月英语四六级阅读理解答案
四级第二套Section C
Passage One
Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.
Across the rich world, well-educated people increasingly work longer than the less-skilled. Some 65% of American men aged 62-74 with a professional degree are in the workforce, compared with 32% of men with only a high-school certificate. This gap is part of a deepening divide between the well-educatedwell-off and the unskilled poor. Rapid technological advance has raised the incomes of the highly skilled while squeezing those of the unskilled. The consequences, for individuals and society, are profound.
The world is facing an astonishing rise in the of old people, and they will live longer than ever before. Over the next 20 years the global population of those aged 65 or more will almost double, from 600 million to 1.1 billion. The experience of the 20th century, when greater longevity(长寿)translated into more years in retirement rather than more years at work, has persuaded many observers that this shift will lead to slower
economic growth, while the swelling ranks of pensioners will create government budget problems.
But the notion of a sharp division between the working young and the idle old misses a new trend, the growing gap between the skilled and the unskilled. Employment rates are failing among younger unskilled people, whereas older skilled folk are working longer.The divide is most extreme in America, where well-educated baby-boomers(二战后生育高峰期出生的美国人)areputting off retirement while many less-skilled younger people have abandoned policies that used Xto retire early. Rising life expectancy(预期生命),combined with the replace- Xpension plans with less generous defined-contribution ones, means that even the better-off must work longer to have a comfortable retirement. But the changing nature of work also plays a big role. Pay has risen sharply for the highly educated, and those people continue to reap rich rewards into old age because these days the educated elderly are more productive that the preceding generation. Technological charge may well reinforce that shift; the skills that complement computers, from management knowhow to creativity, do not necessarily decline with age.
57.What is happening in the workforce in rich countries
A.Younger people are replacing the elderly.
B.Well-educated people tend to work longer.
C.Unemployment rates are rising year after year.
D.People with no collage degree do not easily find work.
【答案】B
58.What has helped deepen the divide between the well-off and the poor
A.Longer life expectancies.
B.A rapid technological advance.
C.Profound changes in the workforce.
D.A growing number of the well-educated.
【答案】B
59.What do many observers predict in view of the experience of the experience of the 20th century
A.Economic growth will slow down.
https://www.360docs.net/doc/be9060799.html,ernment budgets will increase.
C.More people will try to pursue higher education.
D.There will be more competition in the job market.
【答案】A
60.What is the result of policy changes in European countries
A.Unskilled workers may choose to retire early.
B.Morepeople have to receive in-service training.
C.Even wealthy people must work longer to live comfortably in retirement.
D.Peoplemay be able to enjoy generous defined-benefits from pension plans.
【答案】C
61.What is characteristic of work in the 21st century
https://www.360docs.net/doc/be9060799.html,puters will do more complicated work.
B.More will be the educated young.
C.Most jobs to be done will be creative ones.
D.Skills are highly valued regardless of age.
【答案】D
Passage Two
Questions 62 to 65 are based on the following passage.
Some of the world's most sign significant problems hit headlines. One example comes from agriculture. Food riots and hunger make news. But the trend lying behind these matters is rarely talked about. This is the decline in the growth in yields of some of the world's major crops. A new study by the University of Minnesota and McGill University in Montreal looks at where, and how far, this decline is occurring.
The authors take a vast number of data points for the four most important crops: rice, wheat, corn and soyabeans(大豆). They find that on between 24% and 39% of all harvested areas, the improvement in yields that took place before the 1980s slowed down in the 1990s and 2000s.
There are two worrying features of the slowdown. One is that it has been particularly sharp in the world's most populous(人口多的)countries, India and China. Their ability to feed themselves has been an important source of relative stability both within the countries and on world food markets. That self-sufficiency cannot be taken for granted if yields continue to slow down or reverse.
Second,yield growth has been lower in wheat and rice than in corn and soyabeans. This is problematic because wheat and rice are more important as foods, accounting for around half of all calories consumed. Corn and soyabeans are more important as feed grains. The authors note that "we have preferentially focused our crop improvement efforts on feeding animals and cars rather than on crops that feed people and are the basis of food security in much of the world."
The report qualifies the more optimistic findings of another new paper which suggests that the world will not have to dig up a lot more land for farming in order to feed 9 billion people in 2050, as the Food and Agriculture Organisation has argued. Instead, it says, thanks to slowing population growth, land currently ploughed up for crops might be able to revert(回返)to forest or wilderness. This could happen. The trouble is that the forecast assumes continued improvements in yields, which may not actually happen.
62.What does the author try to draw attention to
A.Food riots and hunger in the world.
B.The decline of the grain yield growth.
C.News headlines in the leading media.
D.The food supply in populous countries.
【答案】B
63.Why does the author mention India and China in particular
A.Their self-sufficiency is vital to the stability of world food markets.
B.Their food yields have begun to decrease sharply in recent years.
C.Their big populations are causing worldwide concerns.
D.Their food self-sufficiency has been taken for granted.
【答案】A
64.What does the new study by the two universities say about recent crop improvement efforts
A.They fail to produce the same remarkable results as before the 1980s.
B.They contribute a lot to the improvement of human food production.
C.They play a major role in guaranteeing the food security of the world.
D.they focus more on the increase of animal feed than human food grains.
【答案】D
65.What does the Food and Agriculture Organisation say about world food production in the coming decades
A.The growing population will greatly increase the pressure on world food supplies.
B.The optimistic prediction about food production should be viewed with caution.
C.The slowdown of the growth in yields of major food crops will be reversed.
D.The world will be able to feed its population without increasing farmland.
【答案】D
66.How does the author view the argument of the Food and Agriculture Organisation
A.It is built on the findings of a new study.
B.It is based on a doubtful assumption.
C.It is backed by strong evidence.
D.It is open to further discussion.
【答案】B
四级第一套
Section C
Passage One
Question 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.
If you think a high-factor sunscreen(防晒霜)keeps you safe from harmful rays, you may be wrong. Research in this week's Nature shows that while factor 50 reduces the number of melanomas(黑瘤)and delays their occurrence, it can't prevent them. Melanomas are the most aggressive skin cancers. You have a higher risk if you have red or blond hair, fair skin, blue or green eyes, or sunburn easily, or if a close relative has had one. Melanomas are more common if you have periodic intense exposure to the sun. Other skin cancers are increasingly likely with long-term exposure.
There is continuing debate as to how effective sunscreen
is in reducing melanomas—the evidence is weaker than it is for preventing other types of skin cancer. A 2011 Australian study of 1,621 people found that people randomly selected to apply sunscreen daily had half the rate of melanomas of people who used cream as needed. A second study, comparing 1,167 people with melanomas to 1,101 who didn't have the cancer, found that using sunscreen routinely, alongside other protection such as hats, long sleeves or staying in the shade, did give some protection. This study said other forms of sun protection—not sunscreen—seemed most beneficial. The study relied on people remembering what they had done over each decade of their lives, so it's not entirely reliable. But it seems reasonable to think sunscreen gives people a false sense of security in the sun.
Many people also don't use sunscreen properly-applying insufficient amounts, failing to reapply after a couple of hours and staying in the sun too long. It is sunburn that is most worrying-recent shows five episodes of sunburn in the teenage years increases the risk of all skin cancers.
The good news is that a combination of sunscreen and covering up can reduce melanoma rates, as shown by Australian
figures from their slip-slop-slap campaign. So if there is a heat wave this summer, it would be best for us, too, to slip on a shirt, slop on(抹上)sunscreen and slap on a hat.
57.【题干】What is people's common expectation of a high-factor sunscreen
A.It will delay the occurrence of skin cancer.
B.It will protect them from sunburn.
C.It will keep their skin smooth and fair.
D.It will work for people of any skin color.
【答案】B
58.【题干】What does the research in Nature say about a high-factor sunscreen
A.It is ineffective in preventing melanomas.
B.It is ineffective in case of intense sunlight.
C.It is ineffective with long-term exposure.
D.It is ineffective for people with fair skin.
【答案】C
59.【题干】What do we learn from the 2011Australian study
of 1,621 people
A.Sunscreen should be applied alongside other protection measures.
B.High-risk people benefit the most from the application of sunscreen.
C.Irregular application of sunscreen does women more harm than good.
D.Daily application of sunscreen helps reduce the incidence of melanomas.
【答案】D
60.【题干】What does the author say about the second Australian study
A.It misleads people to rely on sunscreen for protection.
B.It helps people to select the most effective sunscreen.
C.It is not based on direct observation of the subjects.
D.It confirms the results of the first Australian study.
【答案】D
61.【题干】What does the author suggest to reduce melanoma
rates
https://www.360docs.net/doc/be9060799.html,ing both covering up and sunscreen.
B.Staying in the shade whenever possible.
https://www.360docs.net/doc/be9060799.html,ing covering up instead of sunscreen.
D.Applying the right amount of sunscreen.
【答案】A
Passage Two
Questions 62 to 65are based on the following passage.
Across the rich world, well-educated people increasingly work longer than the less-skilled. Some 65% of American men aged 62-74 with a professional degree are in the workforce, compared with 32% of men with only a high-school certificate. This gap is part of a deepening divide between the well-educated well-off and the unskilled poor. Rapid technological advance has raised the incomes of the highly skilled while squeezing those of the unskilled. The consequences, for individuals and society, are profound.
The world is facing an astonishing rise in the number of old people, and they will live longer than ever before. Over
the next 20 years the global population of those aged 65 or more will almost double, from 600 million to 1.1 billion. The experience of the 20th century, when greater longevity(长寿)translated into more years in retirement rather than more years at work, has persuaded many observers that this shift will lead to slower economic growth, while the swelling ranks of pensioners will create government budget problems.
But the notion of a sharp division between the working young and the idle old misses a new trend, the growing gap between the skilled and the unskilled people, whereas older skilled folk are working longer. The divide is most extreme in America, where well-educated baby-boomers(二战后生育高峰期出生的美国人)are putting off retirement while many less-skilled younger people have dropped out of the workforce.
Policy is partly responsible. Many European governments have abandoned policies that used to encourage people to retire early. Rising life expectancy(预期寿命), combined with the replacement of generous defined-benefit pension plans with less generous defined-contribution ones, means that even the better-off must work longer to have a comfortable retirement. But the changing nature of work also plays a big role. Pay has
risen sharply for the highly educated, and those people continue to reap rich rewards into old age because these days the educated elderly are more productive than the preceding generation. Technological change may well reinforce that shift: the skills that complement computers, from management knowhow to creativity, do not necessarily decline with age.
62.【题干】What is happening in the workforce in rich countries
A.Younger people are replacing the elderly.
B.Well-educated people tend to work longer.
C.Unemployment rates are rising year after year.
D.People with no college degree do not easily find work.
【答案】B
63.【题干】What has helped deepen the divide between the well-off and the poor
A.Longer life expectancies.
B.Profound changes in the workforce.
C.A rapid technological advance.
D.A growing number of the well-educated.
【答案】C
64.【题干】What do many observers predict in view of the experience of the 20th century
A.Economic growth will slow down.
https://www.360docs.net/doc/be9060799.html,ernment budgets will increase.
C.More people will try to pursue higher education.
D.There will be more competition in the job market. 【答案】A
65.【题干】What is the result of policy changes in European countries
A.Unskilled workers may choose to retire early.
B.More people have to receive in-service training.
C.Even wealthy people must work longer to live comfortably in retirement.
D.People may be able to enjoy generous defined-benefits from pension plans.
【答案】C
66.【题干】What is characteristic of work in the 21st century
https://www.360docs.net/doc/be9060799.html,puters will do more complicated work.
B.More will be taken by the educated young.
C.Most jobs to be done will be creative ones.
D.Skills are highly valued regardless of age.
【答案】D
四级卷三
56. C) The decline of the grain yield growth.
57. A) Their self-sufficiency is vital to the stability of world food markets.
58.D) They focus more on the increase of animal feed than human food grains.
59. D) The world will be able to feed its population without increasing farmland.
60. B) It is based on a doubtful assumption.
61. A)More men taking an extended parental leave.
62. C) Their number is too small to make a difference。
63. A) A long leave will have a negative impact on their career.
64. C) Surprise
六级卷一
56. C.Unemployment
57. D.Pour money into the market through asset buying.
58. B.Deflation
61. B. Attend the school once they are admitted.
62. A. To make sure they get qualified students.
63. C. It allows them little time to make informed choice.
64. D. It places students from lower-income families at a disadvantag
e.
65. B. Avoid choosing early decision unless they are fully prepared.
六级卷二
Passage One
56 A) To get their share of clean air.
57 C) Offering preferential treatment to wealthy countries.
58 B) Our relationship to the plant world.
59 D) By pooling their efforts together.
60 C) Share life with nature.
Passage Two
61 B) Attend the school once they are admitted.
62 A) To make sure they get qualified students.
63 C) It allows them little time to make informed decisions.
64 D) It places students from lower-income families at a disadvantage.
65 B) Avoid choosing early decision unless they are fully prepared.
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英语四级阅读理解练习附答案 导读：我根据大家的需要整理了一份关于《英语四级阅读理解练习附答案》的内容，具体内容：下面是我整理的，希望对大家有帮助。Culture is one of the most challenging elements of the international ma... 下面是我整理的，希望对大家有帮助。 Culture is one of the most challenging elements of the international marketplace. 『This system of learned behavior patterns characteristic of the members of a given society is constantly shaped by a set of dynamic variables: language, religion, values and attitudes, manners and customs, aesthetics, technology, education, and social institutions.』① To cope with this system, an international manager needs both factual and interpretive knowledge of culture. To some extent, the factual knowledge can be learned; its interpretation comes only through experience. The most complicated problems in dealing with the cultural environment stem from the fact that one cannot learn culture—one has to live it. Two schools of thought exist in the business world on how to deal with cultural diversity. One is that business is business the world around, following the model of Pepsi and McDonalds. In some cases, globalization is a fact of life; however, cultural differences are still far from converging.
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中考英语阅读理解及答案
I In the early 1990s,the word” Internet” was strange to most people. But today, Internet has become a useful tool for people all over the world. Maybe Internet has been the greatest invention in the field of communication in the history of mankind（人类） Communicating with others on the Internet is much faster. We can chat with a person who is sitting in the other part of the world. We can e-mail our friends and they can read the e-mails within a minute. Giving all kinds of information is probably the biggest advantage of the Internet. We can use search engines to find the information we need. Just type in a keyword or keywords and the search engine will give us a list of suitable websites to look at. We can enjoy a lot on the Internet by downloading games, visiting chat rooms or surfing （浏览）websites. There
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Passage1 Reading leadership literature, you’d sometimes think that everyone has the potential to be an effective leader. 读领导文学，你有时会认为每个人都有可能成为一个有效的领导者。 I don’t believe that to be true. In fact, I see way fewer truly effective leaders than I see people stuck in positions of leadership who arc sadly incompetent and seriously misguided about their own abilities. 我不相信这是真的。事实上，我认为真正有效的领导者的方式比我看到的人都陷在领导的职位上，遗憾的是他们自己的能力不称职，严重误导了他们。 Part of the reason this happens is a lack of honest self-assessment by those who aspire to（追求）leadership in the first place. 对产生这种现象的原因一部分是由那些渴望缺乏诚实的自我评估（追求）放在首位的领导 We've all met the type of individual who simply must take charge. Whether it's a decision-making session, a basketball game, or a family outing, they can't help grabbing the lead dog position and clinging on to it for dear life. They believe they're natural born leaders. 我们都遇到了个人的类型，他们必须负责。无论是决策会议，篮球比赛，还是家庭外出，他们都不能不抓住领导的狗的地位，并紧紧抓住它，因为亲爱的生命。他们相信他们是天生的领袖。 Truth is, they're nothing of the sort. True leaders don't assume that it's their divine（神圣的）right to take charge every time two or more people get together. Quite the opposite. A great leader will assess each situation on its merits, and will only take charge when their position, the situation, and/or the needs of the moment demand it. 事实是，他们没有什么样的。真正的领导者不认为这是他们的神圣（神圣的）负责每次两个或两个以上的人在一起吧。恰恰相反。一个伟大的领导者会对每一个情况进行评估，并在他们的位置、情况和/或需要的情况下，只会负责。
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