主谓一致 (2)
主谓一致
例如：
The class are doing experiment on heat and light.
The team are playing magnificently.
The United States is a country advanced in science and technology.
Two thirds of the area is under water.
同一单词作主语，根据其表达意义的不同，有时用单数动词，
有时却要用复数动词。例如：
The family is the basic unit of the society.
The family have agreed among themselves to spend their vacation in Italy.
Neither he nor his parents have the money to buy this house.
Either you or he was wrong.
There is a pen, a few envelopes and some paper in the drawer.
Not only his children but he himself is hoping to be there.
2) a kind of, a sort of, a portion of, a section of, a series of, a succession of, a pair of, a couple of 等修饰主语时，谓语动词一般根据语法一致原则一般用单数。例如：
A pair of scissors is what he needs now.
A series of lectures on radio engineering is scheduled.
There is a couple of vacant rooms behind the office.
4) 不定式、动名词短语或名词性从句作主语时，谓语动词也要用单数。例如：
To master at least a foreign language is very necessary in the present
conditions.
Forgetting the past means nothing but betrayal.
When they will start on their journey hasn’t been decided.
2) 以复数形式结尾的山脉、群岛、瀑布等专有名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数。例如：
The Niagara Falls are very spectacular.
The Philippine Islands are in the Pacific Ocean.
3) 表示群体或类属的“the +形容词” 作主语时，谓语动词用复数。例如：
The injured were sent to hospital at once.
In many western films, the good are well rewarded and the bad are punished.
当and连接两个形容词修饰一个单数名词作主语时，如果指一件 事物谓语动词用单数； 如果指两件事物则谓语动词用复数。如：
A black and white(黑白相间的) horse was drinking water.
The red and the yellow rose are both beautiful.
2) 集合名词如family, group, team, the public, crowd, committee, staff等作主语， 表整体意义时用单数；表个体意义时用复数。如：
Our team has won the game.
Our team are discussing the matter of how to win.
A large percentage of our pilots retire early.
A large percentage of his income is paid in income tax.
Most of the book is interesting.
Most of the books are informative though a little dull.
4) 另一些表示数量的词a number of, a total of, an average of等后接复数名词，谓语动词用复数； 但其中不定冠词换成定冠词时，谓语动词要用单数。例如：
A number of students were late for school owing to the storm.
The number of jobs is increasing.
An average of 3 000 letters a month are received by the newspaper’s off
ice.
Exercises
10) Collecting stamps as a hobby _______ increasingly popular during the past ten years.
A. became B. becomes
C. has become D. have become
11) ________ evidence that language-acquiring ability must be stimulated.
A. It being B. It is
C. There being D. There is
12) Half of the audience _______ foreigners.
A. was B. were
C. had been D. has been
Exercises
2. Directions: Tick out（选出） the correct form of the verb given in the brackets to complete each sentence.
1) There (seem, seems) to be many arguments on both sides.
2) Two-thirds of this (has, have) been finished.
3) Now the band (is, are) putting away their instruments.
4) Ten divided by two (equal, equals) five.
5) A pair of trousers (is, are) on the sofa.
6) The article is one of the best stories that (has, have) ever been written.
7) Neither the teacher nor the students (has, have) enough time.
Exercises
3. Directions: Put the following sentences into English.
1) 各种办法都试过了。
2) 来自北方的学生不多。
3) 战争与和平是历史永恒的主题。
4) 除了两个佣人之外，晚宴没有人迟到。（except）
Exercises
5) 事先起草一篇作文是个好主意。
6) 事故是由什么引起的完全是个谜。
7) 许多人为了革命事业牺牲了自己的生命。（many a）
8) 不但教师反对，学生也反对这一改变。