(完整)人教版高中英语必修2现在完成时的被动语态用法讲解(教师版)
【高一同步教程】高中英语必修2 现在完成时的被动语态用法讲解
【学习目标】
1．现在完成时被动语态的结构
2．现在完成时被动语态的主要用法
3．使用现在完成时的被动语态需要注意的问题
【课前预习】
1．什么是语态？
语态是表示主语和动词之间的主动关系或被动关系的动词形式。英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者（施动者），被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者（受动者）。
2．对现在完成时被动语态的理解
现在完成时被动语态的结构就是现在完成时态和被动语态结构的叠合，即“have + been + 动词过去分词”。试比较以下几组句子的谓语结构：
1）主动句：He has repaired the machine for two hours. 他修理这台机器已有两小时了。
被动句：The machine has been repaired for two hours. 这台机器已修了两小时了。
2）主动句：The teacher has borrowed the books. 老师把那些书借走了。
被动句：The books have been borrowed by the teacher. 那些书被老师借走了。
【教学过程】
一、现在完成时被动语态的构成
1．现在完成时被动语态的肯定式
由“have ／has ＋been ＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。例如：
Two windows have been broken．两个窗子被打破了。
2．现在完成时被动语态的否定式
由“have ／has ＋not＋been ＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。例如：
The car has not been repaired．这辆汽车还没有修好。
3．现在完成时被动语态的一般疑问式
由“Have／Has ＋主语＋been＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。例如：
①─Has her work been finished？她的工作完成了吗？
─Yes，it has．是的，完成了。
②─Have the cars been repaired？这些汽车修好了吗？
─No，they haven't．不，还没有。
4．现在完成时被动语态的特殊疑问式
由“疑问词＋have／has＋主语＋been＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。例如：
How long has her work been finished？她的工作完成有多久了？
Who has been helped by the new computer？谁已经得到了这台新计算机的帮助？
How many new words have been learned by the students？这些学生已经学会了多少单词？
二、现在完成时被动语态的主要用法
1．表示被动的动作发生在说话之前（即现在的过去），强调对现在造成的影响和结果。例如：The door has been locked．门被锁上了。（结果是现在没有人能进去）
2．表示一个被动的动作或状态开始于过去，持续到现在，并可能将持续下去，常与for或since引导的时间状语连用，或用于How long．．．？句型中。例如：
The old man has been looked after for twenty years.
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这位老人已受照顾20年了。（可能还会被照顾下去）
They have been told about it for many times．．
有人告诉他们这事很多次了。（可能还会有人告诉他们）
How long has the machine been used？这机器使用有多久了？
三、使用现在完成时的被动语态需要注意的问题
1．现在完成时的被动语态有两个助动词，即have ／has和been，两者缺一不可。
2．只带有一个宾语的动词变为被动语态时，将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。
We have built many houses in the past ten years.
Many houses have been built in the past ten years (by us).
3．带有双宾语的动词，如：give, send, bring, take, teach, show,, sing, write, read, sell, buy, tell, pay, lend,
pass, promise等，变为被动语态时，可将其中一个宾语变为主语，另一个保留不动。
We have given him the book.
He has been given the book.
The book has been given to him.
4．带有复合宾语的动词变为被动语态时，只能将宾语变为主语，原来的宾补改为主语补足语。原来省略to的不定式作宾补时，被动语态中要用带to的不定式。
I have told them to help you.
They have been told to help you.
I have made her work hard.
She has been made to work hard (by me).
5．短语动词是一个不可分割的整体，在被动结构中要保持完整性，不可省略短语动词中的介词或副词。例如：The orphan has been well looked after．这位孤儿一直受到很好的照顾。
They have referred to the books.
The books have been referred to (by them).
He has thought of a way of doing it.
A way of doing it has been thought of (by him).
6．由finish，buy，start，begin，post，return，borrow，join，marry，open等词构成的现在完成时的被动语态不能与表示一段时间的状语如for four days，how long等连用，而要改换动词或时态。例如：
译：这本书买了多久了？
误：How long has this book been bought？
正：How long ago was this book bought？
但这类动词的否定式可表示动作的持续过程，具有延续性，因而可与since或for引导的时间段连用。例如：
No books have been bought since last week．自上周以来，没有人来买过书。
7．注意与一般过去时被动语态的区别。
一般过去时的被动语态表示一个被动的动作发生在过去某个时刻，其结果对现在没有影响；而现在完成时被动语态的动作或状态尽管发生在过去，但侧重说明该动作或状态对现在造成的影响和结果。例如：
The house was built last year．这房子是去年建造的。
The house has been built．这房子已经建好了。
四、经典习题
1. I can't see any coffee in this cupboard. . (北京2005春)
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A. Has it all been finished
B. Was it all finished
C. Has it all finished
D. Did it all finish
2. Millions of pounds' worth of damage by a storm which swept across the north of England last
night.(重庆2005)
A. has been caused
B. had been caused
C. will be caused
D. will have been caused
3. More patients in hospital this year than last year. (江苏2004)
A. treated
B. have treated
C. had been treated
D. have been treated
4. —The window is dirty.
—I know. It for weeks.(2004全国卷Ⅲ)
A. hasn't cleaned
B. didn't clean
C. wasn't cleaned
D. hasn't been cleaned
【答案与解析】
第1题的第一句话告诉我们，橱柜里看不到咖啡了（对现在造成影响和结果），所以紧接着要问“咖啡已经被喝完了吗？”，故选A。
第2题的意思是“昨晚横扫英格兰北部的暴风雨已经造成了上百万英镑的损失”，这里强调发生在过去的动作对现在造成的影响，故选A。
第3题中的patients与treat之间是被动关系，排除A、B。根据时间状语this year可知用现在完成时的被动语态，故选D。
第4题上句提到“窗户很脏”，所以下句应该是“窗户已经有数周没有被擦了”，故选D。
【课后练习】
一、把下列句子变成被动语态
1. Mary has locked the door.
2. She has told me about the story.
3. I have read this book many times.
4. We have completed all the preparations for the task, and we're ready to start.
5. This company has produced new types of computers
6. They have interviewed several teachers for the job.
7. George has sent some texts and pictures to his friend's cell phone.
8. They have developed some programs for the human resource department of their company
9. Someone has put the book under the bench for more than two days.
10. The typhoon has damaged the bridges because of its strong wind.
二、改错
1. A personal computer has bought by us.
2. Many problems has been found with our new computer.
3. The computer was used every day since we bought it.
4. It's said that this book has translated into Chinese.
5. The new theater has been designing recently.
三、单选选择
1. ---Flight 302 to London until 7:30 tomorrow morning.
---No wonder I hear so many complaints from the passengers.
A．has been delayed B．delay C．delayed D．will be delayed
2. Great changes ______ in the city, and a lot of factories ______.
A. have been taken place; have been set up
B. have taken place; have been set up
C. have taken place; have set up
D. were taken place; were set up
3. Every year a flood of farmers arrive in Shenzhen for the money-making jobs they before
leaving their hometowns.
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A. promised
B. were promised
C. have promised
D. have been promised
4. —David and Vicky married?
—For about three years.
A. How long were; being
B. How long have; got
C. How long have; been
D. How long did; get
5. Tom was said to ______ Mary for forty years.
A. have been married to
B. have married with
C. has been married
D. had married with
6 . Paper money for over a thousand years.
A .used
B .has been used
C .has used
D .is using
7. —We want to sit at the table near the window.
—I'm sorry, but it already.
A .has taken B. took C. was taken D. has been taken
8. —the letter to Mr. .Black?
—No .It's still on the desk.
A. Has ;given
B. Will; be given
C. Was ;given D .Has ;been given
9. Great changes in my home town and a lot of factories .
A. have been taken place ;are being set up
B. have taken place ;have been set up
C. are taken place; had been set up
D. had taken place ;will be set up
10. So far, moon by man already.
A. is visited B .will be visited C. has been visited D. was visited
11.With the help of high technology, more new substances in the past years.
A. discovered
B. have discovered
C. had been discovered
D. have been discovered
12. I got caught in the rain and my suit .
A. has ruined
B. had ruined
C. has been ruined
D. had been ruined
13. —Why does the lake smell terrible
—Because large quantities of water .
A. have polluted
B. is being polluted
C. has been polluted
D. have been polluted
14 .When and where to go for the on-salary holiday yet.
A. are not decided
B. have not been decided
C. is not being decided
D. has not been decided
15. In recent years many football clubs as business to make a profit
A. have run
B. have been run
C. had been run
D. will run
16. No permission has for anybody to enter the building.
A. been given
B. gave
C. given
D. be give
17. By 2003, 28 Chinese culture relics on World Heritage List by UNESCO.
A. be placed
B. placed
C. have been placed
D. have placed
18. A lot of money to protect the old temple.
A. have been spent
B. has spent
C. have spent
D. has been spent
19. The Great Wall many times in history.
A. is rebuilt
B. has been rebuilt
C. been rebuilt
D. rebuilt
20. The Stonehenge existed for more than 3,000 years.
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A. is
B. be
C. has been
D. have been
21.－How many times not to play with fire? －I'm sorry. I'll never do that again.
A. do you tell
B. had you told
C. are you told
D. have you been told
22. The fire to the fifth floor all the people ?
A. has got; Have; been saved
B. has been got; Have; saved
C. has got; Do; save
D. has got; Have; saved
23. Old paintings according to the descriptions.
A. are carefully recreated
B. have been carefully recreated
C. have be recreated
D. been carefully recreated
24. More visitors to Beijing since the repair project .
A. have brought; was completed
B. have been brought; was completed
C. have been brought; completed
D. have brought; completed
25. It is true that many of the world's greatest cities on the banks of a river.
A. have been built
B. have built
C. are being built
D. were built
26. Do you know the thief by the police?
A. has caught
B. has been catching
C. was caught
D. has been caught
27. It that Leshan Buddha is the biggest among the Buddhas that .
A. was reported; have been found
B. is reported; have found
C. is reported; have been found
D. was reported; had been found
28.－Will you attend the meeting this afternoon? －But I anything about that.
A. hadn't told
B. haven't been told
C. wasn't told
D. won't tell
29. More patients in the hospital this year than last year.
A. treated
B. have treated
C. had been treated
D. have been treated
30. How many trees this year?
A. are planted
B. will plant
C. have been planted
D. planted
【答案解析】
一、将以下句子的主动形式改为被动形式
1. The door has been locked.
2. I have been told about the story.
3. This book has been read many times .
4. All the preparations for the task have been completed, and we're ready to start.
5. New types of computers has been produced.
6. Several teachers have been interviewed for the job.
7. Some texts and pictures have been sent to George's friend's cell phone.
8. Some programs for the human resource department of their company have been developed.
9. The book has been put under the bench for more than two days.
10. The bridges have been damaged by the typhoon because of its strong wind.
二、改错
1. A personal computer has been bought by us.
2. Many problems have been found with our new computer.
5. The computer has been used every day since we bought it.
4. It's said that this book has been translated into Chinese.
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5. The new theater has been designed recently.
三、单项选择
1.答案：A 解析：确定首句时态的关键信息在于----No wonder I hear so many complaints from the
passengers.既然听到了乘客的抱怨，说明航班已经被推迟。也就是说，推迟这一动作发生在过去且已对现在产生影响，所以用现在完成时。
2.答案：B
3. 答案：D 解析：根据上文所用时态，下文应该用现在范畴的时态，排除A、B两个答案，再考虑语态，选D项。
4. 答案：C 解析：根据该对话中的时间状语for about three years该题问的是动作持续了多久，用现在完成时，排除A、D两项。get married 强调的是结婚这一动作，不能延续，故排除B项。be married表示已婚的状态，可以延续。故本题答案为C项。
5. 答案：A
6. 答案：B 解析：该题的时间状语for over a thousand years.，该问题已持续很长时间，用现在完成时。Money是被使用的因此用被动语态，所以其他选项不完整。
7. 答案：D 解析：该对话的意思是“---我要坐那个靠窗户的位置，---对不起，那个位置已经有人了”。说的是那个位置已经被别人事先预定了，位置预定需要用被动，而预定这个动作已经完成，故用D.
8. 答案：D 解析：根据对话答语的副词still on the desk 说明该动作还没有完成，所以问句问的是动作看是否已经完成？letter 和given 之间又是被动关系，故选D
9. 答案：B 解析：这句话的意思是说目前家乡已经发生了很大的变化，建起了很多工厂。这些动作都已经完成故用完成时态，变化和工厂做主语需要用被动语态，而take place 无被动形式，所以选B
10.答案：C 解析：so far 是和现在完成时连用的时间状语，方位月球，月球做主语要用被动语态，所以选C。
11. 答案：:D 解析：in the past years 是和想在完成时态连用的时间状语，more new substances 做主语是被发现的，因此用现在完成时态的被动语态。故选D.
12．答案：C 解析：这句话的意思是：我被困在大雨里，衣服被毁坏了。强调的是动作发生在过去对现在造成的影响，用完成时态。衣服是被雨水毁坏的，要用被动雨天，一次选C。
13. 答案: D 解析：这句话的大意是：湖水的味道难闻是由于大量的水污染造成的。水是被污染的，而这一结果到目前已经完成，故选D。
14. 答案：D 解析：yet 是和现在完成时连用的副词，二时间和地点的决定是人为的，因此要用被动语态，所以选D。
15. 答案：B 解析：in recent years 是和想在完成时连用的时间状语，而足球俱乐部是由人来经营管理的要用被动语态，所以选B。
16.A 17.C 18. D 19.B 20.C 21.D 22.A 23.B 24.B 25.A 26.D 27.C 28.B
29.D 30. C
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(英语)高考英语被动语态练习题及答案
（英语）高考英语被动语态练习题及答案 一、单项选择被动语态 1．With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth ________ each year. A．is washing away B．is being washed away C．are washing away D．are being washed away 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 本题考查现在进行时的被动语态和主谓一致。解题步骤：1. 确定谓语单复数：根据quantity的用法，quantities of和a quantity of后面都可加不可数名词与可数名词复数，但它们作主语时，quantities of...后面的谓语动词用复数，而a quantity of...的谓语动词用单数，故排除A、D项。2. 确定第二空：随着森林的被毁，土壤正在被冲走，故应该用现在进行时的被动语态。句意：随着森林的被毁，大量的优质土壤每年都被冲走。综上，故选D项。 【名师点拨】 quantities of和a quantity of后面加可数名词复数，做主语时后面的谓语动词用复数形式；quantities of后面加不可数名词，做主语时后面的谓语动词用复数形式；a quantity of后面加不可数名词，做主语时后面的谓语动词用单数形式。https://www.360docs.net/doc/c216874496.html,rge quantities of money have been sent there大量的钱已经被送到那里；A large quantity of money has been wasted.大量的钱已经被浪费；2.A large quantity of books have been offered to us.大量的书已经提供给我们； Quantities of nuts are on the table.大量的坚果在桌子上。 2．—Are we about to having dinner? —Yes, it ________ in the dining room. A．serve B．is serving C．is being served D．has been serving 【答案】C 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：——我们准备去吃饭吗？——是的，饭菜正在餐厅被供应。it是指饭菜，和动作serve之间是被动关系，且动作正在进行，四个选项中只有C项是现在进行时的被动语态，故选C。 3．To my ________， he was not a little ________ at the news that he had won the first prize in the English speech contest, for he thought that he didn't perform so well. A．astonishment；astonishing B．astonished；astonishing C．astonishment；astonished D．astonish；astonishment 【答案】C 【解析】
高中英语被动语态讲解及练习含答案
一、被动语态的构成形式 1. 被动语态的基本时态变化 被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式, 被动语态由be＋过去分词构成，be随时态的变化而变化。以do为例，各种时态的被动语态形式为： 1) am/is/are +done (过去分词) 一般现在时 2） has /have been done 现在完成时 3） am/is /are being done 现在进行时 4） was/were done 一般过去时 5） had been done 过去完成时 6） was/were being done 过去进行时 7） shall/will be done 一般将来时 8） should/would be done 过去将来时 9） shall/will have been done 将来完成时（少用） 10） should/would have been done 过去将来完成时（少用） 2. 被动语态的特殊结构形式 1)带情态动词的被动结构。其形式为：情态动词＋be＋过去分词。 例The baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter. 2) 有些动词可以有两个宾语，在用于被动结构时，可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语，另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。通常变为主语的是间接宾语。 例His mother gave him a present for his birthday. 可改为 He was given a present by his mother for his birthday. 3) 当“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时，将宾语变为被动结构中的主语，其余不动。 例Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette. 可改为The boy was caught smoking a cigarette. 4）在使役动词have, make, get以及感官动词see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe等后面不定式作宾语补语时，在主动结构中不定式to要省略，但变为被动结构时，要加to。 例Someone saw a stranger walk into the building. 可改为A stranger was seen to walk into the building. 5) 有些相当于及物动词的动词词组，如“动词＋介词”，“动词＋副词”等，也可以用于被动结构，但要把它们看作一个整体，不能分开。其中的介词或副词也不能省略。 例The meeting is to be put off till Friday. 3. 非谓语动词的被动语态 v.+ing 形式及不定式 to do 也有被动语态(一般时态与完成时态) 。 例I don't like being laughed at in the public. 二、如何使用被动语态 学习被动语态时，不仅要知道被动语态的各种语法结构，还要知道在哪些情况中使用被动语态。 1. 讲话者不知道动作的执行者或不必说出动作的执行者(这时可省by 短语)。 例My bike was stolen last night. 2. 借助被动的动作突出动作的执行者。 例I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should accept the offer. 3. 为了更好地安排句子。 例The well-known person got on the bus and was immediately recognized by people. （一个主语就够了） 三、It is said that+从句及其他类似句型 一些表示“据说”或“相信”的动词如believe, consider, expect, report, say, suppose, think等可以用于句型“It＋be＋过去分词＋that从句”或“主语＋be＋过去分词＋to do sth.”。有：It is said that… 据说,It is reported that…据报道，It is believed that…大家相信，It is hoped that…大家希望，It is well known that…众所周知，It is thought that…大家认为，It is suggested that…据建议。 例It is said that the boy has passed the national exam. （＝The boy is said to have passed the national exam. ）
被动语态的几种特殊用法
被动语态的几种特殊用法(1)主动形式表示被动意义 1)常见的这类动词有：“act，add up，clean，compare，count，cook，draw，fill，iron，keep，let，look，make up，milk，kill，open，photograph，prove，read，sell，smoke，spoil”等。 The window won't open．(这扇窗户打不开。) The cow milks well．(这头牛出奶率很高。) Damp wood will not fire．(湿木不易燃烧。) She doesn't photograph well．(她不上相。) His judgment proved wrong．(他的判断是错的。) The banana peels easily．(香蕉皮剥起来很容易。) Flies kill easily in autumn．(秋天苍蝇容易死亡。) It turned out fine that day．(结果那天天气很好。) How did his coat catch on a nail? (他的衣服怎么钩到钉子上了?) 2)实用动词“need／want／deserve／require +V-ing(动名词)”形式表示被动意义。 My hair needs cutting。． The bike wants repairing． It doesn't deserve mentioning． Hamlet is required reading for the course．(《哈姆雷特》为本课程指定读物。) 3)一些固定句型如：e worth doing sth．have/get sth．猨?搩湯履，以及to be under(in)+抽象名词等表示被动意义： Beijing is a big city in China and worth visiting．(北京是中国的一个大城市，值得浏览。) Mr.．Wilson had his wallet stolen the day before yesterday．(威尔逊先生前天丢了一个钱包)。 The bike is under(in)repair．(自行车正在修理中。) This tape recorder is in use．(这种录音机正在使用中。) 4)一些不定式的主动态表示被动意义： ①There be句型： There are a lot of things to do． There is nothing to worry about． ②不定式修饰want, have等动词的宾语，而句中的主语同时又不是不定式的逻辑主语时： I want some clothes to wash． Do you have anything to say for yourself? ③不定式修饰buy，get，give等动词的直接宾语，而句中的间接宾语又是不定式的逻辑主语时：
高中英语语法被动语态
被动语态 一、语态的基本概念和种类 语态是动词的一种形式，用来表明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。谓语动词为主动语态的句子叫主动句，谓语动词被动语态的句子叫被动句。一般来说，主动语态侧重于行为者，被动语态侧重于动作的对象或动作本身。如：主动句：They built this bridge.他们修的这座桥。 被动句：This bridge was built by them.这桥由他们建造。 二、' 三、被动语态的构成 被动语态由“be+及物动词的过去分词”构成，助动词be有人称、数和时态的变化，其变化规则与be作为系动词的变化完全一样。 英语主动语态的时态共有十六种，而被动语态只有十种。 四、主动语态变被动语态 主动语态转换成被动语态分三步走：第一步是将主动语态中的宾语放在句首，第二步是将主动语态中的谓语变成被动形式，第三步是将主动语态中的主语放在被动句的谓语之后，在前面再加上介词by，引出动作的执行者。简言之，主动语态变被动语态时，主语与宾语交换位置，谓语变为被动形式，执行者前加by。 主动语态：We speak Chinese. (主语) (谓语) (宾语) （ Chinese is spoken by us. (主语) (谓语) (宾语) 主动语态转换成被动语态分三种情况： 第一种句型：主语+谓语+宾语，主语与宾语交换位置。例如： I sent an email last night.昨天夜里我发了一封电子邮件。（主动结构） An email was sent (by me) last night.一封电子邮件昨天夜里（由我）发出了。（被动结构） 第二种句型：主语+谓语+宾语+宾语，将其中任意一个宾语与主语交换位置。例如： … My parents bought me a new computer.我的父母亲给我买了一台新电脑。（主动结构） A new computer was bought for me.有人给我买了一台新电脑。（被动结构） I was bought a new computer.有人给我买了一台新电脑。（被动结构） 第三种句型：主语+谓语+复合宾语，将其中的宾语提到句首，而将宾语补足语仍留在原来的位置。例如：
【精品】英语被动语态用法总结(完整)
【精品】英语被动语态用法总结(完整) 一、单项选择被动语态 1．The house, which _____ last night, ____ my aunt but she doesn’t live there any more. A．was broken into; is belonged to B．broke into; is belonged to C．broke into; belonging to D．was broken into; belongs to 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 考查被动语态和主动语态。句意：这所房子昨晚被拆了，它属于我的姑妈，但她已经不在那里住了。第一空，根据last night 及句意可知句子用一般过去时态的被动语态，break into“破门而入”，答案为was broken into；第二空，belong to“属于”，无进行和被动语态，结合句意可知句子用一般现在时态，答案为belongs to。故选D。 2．(江苏四校第四次考试)The flood has caused a lot of damage to that area and the figures of the missing________shortly. A．will be published B．have been published C．had been published D．are published 【答案】A 【解析】 考查时态。shortly不久，不多时，在句中作时间状语，表示将来，所以空处应该用将来时。句意为：这场洪水给那一地区造成了很大损失，失踪人数很快就会公布。 答案：A 3．At the awarding ceremony held in Tokyo, the scientists were surprised by what ______ in science and technology. A．has discovered B．has been discovered C．had discovered D．had been discovered 【答案】D 【解析】句意：在东京举行的颁奖仪式上，科学家们惊讶于科学技术的发现。科学家们感到惊讶是过去式，故科学技术发现用过去完成时，what于动词discover是被动关系，故选D。 4．The si nger’s music video nearly 9 million times since it was posted on the Internet four weeks ago. A．viewed B．has viewed C．was viewed D．has been viewed 【答案】D 【解析】 试题分析：考查动词时态与语态辨析。A. viewed，一般过去式；B. was viewed过去式的被
高一英语被动语态
高一专题系列一被动语态 ●学而时习 语态是动词的一种形式，用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。英语的语态共有两种：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式，一般说来，只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态。 ●知识点精讲透析 ●考点一主动语态“变性”被动语态 1、主动语态变为被动语态的步骤： (1) 将主动句的宾语变为主语，如果主动句的宾语是代词，需变为主格。 (2) 将动词改为“be+过去分词”，be与新主语的人称和数一致，时态不变。 (3) 将主动语态的主语前加by放在谓语动词后，如果原主语是代词，要变为宾格。如： They held a meeting yesterday. → A meeting was held（by them）yesterday. 他们昨天开会了。昨天举行了一个会议。 They won’t forgive me. → I won’t be forgiven by them. 他们不会原谅我的。我不会被他们原谅的。 2、主动语态变为被动语态的注意事项： (1) 主动句中的主语如果是people, we, you, they, somebody等含糊地表示“人们”、“大家”等，变为被动句时，通常删去“by…”，除非强调原主语。如： They set up this hospital in 1975. → This hospital was set up in 1975. 这所医院建于1975年。 Only he can finish the job. 只有他能完成这项工作。→ The job can be finished only by him.这项工作只能由他来完成。 (2) 含有双宾语，即直接宾语和间接宾语的句子，每个宾语都可变为被动语态的主语，即其被动语态有两种形式，但多以间接宾语作主语。 Jack told us the truth.杰克告诉了我们真相。We were told the truth by Jack. The truth was told (to) us by Jack. (3) 含有宾语+宾语补足语的句子，变成被动句后原来的宾语补足语就成了主语补足语了；注意：不带to的不定式作宾语补足语时，变成被动时要加上to。 I heard Emily sing the song just now. → Emily was heard to sing the song just now. 我刚才听见艾米莉唱这首歌了。 (4) 含有宾语从句的主动句变为被动句，通常用it作为被动结构的先行主语，把宾语从句后置。 We have determined that the plan should be carried out soon. It has been determined that the plan should be carried out soon. 我们决定这项计划必须马上实施。 (5) 双重被动结构: 当某人或物成为两次动作的承受者时，要用双重被动结构。如： Parents often ask their children to do too much homework. The children are often asked to do too much homework. Too much homework is often asked to be done by the children.
高中英语被动语态专题讲解与练习(可编辑修改word版)
Grammar Review the Passive Voice(复习被动语态) ★被动语态的基本形式: 英语中的被动语态由be done(vt.的过去分词) 构成。其人称、数和时态的变化通过be 的变化表现出来的。以实义动词do 为例，在常见时态中，其被动语态的基本形式如下： ㈠谓语动词的被动语态 注 get lost/ married/ paid/ hurt/ burnt/ broken/ drunk/ killed drowned/ cheated/ separated/dressed/ injured 等等。
looks taste feels eg: ① How did you get lost in the mountain ？ ② They got married two months after their first sight. ㈡ 非谓语动词的被动语态 ★ 主动语态表被动意义的情况： ① 感官动词, 系动词 feel, look, taste, smell, sound ， 动词 read ，write ，sell, wash, clean, lock, dry, wear 等表主语的属性特征； 表示开始，结束，运动的动词 begin, finish, start, open, close, stop, end, shut, run, move 等; 用作谓语时，句子主语含有被动关系，但并不表示动作被执行，故不需用被动语态。如： 1. W hat he said 2. T he water in winter to be reasonable. cold. 3. W hatever my mother cooks delicious. 4. Y ou hairstyle vary fashionable. 5. T his pen writes well. 6. T he door won’t lock. 7. T he red coat of mine washes well. 8. T he shop closes at 10 o’clock every morning. 9. T he meeting ended in an friendly atmosphere. ② sb./sth. + be+ adj. to do , 此句中不定式 to do 与主语 sb./sth. T he text is easy to understand. (The text is easily to be understood.) T he water here isn’t fit to drink. ③ 少数动词如 print, build, cook, hang, make T he book is printing. 这本书正在排印中。 proved
被动语态的结构及用法
教学过程 被动语态的结构及用法 Step 1 Warm-up: Review 复习 一、Review the past participle forms of the verbs 1、规则动词过去分词的构成： (1)一般情况+ed 如worked；以不发音的e结尾，直接+d 如liked (2)以“辅音字母+y”，y →i+ed 如study →studied (3)以重读闭音节结尾，词尾仅一个辅音字母，双写词尾辅音字母+ed 如stopped，planned 2、特殊变化：课本附录 Step 2 Presentation:呈现 一、语态概述：略讲 1、英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的，分为主动语态与被动语态两种。 2、主动语态，即主语是动作的执行者。Eg. We clean the classroom. 3、被动语态，即主语是动作的承受者。Eg. The classroom is cleaned by us. 二、被动语态的构成：略 被动语态的基本构成是“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词+(by)”。be本身无词义，但有时态、人称和数的变化。by通常紧跟在被动句谓语动词之后，有时也可省。 1、现在： （1）一般现在时am/is/are + done （2）现在进行时am/is/are + being done （3）现在完成时have/has + been done 2、过去： （1）一般过去时was/were + done （2）过去进行时was/were + being done 3、将来：一般将来时shall/will + be done 三、被动语态句式：略 （1）肯定：主语+be+过去分词+(by) The cars are made by them. （2）否定：主语+be+not+过去分词+(by)The cars are not made by them. （3）一般疑问句：Be+主语+过去分词+(by) Are the cars made by them? （4）含有情态动词的被动语态：主语+情态动词+(not)+be<原形>+过去分词+(by) 四、被动语态的用法： 1、强调动作的承受者eg. Her bike is stolen. 2、淡化动作的执行者（没有说明、没必要指出、不知道） Eg. This coat is made of cotton.这件大衣是棉制的。 3、动作的承受者是谈话的中心eg. The picture was drawn by a boy under eight. Step 3 Consolidation:巩固 五、主动与被动的转换：时态不变 A.主动中的宾语→被动语态的主语 B.谓语变成被动结构（be＋过去分词） C.主动中的主语→被动语态的宾语（介词by之后），主格→宾格 Eg. He cut down a tree.→A tree was cut down by him. 1、S+V+O
高中英语被动语态专项练习---有答案
被动语态专项练习 一、选择题（2×15=30分） ( ) a new library _____ in our school last year A. Is; built B. Was; built C. Does; build D. Did ; build ( )2. An accident ____ on this road last week. A. has been happened B. was happened C. is happened D. happened ( )（棉花）____ in the southeast of China. A. is grown B. are grown C. grows D. grow ( ) far, the moon ____ by man already. ? A. is visited B. will be visited C. has been visited D. was visited ( ) talk on Chinese history _____ in the school hall next week. A. is given B. has been given C. will be given D. gives ( ) many trees ____ this year A. are planted B. will plant C. have been planted D. planted ( ) lot of things ____ by people to save the little girl now. A. are doing B. are being done C. has been done D. will be done ( ) ___ this kind of computers______ --Last year. A. did; use B. was; used C. is; used D. are; used ( ) Great Wall ____ all over the world. A. knows B. knew C. is known D. was known ( ) _____ this book _____ A. did; written B. was; written by C. did; written D. was; written ( ) story _____ by Granny yesterday. A. was told us B. was told to us C. is told us D. told us ( ) monkey was seen _____ off the tree. A. jump B. jumps C. jumped D. to jump ( ) school bag ___ behind the chair. A. puts B. can be put C. can be putted D. can put ( ) people ____ well. A. looks after B. must be looked after C. must look after D. looked after ( ) teacher ______ carefully. A. should be listened to B. should be listen C. be listened D. is listened 二、用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空。（1×20=20分）(请注意时态和语态两 ．．．．．．．．． 个方面噢 ．．．．) 's said(据说) that the long bridge______________（build）in two months．
高中英语被动语态讲解与练习1
被动语态 一、被动语态的基本构成 一般时is/am/are + done (现在) was/were + done (过去) will/shall be done (将来) 进行时is/am/are +being done (现在) was/were +being +done (过去) 完成时have/has +been +done (现在) had been done (过去) 练习： 1) Visitors ___________ (request) not to touch the exhibits. 2) All the preparations for the task_______________(complete), and we're ready to start. 3) Look, a new cinema _____________(build) here now． 4) I _____________ (give) ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer. 5)By the end of last year, another new gymnasium ______________(complete) in Beijing. 6) A meeting ___________________(hold) when I was there. 7) Hundreds of job_____________ (lose) if the factory closes. 8) The news ____________________(send) to the soldier's mother as soon as it arrived. 9) The project ____________________(complete) before July. 10）He told me that his new clothes ____________________(make)very soon. 11）The baby ____________________(take care of) by the baby-sitter. 应该由保姆照顾 2. 被动语态的特殊结构形式 二. 主动语态与被动语态的转换 1. 主+谓+宾结构： Rowling wrote Harry Potter. ___________________________________________. The government supported the research. _____________________________________. No one has ever beaten her at tennis.________________________________________. We didn’t notice anything special in his work. __________________________________. 1.主+谓+间宾+直宾： His mother gave him a present for his birthday. _____________________________________________. My uncle bought me a new computer. _____________________________________________________. ______________________________________________________. Our teacher offered us many suggestions to reduce pressure._____________________________________. __________________________________________. 注意: 加to或者for She told me when the project would start. ______________________________________. 2.主+谓+宾+宾补： People call this team a cheer-leading squad. _____________________________________. 注意：在使役动词have, make, let以及感官动词see, look at, watch, notice,observe, hear, listen to, feel,help等后面不定式作宾语补语时，在主动结构中不定式to要省略，但变为被动结构时，要加to。Someone saw a stranger walk into the building.__________________________________. 3.表示“据说，相信，认为，期待”等动词后含有宾语从句的主动句变被动句，如； We know that he is the best dentist in the town. _______________________________________________. 重点拓展：It is said that… 据说,It is reported that…据报道，It is believed that…大家相信，It is hoped that…大家希望，It is well known that…众所周知，It is thought that…大家认为，It is suggested that…据建议。 三、谓语动词的主动形式表示被动意义 1.不及物动词的主动语态表被动意义。 （1）可用来表示主语内在“品质”“性能”的不及物动词：break，catch，clean，drive，lock，open，sell，read，write，wash等，常与well/ badly/easily/smoothly搭配。 １
英语被动语态用法总结(完整)
英语被动语态用法总结(完整) 一、单项选择被动语态 1．More than one worker ______ dismissed. A．have been B．are C．has been D．has 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 考查主谓一致和语态。句意：不止一个工人被解雇了。如果主语由"many a,more than one ＋单数名词"构成，尽管从意义上看是复数，但谓语动词仍用单数形式，故排除A和B，“工人”和“解雇”之间是被动关系，用被动语态，故选C。 2．________sco res of times, but Derek still couldn’t understand how to use past participle in a concrete situation. A．Having explained B．Having been explained C．Though it was explained D．It was explained 【答案】D 【解析】 因为有连词but，前面应是完整的句子，排除A,B; Though不能和but同时使用，所以选D。 3．—Have you heard about that school bus accident? —Yes, fortunately all on board including the driver ________. A．were saved B．was saved C．have saved D．has been saved 【答案】A 【解析】 考查动词时态和语态。句意为：——你有没有听说那起校车事故？——嗯，幸运的是，车上所有的人包括司机都获救了。由题干中的Have you heard...可知，事故发生在过去，且all 为主语，和save逻辑上构成被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态，故答案A符合语境。 4．The new library ________; it will be open next year. A．had been built B．was built C．was being built D．is being built 【答案】D 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：图书馆正在建设中；明年开放。根据后面一句可推知，图书馆是正在建设中，所以要用进行时，图书馆是被建的，要用被动。所以本句要用现在进行时的被动语态。故选D。
高中英语语法(2)-被动语态
第二章被动语态（一） 语态也是动词的一种形式，表示主语与谓语之间的关系。英语有两种语态：主动语态(active voice) 和被动语态(passive voice)。主动语态表示主语是谓语动作的执行者，而被动语态则表示主语是谓语动作的承受者。 一、被动语态的构成 被动语态是由助动词be加及物动词的过去分词构成，如果有必要强调动作的执行者，动作执行者可以由介词by引出的短语表示。助动词be随主语的人称、数、时态和语气的不同而变化。 A. 十种常见时态的被动语态 1. 一般现在时 主动语态：do 被动语态：amisare done We clean the classroom every day. 我们每天打扫教室。 The classroom is cleaned by us every day. 教室每天都由我们打扫。 Such songs are usually sung by girls. 这些歌通常是女孩子们唱的。 Russian is not taught in our school. 我们学校不教俄语。 Are many goods shipped abroad every day 每天都有许多货物运往国外吗 2. 一般过去时 主动语态：did 被动语态：waswere done We cleaned the classroom yesterday. 昨天我们打扫了教室。 The classroom was cleaned by us yesterday. 昨天教室被我们打扫了。 The window was broken by my son. 窗子是我儿子打破的。 Were many trees planted on the hill yesterday 昨天山上种了许多树吗？ How much money was stolen in all 一共被偷了多少钱？ 3. 一般将来时 主动语态：willshall do 被动语态：willshall be done We will clean the classroom soon. 我们很快要打扫教室。 The classroom will be cleaned soon. 教室很快要被打扫了。 The work will be done immediately. 这工作将马上做。 Will the school sports meeting be held next week？校运动会将在下星期举行吗？ When shall we be given a lecture on the Internet 什么时候给我们作有关因特网的讲座？ 4. 一般过去将来时 主动语态：would do 被动语态：would be done We told him that we would clean the classroom soon. 我们告诉他我们马上就打扫教室。 We told him that the classroom would be cleaned soon. 我们告诉他教室很快就会被打扫的。 He said that a new trade center would be built in the centre of the city. 他说一个新的贸易中心将在市中心建起来。 She asked whether their plan would be considered with great care. 她问他们的计划会不会得到仔细的考虑。
【英语】英语被动语态用法总结(完整)
【英语】英语被动语态用法总结(完整) 一、单项选择被动语态 1．The film “Schindler’s List”, was ________ by a real person, named Oskar Schindler A．inspired B．prompted C．rised D．insured 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】 考查过去分词。A. inspired鼓舞；B. prompted引起，提示；C. rised上升；D. insured确保。句意：电影《辛德勒的名单》的灵感来自一个真实的人，名叫奥斯卡·辛德勒。结合句意可知此处用被动语态，故答案为A。 2．It is the third time so far that such a festival ________ in my hometown. A．is held B．has been held C．will be held D．had been held 【答案】B 【解析】 试题分析：考查句式用法。This is the first (second, third…) time +that从句，这是第一（二，三…）次…。一般来说，This is the first (second, third…) time +that从句，这个句式中that从句使用现在完成时，但是这个句子中，so far距今为止，表示现在为止这个节日庆祝活动，还没有举办，要用将来时。故选C。 考点: 考查句式用法 3．The new library ________; it will be open next year. A．had been built B．was built C．was being built D．is being built 【答案】D 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：图书馆正在建设中；明年开放。根据后面一句可推知，图书馆是正在建设中，所以要用进行时，图书馆是被建的，要用被动。所以本句要用现在进行时的被动语态。故选D。 4．The plan for Xiongan New Area ______ officially on April 1, 2017. A．announced B．was announced C．announces D．is announced 【答案】B 【解析】考查时态与被动语态。句意：设立雄安新区的计划在2017年4月1日被官方宣布。计划是被官方宣布，故用被动语态；动作发生在过去，故用一般过去时的被动语态。故选B。 5．Please wear your best clothes on Monday, as your class photos ______ then.