图表作文句型

一图表作文和一般作文每多大的区别,只是把问题和现象用图表反映出来.要求你把图表看懂,并用文字叙述出来. 1. 熟悉各种图表的特点(line graph曲线图表示一种食物的上升或下降, bar chart比较不同事物在同一时期的上升或下降, pie chart表示各种事物所占的比例, table表示多种事物相互之间的关系)

图表作文不是简单的图表描写，要抓住图表所反映的问题讨论。

1. 借助于图表和指示里的要求

2. 看图表中哪些数字的前后变化最大。

3. 现把数据所反映的问题用一句话说出来

4. 把数据看成是说明问题的具体材料。

图表题文章写作逻辑结构：

Paragraph I:（1）描述图表：趋势描写；（2）描述图表：必要数据支持（细节性）。

Paragraph II:（1）提出自己理由和观点；（2）细节性分论点（支持自己观点）。

Paragraph III:（1）预测未来和提出解决方法；（2）总结全文和表达作者自己观点。

Example1 Changes in People's Diet

Directions: Write a three-paragraph composition to: 1. State the changes in people's diet in the past five years. 2. Give

Changes in People's Diet

As can be seen from the table, great changes have been taking place in people's diet in the past five years. Grain, as the main food of most Chinese, is now playing a less important role, while the proportion of some high-energy foods, such as milk and meat, has increased.

What has caused these changes? I think there are two reasons. First, people now have more money. The price of meat and milk is much higher than that of grain, so in the old days people couldn't afford them. Now they have enough money to buy both meat and milk. Second, people nowadays pay more attention to the elements of their diet. They look for a well-balanced diet that will be good for their health.

In short, there have been changes in people's diet in the past five years because of financial and health reasons, and there will be further changes in the future.

Example 2 Population of a Small Island State Directions: Write a composition based on the following graph. The composition should be entitled "Population of a Small Island State."

From the diagram, we can see that between 1900 and 1950, there were great changes in Population of a Small Island States. The population of the state remained a little less than 200,000. Since 1951 it has been increasing rapidly. In the past four decades, the population has gone up by over three times.

There are several reasons for the increase. Firstly, the open policy being carried out in the state has enabled many foreign labourers to work there. Secondly, the beautiful scenery of the small island has attracted many tourists and some

of them have been permitted to settle there. In addition, the government may not have realized the necessity of controlling population.

If this trend continues, it is no doubt that the small state will suffer from various kinds of problems caused by overpopulation, such as lack of land resources, food shortage and traffic congestion. Therefore, actions should be taken to control the increase of the population.

Example 3 Changes in College Students' Ways of Spending Summer Vacation

(1) state the changes briefly (2) give possible reasons for the changes(3) predict the trend of changes

From the two charts, we can see that in the past ten years the number of students who go travelling or do social investigation during summer vacation has increased greatly while that of those who stay at home has decreased a lot.

There are several reasons for the changes. Firstly, with the development of economy, many people have become rich. Students can get financial support from their parents for travelling. Secondly, tourism has greatly developed over the past ten years. Many new scenic spots have been built. In addition, the open policy has brought in from some other countries some harmful ideas on politics and thus aroused among college students some false opinions about China, so the government has been encouraging college students to do investigations on the rapid development in both urban and rural areas.

From the changes in the charts, we can predict that more and more college students will make their summer vacation interesting and meaningful by going to the outside world instead of staying at home.

Example 4 Student use of computer (写第一段)

1 According to the bar chart, there were great changes in the time students spend on computers in the past ten years. The time increased dramatically from

2 hours in 1990 to 4 in 1995 and then to 18 in 2000.// The figure increased twice in 1995 and nine times in 2000 compared with that in 1990.// In 1990, average students spent about 2 hours,while in 1995 the figures doubled; five years later, they spent nine times as much as time as that in 1990.

图表作文句型:

1 In 1999, it increased/rose/jumped/shot up from 5to 10 percent of the total/to 15 percent/ by 15 percent

2 By comparison with 1999, it decreased/dropped/fell ….

3 The figure/percentage/number/population has nearly/almost/more than doubled/tripled, compared with/as compared with/as against that of last year

4 It has dropped/increased about two and a half times/twice/six times, …

5 The number is twice/4 times/half as much as that of 1999.

常用词：

上升：increase，rise, ascend, soar, climb, go up, grow

下降：decrease, fall, descend, go down, decline, drop

程度副词：slightly, slowly, at a slow pace/rate, steadily, gradually (表示增加幅度不大)

Sharply, considerably, greatly, dramatically, steeply, substantially, surprisingly, alarmingly, rapidly, significantly, enormously, hugely, incredibly, by a large margin 增加幅度很大

起伏 1.…to go up and down/ wave/ fluctuate/ be unstable/ be in flexible …起伏不定

eg. The strike rate went up and down during the period from 1952 to 1967.

2.There be ups and downs …有起有伏eg. Between 1972 and 1979, there were several ups and downs in (某方面).

稳定 1.…to remain steady/level/unchanged …保持稳定，几乎不变

eg. The rate of …remained steady (fairly level/almost unchanged) during the four years from 1963 to 1967.

2.…to level off (vi.) eg. After a steady decline for a w hole decade, the …rate shows signs of leveling off.

成正比，反比1.…be in direct /(inverse) ratio(proportion) to/with 与…成正比/反比

eg. Male illustrations are in direct ratio to /with the advancement of grades, while female illustrations are in inverse ratio. 占百分之几，几分之几

1….to form/comprise/make up/constitute/ account for ….percent …占百分之…

eg. Women comprise more than 50% of the US.population.

eg. Females make up only 24% of the illustrations whereas males constitute 76%.

2.…to form/comprise/constitute a half/third/fourth of……占…的1/2,1/3,1/4

eg. Female illustrions form less than a fourth of the total.

3.…account for…percent 占百分之几eg. ……, accounting for approximately 20 percent of…

倍数 1.A be …times as much/many(adj) as B eg. The annual rainfall of Hunan is 5 time s as much as that of Sichuan.

2.A doubles/is half/triples B A是B的两倍，一半，三倍

eg. The annual rainfall of Jidda doubles that of Janta, but is only half the amount of rain Kuwait receives each year.

引用数据常用句型

the table/bar chart/pie/figures/statistics/

2．According to the table, there were great changes in …..

3. There was an increase/ a decrease from ….to…

4. The figure has nearly doubled, compared with that of last year.

5. It increased almost two and a half times, compared with….

6. It account for …..percentage of the total.

7.It has increased by three times as compared with that of ……同……相比，增长了3倍。

8.There are a lot of similarities/differences between…and …与..之间有许多相似（不同）之处

9.A has the highest sales figure in the three departments, followed by B and C.

10.The rise lasted for two weeks and then began to level off 平稳in August.

11.from this year on, there was a gradual declined reduction in the……, reaching a figure of……

12.The table shows the changes in the number of……over the period from……to……

13) The picture shows…14) The diagram represents/ indicates…15) The information represented in the graph indicates…16) As can be seen from the chart, …17) As is shown in the bar graph, there were…18) From the diagram it can be seen clearly that…19) From these f igures one can easily see that…20) According to the graph given above, we can see that…21) There was a great/slight increase/rise. 22）There has been a sudden/slow/rapid fall/drop…23) Take the above chart as an example

二写作常用句型

表原因

1. A number of factors are accountable for this situation.

2. A large number of factors might contribute to/lead to/account for/the issue.

3.This answer to this question involves many factors.

4.The factors that contribute to this situation include …

5.One of the most common factors is that…another contributing factor is that…perhaps the primary factor is that …

举例 1. A good case in point is that… 2 As an illustration, we may take … as an example 3.…is often cited as an example. 熟练掌握以下连接词与连接语1.表明事件发生的时间顺序：then, first, at once, next, after that, previously, while, when, the following day, etc. 2.表明文章的组织结构: 1)Listing列举: firstly, in the first place, secondly, thirdly, my next point is, last/finally, etc. 2)Illustrating举例: for example/ for instance, to illustrate, an example/ instance of this is, let’s take….., take…. for example, etc. 3)Re-stating重复说明: in other words, that is to say, to put it another way, let me put it this way, or rather, namely, etc. 4)Summarizing总结: to sum up, in short, it amounts to this, what I have been saying is this, etc. 7)Emphasizing强调: it is worth noting, I would like to direct your attention to, let us consider, we must now turn to, I shall begin by, etc.

3.表明作者的观点、态度1)Introducing( or emphasizing) further ev idence进一步说明: moreover, furthermore, in addition, what’s more, as well, etc. 2)Cause原因: because (of), since, owing to, on account of, due to, as a result of, etc. 3)Effect结果: as a result, hence, therefore, consequently, thus, so, etc. 4)Contrasting比较: in / by contrast, on the contrary, on the other hand, nevertheless, whereas, while, yet, however, but, etc. 5)Comparison 对照: in like manner, likewise, in the same way, similarly, in comparison with, etc. 6)Purpose目的: to this end, for this purpose, with this in mind, in order to, so that, etc. 7)Intensification : indeed, in fact, in any event / case, at no time, to tell the truth, etc

三起承转合连接词和连接句(再简单的分层次，也要用过渡词语，增加语言亮点)

起：启动观点引出话题

单词：first, firstly, now, recently, lately, nowadays, currently

短语：at first, first of all, in the first place, first and foremost, in the beginning, to begin with, at present, for one thing, on the one hand, generally speaking

句型: nowadays, there is a growing c oncern over the issue of …

Recently, the issue of …has been brought to public attention.

When it comes to… people’s notions may vary from one to another.

When asked about…, different people will hold different opinions.

With the development of …, the problems of… has become increasingly serious.

Nowadays …plays an increasingly important role in our everyday life.

承：承上启下

单词：second, secondly, next, besides, furthermore, moreover, likewise, similarly

短语：in the second place, in addition, for another, on the ot her hand, what’s more, for example, for instance, in the same manner, in particular, more importantly, for this purpose, for this reason, to be specific, to be honest, equally importantly, as a matter of fact, in other words

句型：to understand the point of …, it is necessary to discuss/analyze…

A close study of …will probably make this point clear.

Some people hole the view that …while other people argue that ,,,

转：语义转折，反面论述

单词：but however, nevertheless, while, whereas, unlike, conversely, otherwise, despite, though

短语：on the contrary, in spite of, instead of, by contrast

句型：Rather than….

Some other people have expressed opposite opinion.

合：合并总结，归纳全文

单词：finally, last, lastly, hence, therefore, consequently, obviously, accordingly

短语：in short, in brief, in a word, to sum up, briefly speaking, on the whole, in general, generally speaking, in summary, in conclusion, as a consequence, in my opinion, as far as I am concerned…

句型：on the basis of analyses above, we may confidently come to a conclusion that…

All th e evidence supports a sound conclusion that…

From what has been discussed above, we may safely concluded that …

Judging from all the evidence offered we may arrive at a conclusion that...

There is certain truth is both arguments, but I believe the advanta ges of …outweigh its disadvantages.

It is high time we try every means to put an end to …

It is obvious that effective measures must be immediately taken to solve the problem.

四句式变换

1. 适当用被动代替主动，这样能更客观的反映事实,句子开头不要总是用we / I (比如写结尾时不用we should pay attention to而用Attention should be paid to. ) 2004年六月六级作文的最后一段：It is, therefore, high time that some applicable approaches were implemented by the service industry like that. Thus，its competitive edge will be sharpened effectively.

2. 善于使用插入语，比如说把副词、连接词等，作插入语放在中间，一般放在主语、动词或者助动词后，两边分别加上逗号。如however / therefore /for example/I believe做插入语放在中间，一般放在动词，助动词后，两边分别加上逗号。比如说：Other individuals, however, take the attitude that…

3.一定要学会换词，换形象，具体的代替太宽泛的。(考试中一般不要出现good, bad , many, thing, think, people, opinion等等)比如上面例子中，applicable代替proper; approaches代替ways; implement代替carry out; sharpen one's competitive edge代替enhance one's competitiveness(提高某物竞争力)

4. 单词要有难度，尽量把简单的替换为复杂的书面语如：main—primary, essential, crucial, indispensable, fundamental

5. 短语和词组也是写作的亮点，使作文有书面语味道6特殊难句倒装句/强调句/虚拟句