初三中考英语语法专题复习之动词及动词短语讲义教案
学员编号：年级：初三课时数：3 学员姓名：辅导科目：英语学科教师：
授课类型C语法专题之动词及动词短语
教学目标1、了解动词及动词短语的考点。2、复习动词及动词短语知识点
星级★★
授课日期及时段
教学内容
（建议2-5分钟）
一．问题结合图片导入
Q：what are the man in the picture doing ?
Keys: She is dancing. She is singing. He is doing magic .
（建议20-25分钟）
一、考点扫描
1、动词和动词词组辨析。
2、常用动词于名词、副词、介词构成的短语动词的基本含义和引申义。
C-中考考点之动词及动词短语
中考考点动词及动词短语
二、考点诠释
一、系动词的考查
系动词亦称联系动词（Link Verb），作为系动词，它本身有词义，但不能单独用作谓语，后边必须跟表语（亦称补语），构成系表结构说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。
英语中常见的表示状态变化的系动词主要有:
1）状态系动词
用来表示主语状态，只有be一词，例如：
He is a teacher. 他是一名教师。（is与补足语一起说明主语的身份。）
2）持续系动词
用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度，主要有keep, rest, remain, stay, lie, stand, 例如：
He always kept silent at meeting. 他开会时总保持沉默。
This matter rests a mystery. 此事仍是一个谜。
3）表像系动词
用来表示"看起来像"这一概念，主要有seem, appear, look, 例如：
He looks tired. 他看起来很累。
He seems (to be) very sad. 他看起来很伤心。
4）感官系动词
感官系动词主要有feel, smell, sound, taste, 例如：
This kind of cloth feels very soft.
这种布手感很软。
This flower smells very sweet.
这朵花闻起来很香。
5）变化系动词
这些系动词表示主语变成什么样，变化系动词主要有become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run.
例如：
He became mad after that. 自那之后，他疯了。
She grew rich within a short time. 她没多长时间就富了。
6）终止系动词
表示主语已终止动作，主要有prove, trun out, 表达"证实"，"变成"之意，例如：
The rumor proved false. 这谣言证实有假。
The search proved difficult. 搜查证实很难。
His plan turned out a success. 他的计划终于成功了。（turn out表终止性结果）
口诀记忆：一"be":is am are 四"变":get become turn go 五"感官":feel taste smell sound look
典型例题
1. “You look in this new dress.” Tom said to Sally. （2013 崇明一模）
A) lovely B) beautifully C) happily D) quietly
Keys : A 题中look是连系动词，连接形容词
2. Mike’s idea on the activities for the outing sounds __________. We will think it over. （2013 黄浦一模）
A. interested
B. interesting
C. interest
D. interestingly
Keys :B 题中sound是连系动词，连接形容词
3. The little baby looks very especially when he is smiling. （2013 金山一模）
A) lovely B) carefully C) heavily D) sadly
Keys :A 题中look是连系动词，连接形容词
4. This kind of beef from India tastes _________. We don’t like it at all. （2013 静安一模）
A) delicious B) good C) well D) awful
Keys :D 题中taste 是连系动词，连接形容词
2、对动词的考查
1. The water in the river ___________ three feet last night because of the sudden flood.（2013 宝山一模）
A) raised B) rose C) grew D) added
keys： B 根据原题结构需要一个不及物动词
2. Paul’s parents were worried that he __________ too much time chatting on line.（2013 崇明一模）
A) spent B) cost C) paid D) took
keys：.A
四个花费花钱人作主语：sb. spend sm. on sth. (in) doing sth.
sb. pay sm. for sth.
sb. buy/purchase sth. for some money 物作主语：sth. cost sb. sm.
花时间人作主语：sb. spend st. on sth. (in) doing sth.
物作主语：It takes sb. st. to do sth.
3. Peter _________ to escape from the prison, but he couldn’t find a safe hiding place. （2013 虹口一模）
A) succeeded B) managed C) advised D) offered
keys：B succeed in doing 成功做某事 manage to do 尽力做某事并成功
advise to do 建议做某事 offer to do 主动要求做某事
4.My parents __________ about 30,000 yuan for my college education in UK each year.（2012 长宁二模）
A.spend
B. take
C. pay
D. Cost
keys：C 四个花费
5. — What should we do first if we want to ________ our village?（2012 奉贤二模）
— Build a lot of new roads. I think.
A.decide
B. discover C .describe D. Develop
keys：D decide 决定discover 发现describe 描述Develop 发展
6. China aims to _____ faster and cheaper Internet services during the coming four years. （2012 金山二模）
A. predict
B. provide
C. prevent
D. Pretend
keys：B predict 预测provide 提供prevent 防止Pretend 假装
7. The idea to go to Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden _______wonderful. （2012 金山二模）
A. looks
B. tastes
C. sounds
D. Smells
keys：C
8. The new type of bicycle ________ him about￥1000, but he thought it was worth buying.（2012 杨浦二模）典型例题
A took
B spent
C paid
D cost
keys：D四个花费
3、对动词词组的考查
1.不同的动词，后面加上相同的介、副词
使用频率较高的这类动词有：call，cut，come，go，get，look，put，set，turn，take，pay，pick，make 等。常见的介词或副词有：in，off，out，up，away，for，on，over，等。l．动词+about
speak／talk about 谈论think about 思考
care about 关心，对……有兴趣bring about 引起，使发生
set about 着手，开始hear about 听说
worry about 为……担心
2．动词+away
throw away 扔掉blow away 吹走
carry away 拿走，使入迷clear away 清除掉，消散
die away 逐渐消失,减弱pass away 去世
wash away 冲走take away 拿走，使消失
put away 收拾起来，存起来give away 背弃，泄漏，赠送
4．动词+for
ask for 要求得到
care for 关心，喜欢search for 查找
look for 寻找
call for 需要，要求take…for 误以为……是
5．动词+down
burn down 烧毁break down 坏了，垮了，分解
take down 记下，记录turn down 调小，拒绝
cut down 削减，砍倒calm down 平静下来
6．动词+at
work at 干……活动(研究) look at 看，注视
stare at 凝视glare at 怒视
laugh at 嘲笑knock at 敲(门、窗等)
point at 指向aim at 向……瞄准
call at 拜访(地点)
7．动词+from
hear from 收到……来信die from 因……而死
keep／stop／prevent…from不让……做learn from 向……学习
8．动词+of
think of 想到dream of 梦到
consist of 由……组成speak of 谈到
die of 死于hear of 听说
complain of 抱怨
9．动词+off
use up 用完make up构成，组成编造弥补
speed up 加快速度
clear up 整理，收拾，放晴look up 查找，找出
17．动词十through
get through 通过，干完，接通电话look through 翻阅，看一遍，仔细查看
go through 审阅，检查，学习put…through 接通电话
18．动词+with
deal with 处理，对付talk with 同……交谈
agree with 同意，与……一致compare with 与……相比
combine with 与……相联合equip…with 以……装备
cover…with 用……覆盖begin with 以……开始
end up with 以……结束supply…with 以……供给
provide…with 以……供给play with 玩，玩弄
典型例题
1. Many people had __________ Mo Yan before he was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature.（2013 黄浦一模）
A. taken care of
B. heard of
C. got rid of
D. consisted of
keys：B taken care of 照顾heard of 听说got rid of 摆脱consisted of 由。。。组成
2. Tim is always trying to ________ his wisdom in front of others. （2012 宝山二模）
A. show off B put off C set off D turn off
keys：A show off 炫耀put off 推迟set off 出发turn off 关掉
3. When you leave your classroom, remember to______the lights. （2012 金山二模）
A 。get off
B .turn off C. take off D. put off
keys：A get off 下车.turn off 关掉. take off 起飞、脱掉put off 推迟
2.同一个动词。后面加上不同的小品词(即介词或副词)：
6. put v.
put on 穿；带上；上演
put off 延期
put out 扑灭
put up举起；挂起
7. take v.
take away 拿走
take off 脱掉（衣服等）；起飞
take out 取出
take place 发生；举行
take up 开始从事
8. turn v.
turn on 打开（电视，电灯，收音机，水龙头等）
turn off 关掉（电视，电灯，收音机，水龙头等）
turn up （把音量等）调高
turn down （把音量等）调低
turn out 结果是；证明是
turn over 翻（车/ 页/身）
turn into 变成
9. go v.
go on 继续
go out熄灭
go over 复习
go ahead
go wrong 出错
10. get v.
get back 返回
get off 下车
get on/in 上车（大/小）
get to 到达
get up 起床
11. talk v.
talk with/ to sb. 和某人交谈
talk about 谈论，议论
talk over 讨论，商量
典型例题
1. Trees can ___________ CO
2. So we must protect them. （2013 宝山一模）
A) take part in B) take in C) take place D) take into
keys：B take part in 参加take in 吸收take place 发生take into 考虑到
2.Young Jimmy __________ painting two weeks ago, but soon he lost interest in it.（2012 长宁二模）
A. took up
B. took off
C. took out
D. took away
keys：A .take up 查阅向上看take off 脱掉起飞. Take out 拿出take away 拿走
3.动词不同，小品词也不同
典型例题
1. T he world is so big that nothing is to ______. （2013 闸北一模）
A) be proud of B) be satisfied with C) be surprised at D) be thankful to
keys：C be proud of 对...感到自豪be satisfied with对...感到满意be surprised at对...感到惊喜
be thankful to 对...感到感激
2. Don't worry! I'm sure you'll ________ your classmates if you are kind and friendly to them. （2012 奉贤二模）
A. catch up with
B. agree with
C. get on well with
D. keep in touch with
keys：C catch up with 赶上agree with 同意. get on well with 与...相处. keep in touch with 与...联系
3. I was born here. I’m quite ________ the streets in this town. （2012 杨浦二模）
A. afraid of
B. familiar with
C. proud of
D. careful with
keys：B afraid of 对...感到害怕. familiar with 对...感到熟悉proud of 对...感到自豪careful with 对...小心
（建议10-15分钟）
Exercise 1
1. — You'd better hurry, or we'll be late for the plane.
— Don't worry. The plane will _____ in two hours.
A.take in
B. take away
C. take off
D. take out
2.It's not easy for one parent to_____ his or her child.
A. grow up
B. take up
C. keep up
D. bring up
3.Tom, please help me_____ the picture on the wall.
A. put up
B. put on
C. put off
D. put into
4. —Wang Lin has decided to_____ his bad habit of sleeping in class.
—That's good news. I hope he can do it this time.
A. wake up
B. set up
C. clean up
D. give up
5. To______ his sick mother, David goes to the hospital after work every day.
A. take charge of
B. take hold of
C. take care of
D. take the place of
6. Metal____ making machines and many other things.
A. used to
B. is used for
C. is used as
D. is used to
7. A lot of meetings were____ because of the dangerous disease.
A. turned off
B. set off
C. put off
D. taken off
8. There was a rainstorm yesterday. The flood_____ the old bridge over the small river.
A. washed away
B. went away
C. kept away
D. put away
9.The government will_____ some new colleges for more students to receive higher education.
A. set up
B. set out
C. put down
D. put on
10.. We believe scientists will______ a way to solve the problem of air pollution.
A. set off
B. put off
C. come up with
D. catch up with
keys：1.C 2.D 3.A 4.C 5.C 6.B 7.C 8.D 9.A 10.C
score:____________
（建议2-5分钟）
回顾与自我总结学习法
批注：第一步采用回顾学习法，让学生自己回忆在本模块学到了哪些知识点；鼓励学生自己梳
理课堂思路和知识点。第二步是通过所作的练习，即根据“斩妖除魔”环节，引导学生自行总结动词及动词短语相关知识点的相关注意事项。同时学会将时态和句意的同时运用到单项选择题和完成句子解题中去。
1.我们来回顾一下，系动词分为哪几大类？系动词小口决
__________________ _____________ 2. 常考的一些动词
________________________
3.不同动词+同一个小品词
_______________________________
4.同一个动词+不同小品词
_______________________________
5.其他一些不同动词+不同小品词_______________________________
中考英语动词短语知识点(大全)
人教版中考英语专项训练动词短语知识点(大全) 一、动词 1．–Oh, no! I can't find my mobile phone! —Well, where you last put it? A. have B. do C. did 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】考查动词的时态辨析。句意：-哦，我找不到我的手机了。-哦，你上次放在哪儿了？描述过去放在哪儿的，用一般过去时态。一般过去时的疑问句，在前加助动词did，后用动词原形。故选C。 2．Not having __________ her daughter abroad for a long time, the mother was very worried. A. heard of B. heard from C. learned from 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：很长时间没有国外女儿的……，妈妈很担心。A.听说； B.收到……来信；C.向……学习，结合句意选B。 【点评】考查动词短语词义。 3．_________your dream, and then you will make it come true one day. A. Look up B. Keep away from C. Take back D. Stick to 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：坚持你的梦想，你总有一天会实现它。Look up查阅；Keep away from远离；Take back取回，拿回；Stick to坚持。根据句意，故答案为D。 【点评】考查短语动词。注意掌握掌握短语动词的意义和用法。 4．— I hope you can stick with your dream no matter what happens. —Thank you. I will never give it up. A. continue with B. keep in touch with C. agree with 【答案】 A 【解析】【答案】A 【分析】句意—无论发生什么，我希望你能坚持你的梦想。—谢谢你。我不会放弃的。continue with”继续；坚持“；keep in touch with”保持联系“；agree with”同意“。可知选A。【点评】考查动词词组的辨析
情态动词大学英语语法精解
大学英语语法精解——情态动词 首先让我们分析以下近几年情态动词的考题： 1) This box is too heavy, _________give me a hand?(1998.1) A .would you mind B. would you please C. will you like to D. will you please to 2) Research findings show we spend about two hours dreaming every night , no matter what we ____ during the day.(1999.1) A. should have done B. would have done C. may have done D. must have done 3)It was very kind of you to do the washing-up,but you____ it.(1998.6) A. mustn't have done B. wouldn't have done C. mightn't have done D. didn't have to do 4) If you don't like to swim, you ___ stay at home.(1995.1) A. should as well B. may as well C. can as well D. would as well 5) You ____ him so closely;you should have kept your distance.(2000.6) A. shouldn't follow B. mustn't follow C. couldn't have been following D. shouldn't have been following 6) You ___her in her office last Friday; she's been out of town for two weeks.(1996.1) A. needn't have seen B. must have seen C. might have seen D. can't have seen 7) The room is in a terrible mess; it ____ cleaned.(1996.6) A. can't have been B. shouldn't have been C. mustn't have been D. wouldn't have been 参考答案 1) B 2) C 3) D 4) B 5) D 6) C 7) A 2．情态动词的测试要点 从以上例题可以看出，四级语法对情态动词的测试大体有以下几点。 1）情态动词的基本用法，如①④⑤。 2）情态动词+ 动词的完成形式的用法，如③⑥。 3）情态动词的推测性用法,如⑦。
《中考英语》初中英语语法知识—动词时态的真题汇编含答案
一、选择题 1．— Who ________the classroom tomorrow, Tony? — Our group. A．will clean B．cleans C．cleaned D．clean 2．We’re not sure _______ there’ll be _______ or not tomorrow. A．if; rains B．if; rainy C．whether; raining D．whether; rain 3．— Look at my new watch. —Well, it’s so cool! When and where________you buy it? A．Do B．will C．did D．Are 4．Wang Wei often ________ TV on Sunday evenings, but now he is _______ stories. A．watches; reading B．watching; reads C．looks; reading D．watches; looking 5．My mother _____ dinner when I got home yesterday. A．has cooked B．was cooking C．will cook D．cooks 6．It’s 4:00 p.m. The students _____ in the pool. A．swim B．swam C．swims D．are swimming 7．My mother will be very angry with me when she out where I have been. A．finds B．found C．will find D．has found 8．Which of the following sentences is correct? A．He came in and sat down. B．We all like
(完整版)中考英语常用动词短语(超全)
look短语look for寻找；look after照顾；look over查看；look forward to渴望，向往，to为介词，后接名词、代词、动名词作宾语；look at看着；look up抬头看，在…查找；look up to尊敬；look down upon瞧不起；look like看起来像；look as if/though看起来好像；look through透过……看,翻阅，浏览；look into调查；look out当心；look out of往…外看look about [around]环顾四周look back 回顾，回想look on旁观, 看作，当作(与as 连用) put短语put off推迟，put on穿上；上演；put away把…暂时收起来，储存……备用；put up举起，建造，张贴；put out扑灭；put down写下；放下；put aside把…搁在一边；put back放回put…into把…放入put one’s heart into全神贯注 turn短语turn down把音量开小一点;拒绝；turn up把音量开大一点;出现；turn round/around回头；turn over 翻开;翻转；turn to朝向;变成;求助于；turn…into…把…变成…；turn into变成；turn out结果证明是；turn away 把脸转过去turn to sb转向某人turn out结果是turn on 打开(电灯等) turn off 关(电灯等) turn over （使）翻过来turn against背叛turn back折回，往回走turn around旋转，转过身来 call短语call at拜访，后接地点；call on拜访，后接被拜访的对象；号召；call back回电话；call in 叫来；call up打电话，使回忆起；call for叫某人同往某处，要求；call off取消 be短语be friendly/kind to对…友好；be fed up with对…厌烦；be different from与…不同；be afraid of害怕；be popular with受…欢迎；be fond of喜欢，爱好；be interested in对…感兴趣；be surprised at对…惊讶；be satisfied/content/pleased with对…满意；be proud of对…感到自豪；be strict with对某人严格；be strict in 对某事严格；be good to对…有好处；be good at擅长于…；be sure of/about对…有把握；be divided into被分成；be made up of由…构成；be angry with对某人生气；be busy with忙于；be full of/filled with装满了；be late for…迟到；be covered with覆盖着；be familiar with对…熟悉；be familiar to对某人来说是熟悉的；be famous/known for因…著名；be famous/known as作为…有名 get短语get on/along (well) with与某人相处（融洽），在…进展（顺利）；get up起床；get on上车（船、飞机、马）；get off下车（船、飞机、马）；get back回去；get back to回到；get away离开，逃脱；get down 下来；get home到家；get into进入，陷入；get out (of) (从…)出去；get to到达get together聚会；get in收割get through通过，度过，完成get hold of获得，取得get over越过，恢复，克服get ready for为…作准备get up起床get used to习惯于
初中英语语法知识—情态动词的全集汇编及答案(3)
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最新中考英语短语动词基础练习题 一、短语动词 1．—Why did you come late again? —Because my alarm clock didn't _______ this morning. A. go off B. go out C. go away D. go over 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】考查动词词组的辨析。go off“发出响声”；go out“出去”；go away“离开”；go over“检查”。答语句意为“因为今天早上我的闹钟没响。”故选A。 2．— Do you think my classmates will laugh at me? — Maybe. But I think you are right. A. go out with B. make friends with C. make jokes about 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：——你觉得我的同学们在嘲笑我吗？——也许是，但是我觉得你是对的。laugh at嘲笑；go out with和……出去；与……约会；make friends with与……交朋友；make jokes about开……的玩笑。故选C。 【点评】考查动词短语辨析。 3．In fact, many countries have _____ some effective （有效的）policies to control the population. A. carry out B. taken out C. carried out D. thought out 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：实际上，许多国家已经采取了有效政策控制人口。carry out实施；施行。take out取出；think out想出。根据have可知用过去分词，故选C。 【点评】考查动词短语。 4．— Excuse me, may I take a seat here? — Of course. A. sit B. sleep C. smoke 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：——打扰一下，我可以坐这儿吗？——当然。take a seat坐下，sit
初中英语语法情态动词用法大全
情态动词 有can (could), may (might), must, have to, shall (should, will (would), dare (dared), need (needed), ought to等。情态动词无人称和数的变化；不能单独使用，必须与其后的动词原形构成谓语。 情态动词 句和疑问句中表示请求，允许，意为“能够” could 是can 的过去式，意为“能、会”，表示过去的水平在疑问句中表示委婉请求 may 表示请求、许可，意为“能够”表示推测，常用于肯定句中，意为“可能、也许” might 是may的过去式,表推测，常用于肯定句中，意为“可能、也许”must 表示主观看法，意为“必须、应该”表有把握的推测，用语肯定句dare 表示敢于，主要用于否定句和疑问句中 should 意为“应该”，表示要求和命令表示劝告、建议 had better 意为“最好”，表示建议 used to意为“过去常常，表示过去的动作、行为 考点一情态动词知识清单 情态动词有具体的词义，但也同助动词一样，需要与其他词语一起构成句子的谓语，另外情态动词没哟人称和数的变化，情态动词后必须跟动词原形。 1. can 的用法 （1）表示水平、许可、可能性。表示水平时一般译为“能、会”，即有种水平，尤其是生来具备的水平，此时may 和must 均不可代替它。（2）表示可能、能够。如：I can finish it in an hour. （3）表示许可，常在口语中。如：You can use my dictionary. （4）表示推测，意为“可能”，常用于否定句和疑问句中，此时can’t 译为“不可能”。 2.could的用法 （1）can的过去式，意为“能、会”，表示过去的水平。 （2）could 在疑问句中，表示委婉的语气，此时没有过去式的意思。 3.may的用法 （1）表示请求、许可，比can 正式， （2）表示推测，谈论可能性，意为“可能，或许”，一般用于肯定句中。 （3）may的过去式为might ，表示推测时。可能性低于may 。 4. must的用法 （1）must 表示主观看法，意为“必须、一定”。 （2）其否定形式mustn’t表示“一定不要”“千万别”“禁止, 不许”.（3）对must引导的疑问句，肯定回答为must，否定回答为needn’t或don’t have to . （4）must 表示有把握的推测，用于肯定句。当must 表示肯定的判断、推测时，其反意疑问句要用实际问句的助动词来构成。 She must have finished writing, hasn’t she? 5. need的用法 （1）need 表示需要、必须，主要用于否定句和疑问句中，其否定形式为needn’t，意为“没有必要，不必”。用need 提问时，肯定回答为must，否定回答为needn’t。如：----Need I stay here any longer? ----Yes, you must .-----No. you needn’t . (2) need 还能够作实义动词，此时有人称、数和时态的变化，后边多接动词不定式。 6. dare 的用法dare意为“敢、敢于”,用法近似于need，有两种词性： （1）dare 作为情态动词，多用于否定句、疑问句或条件句中，无第三人称单数形式，只有一般现在时和一般过去时。 （2）dare 作为实义动词，此时有人称、数即时态的变化。注意：在口语中，dare 的各种形式常与不带to 的不定式连用。Do you dare tell her what I said? 7. shall 的用法 （1）shall 表示征求对方意见（多用于第一、三人称）， Shall we go out for a walk? （2）表示决心、警告、命令（多用于第二、三人称）， No one shall bring your beepers or mobile phones in the exam. 8. should的用法 （1） should 意为“应该”，可表示劝告、建议、义务、责任等。We should protect the environment. （2） should (would)like to do sth. 表示“想要、愿意做某事”，常用于口语中。Would you like to go with me? 你想和我一起去吗？ （3）Should have done 表示对过去动作的责备、批评。 You should have finished your homework. 9. will 的用法 will表示意愿、意志、打算，可用于多种人称。 I will help you if I’m free this afternoon. 10. had better 的用法 had better 意为“最好”，没有人称的变化，后面接不带to 的不定式，其否定形式为：had better not。 We had better go now. You had better not give the book to him. 考点二含有情态动词的疑问句 1. 由can、may、must构成的疑问句 （1）句式：Can/ May/ Must…+ 主语+动词原形+….？如：Can you repair the car? Could he be a good student? May I borrow your ruler?Must we clean the room now? （2）对may 引出的问句，能够有下列回答方式：Yes, of course. Yes, certainly.Sure.No, you mustn’t.No, you can’t. （3）对must引出的疑问句，回答为：Yes, …must.No,…needn’t/don’t have to. 2. will，would，shall 的用法 （1）will 在一般疑问句中表示客气的“请求、劝说”。would 是will 的过去式，语气更加客气、委婉。Would you show me your picture book? Will you please give me a call? （2）对will/ would you…的回答方式有以下几种：Yes, I will. (No, I won’t.)Sure . (I’m sorry , I can’t.)All right.Certainly. (No, thank you .) Yes, please. （3）shall引出的疑问句用于第一人称，表示征求对方意见或客气的请求。其回答方式有以下几种：Yes, please.All right. No, thank you. 考点三不同情态动词的否定意义也不同 1. （1）can’t可译为“不会”，如：I can’t play basketball. 我不会打篮球。（2）当句子表推测时，用can’t表达不可能，He can’t be ill. He is playing chess with Tom.（3）can’t还可用来回答“ May I …?”这样的问句。May I come in ?No, you mustn’t. / can’t.（4）can’t还可用于固定习语中。She can’t help crying. 2.may 的否定式为may not ，译成“可能不”，He may not be at home. 3.（1）mustn’t表示不许，不可。He mustn’t leave his room.