(完整版)初一英语一般现在时讲解

(完整版)初一英语一般现在时讲解
(完整版)初一英语一般现在时讲解

初一英语一般现在时态讲解

一、定义与讲解

一般现在时表示经常或习惯性的动作或一般性事实,也可表示现在的状态或主语具备的性格和能力。

通常与副词every day(每天),always(总是),usually(通常),often(经常)sometimes(有时),等时间状语连用。

例:(1)表示事物或人物的特征、状态。

eg. The sky is blue. 天空是蓝色的。

Mary’s father is an English teacher.玛丽的爸爸是一名英语老师。

(2)表示经常性或习惯性的动作。

eg. I go to school at seven every day.我每天六点去上学。

She plays sports every day.她每天都做运动。

(3)表示客观现实。

eg. The table has four legs.桌子有四条腿。

There are63students in my class.我们班有63个学生。

(4)表示客观真理,科学原理,自然现象,等客观事实或格言谚语等。

eg. The sun rises in the east every day.太阳每天从东方升起。

The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。

(5)表示平日的喜好。

eg. I like bananas.

We don’t like vegetables.He likes blue.

She doesn’t like strawberries.

★只有主语在第三人称单数时在陈述句里面实义动词用“三单形式”,其他人称(一,二,三复)用动词原形。

e.g.I/We like English very much.我/我们非常喜欢英语。

She/He/His sister likes English very much.她/他/她的妹妹非常喜欢英语

★动词三单形式的变化规则:

1.(1)多数直接在动词词尾加-s.

play—plays like—likes ask---asks

work---works get---gets call---calls

(2)以字母s,x,ch,sh或o结尾的动词,在词尾直接加-es.

watch---watches wash---washes go---goes

do---does fix---fixes miss---misses

(3)以“辅音字母加-y”结尾的动词,要先变y为i再加-es.

try---tries study---studies cry---cries fly---flies

2.不规则变化:be----is have----has

二、一般现在时的句式转换:

一般现在时态肯定句式:分为含有be动词或情态动词和实义动词的两种情况:

1.含有be动词或情态动词的一般现在时的句式:

(1)肯定句式:主语+be+表语(n./adj.等)

e.g.①He is a worker.他是个老师。

②You are nine.你9岁。

③They are in the classroom.他们在教室里面。

肯定句式:主语+情态动词(can/may/must等)+动原+宾语。

e.g.①He can drive a car.他会开车。

②You can do your homework by yourself.你可以自己完成家庭作业。

③They can swim.他们会游泳。

(2)变一般疑问句:当句子中有be动词或情态动词时,则把be动词或情态动词(can, must等)提到句子的最前面,句末改问号。

(口诀:变疑问并不难,be/情态动词提最前)

含有be动词一般现在时态的句子转换:

一般疑问句句式:Be+主语+表语?

e.g.①He is a teacher.他是个老师。

一般疑问句→Is he a teacher?他是个老师吗?

→Yes,he is./No,he isn’t.是的,他是。/不,他不是。

②I am eight.我8岁。

一般疑问句→Are you eight?你8岁了吗?

→Yes, I am./No,I’m not.是的,我是。/不,不是。

③They are in the classroom.他们在教师里面。

一般疑问句→Are they in the classroom?他们在教室里面吗?

→Yes,they are./No,they aren’t.是的,他们在。/不,他们不在。

④I can play soccer.我会踢足球。

一般疑问句→Can you play soccer?你会踢足球吗?

→Yes, I can./No,I can’t.是的,我会/不,我不会。

★注意:对一般疑问句的回答:

一般用什么问就用什么来回答。

例:Is she your friend?她是你的朋友吗?

Yes,she is./No,she isn’t.是的,她是/不,她不是。

但以下例外:

Is this a pencil?→Yes,it is./No,it isn’t.

Is that your backpack? →Yes,it is./No,it isn’t.

Are these your parents? →Yes,they are./No,they aren’t.

Are those Jim’s brothers?→Yes,they are./No,they aren’t.

(3)变否定句:在be动词或情态动词后面直接加not变成否定句.

(口诀:变否定最容易,not紧紧跟着be/情态动词)

否定句句式:主语+be+not+表语:

例:①She is my sister..她是我的妹妹。

否定句→She is not my sister.她不是我的妹妹。

②I can play soccer.我会踢足球。

否定句→I can not/can’t play soccer.我不会踢足球。

③The students and their teacher are here.学生和他们的老师都在这儿。

否定句→The students and their teacher aren’t here.学生和他们的老师都不在这儿。

2.当句子中没有be动词和情态动词,只含有实义动词时,句式如

下:

含有实义动词的一般现在时的句式:

(1)肯定句:

主语(I/We/You/They/…)+实义动词+其他

e.g.I know the girl.我认识那个女孩。

They always ask the teacher questions.他们总是问老师问题。

主语(He/She/It/…)+实义动词三单形式+其他

e.g.Lucy plays sports every day.露西每天都要运动。

He watches TV every evening.他每天晚上都看电视。

(2)一般疑问句:

变一般疑问句时,在主语前加助动词do或者does来变成一般疑问

句; ¤当句子主语是I,we,you,以及复数…时,句首加do。 ¤当句子主语是第三人称单数she, he, it..等时,句首加does。

注意:加了助动词does,这时谓语动词要还原(用动词原形);另外,句子末尾用问号。

A.主语是I/we/you/they/…等时:

疑问句式:Do+主语+动词原形+其他?

e.g.①I have two sisters and a brother.

一般疑问句→Do you have two sisters and a brother.?

→ Yes,I do./No,I don’t.

e.g.②The boys play soccer every day.

一般疑问句→Do the boys play soccer every day?

→Yes,they do./No,they don’t.

B.主语是he/she/it/…等三单时:

疑问句式:Does+主语+动词原形+其他?

e.g.①He/Mike/My brother likes black schoolbags.他/迈克/我的哥哥喜欢黑色的书包。

→Does he/Mike/your brother like black schoolbags?他/迈克/我的哥哥喜欢黑色的书包吗?

→Yes,he does./No,he doesn’t.是的,他喜欢/不,他不喜欢。

②She/Gina/Our English teacher goes to school by bus.她/吉娜/我们的英语老师坐公共汽车去学校。

→Does she/Gina/your English teacher go to school by bus?她/吉娜/我们的英语老师坐公共汽车去学校吗?

→Yes,she does./No,she doesn’t.是的,她是/不,她不是。

(3)否定句:

变否定句时,在主语后谓语动词前加助动词don’t或者doesn’t变成否定句,切记:助动词后的动词还原成动词原形。

¤当句子主语是I,we,you,以及复数时,加don’t构成否定句。

¤当句子主语是第三人称单数she, he, it等时,加doesn’t构成否定句。

e.g①陈述句:We go to school at7:00every morning.我每天早上7点去上学

否定句→We don’t go to school at7:00every morning.我每天不是7点去上学

②陈述句:She has a brother.她有个哥哥。

否定句→She doesn’t have a brother.她没有哥哥。

※在一般现在时中,当主语是第三人称单数时,谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式,即常在动词原形后加-s/-es/变y为i+es.(注意:只在肯定句/陈述句里面动词用三单形式,在其它所有句型里动词都用原形)。

但有些同学们对于哪些主语是第三人称单数还不十分清楚,现归纳总结如下:

一、人称代词he,she,it是第三人称单数。例:He likes watching TV.他喜欢看电视。

She has lunch at twelve.她十二点吃午餐。

二、单个人名、地名或称呼作主语;是第三人称单数。

例:①Han Mei likes salad.韩梅喜欢萨拉。

②Beijing is in China.北京在中国。

③Uncle Wang often plays volleyball..王叔叔经常打排球。

三、单数可数名词或"this/that/the+单数可数名词"作主语时,是第三人称单数。

例:①This book is yours.这本书是你的。

②That car is red.这辆车是红色的。

③The cat is Lucy's.这只猫是露茜的。

四、不定代词someone,somebody,nobody,everything,something等及指示代词this,that作主语时,是第三人称单数。

例:①Everyone is here.大家到齐了。

②There is a watch on the table.桌上有块手表。

③This is a pen.这是一支钢笔。

五、不可数名词作主语时为第三人称单数。

例:①The milk(牛奶)is in the glass.牛奶在玻璃杯里。

②The bread is very small.那面包很小。

六、当数字或字母作主语时,看作第三人称单数。例:①

"6"is a lucky number."6"是个吉利数字。

②"I"is a letter."I"是个字母。

三、特殊疑问句

1.什么是特殊疑问句:以疑问词开头,对句中某一成分提问的句子叫特殊疑问句。

2.常用的疑问词有:

(1)特殊疑问词+助动词+主语+动词原形+其他?

eg: Where do you do study English?

(2)特殊疑问词+be动词+主语+其他?

eg: Why is your Mum so angry?

(3)特殊疑问词+情态动词+主语+动词原形+其他?

eg: What can I do for you?

4、肯定句变特殊疑问句(就划线部分提问):分3步骤

第一步:先变一般疑问句

第二步:找合适的特殊疑问词代替划线部分

第三步:特殊疑问词提前放到句首,并大写,其余按顺序照抄,省略划线部分。例如:

(1)肯定句、否定句和一般疑问句的互换肯定句:

eg. This is a book.

否定句:This is not a book.

一般疑问句:Is this a book?

肯定回答:Yes,it is.否定回答:No,it isn’t.

就划线部分提问(变特殊疑问句)

This is a book.

第一步:变一般疑问句Is this a book?

第二步:找合适的特殊疑问词Is this what?

第三步:特殊疑问词提前放到句首,并大写,其余按顺序照抄,省略划线部分。

What is this?

肯定句变特殊疑问句(就划线部分提问):分3步骤

第一步:先变一般疑问句

第二步:找合适的特殊疑问词代替划线部分

第三步:特殊疑问词提前放到句首,并大写,其余按顺序照抄,省略划线部分。

非三单肯定句:I like English.

三单肯定句:He likes English.

一般疑问句:Do you like English?

一般疑问句:Does he like English?

否定句:I do not like English.

否定句:He does not like English.

就划线部分提问:I like English.

第一步:先变一般疑问句Do you like English?

第二步:找合适的特殊疑问词代替划线部分Do you like what?

第三步:特殊疑问词提前放到句首,并大写,其余按顺序照抄,省略划线部分。

What do you like?

★特殊:

1.some变为any。例:

There are some birds in the tree.→There aren't any birds in the tree.

但是,若在表示请邀请、请求的句子中,some可以不变。

例:Would you like some orange juice?

与此相关的一些不定代词如something,somebody等也要进行相应变化。

2.and变为or。如:I have a knife and a ruler.→I don't have a knife or a ruler.

3.a lot of(=lots of)变为many或much。

例:They have a lot of friends.(可数名词)→They don't have many friends.

There is lots of orange in the bottle.(不可数名词)→

There isn't much orange in the bottle.

一般现在时用法专练:

一.用Be动词填空。

be动词口诀:I用am,you用are,is连着he/she/it,单数名词用is,复数名词都用are

1.Are you Li Fen?No,I not.

2.________Mr.Green very good?Yes,he.

3..These books very interesting.

4.What class____ you in?

5.You and I good friends.

6.The basketball club fun.

二.写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式。

have like drink_____ go_____ stay______ make______ look______have_____ come______ watch______ ask_____ fly_______

do______ study_____teach_______ sound______

let_______ wash_______ carry______ play_______

三.用所给动词的适当形式填空。

1.I_________(have)two sisters and my mother_________(have)only one brother.

2.Miss Xie________(have)a brown bag and two red jackets.

3.We_________(like)our English teacher.

4.Tom___________(go)to school at7’o clock.

5.Li Song_________(watch)TV at home.

6.You and I__________(play)volleyball every day.

7.That__________(sound)interesting.

8.My father__________(let)me get the baseball bats.

9.Those girls__________(ask)the teacher for it.

10.Aunt Jenny_________(do)housework(家务)every day.

三.按照要求改写句子

1.This is my pencil?(变一般疑问句)

your pencil?Yes,_________.

2.These red hats are Kate’s.(一般疑问句)

hats Kate’s?No,_________.

3.Mary has books.(变一般疑问句)

Mary_____books?

4.She likes the black bag very much.(变一般疑问句)

she the black bag very much?No,she________.

5.I like apples.(变一般疑问句) you apples?

6.It’s an English dictionary.(变一般疑问句)

English dictionary?

7.He has a computer and a mobile plane.(变一般疑问句)

he a computer and a mobile plane?Yes,he________

四、按照要求改写句子

1.She is a good student.(改为否定句)

She_________a___________student.

2.We play tennis every day.(改为否定句)

We___________________________every day.

3.The students like the teacher.(改为否定句)

The students________________the teacher.

4.Simon and Daniel have a ping-pong bat.(改为否定句)

Simon and Daniel____________________a ping-pong bat.

5.She has some white baseballs.(改为否定句)

She_______________any white baseballs

6.Miss Xie teaches us Chinese.(改为否定句)

Miss Xie__________________________us Chinese.

7.Her sister watches TV every evening.(改为否定句)

Her sister____________________TV every evening.

8.John plays basketball after school every afternoon.(改为否定句) John__________________basketball after school every afternoon.

一般现在时态句型转换

1.This is a white key.(对画线部分进行提问)

?

2.Ben’s bag is yellow and red.(对画线部分进行提问)

Ben’s bag?

3.Her name is Gina.(对画线部分进行提问)

?

4.My phone number is673-8220.(对画线部分进行提问)

?

5.The boy is Jack.(对画线部分进行提问)

?

6.The picture is on the wall.(对画线部分进行提问)

?

7.The balls are in the bookcase.(对画线部分进行提问)

?

8.He is Johnny.(改为一般疑问句)

Johnny?

9.The baseballs are under the bed.(改为一般疑问句)

under the bed?

10.He has a tennis racket.(改为一般疑问句)

a tennis racket?

11.I have some baseball bats.(改为一般疑问句)

Baseball bats ?

12.I like oranges.(改为一般疑问句)

oranges?

13.She is Tina.(改为否定句)

.

14.Tom and Mike are my good friends.(改为否定句)

.

15.She has a computer game.(改为否定句)

教育之通病是教用脑的人不用手,不教用手的人用脑,所以一无所能。教育革命的对策是手脑联盟,结果是手与脑的力量都可以大到不可思议。

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初中英语主要时态一般现在时讲解及练习 一、一般现在时有三种形式 1. 谓语是be(am/is/are)的一般现在时。 ①肯定形式:主语+be+表语(形容词、名词充当表语)。 I am hungry. You are beautiful. He is a doctor. ②否定形式:主语+be+not+表语(形容词、名词充当表语)。 I am not hungry. You aren't beautiful. He isn't a doctor. ③一般疑问句形式:Be+主语+表语(形容词、名词充当表语)? 肯定回答:Yes,主语+be. 否定回答:No, 主语+ be+not. —Are you hungry? —Yes,I am./No,I'm not.

—Is he a doctor? —Yes, he is./No, he isn,t. ④特殊疑问句形式:特殊疑问词+Be开头的一般疑问句?—What is he? —He is a doctor. 注意:be要随着主语变。 2. 谓语动词是实义动词(及物动词或不及物动词)的一般现在时。 ①肯定形式:“主语+及物动词+宾语”或“主语+不及物动词”。She has a little brother. 她有一个弟弟。 The sun rises in the east. 太阳从东方升起。 ②否定形式:“主语+don't/doesn't+及物动词+宾语”或“主语+don't/doesn't+不及物动词”。 She doesn't have a little brother. 她没有弟弟。

I don't eat every morning. 我每天早晨都不吃饭。 ③一般疑问句形式:“Do/Does+主语+及物动词原形+宾语”或“Do/Does+主语+不及物动词原形”。 肯定回答:Yes,主语+do/does. 否定回答是:No, 主语+ don't/doesn't.—Do you eat every morning? —Yes, I do./No, I don't. —Does she have a little brother? —Yes, she does./No, she doesn't. ④特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+do/does开头的一般疑问句? What do you like? When do you go to school? 注意:根据主语确定用do还是does。 3. 谓语是情态动词can/may...+动词原形的一般现在时。 ①肯定形式:主语+情态动词can/may.....+动词原形+宾语。 I can finish my homework.

(word完整版)七年级英语语法:一般现在时及练习

七年级一般现在时专讲专练 (一)一般现在时的概念 1. 表示目前的情况或状态。 【例句】 We’re at school. 我们在上学。 2. 表示主语所具备的性格、特征或能力。 【例句】 They speak English. 他们说英语。 3. 表示现阶段经常性或习惯性的动作。 【例句】 The girl goes to school by bike every day. 这个女孩每天骑自行车去上学。 4. 表示客观真理或事实。 【例句】 The earth moves round the sun. 地球绕着太阳转。 状元典例 Light _____much faster than sound. A. travel B. travels C. to travel D. traveling 答案:B 思路分析:浏览题干可知句意为“光(传播的速度)比声音(传播的速度)要快得多”。这是一个客观真理,故用一般现在时。light作主语,且是第三人称单数,故谓语动词也用第三人称单数形式。(二)一般现在时的标志词 一般现在时常与often, always, usually, sometimes, every day (week, month, term, year), twice a year, in the morning (afternoon, evening)等时间状语连用。 【例句】 We often play football in the afternoon. 我们经常下午踢足球。(三)一般现在时中的谓语动词 一般现在时中含有两种谓语动词: 1. 系动词be,即am, is 和are。 【用法】我用am;你用are;is连着他,她,它。 单数主语用is,复数全部都用are。 【例句】 I am at No. 2 Middle School. 我在第二中学。

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