小学英语语法——介词知识点讲解+练习

介词

一、介词概述

1、介词的定义：介词是一种虚词，用来表示名词或相当于名词的其它词语在

句中与其它词的关系，不能单独使用。介词可与名词或相当于名词的其它词构成介词短语。介词短语可在句中作定语，状语，表语和宾语补足语。

2、介词的分类：时间介词、地点介词、方式介词、原因介词等。

3. 介词短语的句法作用

介词短语作为一个成分在句中可用作定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语等。

（1）作定语

介词短语作定语时，一般放在被修饰词的后面，作后置定语。

The book on the desk is very interesting.

书桌上的那本书很有趣。

China is a great country with a long history.

中国是一个具有悠久历史的国家。

（2）作状语

介词短语作状语时，一般放在动词后面或句末、句首。用来表示时间、地点、目的、方式和原因等。

The basketball match will start at nine.

篮球比赛将在9点开始。（表示时间）

He likes to swim in the river.

他喜欢去河里游泳。（表示地点）

I went there to get my book back.

我去那里取回我的书。（表示目的）

I came here by bike.

我骑自行车来到这里。（表示方式）

She was trembling with fear.

她吓得直发抖。（表示原因）

（3）作表语

介词短语作表语时，一般放在be动词和连系动词之后。

I’m on duty today.

今天我值日。

My English teacher is from Australia.

我的英语老师来自澳大利亚。

（4）作宾语补足语

介词短语作宾语补足语时，一般放在宾语之后。

I found everything in good condition.

我发现一切状况良好。

When he woke up, he found himself in the hospital.

当他醒来时，他发现自己在医院里。

二、介词考点纵览

一、单项选择

( ) 1. It’s time ______ supper.

A. at

B. in

C. on

D. for ( ) 2. It’s no time ______ school. It’s time ______ go back home.

A. to, for

B. to, to

C. for, to

D. for, for ( ) 3. Mr. Brown comes ______ America.

A. at

B. from

C. in

D. to

( ) 4. What’s this _____ English?

A. in

B. at

C. on

D. under ( ) 5. Sometimes I go to school _____ foot.

A. by

B. in

C. on

D. With ( ) 6. Count _____ one _____ ten.

A. from, by

B. from, to

C. to, to

D. at, to ( ) 7. My sister is looking ____ her new shoes now.

A. at

B. after

C. for

D. to

( ) 8. It’s cold outside. Please _____ your warm clothes.

A. put in

B. take off

C. put on

D. put up ( ) 9. The classroom is quite different _____ that one.

A. of

B. from

C. with

D. like ( ) 10. ---Do many children in our class often skate ________ winter?

---Yes, they usually have fun _______ winter.

A. in, in

B. on, on

C. at, at

D. for, in ( ) 11. ---Does the autumn start _________ August?

---Sometimes it does. But usually it starts _______ September.

A. in, in

B. on, on

C. at, at

D. for, in ( ) 12. I usually play table tennis ________ school.

A. after

B. when

C. by

D. for

( )13. ---I like summer. Is it cool ______ autumn?

---What _______ summer? Oh, it is too hot.

A. in, about on

B. on, about on

C. in, about in

D. in, about ( ) 14. ---Do you listen to the radio _______ a long time?

---No, I often listen to it ______________ twenty minutes.

A. for, to

B. for, for

C. to, for

D.in, about ( ) 15. When is May Day? It’s _______ the first of May.

A. on

B. in

C. at

D. for

( ) 16. They will move to the new school ______ next Monday.

A. on

B. in

C. /

D.for

( ) 17. Write the numbers ______ 10 ______ 30 on the blackboard.

A. from, in

B. between, and

C. behind, and

D. from, for

( ) 18. The waterway is wide enough for many ships to pass______.

A. above

B. across

C. cross

D. through

( ) 19. ---What’s the matter ____ you?

---There is something wrong _____ my head.

A. about; with

B. for; about

C. with; with

D. about; on

( ) 20. ____ a book ____ his hand, Mr. Zhao walked into the classroom.

A. By; in

B. With; on

C. By; on

D. With; in

( ) 21. Don’t laugh _____ him. He will shout ____ you.

A. on; to

B. at; at

C. for; to

D. at; for

( ) 22. He arrived _____ Guangzhou ____ noon.

A. in; in

B. to; at

C. in; at

D. at; in

( ) 23. I haven’t h eard ____ my sister ____ last Sunday.

A. of; for

B. to; in

C. from; since

D. about; on

( ) 24. My sister is good _____ English because she is interested _____ it.

A. in; in

B. at; at

C. at; in

D. in; at

( ) 25. They work _____ a small farm _____ a river.

A. in; by

B. at; on

C. by; on

D. in; in

( ) 26. Some animals sleep _____ the day and wake up _____ night.

A. in; by

B. in; at

C. at; in

D. by; by

( ) 27. Don’t tell anybody ____ it. Keep it ____ you and me.

A. about; in

B. about; between

C. of; in

D. of; with

( ) 28. ---When will Mr. Black come to Beijing?

---____ September 5th.

A. On

B. To

C. At

D. In

( ) 29. ____ the help of satellites, we can know what the weather will be like in the next few days.

A. Under

B. With

C. Using

D. By

( ) 30. It’s very nice ____ you to give me the chance.

A. of

B. for

C. to

D. at

二、根据句意，填上适当的介词。

1. Don’t forget to wash hand s ____________ meals.

2. Please turn __________ Page 20.

3. Now the students go to school ___________Monday _______ Friday.

4. There is a big market ____ the end of the road.

5. ---Is your brother in, Kate? ---Yes, he is ________ home.

6. My mother is waiting _____ the bus ______ the bus stop.

7. He’ll give us a talk _________ the history of our party.

8. Mrs. Green will hold the class instead ______ Mr. Zhang.

9. China is one ______ the biggest countries ______ the world.

10. Mike came to China ________ March, 1993. He has been in China _____ 13 years.

11. What’s the Great Wall made ____?

12. I prefer fruit ____ beef. Miss Zhou agrees ______ me.

13. It’s very kind _____ you to carry the box ______ me.

14. The students ____ old clothes will go to the farm.

15. Don’t read ______ the sun. It’s bad ________ your eyes.

16. I always get _______ well with my classmates.

17. I saw your name _________ today’s newspaper.

18. Look, the birds are singing ______ the tree.

19. Shanghai lies ________ the east of China.

20. The naughty boy got in his bedroom ____ the window.

参考答案

一、单项选择

1.D

2.C

3.B

4.A

5.C

6.B

7.A

8.C

9.B 10.A 11.A 12.A 13.C 14.B 15.A 16.C 17.B 18.B 19.C 20.D 21.B 22.C 23.C 24.C 25.A 26.B 27.B 28.A 29.B 30.A

一．DCBAC BACBA AACBA CBBCD BCCCA BBABA 二、根据句意，填上适当的介词。

1～10：before, to, from…to, at, at, for…at, on, of , of…in, in,…for 11～20：of, to…with, of…for, in, in…for, along, in, in, in, through