2019届一轮复习人教版必修一Unit 4 Earthquakes学案

2019届一轮复习人教版必修一Unit 4 Earthquakes学案
2019届一轮复习人教版必修一Unit 4 Earthquakes学案

Unit 4Earthquakes

[话题单词] 1.earthquake n. 地震

2.tsunami n. 海啸

3.explosion n. 爆炸4.emergency n. 紧急情况5.reaction n. 反应

6.crash v. 撞毁

7.panic v. 惊慌

8.recover v. 复原

9.threaten v. 威胁

10.unite v. 团结;联合11.attack v. 攻击;袭击

12.hit/strike v. 袭击;(灾难)突然发生13.hopeless adj. 无助的14.dramatically ad v. 剧烈地15.suffering n. 痛苦;苦难

[话题短语]

1.stay calm保持镇静

2.rescue work救灾工作

3.(a typhoon) hit/strike...袭击某地

4.return to normal恢复正常

5.an earthquake took place/occurred/happened in some place

某处发生地震

6.suffer from the natural disaster遭受自然灾害

7.overcome the difficulty克服困难

8.rescue...from拯救

9.trapped persons被困人员

10.be in ruins成为废墟

11.cause great damage/economic losses

造成巨大损失/经济损失

12.houses collapse/fall down房屋倒塌

13.wash away buildings,roads and bridges

冲走房屋、道路、桥梁

14.call on people to make donations呼吁人们捐赠

15.take on a new look呈现新面貌

[话题佳句]

1.In the past hundred years,there have been frequent natural disasters such as floods,droughts,and earthquakes.

在过去的几百年里,经常发生诸如水灾、干旱和地震这样的自然灾害。

2.After the earthquake only a few houses were left standing.

地震过后只有几幢房屋还立着。

3.Shortly after suffering from a massive earthquake and being reduced to ruins,the city took on a new look.

遭遇一次大地震并被沦为废墟之后不久,这座城市就呈现出一个新面貌。

4.In the earthquake that happened in Ludian County,Yunnan Province on August 3,2014,a large number of houses and buildings were destroyed,and some of them were almost in ruins,which caused great damage to the local economy.

在2014年8月3日发生在云南省鲁甸县的地震中,大量的房屋和建筑物被破坏,其中有一些几乎成为废墟,这对当地经济产生了巨大损害。

5.Nothing is so big that it is impossible to get over,and hurt only serves to make us stronger.

没有什么东西强大到难以克服,伤害只能使我们更加强大。

[佳作背诵]

4月20日,你省某市发生了强烈地震,造成很大损失,学校号召全体师生向灾区捐款。请你拟一份发言稿,在学校捐款动员大会上使用。发言稿主要内容应包括:1.对灾区情况的简单介绍(包括地震发生的时间、地点、造成的财产和人员损失等);

2.捐款的意义(帮助灾区人民渡过难关、帮助灾区重建);

3.如何捐款(自愿、多少不限、以班级为单位,收齐后交到学校红十字会)。

[佳作欣赏]

Dear teachers and students,

As we all know, a terrible earthquake happened in a city of our province on April 20, in which many buildings were destroyed and many people were injured.

In order to help the earthquake victims to go through the hard times and rebuild their hometown, the school has called on everyone in our school, including both teachers and students, to donate money to the earthquake-stricken area. This donation is voluntary. You can give away however much you want to. The money will be collected by each class before it is handed to the Red Cross Society of our school.

We hope that everyone will be kind enough to do what you can to help our fellowmen out of the difficulty.

Thank you.

一.高考单词→识记·思考·运用

1.核心词汇

①burst v i.爆裂;爆发n.突然破裂;爆发

②ruin n.废墟;毁灭v t.毁灭;使破产

③trap v t.使陷入困境n.陷阱;困境

④destroy v t.毁坏;破坏;消灭

⑤bury v t.埋葬;掩埋;隐藏

⑥rescue v t. & n.救援;营救

⑦damage n. & v t.损失;损害

⑧express v t.表达;表示n.快车;速递

⑨judge n.裁判员;法官v t.断定;判断;判决judgment n.判断

⑩injure v t.损害;伤害injured adj.受伤的injury n.伤害;损害

?frighten v t.使惊吓;吓唬frightened adj.受惊的;受恐吓的frightening adj.令人恐惧的?shock n.休克;震惊;打击v t. & v i.使震惊;震动shocked adj.震惊的shocking adj.令人震惊的

2.常考词汇

①congratulation n.祝贺

pl.贺词

②event n.事件;大事

③suffering n.苦难;痛苦

④disaster n.灾难;灾祸

⑤shelter n.遮蔽处;避身处;掩蔽

⑥sincerely ad v.真诚地;真挚地

⑦track n.轨道;足迹;痕迹

⑧nation n.民族;国家;国民

national adj.国家的,民族的

⑨useless adj.无用的;无效的;无益的

useful adj.有用的

⑩extreme adj.极度的

extremely ad v.极其,非常

用所给单词的适当形式填空

1.I got a rescue (rescue) call from a woman in Muttontown.(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)

2.It had white-painted tunnels and bright red carriages, and proved extremely (extreme) popular with the public.

(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)

3.Our generation once joined hands and stood firm at times of national (nation) emergency.(2016·北京卷)

4.Larry told her that she should not move in case she injured (injure) her neck.

(2016·全国Ⅰ卷)

5.The art world gave me a chance to_express (express) myself without words.(2016·天津卷) 6.Even in its current state, the Internet has extended my memory and judgment (judge).(2016·江苏卷)

7.A sudden stop can be a very frightening (frighten) experience, especially if you are travelling at high speed.(2016·浙江卷)

8.Many of the images were stored in the damaged (damage) wooden ship.

(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)

9.She encouraged a sense of community by creating shelters (shelter) and promoting education and services for people in need.(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)

10.The people trapped (trap) in high-rise buildings inspired Natalie most.(2016·北京卷)

?“天气及自然灾害”相关单词总汇

①disaster n.灾难;不幸

②earthquake n.地震

③drought n.旱灾;干旱

④eruption n.(火山)喷发

⑤thunder n. & v.雷声;打雷

⑥lightning n.闪电

⑦shower n.阵雨

⑧thunderstorm n.雷暴

⑨tornado n.龙卷风

⑩hurricane n.飓风

?typhoon n.台风

?tsunami n.海啸

?haze n.雾霾

?“破坏”家族

①damage n. & v t.损失;损害

②destroy v t.毁坏;毁掉

③ruin n. & v t.毁灭;废墟

?“adj. +-ity=n.”荟萃

①electricity电

②popularity受欢迎,流行

③reality现实

④similarity相似点

⑤security安全

⑥equality平等

⑦nationality国籍

⑧personality个性

⑨activity活动

⑩majority大多数

?过去式、过去分词仍是动词原形的不规则动词小结

①burst破裂;爆发

②cut切,剪,割,削

③hurt伤害

④broadcast播放

⑤cost花费

⑥set放置

⑦shut关闭

⑧split撕裂

⑨spread伸展,张开

⑩upset扰乱

二.重点短语→识记·思考·运用

1.be+过去分词/形容词+介词

①be buried in埋头于

②be trapped in陷入

③be proud of以……而自豪

2.介词+名词

①at an end结束;终结

②in ruins严重受损;破败不堪

3.其他形式

①dig out掘出;发现

②judging from从……判断

③right away立刻;马上

④think little/nothing of以为……没什么了不起

⑤a (great) number of许多;大量的

⑥as if仿佛;好像

用左栏所给短语的适当形式填空

1.Paul looked out the back window and saw the wolf standing over Mac’s bicycle as_if it were a kill.(2017·浙江卷)

2.They didn’t think_much_of it when they saw two cyclists repairing their bike on the side of the road.(2017·浙江卷)

3.When they returned to Rockaway the next day, they found their neighborhood in_ruins.(2016·北京)

4.Just wait a few minutes. We’ll be back right_away.

5.She was_trapped_in the burning house, which worried her parents.

“in+n.”表状态集锦

①in battle在战斗中

②in tears流着泪,在哭着

③in debt负债,欠账

④in place在合适的位置,适当的

⑤in danger在危险中

⑥in trouble/difficulty处于困境中

⑦in sight被见到,在视线之内

⑧in order秩序井然,整齐

三.佳句选粹——在解读中学懂,在仿写中学通

burst vi.爆裂;爆发;突然闯入

n.突然破裂;爆发

(1)burst in/into 闯入;突然破门而入

burst out 突然迸发;爆发

?

?

?

burst out crying/laughing

burst into tears/laughter

突然哭起来/笑起来

burst with anger/joy 勃然大怒/乐不可支

(2)a burst of 一阵……

①(教材原句)In the city,the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst.

在市内,有些建筑物的水管爆裂开来。

②(2016·北京卷)It is not surprising that young people are likely to burst out,particularly when there are reasons to do so.

年轻人很可能爆发,这一点也不让人吃惊,尤其是当有这样做的理由时。

③That balloon will_burst (burst) if you blow it up any more.

你再给气球充气,它就要爆了。

injure vt.损害;伤害

(1)injured adj.受伤的

the injured 伤员

(2)injury n.伤;伤口;伤害

do sb.an injury/do an injury to sb.伤害某人

①(教材原句)Two-thirds of them died or were injured during the earthquake.

他们中有2/3在地震中伤亡。

②The victim suffered a dreadful injury (injure) and lost a lot of blood.

受害者受了重伤,大量失血。

injure/wound/hurt/harm

He retired from the army because of being_wounded (wound) in a fight.Soon after

with an accident,where he was not injured (injure) luckily but was_hurt (hurt) to some degree.

他因在战斗中受伤退伍了。不久他遭遇了一次车祸,幸运的是他身体没有受伤,但在一定程度上心灵受了创伤。

④单句语法填空(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)These chemicals come from the injured (injure) parts of the plant and seem to be an alarm.

bury vt.埋葬,掩埋;隐藏;使沉浸,使专心

(1)be buried in=bury oneself in=be absorbed in 埋头于;专心于

be buried in thought 沉思

(2)bury oneself in study 埋头研究;专心学习

bury one’s face in one’s hands 双手掩面

①(教材原句)The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.

救援部队组成小分队,将受困的人们挖出来,并将死者掩埋。

②Ever since he moved there,he has_buried_himself/has_been_buried (bury) in his research work.

自从搬到那里以后,他一直在专注于研究工作。

③Buried/Burying_himself (bury) in his study,he didn’t know that all the others had left.

他埋头学习,不知道其他人都早已离开了。

表“专心于某事”的短语常见的还有:

be devoted to,be absorbed in,be addicted to,be lost in,focus on,concentrate on

at an end 结束;终结

(1)?????in the end 最后,终于

at the end of...在……尽头,在……末端by the end of 到……结束时,到……时候为止(常与完成时态连用)

(2)?????bring sth.to an end (使)结束,终止

put an end to (使)结束,终止come to an end 结束make (both ) ends meet 使收支相抵,量入为出;靠微薄收入为生

(3)end up with 以……结束

end up doing something 以做某事结束; 最后处于…… end in sth 以……结束

①(教材原句)It seemed as if the world was at an end! 仿佛到了世界末日!

②At first he refused to accept any responsibility but he ended up apologizing (apologize). 最初他拒不承认有任何责任,到头来还是道了歉。

③At_the_end_of (在……末)the meeting ,the general manager said in a loud voice ,“We’ve tried hard to solve the financial problem ,and in_the_end (终于) we’ve succeeded.So by_the_end_of (到……结束时) next week ,the bad situation will come to_an_end (结束) and everything will be all right.”

在会议快结束时,总经理大声地说,“我们已尽力去解决财政问题,我们最终成功了。所以到下星期末,这种不利的局面将结束并且一切将好起来”。

a (great ) number of 许多;大量的

??

???many

a great many a good many

a good/large number of +可数名词的复数+复数谓语

??

?

?

?much little

a good/great deal of a large amount of +不可数名词+单数谓语

??

???

a lot of lots of plenty of +可数名词的复数+复数谓语

+不可数名词+单数谓语

(large) amounts of +名词+复数谓语

quantities of +可数名词复数/不可数名词+复数谓语 a quantity of +名词+单数谓语 a mass of +可数名词的复数+复数谓语 a mass of +不可数名词+单数谓语 masses of +名词+复数谓语 a great deal 修饰形容词比较级

①(教材原句)Such a great number of people died because the quake happened while they were sleeping.

那么多的人丧生是因为地震发生在人们睡觉的时候。

②Large numbers of dead fish along the shore of river have_appeared (appear) in these days. 近几天河边发现大量死鱼.

③Quantities of/Masses of food were (be) on the table. 饭桌上有许多饭菜。

a number of.../the number of...

A number of teachers are (be) present today and the number of them is (be) 300. 许多教师今天都出席了,人数达到了300。

?

??

many a

more than one +可数名词单数+单数谓语

Thousands of families were killed and many children were_left without parents. 成千上万个家庭遇难,许许多多的孩子变成孤儿。

leave +宾语+宾补。leave 在此句式中作使役动词用,既有“剩下,留下”之意,也表示“使……处于某状态中”。在leave 的复合结构中很多词、短语等都能充当宾语补足语。

leave 作使役动词的用法:

leave +宾语+宾补

?????现在分词(doing ):表示动作正在进行

过去分词:表示动作被动和完成不定式(to do/to be done ):表示将来的动作

?

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?

?介词短语形容词副词表示状态 ①Never leave young children unattended (unattend) near any pool or water tank. 千万不能放任小孩呆在水池或水槽附近不管。

②We hurriedly ended our meeting ,leaving (leave) many problems to be settled. 我们匆匆地结束了会议,留下了很多问题等待解决。 ③The terrible disease left the old man very weak (weakness). 这场大病使得老人身体非常虚弱。

④单句语法填空(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)Leave it open (open) when you’re available to talk and close it when you’re not.

All hope was_not lost. 并不是所有的希望都破灭了。

(1)英语中的all ,both ,each ,every ,everybody ,everything ,completely ,always ,whole ,wholly ,entirely ,altogether 等具有总括意义的代词、形容词和副词与否定词not 连用,无论not 位置如何,均构成部分否定,表示“并非都”的意思。

(2)英语中的no ,none ,never ,nobody ,nothing ,neither no one ,nowhere ,no more ,no longer ,no way 等表否定意义的词(组)与肯定式谓语一起使用构成“全部否定”。

①Not both of the two math problems are (be) very difficult. 这两道数学题并非都很难。

②None of us was_allowed (allow) to go there. 我们全都不让去那里。

③Every boy is_not_interested (interest) in sports.=Not every boy is_interested (interest) in sports.

并非所有的男孩都喜欢运动。

新课标高中英语必修一unit4学案

Unit 4 Earthquake 1、shake v.&n. ①v t.&vi.(shook, shaken) 摇动;震动;颤抖; shake hands with sb /shake sb’ s hand / shake sb. by the hand 与…握手 shake one’ s head at sb 朝某人摇头(表否定, 怀疑, 悲伤, 不赞成等) shake with…. 因…..而颤抖 e.g.: a. shake with laughter, fear, rage, etc 笑得, 吓得, 气得……打颤 b. shake with cold 冻得发抖 shake one’ s fist at sb 向某人挥拳表示愤怒或恐吓. e.g.: a. shake the bottle before using. 使用之前请摇动瓶子. b. The earthquake shook the building. 地震使房子振动. ②n. [ c ] (多用单数) 摇动; 震动; e.g.: a shale pf the head 摇头 辨析: shake, tremble ,quake ①shake 为常用词, 表示短促而迅速地上下往来摇动. ②tremble 尤指身体因恐惧、激动或愤怒轻微、快速、不由自主地颤抖. e.g.: tremble with rage, excitement etc trembling hands 颤抖的手 ③quake 较为正式, 常同tremble ,但含“猛烈”的意思. e.g.: quake with fear/cold 因恐惧[寒冷]而颤抖. △quake n. (口) == earthquake 练习: The boy shook his mother’s hand. →The boy shook hand. 2、right away == at once / without delay. 毫不耽搁地;不可用于进行时态. e.g.: I’ll write to him right away. right now == immediately / in no time / in a moment / at this very moment / at present 立刻;在此时;在此刻. 在作“在此时”, “在此刻”讲时,可用于进行时态. e.g.: He’s writing a novel right now. 2、rise vi. (rose; risen) ①(太阳, 月亮, 星星等)升起;出现; == go up / come up 反义→set ②(物价, 东西等)上涨;上升; == go up / increase(vi.) 反义→go down / fall / drop rise to 上升到; rise by 上升了; ③(人等)站起来,起床,起身. rise to one’s feet == stand up 站起来 raise sb to one’s feet 把某人扶起来 early to bed and early to rise 早睡早起 n. 升起;升高;增加=increase give rise to sth 引起;导致; == cause sth / lead to / result in / bring about sth give sb a rise 给某人涨工资;提职; the rise and fall of the British Empire 大英帝国的兴衰 e.g.: a. The Sun rises in the east and sets in the west.

人教版高中数学版必修四学案 弧度制

1.1.2 《弧度制》导学案 【学习目标】 1.理解弧度制的意义; 2.能正确的应用弧度与角度之间的换算; 3.记住公式||l r α=(为以.α作为圆心角时所对圆弧的长,r 为圆半径); 4.熟练掌握弧度制下的弧长公式、扇形面积公式及其应用。 【重点难点】 弧度与角度之间的换算;弧长公式、扇形面积公式的应用。 【学法指导】 1.了解弧度制的表示方法; 2.知道弧长公式和扇形面积公式. 【知识链接】 初中学习中我们知道角的度量单位是度、分、秒,它们是60进制,角是否可以用其它单位度量,是否可以采用10进制? 自学课本第7、8页.通过自学回答以下问题: 1、 角的弧度制是如何引入的? 2、 为什么要引入弧度制?好处是什么? 3、 弧度是如何定义的? 4、 角度制与弧度制的区别与联系? 三、提出疑惑 1、平角、周角的弧度数? 2、角的弧度制与角的大小有关,与角所在圆的半径的大小是否有关? 3、角的弧度与角所在圆的半径、角所对的弧长有何关系? 【学习过程】 (一)复习:初中时所学的角度制,是怎么规定1角的?角度制的单位有哪些,是多少进制的? (二)为了使用方便,我们经常会用到一种十进制的度量角的单位制——弧度制。 <我们规定> 叫做1弧度的角,用符号 表示,读作 。 练习:圆的半径为r ,圆弧长为2r 、3r 、2 r 的弧所对的圆心角分别为多少? <思考>:圆心角的弧度数与半径的大小有关吗?

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