新人教版九年级第八单元测试题(卷)附答案

新人教版九年级第八单元测试题附答案

Unit 8 It must belong to Carla.

(时间：100分钟，满分：100分)

Ⅰ.单项选择。(每小题1分，共15分)

( ) 1. —Mike had ________ unusual experience last week. He said he saw ________ alien.

—Really? Can you believe him?

A. a; an

B. a; a

C. an; an

D. an; a

( ) 2. —Wow! How beautiful! ________ flowers are these?

—Today is Mother's Day. They are for you，Mum.

A. Who

B. Which

C. What

D. Whose

( ) 3. —Would you like to ________ a concert with us tonight，Mike?

—I'd love to，but I have to look after my ill mother.

A. refuse

B. agree

C. attend

D. admire

( )4. —She was interviewed ________ the local newspaper this morning.

—Yes. The TV station interviewed her ________ the same time.

A. by; at

B. by; for

C. as; in

D. as; at

( )5. There must be many people ________ for the train at the train station because of the

snow storm.

A .wait B. waited C .to wait D. waiting

( )6. —Why did Peter leave the library?

—He was made out of it for making lots of ________.

A. cry

B. voice

C. sound

D. noise

( )7. Jennifer takes a lot of exercise every day and she is always full of ________.

A. knowledge

B. change

C. energy

D. courage

( )8. —Have you bought ________ for Linda's birthday?

—Not exactly. Just some flowers.

A. something unusual

B. anything unusual

C. unusual something

D. unusual anything

( )9. The coffee tastes terrible. I don't think ________ likes drinking it.

A. anything

B. anybody

C. nobody

D. nothing

( )10.________ Tom ________ Mary speaks good Chinese，so they can communicate with

these Chinese students very well.

A. Neither; nor

B. Not only; but also

C. Both; and

D. Either; or

( )11. I don't know if the dress ________ me. Can you give me some advice?

A. suits

B. wears

C. has

D. agrees

( )12. His family are worried about him because they haven't ________ letters from him for

a long time.

A. accepted

B. received

C. written

D. collected

( )13. There are many ________ chances hidden in the challenges. Open your eyes to find

them and catch them in your hands.

A. valuable

B. opposite

C. surprised

D. exciting

( )14. —I think the girl under the tree must be Alice.

—No, it ________ be her. She is in the gym now.

A. can't

B. mustn't

C. may

D. may not

( )15. — ________？

—Sorry, I don't know. Maybe it's Kathy's.

A. Who is Kathy

B. Whose bike is this

C. Which is Kathy's bike

D. What size is Kathy's bike

Ⅱ.完形填空。(每小题1分，共10分)

Ethan woke up suddenly. He knew nothing 16 himself. He did not know where he was or how he had gone there. He stood up and walked out of the forest.

There was a small town. He tried to look for help， 17 when he entered a store，he passed out (晕倒)again.

Ethan woke up again in a hospital. He 18 many things. He knew his name was Ethan. He worked for the FBI and he came to that area to 19 two of his colleagues (同事)who had disappeared. He met a car accident on his way. That must be why he was in the 20 .

But soon he found the hospital was strange. It was too 21 .He met only one nurse and he never saw any other patient. He escaped from (逃离)the hospital.

Then he met more 22 .He found one of his colleagues died，and when he met the other one，she even said she did not 23 him！Ethan got a car and tried to drive away. But no matter which way he went，he 24 drove back to the town!

This is the beginning of a popular TV show，Wayward Pines (《怪松镇》).Do

25 think the story is interesting? Come and see what would happen next!

( ) 16. A. with B. about C. like D. after

( ) 17. A. because B. so C. although D. but

( ) 18. A. invented B. tried C. remembered D. forgot

( ) 19. A. look for B. wait for C. play with D. live with ( ) 20. A. hospital B. forest C. office D. show

( ) 21. A. noisy B. quiet C. cheap D. bad

( ) 22. A. changes B. customs C. mysteries D. relatives

( ) 23. A. hate B. like C. know D. see

( ) 24. A. hardly B. maybe C. never D. always

( ) 25. A. you B. I C. they D. we

Ⅲ. 阅读理解。(每小题2分，共30分)

We moved to a beautiful two－storey old house. The house was built in 1905. It was repaired in 1997.

At first，really small things began to happen that didn't make me believe that anything was wrong，but as time went on，things started becoming stranger and stranger.

Early on something was missing，and later would be found somewhere else. I just thought I had forgotten where I put it，or perhaps my daughter was playing around with things. Then later on I would hear strange sounds when nobody was at home but me…yet it was an old house，and sometimes old house did make little noises，so again，I didn't really mind.

Then things that I couldn't explain started happening. It was last November and

I was at home alone cleaning house. When I was sweeping the kitchen floor，I felt

a very cold wind blew my hair. I thought the kitchen window must have been opened，but when I checked it，it was closed. The windows were new，and there was no way any cold air came in.

We all felt very strange and moved away from there in October，2002.I was never really frightened(害怕的).It was just strange，like something or someone was trying to get my attention or something.

( ) 26. The house is ________ years old.

A. about 97

B. more than 100

C. over 200

D. about 92

( ) 27. According to the passage，the things that were missing in the old house ________.

A. would never be found

B. can't be explained by the writer

C. must be taken away by her daughter

D. would be seen in another place

( ) 28. At first the writer thought the strange sounds happened because ________.

A. the house was very old

B. someone made them

C. her daughter made them

D. some animals made them

( ) 29. ________ when the writer was sweeping the kitchen floor last November.

A. Lights turned on suddenly

B. A very cold wind blew in from the open window

C. A very cold wind blew her hair

D. The window was closed by someone

( ) 30. From the passage，we could know that the writer was ________.

A. interested in everything

B. proud of the old house

C. afraid of the strange things

D. surprised at the strange things

Woodland School Picnic Notice

Dear Parents，

The school is planning a picnic for Grade 2 students. They will have an exciting experience on a nearby farm.6 experienced teachers will be there to take care of the children. Parents need to pay $20 for the picnic. Let us know if you want your children to go for the picnic by 21st October，2016.

After Monday，21st October，2016，the confirmation will not be accepted. Important information:

( ) 31. Where will the picnic take place?

A. In a park.

B. In a zoo.

C. On a farm.

D. On a mountain.

( ) 32. What does the underlined word “ confirmation ” mean in Chinese?

A.入学

B. 住宿

C. 陪同

D. 确认

( ) 33. How long will the picnic take?

A. 4 hours.

B. 6 hours.

C. 8 hours.

D.10 hours.

( ) 34. What should children take with them for the picnic?

A. A lunch box.

B. A water bottle.

C. Sports clothes.

D. Hot water.

( )35. What can we learn from the material?

A. No teacher will go for the picnic.

B. Parents don't need to pay for the picnic.

C. Children will have a class after the picnic.

D. Children will go for the picnic on weekends.

Do you think there is a ghost in the world？More than 20 years ago, a student jumped from the top of the clock tower in the University of Birmingham. He did this only because he failed his final exam.

After his death, a superstition(迷信)began：Anyone who walks under the clock tower will have bad luck in his exam. Years later, students there still remembered the story of the tower. Although Birmingham is the second largest city in Britain, the university is green and quiet. The grass around the tower has been worn away by the feet of students who refuse to pass underneath the tower.

The university had to pave(铺)extra paths, so students could walk to their classrooms without passing under the most terrible area. But, one day just before an important exam, a top student in the university walked under the clock tower because he was lost in thought. However, he got high marks in the exam the next day. Quickly students all knew about it. Then they realized that the most important thing is working hard.

Whenever I go under the clock tower, I will tell myself, “Working hard is the key to success.”

( ) 36. Why did the student jump from the top of the tower?

A. Because he saw a ghost there.

B. Because he was very careless.

C. Because he didn't pass his final exam.

D. Because there was no risk. ( ) 37. The University of Birmingham lies in ________.

A. the largest country

B. the middle of America

C. the largest city in Britain

D. the second largest city in Britain ( ) 38. The grass around the tower has been worn away by the students who ________.

A. think the grass is really beautiful and like to walk on it

B. think they will fail exams if they walk under the tower

C. believe anyone who walks under the tower will die

D. know there is a ghost in the tower and are afraid of it

( ) 39. What did the university do with the problem?

A. It paved other roads for the students.

B. It ordered students to walk under the tower.

C. It moved the clock tower away at last.

D. It didn't do anything for the students.

( ) 40. What's the writer's opinion in the passage?

A. He thinks it's dangerous to risk walking under the clock tower.

B. He doesn't believe the story is true.

C. He thinks the story is interesting.

D. Working hard is important to success.

Ⅳ. 词汇运用。(每小题1分，共10分)

A)根据句意及首字母或汉语提示完成单词。

41. I promised not to tell a________ about the news.

42. The present is very v________，and I won't accept it.

43. We usually have four p________ in the morning and three in the afternoon.

44. They'll have a surprising party to celebrate their ________(胜利).

45. It's really difficult to find the ________(位置)of MH370.

B) 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。

46. Not only Jim but also Jack ________(go) to the park on weekends.

47. Doctors are trying to prevent the disease ________(spread) in the country.

48. You have got a cold. Take some ________(medical) and have a good rest.

49. I felt ________(sleep) because the movie is really boring.

50. The Great Wall is one of the greatest ________(mystery) in the world.

Ⅴ. 按要求完成下列句子，每空一词。(每小题2分，共10分)

51. I think this is Mary's dictionary.(对画线部分提问)

________ ________ do you think this is?

52. The tall man must be Jim's uncle. (完成反意疑问句)

The tall man must be Jim's uncle，________ ________？

53. These things must belong to Peter. (改为否定句)

These things ________ ________ belong to Peter.

54. The soccer ball is Bob's.(改为同义句)

The soccer ball ________ ________ Bob.

55. The policeman is searching for the wolf in the mountain.(改为复数句子)

The ________ ________ searching for the ________ in the mountain.

Ⅵ. 补全对话。(每小题1分，共5分)

根据下面的对话情景，在每个空白处填上一个适当的句子，使对话的意思连贯、完整。

(Sally finds a schoolbag on the playground. When she picks it up，she sees Linda coming to her.)

Sally: Excuse me. 56 ？

Linda: No，it isn't. Mine is in the classroom.

Sally: 57 ？

Linda: I'm not sure. Maybe it's Kate's. She is looking for her schoolbag. Sally: 58 .Hers is red，but this one is blue.

Linda: Let's see what is in the schoolbag. Oh，there is a hair band in it.

Sally : 59 .Sonia has long hair，and she always forgets things.

Linda: There's also a table tennis ball in the schoolbag.

Sally: Then it must be Sonia's. She is on the school table tennis team.

Linda: We'll give it to her. 60 ？

Sally: She is in the library.

Linda: OK. Let's give it back to her.

56.________________________________________________________________________

57.________________________________________________________________________

58.________________________________________________________________________

59.________________________________________________________________________

60.________________________________________________________________________

Ⅶ.短文填词。(每小题1分，共10分)

根据短文内容及首字母提示填写单词，使短文完整、连贯。

“Teenagers” mean people between 13 and 16 years old.Although they're young，they have to make many decisions for t 61 .However，other people also affect their decisions. Who influences teenagers?

It depends on the kind of choice. Most teenagers t 62 that the most important influence is from their friends and parents. When teenagers buy things，l 63 clothes or CDs，the most important influence is from their f 64 .Parents，advertisements (广告) and TV shows also

i 65 them.

But teenagers also feel they need to make their own d 66 .One teenager girl said，“If our parents don’t a 67 us to do so，in the f 68 we may not know how to do it.”

Do you depend on your parents or others when you decide w 69 to do？Whoever you depend on，you should make the decision in the e 70 .Your future is in your hands.

61.________ 62.________ 63.________ 64.________ 65.________

66.________ 67.________ 68.________ 69.________ 70.________

Ⅷ.书面表达。(10分)

假如你是赵敏，于今天(8月2日)捡到了一个钱包。请你根据下面的提示写一篇日记。词数：80词左右。

提示：

1.里面大约有800元钱，所以推测钱包可能不是中学生的，也许是一位成年人

的;

2.钱包是红色的，所以推测可能是一位女士的;

3.写了一则失物招领启事，告诉失主自己的电话号码。

Wednesday，August 2nd Sunny ________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________

Test for Unit 8

Ⅰ. 1-5 CDCAD 6-10 DCBBB 11-15 ABAAB

Ⅱ. 16-20 BDCAA 21-25 BCCDA

Ⅲ. 26-30 BDACD 31-35 CDCBD 36-40 CDBAD

Ⅳ. A)41. anybody/anyone 42. valuable 43. periods 44. victory 45. position

B)46. goes 47. spreading 48. medicine 49. sleepy 50. mysteries

Ⅴ. 51. Whose dictionary 52. isn't he 53. can not 54. belongs to

55. policemen are; wolves

Ⅵ. 56. Is this your schoolbag/Is this schoolbag yours 57. Whose schoolbag is it

58. It can't be hers/It doesn't belong to her

59. It could/may/might belong to Sonia

60. Where is she

Ⅶ. 61. themselves 62. think 63. like 64. friends 65. influence

66. decisions 67. allow 68. future 69. what 70. end

Ⅷ. One possible version：

Wednesday，August 2nd Sunny

I found a wallet today. I opened the wallet to see what was inside. There was about 800 yuan in it. A middle school student couldn't have so much money. So the wallet might be an adult's. The wallet is red. Women usually like red，so maybe the wallet belonged to a woman. Was there an ID card in it？No，there wasn't. So I couldn't find out exactly who the owner was. I put up a Lost and Found notice. On the notice，I wrote down my telephone number and asked the owner of the wallet to call me when she saw it.

九年级化学第八章教案沪教版

第8章食品中的有机化合物教学目标： 1、从组成上知道什么是有机物、有机高分子化合物，对有机物存在的广泛性和重要性有所认识。通过具体事例认识有机物的多样性和复杂性； 2、了解淀粉的营养价值，植物体内淀粉的来源，通过实验学习淀粉和葡萄糖的简单检验方法。知道淀粉可以转化为酒精。知道油、脂的元素组成、自然界中的来源、营养价值 3、知道蛋白质在食品和动物体内的存在、蛋白质和氨基酸的关系、蛋白质的营养价值。通过实验活动了解蛋白质的溶解性、灼烧现象、显色反应及其与重金属盐的反应； 4、知道各种维生素也是有机物，它是人体不可缺少的营养物质。知道在饮食和烹调中要根据维生素的性质特点，进行正确地操作，以保证维生素的正常摄入； 5、知道食品中混入某些霉菌、甲醛、甲醇等物质的危害性，知道防范方法。教学重点： 1、有机物、无机物的概念，从组成上区分简单的有机物和无机物； 2、有机高分子化合物（简称有机高分子）、碳水化合物（又叫糖类）； 3、淀粉、葡萄糖、油脂等物质的组成，性质特征以及物质间的相互转变关系。教学难点： 1、蛋白质的组成，蛋白质和维生素的物理、化学特性； 2、淀粉、葡萄糖等营养物质对生命活动的重要意义。课时安排： §8、1 什么是有机化合物 1 §8、2 淀粉和油脂 1 §8、3 蛋白质和维生素 2 复习测试 2 共6课时第1课时

教学内容： §8、1 什么是有机化合物教学目标： 1、初步了解有机化合物的特点和性质； 2、了解有机高分子化合物的组成特点； 3、知道食物中淀粉、油脂、蛋白质、维生素是有机物 4、能够从组成上区分有机物和无机物； 5、能用某些实验方法从组成上辨别有机物。教学重点：从物质组成上识别有机物和无机物，掌握最简单的有机物。教学难点：理解有机物和无机化合物在组成上并没有严格区分标准。教具准备：糖、面粉、棉布、燃烧匙、酒精灯、火柴、洗涤剂、醋酸、多种有机物的结构、NaCl、塑料、淀粉、化纤、橡胶。教学过程： [学生活动]：阅读P210，提前板书 [老师提问]：通过阅读，有收获的同学（不论多少）请举手，（选择基础差的同学回答）一、什么是有机化合物：含碳的化合物。特点：不完全燃烧时，大都有黑色的炭析出。[演示实验]：糖、面粉在燃烧匙中烧后均产生黑色物质，食盐在燃烧匙中烧后却无明显变黑现象发生，煤油、石蜡在空气中完全燃烧后，若将产生的气体通入澄清的石灰水，出现清变浑现象，不完全燃烧则有黑烟冒出。 [提问]在CO、CO2、金刚石、石墨、纳米碳管，碳酸钙、酒精、醋酸、塑料、面粉等物质中哪些是有机物。 [学生活动]参考教与学P15，并以塑料、面粉为例发现有机物的一般共性。大多数有机物都有难溶于水，熔点低，受热容易分解，容易燃烧，不易导电等。3．最简单的有机物——甲烷。简单讲解结构式，化学式，出示结构模型。物性：通常为无色、无味气体，极难溶于水，密度小于空气。化性：易燃。写化学方程式自然界的形成：植物殊体在隔绝空气情况下分解而成。存在于：地下深处（天然气）煤矿矿坑（瓦斯气）池沼底部（沼气）沼气的生产和应用的意义：解决农村的燃料问题，环境卫生，提高肥料的质量。矿井安全：通风，严禁烟火，经常检测瓦斯浓度，确保不在爆炸极限内。 4．生活中常见的其它简单有机物酒精：结构式，化学式，

初中化学九年级化学第八单元金属及其材料测考试题.doc

初中化学九年级化学第八单元金属及其材料测考试题姓名:_____________ 年级:____________ 学号:______________ 题型选择题填空题简答题xx题xx题xx题总分得分一、选择题（共24题） 1.下列四个家庭小实验中只发生物理变化的是() A．对蜡烛燃烧的探究B．检验鸡蛋壳的成分C．铁钉锈蚀条件的探究D．提纯混有少量泥沙的食盐【答案】D 难度：基础知识点：物质的变化和性质 2.某自然科学兴趣小组，设计了如右图所示的装置，用来研究不同金属跟稀硫酸反应的快慢。他们用此装置，选择了甲、乙、丙、丁四种大小相同的金属片，分别与相同体积、相同质量分数的稀硫酸反应，观察30 s内从导管口冒出的氢气泡多少，记录在下表中。（“＋”越多表示产生的气泡越多）。金属甲乙丙丁氢气泡多少＋＋＋＋＋＋＋＋＋＋如果四种金属分别是镁、铝、铁、锌中的一种，则丁最有可能是() A．镁B．铝C．铁D．锌【答案】C 难度：中等知识点：金属及金属材料单元测试 3.厦钨股份公司拟生产用于汽车贮氢的钨合金，此合金() A.熔点比钨高 B.不能导电 C.具有金属特性 D.是一种不可回收物【答案】C 评卷人得分

难度：容易知识点：金属的化学性质 4.从对人体健康的角度考虑，制作炒菜锅的金属最好是() A．Fe B．Cu C．A1 D.Pb 【答案】A 难度：容易知识点：金属的化学性质 5.人类每年从自然界中提取大量的金属铁，下列关于铁的说法正确的是（） A.铁在潮湿的空气中能形成致密的氧化物保护膜 B.钢是很纯的铁 C.赤铁矿的主要成分是Fe2O3 D.被腐蚀的铁制品属于不可回收垃圾【答案】C 难度：中等知识点：金属资源的利用和保护 6.将质量相等的A、B、C三种金属，同时分别放入三份溶质质量分数相同且足量的稀盐酸中，反应生成H2的质量与反应时间的关系如图所示。根据图中所提供的信息，得出的结论正确的是。(已知：A、B、C在生成物中均为+2价)() A．放出H2的质量是C＞B＞A B．反应速率最大的是A C．相对原子质量是C＞B＞A D．金属活动性顺序是A＞B＞C 【答案】C 难度：中等知识点：金属的化学性质 7.将一枚洁净的铁钉浸入稀硫酸中，下列叙述：（1）铁钉表面产生气泡；（2）溶液由无色逐渐变为浅绿色；（3）铁钉质量减轻；（4）溶液质量减轻。其中正确的是() A.（1）（3） B.（1）（2）（4） C.（1）（2）（3） D.（1）（2）（3）（4）【答案】C 难度：容易知识点：金属的化学性质 8.下列有关金属和金属材料的说法不正确的是（） A．铁有良好的导热性，常用来制作炊具 B．铜的化学性质不活泼，在潮湿的空气中不会生锈 C．废旧电池中汞的回收可减少对环境的污染 D．铝表面易形成致密的氧化膜可阻止铝进一步被氧化【答案】B 难度：中等知识点：金属的化学性质 9.某单质X能从某溶液中置换出单质Y，由此推断下列说法中正确的是() A．X一定是排在金属活动顺序表中的氢以前的金属 B．X是金属时，Y可能是金属，也可能是非金属 C．X是金属时，Y一定是金属 D．X、Y都是金属时，Y一定比X活泼

九年级人教版化学第八单元教案.

①白铁皮表面镀上的一层金属是。②镀在保温瓶胆夹层的银白色的金属是_____。 ③包装糖果、香烟的银白色金属材料是______。④体温表中的液体金属是___________。 ⑤做干电池负极的材料是______。⑥广泛用于电线和电缆的金属是______、_______。 ⑦广泛用航空工业和造船工业的金属是___。⑧地壳中通常以单质形式存在的金属是 ___。 2、人类的生产和生活中离不开金属材料。通常所说的“金属材料”，既包括纯金属，也包括各种合金。下列金属材料不属于合金的是（） A．青铜 B．生铁 C．紫铜 D．焊锡 3、一种新兴的金属由于其密度小，延展性好，耐腐蚀性强，它和它的合金在航海、航空和化学工业中正逐步取代铝和铝合金而被广泛应用。该金属是（）A．锌 B．钛 C．镁 D．锰 4、用量最大的前三种金属是__________、__________、_________。地壳中含量最多的前两种金属是____________、___________。熔点最高的金属是________，熔点最低的金属是_________。灯泡中发光灯丝使用的金属是________。 5、某新型“防盗玻璃”为多层结构，每层中间嵌有极细的金属线，当玻璃被击碎时，与金属线相连的警报系统就会立刻报警。“防盗玻璃”能报警，这利用了金属的（） A.延展性 B.导电性 C.弹性 D.导热性 6、人们的日常生活离不开金属，高科技新材料的开发和应用也需要金属。请回答： (1)地壳中含量最多的金属元素是。 (2)根据下图的应用实例，试说出金属具有的两点物理性质、（3）日常使用的金属材料多数属于合金，下表列出了一些常见合金的主要成分和性能。合金合金的主要性能主要成分及纯金属的性能焊锡熔点183℃锡：熔点232℃；铅：熔点327℃ 硬铝强度和硬度好铝、铜、镁等。硬度小，质软不锈钢抗腐蚀性好铁、铬、镍等。纯铁抗腐蚀性能不如不锈钢由上表推断，与组成合金的纯金属相比，合金的优点一般有（填序号） ① 强度更低②硬度更高③熔点更高④抗腐蚀性更好

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2021年九年级化学《第八章》复习教案人教新课标版第一部分识记 1、溶液的导电性溶液能导电是因为在溶液中存在有自由移动的带电的粒子。但整个溶液不显电性，因为溶液中阳离子所带正电荷总量与阴离子所带负电荷总量相等。 2、酸、碱、盐的概念酸：电离时生成的阳离子全部是氢离子的化合物叫酸，如：HCl H 2SO 4 HNO 3 碱：电离时生成的阴离子全部是氢氧根离子的化合物叫碱，如：NaOH Ca(OH) 2 盐：电离时能生成金属阳离子和酸根阴离子的化合物叫盐，如：CuSO 4 NaCl Na 2 CO 3 ·10H 2 O NH 4 Cl等。 3、盐酸、硫酸的主要物理性质（1）纯净的浓盐酸是没有颜色的液体，有刺激性气味，有酸味。工业品浓盐酸常因含有杂质（铁离子）而带黄色，打开盛浓盐酸的瓶盖，在瓶口上方能形成白雾，因为浓盐酸有挥发性，挥发出的氯化氢气体跟空气中的水蒸气接触而形成盐酸小液滴。（2）纯净的浓硫酸是没有颜色、粘稠、油状的液体，不易挥发。浓硫酸有吸水性，能用作某些气体（如：H 2、O 2 、N 2 、CO、CH 4 ）的干燥剂。稀释浓硫酸时，一定要将浓硫酸沿器壁慢慢地注入水中，并不断地搅拌，使产生的热量迅速扩散。切不可将水倒进浓硫酸里。 4、酸的通性（酸在水溶液中能电离出氢离子）

（1）能使紫色石蕊试液变成红色，使无色酚酞不变色。（2）酸能跟多种活泼金属起反应，通常生成盐和氢气。 Zn+H 2SO 4====ZnSO 4+H 2↑ Fe+2HCl====FeCl 2+H 2↑ （3）酸能跟金属氧化物起反应，生成盐和水。 Fe 2O 3+6 HCl==== FeCl 3+3 H 2O CuO+ H 2SO 4==== CuSO 4+ H 2O 凡能跟酸起反应生成盐和水的氧化物叫碱性氧化物，如：CaO Fe 2O 3 K 2O MgO CuO 等。（4）酸能与碱发生中和反应，生成盐和水。 Al(OH)3+3HCl==AlCl 3+3H 2O Mg(OH)2+2HNO 3====Mg(NO 3)2+2H 2O （5）酸能与某些盐作用生成新的酸和新的盐。 2HCl+CaCO 3==CaCl 2+H 2O+CO 2↑(检验碳酸根离子,实验室制二氧化碳) HCl+AgNO 3===AgCl ↓+HNO 3(检验氯离子) H 2SO 4+BaCl 2==BaSO 4↓+2HCl(检验硫酸根离子) 5、氢氧化钠和氢氧化钙的主要物理性质（1）纯净的氢氧化钠是白色固体，极易溶于水，溶解时放出大量的热。氢氧化钠暴露在空气中容易吸收水分而潮解，因此氢氧化钠可以用作某些气体的干燥剂，如：可用来干燥H 2 O 2 CO N 2 CH 4等。氢氧化钠有强腐蚀性，因此俗称为苛性钠、火碱、烧碱。（2）氢氧化钙是白色粉末，俗称为熟石灰、消石灰。微溶于水，水溶液称为石灰水。氧化钙与水反应可生成氢氧化钙：CaO+H 2O==Ca(OH)2 6、碱的通性（碱在溶液中能电离出氢氧根离子）

人教版九年级英语第八单元知识点复习总结

人教版九年级英语第八单元知识点总结 Unit 8 It must belong to Carla. 一.单词 whose truck pic nic rabbit atte nd valuable pink an ybody happe ning no ise policema n wolf un easy laboratory outdoors coat sleepy land alie n run after suit express all the same time circle Brita in mystery receive historia n leader midsummer medical purpose prevent energy position burial honor ancestor victory enemy period hard-work ing 情态动词表推测：语气+时态 (一)情态动词表推测的三种语气 1. 在肯定句中一般用must( —定)，may (可能)，might / could (也许，或许)。 He must/may/might know the answer to this question? 他一定/ 可能/ 也许知道这个问题的答案。 2. 否定句中用can' t / couldn ' t(不可能),may not/might not( 可能不)。 It can ' t/couldn ' t be the headmaster. He has gone to America. 这不可能是校长，他去美国了。 3. 疑问句中用can/could ( 能..... ?)。 Could he have fi ni shed the task? 他可能把任务完成了吗？ (注：以上三种句式中情态动词的语气按程度都是依次递减的。Might, could并非may, can 的过去式，而表示语气较为委婉或可能性较小。 (二)情态动词表推测的三种时态 1. 对将来情况的推测，用“情态动词+动词原形”。 She must / may / might / could arrive before 5. 5:00 前她一定/ 可能/ 也许到。 2. 对现在或一般情况的推测，用“情态动词+ be ”，“情态动词+be doing ”或“情态动词+动词原形” (1)He must / may / might / could be listening to the radio now. (2)He can ' t ( couldn ' t ) / may ( might ) not be at home at this time. (3)Mr. Bush is on time for everything. Howcan ( could ) he be late for the opening ceremony ?布什先生一向准时，这次开幕式他怎么可能迟到呢？ 3. 对过去情况的推测，用“情态动词+ have +过去分词”。 (1)It must / may / might / could have rained last night .The ground is wet. (2)The door was locked. He can ( could ) not / may ( might ) not have been at home . 门锁着，他不可能/可能不在家。 (3)Can / Could he have gotten the book ? 难道他找到书了吗？总结：对某一次的推测句型有两部分：语气和时态语气部分：(以下情态动词语气由强至弱) 肯定句：must、may、might (=could ) 否定句：can' t ( =couldn ' t )、mayn' t、mightn ' t 疑问句：can、could (语气更加委婉不确定) 时态部分：

(完整版)人教版九年级化学第八单元测试题

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