并带有外部I/O口扩展的I/O接口地址和存储器三大块组成，CPU的核心是由一个或者多个累加器组成，它们具有逻辑的数学运算能力，并能读取程序存储器的内容通过计算后去驱动相应的存储器和I/O接口；I/O口将内部累加器和外部的输入和输出系统连接起来，并将相关的数据存入程序存储器或者数据存储器中；存储器可以将I/O口输入的数据存入存储器中，并在工作时调转到累加器和I/O接口上，存储器分程序存储器ROM和数据存储器RAM,ROM可以将数据永久的存入存储器中，而RAM只能作为CPU计算时临时计算使用的缓冲空间。 PLC的抗干扰是极其优秀的，我们根本不用去关心它的使用寿命和工作场合的恶劣，这些所有的问题已不再成为我们失败的主题，而留给我们的是关心如何来利用PLC的内部资源为我们加强设备的控制能力，使我们的设备更加的柔性。 PLC的语言并不是我们所想象的汇编语言或C语言来进行编程，而是采用原有的继电器控制的梯形图，使得电气工程师在编写程序时很容易就理解了PLC的语言，而且很多的非电气专业人士也对PLC很快认识并深入。

PLC中英文资料外文翻译

可编程控制器技术讨论与未来发展学生姓名： ****** 所在院系： ****** 所学专业： ****** 导师姓名： ****** 完成时间：******

外文资料 PLCtechnique discussion and future development With the development of the times, today's technology is maturing, competition intensified。 rely on manual operation does not satisfy the current industry outlook, there is no guarantee of higher quality requirements and high-tech corporate image. People saw in the production practice, automation to bring great convenience and product quality assurance, but also reduce the labor intensity, reducing the staff on the establishment in many complex production process is difficult to achieve target control, the overall optimization, optimal decision-making, skilled operatives, technicians or specialists, managers can easily determine and operate it, you can get satisfactory results. artificial intelligence research is the use of computers to achieve the target, the analog These intelligent behavior, through coordination of the human brain and a computer to combine human models for solving very complex problem of finding the best way. PLC's most important feature is: electrical engineer electrical hardware no longer spend too much scheming, as long as the button switch or sensor input connected to the PLC input point will solve the problem by connecting the output point contacts or relay to control the power of the boot device, and small power output devices can be connected directly. Contained within the PLC having a central processor of the CPU, and with an external I / O port expansion I / O interface and the memory addresses of three major components, CPU core is formed by one or more accumulators, which have the logical math capabilities, and can read the contents of the program memory to drive through the calculation of the corresponding memory and I / O interface。 I / O port to the internal accumulator and external input and output systems together, and the relevant data stored in the program memory or data memory。 memory can be I / O port input data stored in memory and transferred to the accumulator at work, and I / O interfaces, memory sub-ROM program memory and data memory RAM, ROM data can be permanently stored in memory, CPU and RAM only as a temporary calculated using the calculation buffer space. PLC immunity is extremely good, we do not have to care about the life and work of its harsh occasions, all of these issues are no longer the subject of our failure, and left us is concerned with how to take advantage of the PLC's internal resources to

PLC中英文资料外文翻译

附录外文资料 PLC technique discussion and future development Along with the development of the ages, the technique that is nowadays is also gradually perfect, the competition plays more more strong; the operation that list depends the artificial has already can't satisfied with the current manufacturing industry foreground, also can't guarantee the request of the higher quantity and high new the image of the technique business enterprise. The people see in produce practice, automate brought the tremendous convenience and the product quantities for people up of assurance, also eased the personnel's labor strength, reduce the establishment on the personnel. The target control of the hard realization in many complicated production lines, whole and excellent turn, the best decision etc., well-trained operation work, technical personnel or expert, governor but can judge and operate easily, can acquire the satisfied result. The research target of the artificial intelligence makes use of the calculator exactly to carry out, imitate these intelligences behavior, moderating the work through person's brain and calculators, with the mode that person's machine combine, for resolve the very complicated problem to look for the best path We come in sight of the control that links after the electric appliances in various situation, that is already the that time generation past, now of after use in the mold a perhaps simple equipments of grass-roots control that the electric appliances can do for the low level only;And the PLC emergence also became the epoch-making topic, adding the vivid software control through a very and stable hardware, making the automation head for the new high tide. The PLC biggest characteristics lie in: The electrical engineering teacher already no longer electric hardware up too many calculationses of cost, as long as order the importation that the button switch or the importation of the sensors order to link the PLC up can solve problem, pass to output to order the conjunction contact machine or control the start equipments of the big power after the electric appliances, but the