九年级上册英语试卷英语阅读理解题分类汇编含解析

一、中考英语阅读理解汇编

1．阅读短文，判断正误。

People send birthday greetings by using cards in both eastern and western countries. It is not known when and where exactly the tradition of sending birthday cards began. It is believed that it began in England in the early nineteenth century. In those days people sent birthday cards when they couldn't wish somebody a happy birthday in person.

In 1840 the first stamp was used in Britain and sending birthday cards became easier, cheaper and more popular. The development of color printing processes （工艺流程） in the 1930s also helped to increase sales of birthday cards.

Today cards are often given with a present, even when people can express their wishes face to face. In recent times e-cards have also become popular. Many people are starting to use e-cards instead of traditional cards because they are free, environmentally friendly and easy to arrive. So will e-cards take place of paper cards completely in ten or twenty years? Probably not. For example, for kids and old people, they don't use e-cads very often.

If our birthday is coming soon, do you wish that at least one person could congratulate you with a beautiful card then?

（1）People send birthday cards in different counties.

（2）The tradition of sending birthday cards began in France in the early 18th century.

（3）Sending birthday cards became more popular after the stamps were used.

（4）We are sure that e-cards will take paper cards' place completely in twenty years.

（5）Kids and old people often use e-cards.

【答案】（1）1

（2）0

（3）1

（4）0

（5）0

【解析】【分析】大意：不同的国家的人们通过送生日卡片来向表达生日问候，送生日卡片始于19世纪英国。

（1）句意：不同国家的人们送生日卡片。根据 People send birthday greetings by using cards in both eastern and western countries.可知，中西方国家的人们都通过使用卡片来表达生日问候，故答案为正确。

（2）句意：送生日卡的传统始于18世纪法国。根据 It is believed that it began in England in the early nineteenth century. 可知，人们认为送生日卡片始于19世纪英国，故答案为错误。（3）句意：送生日卡片在开始使用邮票后变得更流行。根据In 1840 the first stamp was used in Britain and sending birthday cards became easier, cheaper and more popular.可知，邮票开始使用后，送生日卡片变得更容易，更便宜，更流行，故答案为正确。

（4）句意：在20年后我们确定电子卡片将完全取代纸张卡片。根据So will e-cards take place of paper cards completely in ten or twenty years? Probably not.可知，10年或20年后电

子卡片可能不会完全取代纸张卡片，故答案为错误。

（5）句意：孩子和老人经常使用电子卡片。根据 they don't use e-cads very often. 可知，他们不会经常使用电子卡片，故答案为错误。

【点评】考查阅读理解。浏览文章大意，根据问题在文章中找到原句判断对错。

2．阅读理解

The engine of a giant ship broke down, so the ship lost its power. The owner of the ship was very worried. The owner of the ship was very worried. He sent for one expert after another, but none of them could figure out （弄清楚） how to fix the engine. Then an old man who had been fixing ships since he was young was brought in.

The old man carried a large bag of tools with him. When he arrived, he went to work immediately. He examined the engine very carefully, from top to bottom. The owner of the ship stood there, watching the old man's every move. After looking things over, the old man reached into his bag and pulled out a small hammer （锤子）. He tapped （敲打） something gently. The engine started back up at once. He then put his hammer away carefully. The engine was fixed A week later, the owner of the ship received a bill from the old man for $ 10,000.

So he wrote the old man a note saying, Please send me an itemized （逐条记录的） bill.

The man sent a bill that read:

Tapping with a hammer -$2

Knowing where to tap -$9,998

Effort （努力）is important, but knowing where to put the effort in your life is more important.

（1）How did the owner of the ship feel when the engine broke down?

A. Excited

B. Worried

C. Tired

D. Interested

（2）After pulling out a small hammer, the old man .

A. looked things over rapidly

B. reached into his bag secretly

C. tapped something gently

D. put his hammer away carefully

（3）According to the itemized bill, knowing where to tap cost .

A. $10.000

B. $9,998

C. $9996

D. $2

（4）What's the main idea of the text?

A. Effort is very important when you are in trouble.

B. Fixing the engine of a giant ship costs too much.

C. Putting the effort in the right place is more important.

D. Losing the engine s power is the reason for asking for help.

【答案】（1）B

（2）C

（3）B

（4）C

【解析】【分析】主要讲了通过讲老人怎样修好引擎的故事告诉我们努力是很重要的，但知道把努力放在生活中的哪个地方更重要。

（1）细节题。根据The owner of the ship was very worried.可知船的主人是担心的，故选B。

（2）细节题。根据After looking things over, the old man reached into his bag and pulled out a small hammer （锤子）. He tapped （敲打） something gently.看完之后，老人把手伸进包里拿出一把小锤子。他轻轻地拍了一下东西。故选C。

（3）细节题。根据Knowing where to tap -$9,998可知知道敲哪里值$9,998，故选B。（4）主旨题。根据全文可知主要讲了通过讲老人怎样修好引擎的故事告诉我们努力是很重要的，但知道把努力放在生活中的哪个地方更重要。故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题和主旨题常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

3．阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，从所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

Li Shizhen（李时珍） was one of the most famous doctors in Chinese history. He was born in Qichun, Hubei in 1518.

Both of Li Shizhen's father and grandfather were doctors. Li Shizhen's grandfather was a country doctor who traveled in the countryside with a bag of herbs （药草） and medications and cured （治愈） people. His father was doctor who wrote several books.

Li Shizhen used to help his father in his medical practice when he was young. Li Shizhen's father wanted him to enter politics （从政）. Li Shizhen studied for the exams and passed the country-level examination, but he was never able to pass the imperial （帝国的） examination.

When he was 38, he cured the son of the Prince of Chu and was invited to be an official in that court （宫廷） A few years later, he became an official at the Imperial Medical Institute.

Even though he fulfilled his father's dream, he didn't want to continue working for the court.

One year later, he left the court and returned to be a doctor again.

Li Shizhen. was famous for his book, Compendium of Materia Medica《本草纲日》He spent 27 years writing the book. Unluckily, Li Shizhen died before the book was officially published. It is such a successful book. Now it is still one of the most important medical books in China.

（1）What was Li Shizhe' s grandfather?

A. An official.

B. A prince.

C. A country doctor.

D. A writer.（2）What did Li Shizhen's father want Li Shizhen to do?

A. To be a doctor.

B. To write a book.

C. To be a prince.

D. To enter politics.（3）When he was 38,Li Shizhen cured .

A. his grandfather

B. the son of the Prince of Chu

C. an official in that country

D. a famous doctor

（4）According to the passage, what was Li Shizhen famous for?

A. Working for the court.

B. The book, Compendium of Materia Medica.

C. His long traveling.

D. Curing a lot of people.

（5）What does the passage mainly talk about?

A. Li Shizhen's life.

B. Li Shizhen's grandfather's life.

C. Li Shizhen's father's life.

D. Li Shizhen's book.

【答案】（1）C

（2）D

（3）B

（4）B

（5）A

【解析】【分析】主要讲了李时珍的生平。

（1）细节题。根据Li Shizhen's grandfather was a country doctor，可知李时珍的爷爷是个乡村医生，故选C。

（2）细节题。根据Li Shizhen's father wanted him to enter politics （从政）.，可知李时珍的爸爸想让李时珍从政，故选D。

（3）细节题。根据When he was 38, he cured the son of the Prince of Chu，可知李时珍38岁时治愈了楚国的王子，故选B。

（4）细节题。根据Li Shizhen. was famous for his book, Compendium of Materia Medica ，《本草纲日》，可知李时珍因为他的书《本草纲目》出名，故选B。

（5）主旨题。根据全文可知主要讲了李时珍的生平，故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题和主旨题常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

4．阅读理解

Athletics vs. Gardening

The students of Southside School were asked to give their opinions about whether the school should run an athletic program or start a vegetable garden.

An athletic program is hatch better than gardening. How are we ever going to win anything at the Inter-School Athletics without proper training? At the moment, we only do athletics for one tam and the teachers train us. We need experts（专家）to teach us things like throwing and high jump.

I know lots of kids say they're not interested in competitions, but that's because they've never won anything. If they got better training and started winning things, they'd soon change their minds.

People always say kids don't get enough exercise. Just because you do gardening outdoors doesn't make it exercise, so I don't see how it matters.

Athletics is much better for fitness and lots of kids can have a go at the same time. I don't think there would be enough jobs for everyone in a garden.

In fact, I think a garden is a really bad idea. I don't know why we're even considering it.

Liz, Grade 8

I think a vegetable garden is a great idea. We already do hours of sport, including athletics. And not everyone likes sport.

Gardening is a great way to get exercise without worrying about whether you're any good at it, or whether you're going to win. And you really do gel exercise when you garden. There's digging, weeding and watering Even picking things can be hard work – pumpkins aren't light you know!

There are lots of kids around here who don't have gardens so they can't grow things even they want to. If you really want to do more sport, you can join a club.

And think about it: What helps you to be good at sport? You need to eat lots of fruit and vegetables. If we learn to cook all the things we grow, the garden will keep us all fit and healthy and then we'll be better at sport.

Sam, Grade 8

A. Kids should take exercise.

B. Kids should eat vegetables.

C. Kids should try to win more.

D. Kids should be outside more.

（2）What is one reason Liz gives for saying "a garden is a really bad idea"?

A. Some students don't like getting dirty.

B. Some students don't enjoy being outside.

C. Some students already know how to garden.

D. Some students may have no chance to garden.

（3）Why does Sam say, "And think about it.: what helps you to be good at sport?"

A. To change the subject.

B. To introduce his next reason.

C. To support Liz's idea.

D. To find an answer to the question.

【答案】（1）A

（2）D

（3）B

【解析】【分析】短文大意：这篇短文就学校应该经营体育项目还是开始蔬菜种植园进行讨论。

（1）细节理解题。根据 People always say kids don't get enough exercise. Just because you do gardening outdoors doesn't make it exercise, so I don't see how it matters. 和Gardening is a great way to get exercise without worrying about whether you're any good at it, or whether

you're going to win. 可知这两人都认为孩子们应该锻炼。故选A。

（2）细节理解题。根据 I don't think there would be enough jobs for everyone in a garden. 可知不是每个学生都有机会去花园。故选D。

（3）细节理解题。根据 If we learn to cook all the things we grow, the garden will keep us all fit and healthy and then we'll be better at sport. 可知这是阐述他的擅长运动的下一个理由。故选B。

【点评】此题考查阅读理解。先通读短文理解短文大意。然后进行审题，弄清题意。带着问题阅读短文，从短文的细节中找出和问题相关的语句，仔细分析推理，找出问题答案。

5．阅读理解

My teacher said to a student: "Give me your phone."

We all looked in surprise. Kyle, a student who I never saw text （发信息） in class, gave the teacher his phone.

When the teacher left, two students who I often saw text in class started boasting （吹牛）about how they sent text messages and never got caught.

"Kyle, you don't text in class that way!" one of them said. "I put my phone under my desk so it looks like I'm looking at my textbooks."

"Isn't it funny that we always text and never get caught, but the first time Kyle does it, he gets caught?" the other one laughed.

They must have thought they were smart, because they never got caught and Kyle did. But which situation is worse: getting caught, or getting away with it? Rules are there for a reason. These two students might not have got caught, but neither of them had good grades. They keep texting in class, not paying any attention. I think they will keep breaking the rules in the future.

People don't just break the law and get thrown into jail （监狱） right away. They take it one step at a time, starting with smaller rules. Kyle might have got caught, but at least he learned a good lesson. He will not break the rules in the future, so he will learn more in class and stay out of trouble. It's smarter not to break the rules.

（1）The teacher asked Kyle to give his phone because _________.

A. the teacher wanted to teach him how to text

B. he was playing with his phone in class

C. the students wanted to see Kyle's new phone

D. the teacher wanted to speak to Kyle's parents

（2）How did the two students feel about not being caught texting in class?

A. Upset.

B. Disappointed.

C. Proud.

D. Calm.

（3）What would the writer agree according to the story?

A. Kyle was a bad student.

B. Texting in class without being caught was easy.

C. Texting in class is not a big deal.

D. What the two students said and did were wrong.

【答案】（1）B

（2）C

（3）D

【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文作者通过一个学生Kyle第一次在课堂上发短息被老师抓住并被没收手机和两个经常在课桌底下发短信而没有被老师抓住，而他们觉得很有趣。但作者从更深处引发的思考：哪种情况更糟：被抓还是逃走？规则是有原因的。这两个学生可能没有被抓住，但他们都没有好成绩。他们在课堂上不停地发短信，一点也不注意。作者认为他们将来会继续违反规定。这样行为是错误的。所以告诫人们，最好不要违反规则。

（1）细节理解题。根据第二段Kyle, a student who I never saw text （发信息） in class, gave the teacher his phone.可知他在课堂上玩手机，故选B。

（2）推理判断题。根据第三段When the teacher left, two students who I often saw text in class started boasting （吹牛） about how they sent text messages and never got caught.可知他们会以此为骄傲，故选C。

（3）推理判断题。根据These two students might not have got caught, but neither of them had good grades. They keep texting in class, not paying any attention. I think they will keep breaking the rules in the future.可以推知他们的这种行为是错误的，故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解。要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案．推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。

6．阅读理解

One day an Australian farmer Joe saw a bright light in the sky. The light came nearer and nearer and suddenly Joe saw that it was a spaceship. The spaceship landed in a field quickly.

The door of the spaceship opened and two strange beings climbed out. Joe was afraid of them. He tried to run away. But the spacemen walked towards him, picked him up and carried him into the spaceship. They put wires from a machine onto his head and then they could speak to him in English.

They asked him questions about the Earth. "We're from Venus（金星）," they said, "but it is getting very hot there. A lot of our people are dying and we haven't much time left. We are trying to find a new home."

After some time they freed Joe and at last the spaceship took off and could not be seen.

Joe told his friends about the spacemen, but no one believed his story." You'll believe me one day, "Joe told them." The spacemen will come back..."

（1）The bright light in the sky was .

A. the sun

B. a spaceship

C. a shining bird

D. Venus

（2）The strange beings came to the Earth to .

A. visit Joe

B. catch Joe

C. find a new home

D. live with Joe

（3）Joe was the spaceship.

A. carried into

B. asked into

C. not afraid of

D. happy to get into

（4）The strange beings before they let him go.

A. had asked Joe several questions

B. had given Joe some wires

C. had asked Joe to mend their machine

D. had given Joe a lot of money

（5）People didn't believe Joe because .

A. he told a lie

B. they didn't welcome the strange beings

C. they wanted to see the strange beings very much

D. they hadn't seen the strange beings before

【答案】（1）B

（2）C

（3）A

（4）A

（5）D

【解析】【分析】主要讲了澳大利亚农民Joe告诉朋友们他看见了太空人。

（1）细节题。根据suddenly Joe saw that it was a spaceship.可知是太空飞船，故选B。（2）细节题。根据We are trying to find a new home.可知奇怪的人努力找到一个新家，故选C。

（3）细节题。根据But the spacemen walked towards him, picked him up and carried him into the spaceship.可知Joe被太空人带到太空飞船里，故选A。

（4）细节题。根据They asked him questions about the Earth.可知怪人问了Joe几个问题，故选A。

（5）细节题。根据Joe told his friends about the spacemen, but no one believed his story." You'll believe me one day, "Joe told them." The spacemen will come back..."可知Joe的朋友不相信的原因是他们没有见过太空人，故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解，主要细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。

7．阅读理解

Schools in the UK are cutting time spent on PE lessons because of exam pressures. Secondary school teachers said that older teenagers were especially likely to miss out, because the time spent on physical education for 14-16 -year-olds had fallen in the past five years.

Teachers said that increased pressure to produce exam results was leading to children being pulled out of PE lessons. One in three said exam pressures were behind the decline, and they said subjects such as English and Maths had been given more time at the cost of PE.

Almost all of the teachers from the 487 schools said PE should be more valued for its advantages to young people. Mental health experts also warned that cutting down on exercise could increase children's mental health problems. Cal Strode, spokesman for the Mental Health Foundation, said cutting PE time would be "short-sighted and dangerous". He said, "It is worrying to hear that PE is being cut at a time when students are facing problems with stress and anxiety

in increasing numbers. There's a close relationship between mental and physical health."

Tom Madders, director of campaigns at charity Young Minds, said, "Schools' cutting down on physical education because of exam pressures is worrying. Schools that value health also do better in study, so it makes sense to keep good health, rather than putting children under more pressure."

Rising exam stress has been raised as a problem by experts who warn that children are under greater pressure because of a competitive jobs market. Ali Oliver, an expert, said, "The PE is good for physical and mental health. So cutting down physical education time is depriving young people of these advantages at a time when they need them most."

（1）What do we know about the text?

A. Schools that value health do worse in study.

B. Good physical health is good for mental health.

C. Many teachers don't realize the importance of PE

D. Children in the UK have serious mental problems.

（2）_______ said that Cutting PE time would be "short-sighted and dangerous".

A. The teachers in the UK.

B. Tom Madders

C. Cal Strode

D. Ali Oliver （3）According to the text, the exam pressure is from ______.

A. future work

B. poor mental health

C. parents' expectations

D. schools' requirements

（4）Which of the following can be the best title for the text?

A. The importance of physical education

B. Teachers' support of getting more PE time

C. The serious problems of education in the UK

D. Schools' cutting down PE time for exam pressure

【答案】（1）B

（2）C

（3）A

（4）D

【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍了学校因为考试的压力减少体育课的时间，以及减少体育课带来的问题。

（1）细节题。根据Mental health experts also warned that cutting down on exercise could increase children's mental health problems There's a close relationship between mental and physical health." 可知身体健康对心理健康有好处。故选B。

（2）细节题。根据 Cal Strode, spokesman for the Mental Health Foundation, said cutting PE time would be "short-sighted and dangerous".可知，故选C。

（3）细节题。根据 Rising exam stress has been raised as a problem by experts who warn that children are under greater pressure because of a competitive jobs market.可知考试的压力是来自于竞争激烈的就业市场，故选A。

（4）主旨题。根据文章内容，本文主要介绍了学校因为考试的压力减少体育课的时间，

以及减少体育课带来的问题。故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解。细节题和主旨题都是常考题型。细节题要注意细节从文中找答案；主旨题需要通读全文了解大意之后找出中心思想。

8．阅读理解

Our monthly talks start at 19: 30 on the first Thursday of each month except August. Admission is at normal charges and you don't need to book. They end around 21: 00.

November 7th The Canal（运河）Pioneers（先驱者）, by Chris Lewis. James Brindley is recognized as one of the leading early canal engineers. He was also a major player in training others in the art of canal planning and building. Chris Lewis will explain how Brindley made such a positive contribution to the education of that group of early "civil engineers".

December 5th Ice for the Metropolis, by Malcolm Tucker. Well before the arrival of freezers, there was a demand for ice for food preservation and catering.

Malcolm will explain the history of importing natural ice and the technology of building ice wells, and how London's ice trade grew.

February 6th An Update on the Cotswold Canals, by Liz Payne. The Stroud water Canal is moving towards reopening. The Thames and Severn Canal will take a little longer. We will have a report on the present state of play.

March 6th Eyots and Aits---Thames Istands, by Miranda Vickers. The Thames had many islands. Miranda has undertaken a review of all of them. She will tell us about those of greatest interest. （1）When is the talk on James Brindley?

A. On February 6th.

B. On March 6th.

C. On November 7th.

D. On December 5th.（2）What is the topic of the talk in February?

A. The Canal Pioneers.

B. Ice for the Metropolis.

C. Eyous and Aits -Thames Istands.

D. An Update on the Cotswold Canals.

（3）Who will give the talk on the islands in the Thames?

A. Miranda Vickers.

B. Malcolm Tucker.

C. Chris Lewis.

D. Liz Payne.

【答案】（1）C

（2）D

（3）A

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了博物馆每个月的讲座安排。

（1）细节题。根据11月7日运河（运河）先锋（先驱者），作者克里斯·刘易斯。詹姆斯·布林德利是公认的早期运河工程师之一可知，11月7日是关于James Brindley的讲座，故选C。

（2）细节题。根据 February 6th An Update on the Cotswold Canals, by Liz Payne. The Stroud water Canal is moving towards reopening. The Thames and Severn Canal will take a little longer. We will have a report on the present state of play 2月6日利兹·佩恩报道科茨沃尔德运河的最新情况。斯特劳德运河正朝着重新开放的方向发展。泰晤士河和塞文运河将需要一点时间。我们将有一份关于比赛现状的报告，可知二月份谈话的主题是科茨沃尔德运河的最新消息，故选D。

（3）细节题。根据March 6th Eyots and Aits---Thames Istands, by Miranda Vickers可知Miranda Vickers 将在泰晤士河中的岛屿上发表演讲，故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。

9．阅读理解

（1）What kind of the letter may the passage be?

A. An admission letter.

B. An apology letter.

C. A business letter.

D. A thank you letter.（2）How much should Zhang Wei pay in all to enter the university?

A. HK$ 55,935.

B. HK$ 55,810.

C. HK$ 55, 685.

D. HK$ 55,560.（3）If you were Zhang Wei, how would you feel at this letter?

A. Annoyed.

B. Excited.

C. Upset.

D. Anxious.

【答案】（1）A

（2）D

（3）B

【解析】【分析】句意：这是张伟的一张香港中文大学的录取通知书，其中涉及到专业，学习方式，学位以及费用。

（1）细节理解题。根据文中的语句The Chinese University of Hong kong Admission Notification提示可知，这是一张录取通知书，故选A。

（2）细节理解题。根据文中的语句HK$ 55,560.（for native students）以及Zhang Wei （Yuyao，Ningbo）提示可知，张伟的学费是HK$ 55,560，故选D。

（3）理解归纳题。这是一张香港中文大学的录取通知书，张伟收到以后，一定非常的激动，故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文主要考查细节理解题，首先仔细阅读文后的问题，弄清问题的大意；然后带着问题阅读短文，抓住关键信息，选择正确答案。

10．阅读理解

For thousands of years, humans have explored（探索）the Earth. Nowadays, we are exploring space. Astronomers （天文学家） are the modern﹣day explorers, Now, many astronomers are looking for new planets and new places for humans to live in the future. But where do astronomers start looking？

First of all, astronomers look for a star. That's because our own Earth moves around a star （the Sun）. More importantly, it is the correct distance（距离） from the Sun for heat and light. So when astronomers have found the star, they look at the planets around it. In recent years, astronomers have found nearly 400 new planets with stars. However, many of these planets are either too near to the star or too far away.

However, if the planet is in a good position, astronomers look for three key things: water, air and rock. Water is important because all life needs water. Humans can drink it and they can also grow plants with water. And plants produce air for humans to breathe and food to eat. Rock on a planet is also important. That's because there is often water under the rock.

After many years of scrutinizing, astronomers have found a planet that is similar to the Earth. It's Gliese 581g and it's near a star. The astronomers think it has water and rock and the average （平均的） temperature is between -31℃ and -12℃.That's cold, but not colder than Antarctica or the Arctic Circle, for example. Gliese 581g is bigger than the Earth. A year on Gliese 581g is only 37 Earth days instead of 365. But astronomers do not think these are big differences and some of them think Gliese 581g will be a new Earth. However, Gliese 58Ig is twenty light years from the Earth.

（1）What do astronomers have to find first before starting to look for a new place for humans to live？

A. new star.

B. A new planet.

C. Some heat.

D. Some light.

（2）What does the rock on a planet tell us？

A. The star is in a right position.

B. We may discover water under it.

C. The planet is too near to the Sun.

D. There can be air around the rock.

（3）What does the underlined word "scrutinizing" mean in the last paragraph？

A. discussing.

B. waiting.

C. looking.

D. traveling.

（4）What's the main idea of the text？

A. Gliese 581g is already a new Earth.

B. There are planets similar to our Earth.

C. Water, air and rock are important.

D. Astronomers are looking for a new Earth.

【答案】（1）A

（2）B

（3）C

（4）D

【解析】【分析】大意：本文讲述了天文学家寻找新的和地球一样的星球。

（1）细节理解题。根据First of all，astronomers look for a star.可知，首先，天文学家找一颗行星，故选A。

（2）细节理解题。根据Rock on a planet is also important.That's because there is often water under the rock.可知，星球上的岩石告诉我们在它下面可能有水，故选B。

（3）词义猜测题。根据上文Now，many astronomers are looking for new planets and new places for humans to live in the future.可知，现在，许多天文学家正在寻找新的星球和新的地方以供人类未来生活，判断本句句意为经过多年的观察（寻找），天文学家找到了一个与地球类似的星球，推出scrutinizing的意思为寻找，故选C。

（4）主旨大意题。根据Now，many astronomers are looking for new planets and new places for humans to live in the future. But where do astronomers start looking？现在，许多天文学家正在寻找新的星球和新的地方以供人类未来生活，但是从哪儿开始找呢？本文主要介绍了天文学家寻找新的星球供人类未来生活，即天文学家在寻找新的地球，故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解能力，细节题和主旨题是阅读理解题中常考题型。细节题要从文中寻找答案；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

11．阅读理解

Holland（荷兰）is the magical land of tulips（郁金香） and windmills（风车）. The tulips bloom（开花） from March until May. Holland is famous as the largest flower selling country in the world. The windmills, however, are important for the people of Holland.

Keukenhof

Keukenhof is the most famous and largest flower park in the world. Will you visit Holland in spring？Then be sure to visit Keukenhof, you will see the beautiful Holland tulips and other famous flowers in Holland.

Single Bloemenmarket

Rain or shine, this famous floating（漂浮的）flowers market in Amsterdam is filled with colorful fresh flowers from Monday to Sunday. Though the best months are in March, April or

May, the floating flowers market is a great place to find tulips at any time of the year.

Schiedam

Schiedam is the best choice if you want to see the largest windmills in the world. With heights up to 33 meters, they are hard to miss.

Zaanse Schans

Zannse Schans is also a good place you should visit. About 250 years ago, over 600 windmills formed the first industrial area in the world. It produces paint, paper and so on. Today it's an open﹣air conservation area（自然保护区） and museum, which interests thousands of visitors each year.

（1）Holland is selling country in the world.

A. the largest flower

B. the largest windmills

C. the smallest flower

D. the smallest windmills

（2）If you visit Keukenhof in spring, you can enjoy .

A. tulips and other flowers

B. tulips and some windmills

C. different kinds of plants

D. plants and some windmills

（3）You can see tulips in the floating flower market.

A. every month except March

B. at any time of the year

C. only in March, April or May

D. from Monday to Saturday

（4）The largest windmills in the world lie in .

A. Amsterdam

B. Zaanse Schans

C. Schiedam

D. Keukenhof

（5）From the last paragraph, we know Zaanse Schans .

A. has few visitors each year

B. is an animal conservation area

C. doesn't have any windmills

D. is a good place to see windmills

【答案】（1）A

（2）A

（3）B

（4）C

（5）D

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了荷兰的几个看郁金香和风车的地方。

（1）细节理解题，根据原文Holland is famous as the largest flower selling country in the world荷兰是作为世界上最大的售花国家而出名，故选A。

（2）细节理解题，根据原文，Will you visit Holland in spring？Then be sure to visit Keukenhof， you will see the beautiful Holland tulips and other famous flowers in Holland. 你会春天去荷兰吗？那么一定要去 Keukenhof，你将会看到很漂亮的荷兰郁金香和其他出名的花朵，故选A。

（3）细节理解题，根据原文， the floating flowed market is a great place to find tulips at any

time of the year. 这个漂浮的花朵市场是全年都可以找到郁金香的好地方，故选B。

（4）细节理解题，根据原文，Schiedam is the best choice if you want to see the largest windmills in the world. 如果你想去看世界上最大的风车，Schiedam是最好的选择，故选C。

（5）推理题，根据原文，Zannse Schans is also a good place you should visit. About 250 years ago， over 600 windmills formed the first industrial area in the world，Zannse Schans也是你可以去玩的好地方，大约在250年前，超过600种风车促成了世界上的第一次工业领域，可知Zannse Schans 也是去看风车的好去处，故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。

12．阅读材料，然后从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。

Mark Zuckerberg, who starts the social network Facebook, often wears jeans and a T-shirt to work, including to important business meetings. Not everyone agrees with him. Some people say he doesn't look serious this way.

Harvard Business School researcher, Francesca Gino, has a different idea. While most people seem to think that dressing differently from those around you generally has a bad influence, she believes it can actually have a positive （积极的）effect. And she's done experiments to support her idea. When her researchers, wearing sportswear, visited the expensive shops in Italy, they were usually viewed as wealthier and more important people than those who were well-dressed in designer clothes.

Do people always view less formal （正式的） clothing more positively? Researchers in France took their research out into the street, to the general public. The video they made shows an actor dressed in a well-cut suit and shiny shoes. While walking along the road, he begins to cough badly, stops to catch his breath and falls down. Before he even calls for help, people rush to help him. In another video, the actor appears at the same crowded place and repeats the actions in exactly the same way. But this time, no one comes to help. What's the difference? He's wearing untidy clothes and looks like a homeless person. In a situation like this, the clothes you're wearing could mean the difference between life and death.

It seems that our clothing doesn't only change the way others view us, but also the way we see ourselves. In an experiment testing students' ability to pay attention to details （细节）, the group wearing white lab coats did the best. Why? Researchers told them that they were wearing the doctors' coats. The experiment didn't show whether such influences would last long. More experiments are needed in the future before we decide to make the doctors' coats a must of fashion.

（1）Mark Zuckerberg is not considered serious by some people because ________.

A. he does not listen to others' advice

B. he sets up a network of video games

C. he wears jeans and a T-shirt to work

D. he often plays jokes at business meetings

（2）Which of the following is Gino's opinion according to Paragraph 2?

A. It is necessary to buy expensive clothes.

B. Wearing less formal clothes is in fact good.

C. It is bad to dress differently from people around you.

D. Wearing sports clothes makes you look less important.

（3）In Paragraph 3, the writer proves （证明） his （her） opinion mainly.

A. by giving reasons

B. by using pictures

C. by comparing facts

D. by listing numbers

（4）What can we learn from the passage?

A. What we wear makes a difference.

B. Formal clothing makes a wise man.

C. Our value depends on what we wear.

D. Our clothing influences our characters.

【答案】（1）C

（2）B

（3）C

（4）A

【解析】【分析】文章大意：介绍了衣着对人们的影响。我们的衣着不仅改变了别人对我们的看法，而且也改变了我们对自己的看法。

（1）细节理解题。根据文中的语句Mark Zuckerberg, who starts the social network Facebook, often wears jeans and a T-shirt to work, including to important business meetings. Not everyone agrees with him. Some people say he doesn't look serious this way.理解可知，Mark穿着牛仔裤与T恤衫参加正式会议，有些人认为他不严肃，故选C。

（2）细节理解题。根据文中的语句When her researchers, wearing sportswear, visited the expensive shops in Italy, they were usually viewed as wealthier and more important people than those who were well-dressed in designer clothes.理解可知，穿着非正式服装其实挺好的，故选B。

（3）理解归纳题。通读第三段我们可以看出，作者通过两个实例来证明人们不一定总是积极地看待不太正式的服装，人们有时还是以“貌”取人，故选C。

（4）理解归纳题。通读全文可知，人们的穿着可以对自己或他人产生很大的影响，故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文考查细节题和主旨题等常考题型，细节题要注意从文中抓住关键词寻找答案；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出主题句。

13．阅读理解

In the universe, as we know, there is the Sun, the moon, the Earth and a good many stars. Through our geography lessons, we know the Earth goes around the Sun, and the moon goes around the Earth. We have day and night because the Earth keeps turning all the time. When our part of the Earth turns to the Sun, it is day. When our part of the Earth turns away from the Sun, it is night.

Just because the moon is closer to the Earth than the Sun, it looks much bigger than the Sun.

Big things will look smaller when they are farther, and small things also look bigger when they are nearer.

The Sun is bright enough to give out very strong light. The moon can't give any light at all, but it looks quite bright, too. Why？In fact, the light from the moon comes from the Sun. The moon looks much bigger and brighter than the stars. But actually （事实上） the stars are much bigger and brighter than the moon. They look smaller than the moon also because they are farther away from the Earth.

There are still many other planets in the universe. But of all these planets, only on Earth there

are living things and people can only live on Earth, too. But at 9∶00 am on October 15th 2003,Chinese astronaut Yang Liwei was set up to space. He stayed there for 21 hours. It was the

first time for Chinese to get into space.

（1）We find the Sun ______ than the moon because it is ______ to us.

A. bigger; farther

B. smaller; closer

C. bigger; closer

D. smaller; farther

（2）When our part of the Earth turns away from the Sun, the other part of the Earth is ______.

A. night

B. day

C. evening

D. Sunday

（3）People and living things can live on ______.

A. Earth

B. Mars

C. moon

D. Sun

（4）When did the astronaut from our country return to the Earth?

A. On November 15th, 2002.

B. On October 16th, 2003.

C. On May 15th, 2004.

D. On October 15th, 2003.

（5）Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. The moon goes around the Earth, and it can't give out any light at all.

B. The moon goes around the Sun, and its light is from the Sun.

C. The Earth moves round the moon, and people can live only on Earth.

D. Of all the planets, only the Earth moves round the Sun.

【答案】（1）D

（2）B

（3）A

（4）B

（5）A

【解析】【分析】文章大意：主要介绍了一些基础的天文知识。太空中，宇宙意味着地

球，太阳和星星及其它们之间的空间，以及它们之间的关联。

（1）细节理解题。结合Just because the moon is closer to the earth than the sun, it looks much bigger than the sun 可知太阳离月亮远，所以看起来小，故选D。

（2）细节理解题。结合When our part of the earth turns to the sun, it is day. When our part

of the earth turns away from the sun, it is night可知地球一部分转向太阳的时候，它是白天，

另一面就是黑夜，故选B。

（3）细节理解题。结合But of all these planets，only on the earth there are living things and people can only live on the earth, too. 可知人和生物生活在地球上，故选A。

（4）细节理解题。结合But at 9：00a.m. on October 15th 2003，Chinese pilot Yang Liwei was sent up to space. He stayed there for 21hours可知呆了21小时，就是第二天了，十月十六号，故选B。

（5）细节理解题。结合Through our geography lessons, we know the earth goes round the sun，and the moon goes round the earth. We have day and night because the earth keeps turning all the time. The moon can't give any light at all可知月亮绕着地球转，但是不能发光，故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文主要考查细节理解题，首先仔细阅读文后的问题，弄清问题的大意；然后带着问题阅读短文，抓住关键信息，选择正确答案。

14．阅读理解

As space science develops, man has learned more and more about space. Space is not only amazing but also dangerous. While working in space, spacemen are facing danger as well as success.

Scientists have found out that the radiation（辐射）is the greatest danger to spacemen in space. When spacemen are working in space, they are in danger of the radiation from the sun and other stars, which is bad for their health. The harm of the radiation won't be found until their children even grandchildren are born. Some special medicine may work a little, but no really effective medicine has been found so far.

Space rubbish is also thought to be a great danger to spacemen. It's reported that there were 9,000 man-made things flying in space. About 30% of these are satellites, 10% are spaceships, and the rest are space rubbish. An explosion（爆炸） in space in 1999 made a cloud of 300,000 fragments, each at least 4 mm in size. A small piece of these even knocked a spaceship window and caused some damage（损坏）. Scientists are watching and reporting any possible danger all the time. They are working to deal with space rubbish.

Although space is really dangerous, it interests many people on the earth. In the near future, it may become possible for people to spend a few days in a space hotel. We may even choose to leave the earth and live in space in a few years. So we should do something to help improve the space environment.

（1） shows the man-made things in space in the correct way.

A. Space rubbish: 20%; Spaceships: 0%; Satellites: 40%

B. Space rubbish: 60%; Spaceships: 10%; Satellites: 30%

C. Space rubbish: 50%; Spaceships: 20%; Satellites: 30%

D. Space rubbish: 45%; Spaceships: 30%; Satellites: 25%

（2）The radiation from the sun and other stars is to spacemen.

A. good

B. helpful

C. useful

D. harmful

（3）The underlined word "fragments" means " ".

A. 碎片

B. 泡沫

C. 烟雾

D. 飞碟（4）The passage talks about kinds of danger in space.

A. two

B. three

C. four

D. five

（5）Which of the following is TRUE?

A. Scientists have found out ways to solve any problem in space.

B. Every one of us can have a travel to space in ten years.

C. The harm of the radiation may be found in the spacemen's children.

D. Space is really dangerous, so it doesn't interest anyone on the earth.

【答案】（1）B

（2）D

（3）A

（4）A

（5）C

【解析】【分析】文章大意：太空人在太空工作时，面临两大危险，辐射以及太空垃圾。（1）细节理解题。根据文中语句 About 30% of these are satellites, 10% are spaceships, and the rest are space rubbish 可知，大约30%是卫星，10%是宇宙飞船，其余是太空垃圾。故正确答案为B。

（2）细节理解题。根据文中语句 Scientists have found out that the radiation （辐射） is the greatest danger to spacemen in space 可知，太阳和其它星星的辐射对宇航员有危害（harmful）。good 意为“好的”，helpful 意为“有帮助的”，useful 意为“有用的”，均不符合题意。故正确答案为D。

（3）猜测词句题。结合划线单词所在的句子 An explosion （爆炸） in space in 1999 made a cloud of 300,000 fragments, each at least 4mm in size 可知，在爆炸后产生的，体积为 at least 4mm 的最有可能是碎片。泡沫、烟雾和飞碟的体积均不符合原句意。故正确答案为A。（4）细节理解题。根据文中语句Scientists have found out that the radiation （辐射） is the greatest danger to spacemen in space 和第三段第一句Space rubbish is also thought to be a great danger to spacemen 可知，本文讲述了辐射和太空垃圾两种对宇航员的危害物。故正确答案为A。

（5）判断正误题。根据文中语句 The harm of the radiation won't be found until their children even grandchildren are born 可知，太空辐射对宇航员的危害会传到他们孩子身上。所以C 项表述正确。故正确答案为C。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文考查细节题，词义推断题，推理判断题和主旨题等常考题型，细节题要注意从文中抓住关键词寻找答案；主旨题，词义推断题以及判断题都需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出正确选项。

15．阅读理解

Interesting festivals in the world

Throwing tomatoes-Spain（西班牙）

Spain takes "tomato fights" to a whole new level. But the tomatoes are

being thrown, not eaten. The festival takes place on the last

Wednesday in August, Trucks（卡车） carry tomatoes into the square.

People rush to the tomatoes and throw them into the crowd.

Rolling cheese -England

This festival is celebrated in May. It takes place on Copper's Hill. A large

wheel of cheese（奶酪）is rolled down Copper's Hill, The festival is

actually a race where people run down the hill after the rolling cheese.

The first person to cross the finish line at the bottom of the hill wins

the cheese.

Burning man -The United States

The Burning Man Festival is held annually, spanning from the last

Sunday in August to the first Monday in September（Labor Day）. The

festival takes place in Black Rock Desert. The best part of the festival is

the burning of a large sculpture of a man.

Pouring water-Thailand

The Songkran Festival is the celebration of the New Year in Thailand.

Rather than a single day, Thailand celebrates the New Year from April

13th to April 15th. Thai people run after each other, pouring water.

Songkran is one of the most important reasons why foreigners travel to

the beautiful land.

A. Spain.

B. England.

C. The United States.

D. Thailand.

（2）Which activity is held in Black Rock Desert?

A. Throwing tomatoes.

B. Rolling cheese.

C. Burning man.

D. Pouring water.（3）Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. The tomatoes are thrown into the crowd to eat.

B. Not all the festivals above fall on a single day.

C. Burning a large real man is the best part of the Burning Man Festival.

D. Songkran is the only reason for attracting lots of tourists.

【答案】（1）B

（2）C

（3）B

【解析】【分析】文章大意：短文介绍了世界上有趣的节日：西班牙的扔西红柿节、英格兰的滚奶酪节、美国的火烧人狂欢节和他国的泼水节。

（1）细节理解题，根据Rolling cheese -England This festival is celebrated in May. 可知五月份可以去英国，故答案是B。

（2）细节理解题，根据 Burning man -The United States The festival takes place in Black Rock Desert. 可知火烧人狂欢节放生在黑岩沙漠，故答案是C。

（3）正误判断题，根据文章内容可知，哪一个节日也不是在一天之内结束的，因此B的陈述是正确的，故答案是B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题和正误判断题。细节理解题可以直接从文中寻找答案；正误判断题属于细节理解题的一种，也需要根据文章内容进行判定。