人教版Book3Unit5Grammar同位语从句教案小猪佩奇
BOOk 3 UNIT 5 NOUN CLAUSES AS THE APPOSITIVE
Liu Yin
Ⅰ. Teaching Objectives
1. Know what the appositive clauses is and recognize appositive clauses.
2. Explain the differences between appositive and attributive clauses.
3. Use appositive clauses effectively in exercises.
4. Share interesting things about yourself, your classmates and your family members by using appositive clauses.
Ⅱ. Teaching important points and difficult points
1. Teaching important points
A. Students should know what the appositive clauses is and recognize appositive clauses.
B. Students can use the right connections in exercises.
2. Teaching difficult points
Students can tell the differences between appositive and attributive clauses and distinguish them. Ⅲ. Teaching Strategies and Methods
1. Teaching Methods: Task-based Methods, Individual and Cooperative Methods.
2. Teaching Aids: Blackboard, Computer-based Multi-media.
Ⅳ. Teaching Procedures
1. Review and Self-study
Step Two: Observe and study the definition of appositive
which part serves as an appositive?
1) Mr. Smith, our new teacher, is very kind to us. (A noun)
2) Yesterday I met Tom, a friend of my brother ’s. (A noun phrase)
3) The fact that ships can go there surprises many people. (A noun clause)
The definition of appositive:
An appositive is a noun, a noun phrase, or a noun clause which sits near another noun to describe or explain it in another way.
The definiton of appositive clause: the clause which acts as an appositive.
2. Cooperate and Find
The teacher introduces Peppa family and tells some interesting things about this family.
All the interesting things are described by appsitive clauses and students can cooperate with each other and find the rules.
A. Connected by that
1) Daddy Pig makes a promise to himself that this year he will take part in a running competition.
2) Peppa holds a firm belief that she can win the first place in the running competition.
3) Peppa made a Christmas wish that the whole family could have a holiday at the beach this Subject Clauses Object Clauses Predicative Clauses Appositive Clauses Noun Clause I don’t know who will help Henry to win the bet. His trouble is that he doesn ’t know anybody in London. What it was to become was a mystery.
summer.
Rules: a.that 在从句中不充当任何成分，无任何具体意思，只起连接作用，一般不省略。
B. Connected by whether
1) The family haven’t made a decision whether they will travel by train or by car.
2) Peppa has no idea whether the ducks eat carrots or not.
Rules: “是否”的含义, 则应该用whether引导。注意: if不能引导同位语从句。
C.Connected by wh-question words
1) Peppa and George haven’t settled the question who can have the first bite.
2) Mummy: Tomorrow is Peppa’s birthday. Have you got any idea how the party is to be held？
Daddy: I have no idea what we are going to do.
3)The family haven’t made a decision where they are going to spend the summer vacation. Rules: Wh-类连接词有词义，在句中充当成分，采取“缺什么补什么”原则正确选择。
D.The Usage of Subjunctive Mood（虚拟语气）
1) Daddy Pig puts forward a suggestion that the family (should) have a picnic next Sunday.
2) Daddy gave Peppa and George an order that they (should) brush their teeth every morning.
3) Petro’s leg is broken and doctors are mending it. Madame Gazelle’s proposal that the whole class (should) visit Petro Pony is welcomed by all the students.
Rules: advice, suggestion, proposal, request, order等同位语从句的谓语动词要用虚拟语气，即: ( should ) + 动词原形
3. Discuss and Compare
Students disscuss with their partners and compare the appositive and attributive clauses.
1) different functions
A. We are concerned about the news that Petro Pony’s leg was broken and the doctors were mending it.
B. We are concerned about the news that Madame Gazelle told us.
Rule: A contains an appositive clause which is used to explain the news or tell us what the news was. The news is that Petro Pony’s leg was broken and the doctors were mending it.
B contains an attributive clause which is used to modify the news or tell us who told the news. This attributive clause doesn’t tell us what the news is.
2) different use of “that”
A. Daddy Pig made a promise that he would buy Peppa a bike if she won the first place in the running competiton.
B. Daddy made a promise that excited his children.
Differences Appositive Clauses Attributive Clauses
different functions connection instead of antecedent “promise”
different meanings meaningless the same as antecedent “promise”
different roles acts no part acts as the subject,
when acts as the object, “that” can be left out.
可以跟同位语从句的名词主要是抽象名词，通常有news，idea，fact，promise，question，doubt，thought，hope，message，suggestion，word（消息），possibility等。
4. Share and Writing
Share interesting things about yourself, your classmates and your family members by using appositive clauses.
1)The idea that I am going to hold a birthday party for my mother excites her.
2)I have made a decision that I will catch up with my deskmate.
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18学年高中英语Unit2CloningSectionⅢGrammar_同位语及同位语从句教学案8
Section Ⅲ Grammar—同位语及同位语从句 语法图解 探究发现 ①We two, Mr. Lee and myself, had a talk privately. ②All the Chinese people, old and young, love our socialist country. ③Altogether Dolly lived six and a half years, half the length of the life of the original sheep. ④The fact that she seemed to develop normally was very encouraging. ⑤Then came the disturbing news that Dolly had become seriously ill. ⑥We'll discuss the problem whether the sports meeting will be held on time. ⑦I have n o idea who will be in charge of the company when the manager is away. ⑧The question why so many people would choose to live in the countryside but to work in the city is still under discussion. [我的发现] (1)以上句子中加黑部分是同位语。同位语可以由名词、代词、数词、形容词或从句来充当。句③是由名词短语作同位语；句②是由形容词短语作同位语；句④和句⑤是由that 引导的同位语从句。 (2)在主从复合句中作同位语的从句称为同位语从句。从句④－⑧可以看出，同位语从句一般用that,_whether,_who,_why等词引导。 (3)同位语从句常放在fact,_idea,_question,_problem,_news等抽象名词后面，说明该名词的具体内容。 一、同位语 一个名词或代词后面有时可以跟一个名词(或起类似作用的其他形式)，对前者进一步说
高中同位语从句专项语法习题
高中同位语从句专项语法习题 1.The fact ____ she works hard is well known to us all. A.that B.what C.why D.which 2.The fact ____ he was successful proves his ability. A.that B.what C.which D.why 3.The news ____ he was kidnapped surprised us greatly. A.what B.that C.why D.when 4.His suggestion ____ the meeting be delayed was turned down. A.which B.that C./ D.it 5.I have no idea ____ he will start. A.when B.that C.what D./ 6.I've come from the government with a message ____ the meeting won't be held tomorrow. A.if B.that C.whether D.which 7.The thought ____ he might fail in the exam worried him. A.when B.which C.what D.that 8.The order ____ the prisoner be set free arrived too late. A.which B.whether C.that D.what 9.The nurses are trying their best to reduce the patient's fear ____ he would die of the disease. A.that B.as C.of which D.which 10.He often asked me the question ____ the work was worth doing. A.whether B.where C.that D.when 1-5 AABBA 6-10 BDCAA
完整word版,同位语从句讲解及练习
同位语从句 ◆◆◆辨认同位语从句 在复合句中充当同位语的名词性从句称为同位语从句。一个名词（或其它形式）对另一个名词或代词进行修饰，限定或说明，这个名词（或其它形式）就是同位语。同位语与被它限定的词的格要一致，并常常紧挨在一起。 1. 名词作同位语 Mr. Wang, my child’s teacher, will be visiting us on Tuesday.王先生，我孩子的老师，星期二要来看我们。 2. 短语作同位语 I, the oldest girl in the family, always had to care for the other children.我，作为家里最大的女孩，老得照料家中的其他孩子。 3. 直接引语作同位语 But now the question comes to their minds, “Did she die young because she was a clone?”但是现在他们不得不思考这样的问题：“多利早死是因为它是一只克隆羊吗？” 4. 句子作同位语 The girls were surprised at the fact that ocean ships can sail up the Great lakes.巨大的海轮可以开到五大湖，让表姐妹俩感到吃惊。 ◆◆◆同位语从句用法 一、同位语从句一般跟在某些名词后面，用以说明该名词表示的具体内容。 I heard the news that our team had won．我听到了我们队获胜的消息。 ①可以跟同位语从句的抽象名词通常有news，idea，fact，promise，question，doubt，thought，hope，message，suggestion，words（消息），possibility等。（承诺信息主意是事实；疑问想法与问题；希望消息建议是潜力。） I’ve come from Mr. Wang with a message that he won’t be able to see you this afternoon．我从王先生那里来，他让我告诉你他今天下午不能来看你了。 ②在某些名词表“建议，命令，要求等”(如demand, wish, suggestion, resolution等)后面的同位语从句要用虚拟语气（即should+动词原形；should可省） There was a suggestion that Brown should be dropped from the team. 有一项建议是布朗应该离队。 ③同位语从句前名词的数：同位语从句前的名词通常用单数形式，并且往往带有限定词(word除外)加以修饰。 Where did you get the idea that I could not come？你在哪儿听说我不能来？ 二、英语中引导同位语从句的词通有连词that，whether,连接代词what，who。连接副词how, when, where等。（注：if, which 不能引导同位语从句。） 1. 连词that引导同位语从句（注：引导同位语从句的that不能省略） The idea that you can do this work well without thinking is quite wrong.你认为不动脑筋就能做好这件工作的想法是完全错误的。（作idea的同位语） 【注意】引导同位语从句的连词that通常不省略，但在非正式文体中也可以省去。 He grabbed his suitcase and gave the impression he was boarding the Tokyo plane. 他拿起了手提箱，给人的印象是他要登上飞往东京的飞机了。 2. 连词whether引导同位语从句（注：if不能引导同位语从句）
同位语从句专项讲解及练习含答案
同位语从句。 一. 同位语从句定义。 在复合句中用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句。它一般跟在某些名词/先行词后面，用以说明该名词/先行词表示的具体内容。 二. 同位语从句的名词/先行词。 1．可以跟同位语从句的名词/先行词通常有news，idea，fact，promise，question，doubt，thought，hope，message，suggestion，words（消息），possibility等（一般的“抽象”名词都可用）。 例：I’ve come from Mr wang with a message that he won’t be able to see you this afternoon． 我从王先生那里来，他让我告诉你他今天下午不能来看你了。 2. 在某些名词（如demand,wish,suggestion,resolution等）后面的同位语从句要用虚拟语气 例：There was a suggestion that Brown should be dropped from the team. 有一项建议是布朗应该离队。 3．有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在说明的名词/先行词后面，而被别的词隔开。 The thought came to him that maybe the enemy had fled the city． 他突然想起可能敌人已经逃出城了。 三. 同位语从句的引导词。 1.连词that引导，引导同位语从句的that不能省略，which不能引导同位语从句。 例：The idea that you can do this work well without thinking is quite wrong. 你认为不动脑筋就能做好这件工作的想法是完全错误的。 2. 连词whether引导，if不能引导同位语从句。 例：The question whether we should call in a specialist was answered by the family doctor. 我们是否请专家由家庭医生来定。 3.其它引导词引导，连接代词what,who,whom,whose，引导同位语从句。 1).I have no idea what size shoes she wears.我不知道她穿几号的鞋。 2).The question who will take his place is still not clear. 问题谁来接替他的位置还不是很明朗。 4. 连接副词when,where,how,why 引导。 例：We haven’t yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation. 到哪儿去度暑假，这个问题我们还没有决定。 四. 同位语从句与定语从句的区别。 1. 意义的不同。 同位语从句是用于说明所修饰名词的具体内容的，它与被修饰词语通常可以划等号；而定语从句是限制所修饰名词的，它的作用是将所修饰的名词与其他类似的东西区别开来： We are glad at the news that he will come. 听到他要来这个消息我们很高兴。（news的内容就是that he will come，故that引导的是同位语从句） We are glad at the news that he told us. 听到他告诉我们的这个消息我们很高兴。（that从句是限制the news的内容的，即我们高兴只是因为他告诉的这个news而不是其他的news，故that从句为定语从句） 2.引导词的不同。 what,how,whatever 等可引导同位语从句，但不引导定语从句。Which可引导定语从句但不引导同位语从句。3. 引导词的功能上的不同 that引导同位语从句时，它不充当句子成分，而引导定语从句时，它作为关系代词，要么充当定语从句的主语，要么充当定语从句的宾语。如上例that he told us中的that就充当told的宾语。 4. 被修饰词语的区别。
同位语从句讲解
初中英语语法同位语从句专项讲解与训练(一) 概念 一般来说，在主从复合句中,用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句。它通常跟在某些名词之后，用以说明或解释该名词表示的具体内容。可以跟同位语从句的名词通常有： advice, decision, fact, hope, idea, information, message, news, promise, p roposal, reply, report, suggestion, word（消息）， problem， question, doubt, thought等。例如： They were delighted at the news that their team had won. 当听到他们队获胜的消息时，他们欣喜若狂。 Where did you get the idea that I could not come？你从哪儿听说我不能来？ 有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在被说明的名词后面，而被别的词隔开。如： The thought came to him that Tom might have returned the book. 他突然想起汤姆可能已经还了书了。 （二）引导词 请仔细观察下列句子，注意从句引导词的用法。 1. The news that Mr. Li will be our new English teacher is true.
2. He hasn’t made the decision whether he will go there. 3. The question who should do the work is being discussed at the meeting 4. I have no idea what the boy is doing in the next room now. 5. We haven’t yet settled the question where we are going to spend our s ummer vacation this year. 6. I have no idea how I can get to the railway station. 7. I have no idea when he will be back． [小结归纳] ① that引导同位语从句时无词义，也不充当任何成分，但通常不可以省略，如句1； ② whether引导同位语从句时意为“是否”，通常不能用if来代替,如句2; ③连接代词who, what等可以引导同位语从句，如句3， 4； ④连接副词where, how, when等可以引导同位语从句，如句5，6，7。 (三) that 引导的同位语从句和定语从句 ①意义不同：同位语从句用来进一步说明前面名词的内容；而定语从句用来修饰、限定前面的先行词。试比较： 1. The news that our team has won the final match is encouraging. 2. The news that you told us is really encouraging.
同位语从句教学设计
Module 3 Unit 5 Canada—“The True North” Grammar: Appositive and Appositive Clause 圆玄中学邓蔚茹 一、学生情况分析及预设 高一(6)班为高一文科班，英语水平参差不齐，但是总体相对比较好，学习积极性较高，但课堂上的表现欲不强。学生不爱表现，教师所收到的反馈也就很有限，不利于课堂任务的完成及课堂的生成。因此教师要多发挥结对，小组的合作学习，提高学生的自信，主动配合，主动反馈，让老师及时能了解到学生课堂上的学习进度、接受程度来进行及时的调整。有部分同学的英语基础也比较薄弱，在任务设定的时候要考虑到他们实际情况。 二、教材内容分析 必修3，Unit 5的语法部分是同位语从句，新授课。 三、教学设计思路 同位语从句是英语中的四大名词性从句（主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句）之一，它不仅是高考的重要考点，也是我们阅读中经常遇到的语法现象，在写作当中如能运用同位语或同位语从句，能增加表达的丰富性及流畅性。课本所提供的练习材料的形式多样，能帮助学生了解同位语从句的基本概念并进行运用，对学生的写作有所帮助。但所提供的练习量稍显不足，同时未能结合本单元的话题给学生提供更多的背景知识及情景来运用语法。而这节课是同位语及同位语从句的新授课，有必要给学生提供更多的语言材料，让学生在课堂各项活动中体验同位语及同位语从句使用的效果，从理解使用同位语及同位语从句的必要性开始，通过各种形式的练习，逐步形成引导词，连词，语序等方面的正确清晰概念，进而发现并归纳相应的语法规则并进行运用，如在介绍人物、地点、书籍、电影、或者谈论新闻、个人想法、事实等方面能运用到同位语或同位语从句。 基于以上思考，我决定通过学习材料和活动任务设计两个方面，增加这节语法课的有效输入，达成“让学生充分感知语言，在模仿和套用的过程中掌握正确的用法，尝试运用这一语法项目，使语言表达更具丰富性及多样性，使语言表达更加流畅自然”这样的目标。因此，选材方面我主要是选取本单元话题内容（加拿大）为语法学习材料的主要话题，在应用巩固环节，设计贴近学生实际的话题，让学生有话可说并愿意表达。同时要求学生不要满足于表达基本想法，而是考虑在学习语法的同时，如何使用语法、提高自己的写作技巧、提高效能，在内容表达和思想深度上面有所进步。 而至于任务设计方面，主要是通过设计不同难度的学习任务，将个人自主学习与小组合作学习结合起来，循环上升地让学生充分的感知语法的功能并在充分使用这一语法项目进行表义的过程中对该语法进行有效学习和巩固。 四、教学目标 1．语言知识目标： 1) 学生能正确理解同位语及相关概念，理解同位语在句子中的功能。 2) 学生能套用句型，生成正确的包含同位语的句子。 3）借助相关话题的各种背景知识的输入，增加对加拿大情况的了解。 2．语言技能目标： 1)学生通过套用所给句型，能初步运用同位语表达较丰富及复杂的意义。 2)学生能模仿语言材料，写出基本正确的含有同位语的句子。 3．情感态度目标： 1)学生能积极主动参与语法运用任务，乐于表达与分享自己的思想，获得愉快的学习体验与成功感。
同位语从句——语法专题讲解
同位语从句——语法专题讲解
高中英语语法专题讲解 专题二、同位语从句 一、同位语从句概述 同位语从句是用以解释说明某一名词内容的从句，常见的可以被同位语从句修饰的名词有：belief, chance, doubt, hope, idea, news, opinion, thought, promise等。引导同位语从句的词有连词that, whether和副词how, when, where等。 二、同位语从句 （1）同位语从句是意义完整的陈述句时，用连词that引导。注：that在从句中不充当任 何成分，只起连接作用，通常不省略。 eg：I got the news that he would come to see me the next week. （2）同位语从句是疑问句时，应根据语境选用who, when ,where, how, whether(不能用if) 等词来引导。 eg：The question who is the best for the job requires consideration. （3）分隔式同位语从句：当主句的谓语较短，而同位语从句较长时，为了使句子保持平 衡，常把同位语从句后置。
eg：An idea came to him that he could buy her a diamond ring. （4）后面常跟同位语的词有：doubt, fact, hope, idea, message, news, possibility, promise, question, suggestion,truth,thought,warning,wish等。 ●注：advice, order, suggestion等词表示建议、 命令的词后的同位语从句中的谓语动词须 eg：He made the suggestion that the meeting(should) be put off. 三、同位语从句与定语从句的区别 （1）所表达的内容不同：同位语从句和定语从句一般是放在某一名词后面，但同位语从 句是对该名词的解释和说明，而定语从句 是对该名词的修饰，说明它的性质特征。eg：The fact that he presented was a strong proof. The fact that she hadn’t said anything surprised us all. （2）在句中所起的语法作用不同：引导定语从句的that是关系代词，它的作用是连接主
关于同位语从句的教学
关于同位语从句的教学 同位语从句是名词性从句中的一种，在教学的时候，如果我们仅仅按照教材中所提供的内容或者简单地举几个 例子的话，我们发现能够完全掌握同位语从句的同学很少。但是，如果我们对教学中和考试中出现的同位语从句进行归纳和总结，形成要点，分清层次，然后由浅入深地进行讲解，同学们就很容易掌握了。 要点一：明确什么是同位语从句和同位语。在复合句中名词性成分之后与该名词性成分并列，补充说明该名词性成分的有关情况的名词性从句，被称为同位语从句。同位语从句所修饰的名词即为同位语。用作同位语的词多为抽象名词，如：idea，chance，possibility，answer，reply，Hews，word(消息)，belief,message，suggestion，hope，doubt，problem，question,order，report，thought，wish，remark，information，truth等。同位语从句与所修饰的名词在内容上为同一关系，是对同位语的进一步解释和说明。例如：There is much chance that Bill will recover from his injury intime forthe race．该句中chance之后的从句为同位语从句，它是对chance的内容作具体的解释说明，而chance则为同位语。
要点二：掌握同位语从句中从句的引导词。同位语从句一般用连词that，whether，连接副词how，when，where等来引导(正which不能引导同位语从句)。如：The possi-bility that the majority of the labor force will work at home isoften discussed．该句中同位语为possibility，其后的同位语从句由that引导。但是，使用同位语从句的时候，遇到以下情况时要注意其引导词的区别： 第一种情况：当同位语从句所表达的内容肯定或意义完整时，用引导词that引导，that不充当任何成分且不可以省略。如：Nobody believed his reason for being absentfrom the class that he had to meet his uncle at the airport．该句中同位语为reason，class后的从句为同位语从句，该从句所表达的是reason的全部内容且意义完整故用that引导。 第二种情况：当同位语从句所表达的意思不确定时，即含有“是否”的意思时用引导词whether，不能用if。如：Ihave n0 idea whether our team will win the game tomorrow．该句中同位语从句所表达的意义不确定，应加“是否”的含义才能表达idea的全部内容。 第三种情况：如果同位语从句意义不完整，需要增加“什么时候”、“什么地点”、“什么方式”等含义时，应用when．where，how等疑问词引导同位语从句。如：Do youhave
同位语从句专项训练ss
同位语从句专项训练 一．判断下列句子是定语从句还是同位语从句。 1.The news that our team has won the final match is encouraging. The news that you told us is really encouraging. 2.The suggestion that is worth considering is that the students should learn something practical. The suggestion that students should learn something practical is worth considering. 3.The fact that he succeeded in the experiment pleased everybody． The fact that we talked about is very important． 4.Then he raised the question where they were to get the machine needed. Do you know the place where he was born? 二．请用适当的词填空，使下列句子意思完整。 1. They expressed the hope _______ they would come over to China soon. 2. The fact _______ he didn’t see Tom this morning is true. 3. Word has come _______ some American guests will come to our college for a visit next week. 4. He can’t answer the question _______ he got the money from his home yesterday. 5. Do you have any idea _______ is actually going on in the classroom? 6. The problem _______ we should have the meeting in the hall now must be decided at once. 7. I have no idea __________ he will be back． 8. He must answer the question ___________ he agrees to it or not. 9.Several years later,word came __________ Napoleon himself was coming to inspect them． 10. I have no impression __________ he went home, perhaps by bike. 三. 改错题。(每句都有一个错误) 1. Our team has won the game, that made us very happy. 2. I’ve come with a message from Mr Wang how he won’t be able to see you this afternoon. 3. He must answer the question if he agrees with what she said or not. 4. I’ve read the book where you gave me the day before yesterday. 5. One of the men held the pinion when what the book said was right. 6. The fact why she works hard is well known to us all.
同位语从句与定语从句的区别(很经典的区别,有配套练习与答案)讲课教案
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《同位语从句例句》 同位语从句例句（一）： 1、由whether引导的同位语 例句：We are not investigating the question whether he is trustworthy。我们不是在调查他是否能够信任的问题。 【注意】whether 可引导同位语从句，但if不能引导同位语从句。 2、由that引导的同位语 例句：He referred to Copernicus statement that the earth moves round the sun。他提到了哥白尼关于地球绕太阳转的说法。 【注意1】在某些名词(如demand， wish， suggestion， resolution等)后面的同位语从句要用虚拟语气。如： They expressed the wish that she accept the award。他们表示期望她理解这笔奖金。 【注意2】引导同位语从句的连词that通常不省略，但在非正式文体中也能够省去。如： He gabbed his suitcase and gave the impression he was boarding the Tokyo plane。他拿起了手提箱，给人的印象是他要登上飞往东京的飞机了。 3、由连接副词引导的同位语 例句：I have no idea when he will e back。我不明白他什么时候回来。 4、由连接代词引导的同位语 例句：Have you any idea what time it starts? 你明白什么时候开始吗? 5、关于分离同位语从句 有时同位语从句能够和同位的名词分开。 例句：The news got about that he had won a car in the lottery。消息传开说他中彩得了一辆汽车。 同位语从句例句（二）： 1。由that引导 1、We heard the news that our team had won。我们听到消息说我们队赢了。
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同位语从句专题训练 Document serial number【KK89K-LLS98YT-SS8CB-SSUT-SST108】
语法：同位语从句讲解及练习用适当的连接词填空： 1.It worried her a bit _____ her hair was turning gray. 2.I have no idea _____ we can do with these waste materials. 3.____the doctor really doubts is ____my mother will recover from the serious disease soon. 4.It is hoped ____ nature will never be destroyed. 5.___do you guess will give a talk on English tomorrow? 6.-- I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week. -- Is that ____ you had a few days off? 7. Word came ____I was wanted at the office. 8.Do you know ____of them will be our new headmaster? 9.The teacher didn’t tell me ____we were wrong. 10. It’s generally considered unwise to give a child ____he or she wants. 单项选择 1.It was true _____ Alice did surprised her mother. A. that B. what 2. Does ____matter much ____he can’t come to the meeting.
定语从句+同位语从句教学文案
定语从句+同位语从句
定语从句 定义：用来说明主句中某一名词或代词（有时也可说明整个主句或主句中一部分）而起定语作用的句子叫作定语从句。 一、关系代词引导的定语从句 1. 关系代词用来指代先行词，先行词可以是指人或物的名词或代词 ２．关系代词的用法 (1) 如果先行词是all, much, anything, something, nothing, everything, little, none等不定代词，关系代词一般只用that。 (2) 如果先行词被序数词和形容词最高级修饰时，关系代词常用that。
(3) 先行词被all, first, last, any, only, few, most, no, some, very等词修饰时, 关系代词用that。 (4) 非限制性定语从句中，不能用关系代词that,关系代词也不能省略。 There are about seven million people taking part in the election, most of whom are well educated. (5) which还有一种特殊用法，它可以引导从句修饰前面的整个主句，代替主句所表示的整体概念或部分概念。在这种从句中，which 可以作主语，也可以作宾语或表语，多数情况下意思是与and this 相似，并可以指人。例如： He succeeded in the competition, which made his parents very happy. (6) that可指人或物，在从句中作主语（指人作主语时多用who）、宾语，有时也可作表语，仅用于限制性定语从句中。 (7) 如果作先行词的集体名词着眼于整体，关系代词用which;若是指集体中的各个成员，则用who。 (8) 先行词有两个，一个指人，一个指物，关系代词应该用that。 (9) 如果先行词是anyone, anybody, everyone, everybody, someone, somebody,关系代词应该用 who 或whom，不用 which。例如： Is there anyone here who will go with you?（在这的所有人中谁和你一起去？） ３．“介词＋关系代词”是一个普遍使用的结构 (1) “介词＋关系代词“可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性定语从句。“介词＋关系代词”结构中的介词可以是 in, on, about, from, for, with, to at, of, without 等，关系代词只可用whom或 which,不可用 that 。 (2) from where为“介词＋关系副词“结构，但也可以引导定语从句。例如：
6同位语从句及专项练习
同位语从句 一、定义：在复合句中用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句。 它一般跟在某些名词后面，用以说明该名词表示的具体内容。如： I heard the news that our team had won．我听到了我们队获胜的消息。 I had no idea that you were here．我不知道你在这里。 二、常见的可以跟同位语从句的词（抽象名词）news，idea，fact，promise，question，doubt，thought， hope，message，suggestion，word（消息），possibility等。如： I’ve come from Mr. W ang with a message that he won’t be able to see you this afternoon． 我从王先生那里来，他让我告诉你他今天下午不能来看你了。 三、常见引导词 连词that，whether， 连接副词how, when, where等。（注：if, which 不能引导同位语从句。）如： l have no idea when he will be back．我不知道他什么时候回来。 He must answer the question whether he agrees to it or not. 他必须回答他是否同意这样一个问题。 My question how I shall get in touch with him has not been answered. I gave the girl a big doll, exactly what she longed to have. 四、有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在说明的名词后面，而被别的词隔开。如： Several years later, word came that Napoleon himself was coming to inspect them． 几年以后，有消息传来说拿破仑要亲自视察他们。 The thought came to him that maybe the enemy had fled the city． 他突然想起可能敌人已经逃出城了。 五、同位语从句与定语从句的区别。 1. 同位语从句与前面的名词是同位关系，即说明它前面名词的内容；而定语从句与前面的名词是修饰与 被修饰关系，即限定它前面的名词范围，或补充一些情况。如： The news that l have passed the exam is true．我通过了考试这一消息是真的。 （同位语从句，即从句所表达的意思就是前面名词的内容。） The news that he told me just now is true．他刚才告诉我的消息是真的。 （定语从句，从句对前面名词起修饰限制作用，即“他告诉我的”那个消息，而不是别的消息。） 2. 引导同位语从句的that是连词，在从句中不充当任何成份，而引导定语从句的that是关系代词，除起 连接作用外，还在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语等。如： The idea that computers can recognize human voices surprises many people. 计算机能够识别人的声音的想法使许多人感到惊奇。（that在从句中不充当任何成份。） The idea that he gave surprises many people．他提出的观点令许多人感到吃惊。 （that在从句中作gave的宾语。） 12.Many young people in the West are expected to leave __ could be life’s most important decision—marriage—almost entirely up to luck. A. as B. that C. which D. what 【答案】D （09山东） 13. The little girl who got lost decided to remain _________she was and wait tor her mother. A. where B. what C. how D. who 【答案】A remain是系动词，后加表语从句，由句意可知，从句缺地点状语，所以选A。（09安徽）