高中英语构词法精讲与练习
高中英语构词法讲解与练习
一. 类别：英语构词法主要有：合成法，转化法，派生法，混成法，截短法和词首字母缩略法。
二. 定义与精讲
1. 转化法：英语中，有的名词可作动词，有的形容词可作副词或动词，这种把一种词性用作另一种词性而词形不变的方法叫作转化法。
（1）动词转化为名词
①很多动词可以转化为名词，大多数情况下，意思没有多大的变化，Let's go out for a walk.
②有时意思有一定变化，如：He is a man of strong build.
③有的与一个动词和不定冠词构成短语，表示一个动作，Let's have a swim.
（2）名词转化为动词
①很多表示物件，Did you book a seat on the plane? 你订好飞机座位了吗?
②身体部位，Please hand me the book.请把那本书递给我。
③某类人的名词可以用作动词来表示动作，She nursed her husband back to health.
④某些抽象名词也可作动词。We lunched together.我们在一起吃了午餐。
3)形容词转化为动词：有少数形容词可以转化为动词。We will try our best to better our living conditions.
4)副词转化为动词：有少数副词可以转化为动词。Murder will out.(谚语)恶事终必将败露。
5)形容词转化为名词
①表示颜色的形容词常可转化为名词，You should be dressed in black at the funeral.
②某些形容词如old, young, poor, rich, wounded, injured等与the连用，表示一类人，作主语时，谓语用复数如下：The old in our village are living a happy life.
2.派生法：在词根前面加前缀或在词根后面加后缀构成一个与原单词意义相近或截然相反的新词叫作派生法。
1）前缀：除少数前缀外，前缀一般改变单词的意义，不改变词性；后缀一般改变词类，而不引起词义的变化。
（1）表示否定意义的前缀常用的有dis-, il-, im-, in-, ir-, mis-, non-, un-等，在单词的前面加这类前缀常构成与该词意义相反的新词。例如：
appear出现→disappear消失correct正确的→incorrect不正确的
lead带领→mislead领错stop停下→non-stop不停
（2）表示其他意义的前缀常用的有a-(多构成表语形容词), anti- (反对；抵抗), auto- (自动), co- (共同), en- (使), inter- (互相), re- (再；又), sub- (下面的；次；小), tele- (强调距离)等。例如：
alone单独的antigas防毒气的autochart自动图表
cooperate合作enjoy使高兴internet互联网reuse再用
subway地铁telephone电话
2）后缀：英语单词不仅可以通过加前缀构成新词，也可加后缀构成新词。后缀通常会改变单词的词性，构成意义相近的其他词性；少数后缀还会改变词义，变为与原来词义相反的新词。
（1）构成名词的后缀常用的有-ence，-(e)r/ -or (从事某事的人),-ese (某地人)，-ess (雌性)，-ful (一……)，-ian (精通……的人)，-ist (专业人员)，-ment (性质；状态)，-ness (性质；状态)，-tion(动作；过程)等。
differ不同于→difference区别write写→writer作家
Japan日本→Japanese日本人act表演→actress女演员
mouth口→mouthful一口music音乐→musician音乐家
（2）构成动词的后缀常用的有-(e)n (多用于形容词之后)，-fy (使……化)，-ize (使……成为)。例如：wide→widen加宽beauty→beautify美化pure→purify提纯
real→realize意识到organ→organize组织
（3）构成形容词的后缀常用的有-al，
-able (有能力的)，-(a)n(某国人的)，-en (多用于表示材料的名词后)，-ern (方向的)，-ese(某国人的)，-ful，-(ic)al，-ish，-ive，-less (表示否定)，-like (像……的)，-ly，-ous，-some，-y (表示天气)等。例如：nature自然→natura l自然的reason道理→reasonable有道理的
America美国→American美国的China中国→Chinese中国人的
gold金子→golden金的east东→eastern东方的
child孩子→childish孩子气的snow雪→snowy雪的
（4）构成副词的常用后缀有-ly (主要用于形容词之后表示方式或程度)，-ward(s) (主要用于表示方位的词之后表示方向)。例如：
angry生气的→angrily生气地to到→towa rds朝……，向……
east东方→eastward向东
（5）构成数词的后缀有-teen (十几)，-ty (几十)，-th (构成序数词)。例如：
six六→sixteen十六→sixteenth第十六four四→forty四十→fortieth第四十
常见词缀一览表
A、名词后缀
词缀含义例词
-er 人或工具teacher cooker
-or 人actor visitor
-ist ……者，……家artist communist
-man 人postman Frenchman
-(i)an 人；……国人musician American
-eer ……者，……家engineer mountaineer
-ee 受……者employee trainee
-ese ……地方/国人Chinese Japanese
-mate 有……关系的人workmate roommate
-ance 性质或状态appearance attendance
-ence 行为或性状difference independence
-ing feeling greeting
-tion education information
-sion television revision
-ment 行为的结果/方式development equipment
-age carriage marriage
-dom 状态；领域freedom kingdom
-ness 性质；状态happiness loneliness
-graph 文字；书写telegraph autograph（亲笔签名）
-hood 身份；地位；生活状况girlhood childhood
-ics 学科或某种活动politics physics
-phone 重视声音的工具telephone microphone（麦克风）
-ship 状态；身份；职务
friendship -mate 有……关系的人workmate roommate
-ism ……主义Marxism Leninism（列宁主义）
-ery discovery slavery
-al arrival
B、形容词后缀
词缀含义例词
-able 显示……性质或特点的
可被……的，适于……的comfortable suitable
-ible 显示……性质或特点的
可被……的，适于……的terrible horrible（恐怖的）
-al ……的，有……性质的national musical
-ant 有……性质的，人servant important
-ent 有……性质的different intelligent（聪明的）
-ary 有……性质的necessary ordinary
-ive 有……倾向的；有……性质的active native
-y 多……的，有巨……的easy cloudy
-ed （感到）……的excited disappointed
-ing （令人）……的exciting disappointing
-ese ……地方或国家的Chinese Vietnamese（越南的）
-ful 充满……的，具有……性质的careful beautiful
-ian ……地方或国家人的Asian Australian
-ish 像/有点……一样的selfish childish
-less 没有……的freeless, careless
-like 像……的godlike childlike
-ly 具有……性质或特点的；第……次的lovely yearly（每年一次的）-ous 具有……性质的famous desirous
-en 用……做成的woolen wooden
-some 易于……的；会引起……的troublesome tiresome（厌烦的）
-er 较……的happier luckier
-est 最……的happiest luckiest
-ory satisfactory
C、动词前缀
词缀含义例词
un- 不，非，无unimportant, unlucky
im- 不，非，无impossible
in- 不，非，无incorrect
ir- 不，非，无irregular
il- 不，非，无illegal
non- 不，非，无non-smoking, non-stop
a- ……的afraid, asleep
D、动词前缀
词缀含义例词
en/em- 使……变成；置于……上endanger, enjoy
dis- 不，非，无dislike disagree
mis- 误，错mislead misunderstand
re- 重新；又；再recall, rewrite
a- 使……arise（使上升）
E、动词后缀
词缀含义例词
-en 使变成richen, sadden
-ise/ize 使成为；变成memorize, computerize（用电脑储存）
- (i)fy 使成为beautify terrify
F、副词后缀
词缀含义例词
-ly ……地quickly immediately
-er 较……地faster harder
-est 最……地fastest hardest
G、其他前缀
词缀含义例词
anti- 反对，对抗anti-Japanese antitank
bi- 每……两次的/地bi-monthly bicycle
tele- 远距离的telephone television
ex- 前任的；向外ex-ife exclaim
fore- 预先；在前面的foretell forecast
pre- 预先prepare prefix（前缀）
post- 在……之后的postgraduate（研究生）
inter- 在……之间internet international
micro- 微小的microwave microphone
super- 超过supermarket
techn(o) - 与技术有关的technology
well- 适当地；完全地well-known well-written
self- 自己，自身，自我，自动self-service self-confidence
trans- 转移；移植transplant translate
kilo- 千kilometer kilogram
milli- 千分之milligram millimeter
co- 共同，同等co-operate co-education
tri- 三，三个tricycle tricolour
com/con/col/cor- 连同，一同conduct combine
multi- 多multiple
under- 在……下面；不足；次于underground underestimate（低估）over- 在……上面；过多overhead overwork
centi- 百分之centigrade centimeter
H、其他后缀
词缀含义例词
-self 亲自myself, oneself
-cent 百分之percent
-meter 米centimeter, kilometer
3.
4. 截短法(缩略法)：截短法，即将单词缩写，词义和词性保持不变，主要有截头、去尾、截头去尾等形式。
1)截头telephone→phone aeroplane→plane omnibus→bus
2)去尾
mathematics→maths co-operate→co-op
examination→exam kilogram→kilo
laboratory→lab taxicab→taxi
3)截头去尾influenza→flu refrigerator→fridge prescription→script
5. 混合法(混成法)：混合法，即将两个词混合或各取一部分紧缩而成一个新词。后半部分表示主体；前半部分表示属性。
news broadcast→newscast新闻广播
television broadcast→telecast电视播送
smoke and fog→smog烟雾
helicopter airport→heliport直升飞机场
6. 首尾字母缩略法：首尾字母缩略法，即用单词首尾字母组成一个新词。读音主要有两种形式，即各字母分别读音；作为一个单词读音。
very important person→VIP (读字母音)要人；大人物television→TV (读字母音)电视
Testing of English as a Foreign Language→TOEFL托福
三. 巩固练习
1. That man was ________enough not to tell the manager that he would not do the job.
A. care
B. careful
C. careless
D. carelessness
2. The soldier died for saving the child，so his________ is heavier than Mount Tai.
A. die
B. dead
C. died
D. death
3. The child looked ________at his brother who was badly wounded.
A. sadly
B. sadness
C. sadly
D. sad
4. He is an expert at chemistry. We all call him a ________.
A. chemistry
B. chemical
C. chemist
D. physician
5.The three- ________chair isn’t suitable for a yo ung child. He may fall off.
A. legging
B. legged
C. legs
D. leged
6. Stephenson became the________railway engineer in the world.
A. lead
B. leader
C. leading
D. leadership
7.When the teacher praised him for working out the maths problem，Jack looked________about at his classmates.
A. proud
B. proudly
C. pride
D. pridely
8.To everyone’s ________，the girl finished the job quite well.
A. satisfied
B. satisfactory
C. satisfying
D. satisfaction
9.—What are you doing here?
—Oh，my teacher asked me to write a passage about ________in English.
—You can write________passage in English?
A. 600 words；a 600-words
B. 600-word；a 600-words
C. 600 words；a 600-word
D. 600 words；a 600-words
10. No one should enter the spot without the________of the police.
A. permit
B. permission
C. permitting
D. permittence
11. You must come with us to the police ________.Our head is waiting for you.
A. headquarters
B. headline
C. headmaster
D. headache
12.Letting that animal escape was no accident；you did it ________.
A. intend
B. intention
C. intentionally
D. intentional
13. The shop owner welcomed all the guests with a________ smile.
A. practice
B. practice
C. practical
D. practiced
14. The________ordered him to pay a $100 fine.
A. judger
B. judgment
C. judge
D. judgement
15. My TV is out of order. Can you tell me what is the________news about Iraq War?
A. lately
B. latest
C. later
D. latter
16. The Great Wall is more than 6000 li in ________.
A. longer
B. length
C. long
D. longing
17.To my ________，I passed the exam easily.
A. joy
B. joyful
C. joyless
D. joyness
18. Canada is mainly an________country.
A. English-speaking
B. speak-English
C. spoken-English
D. English-spoken
19. How________ he is! He is always acting________. He is really a ________.
A. foolish；foolishly；fool
B. fool；foolish；fool
C. foolish；fool；fool
D. foolishly；foolish；fool
20. The necklace that she lost is very expensive. It’s of great ________.
A. valuable
B. value
C. valueless
D. unvaluable
21. There were________fish in the river in South America.
A. in danger
B. Danger
C. dangerous
D. dangerless
22.The letter “b” in the word “doubt” is________.
A. sound
B. silent
C. silence
D. sounded
23. The child looked at me________.
A. stranger
B. strangely
C. strange
D. strangeless
24.The black people were against slavery and fought for their________bravely.
A. free
B. freely
C. freedom
D. frees
25. What you said sounded________ but in fact it was untrue.
A. reasonable
B. reasonful
C. reasonless
D. unreason
26. We have to learn ________technology from other countries.
A. advance
B. advancing
C. advantage
D. advanced
27. The children live in a village ________.They come here almost every day.
A. nearby
B. near
C. nearly
D. near by
28.Mr Black is an ________in the army，not an ________in the government. You can not easily find him in
his________.
A. official；officer；office
B. officer；office；official
C. official；official；official
D. officer；official；office
29.You’d better give up smoking if you want to keep ________.
A. health
B. healthy
C. healthily
D. healthier
30.________ speaking，I didn’t do it on purpose.
A. Honestly
B. Honest
C. Honesty
D. Dishonest
[参考答案]
1-5 BDACB 6-10 CBDCB 11-15 ACDCB 16-20 BAAAB
21-25 CBBCA 26-30 DADBA
高中英语语法倒装句讲解与练习含答案
全部倒装 1.here,there,out ,in，up，down，now，then，away，over，off等副词位于句首时，后面句子用全部倒装。(1)There goes the bell. (2)Here comes the bus. (3)Now comes my turn. (4)Then followed three day of rain. 注意：主语是代词时，不用此倒装结构 (5)Out rushed the children.=The children rushed out.(Out they rushed主语为代词时句子不倒装). (6)In came the teacher and the lesson began.=The teacher came in and the lesson began. In he came and the lesson began.主语为代词时句子不倒装 2.表语和地点状语位于句首表示强调意义时，后面用全部倒装，当表示时间的副词或介词词组位于句首时，常常引起全部倒装，注意：主谓一致。 (1)In the distance was a small boat=A small boat was in the distance. (2)Under a big tree sat an old man smoking a pipe.= An old man smoking a pipe sat under a big tree. (3)They arrived at a farm house ,in front of which sat a small boy. (4)On either side were rows of fruit trees. (5)Early in the morning came the news . 3.在一些表示祝愿的句子中 Long live China. 部分倒装 1.only修饰句子的状语位于句首时，后面引起部分倒装。 (1)I realized that I was wrong.=Only then did I realize that I was wrong. (2)You can solve the problem in this way.=Only in this way can you solve the problem. (3)He could go on studying when the war was over.= Only when the war was over（状语从句不倒装)could he go on studying. 注意：only修饰句子的主语或宾语时，句子不倒装 (1)Only he can work out such a difficult problem. (2)Only him we could find in the room just now. 2.含有否定意义的副词或连词位于句首时，后面用部分倒装。 (1)seldom, not ,never，little，few，nowhere，rarely，in no way，in no case ，by no means, at no time，under no circumstances，on no condition注意：in no time为“立刻，马上”的意思 (2)Hardly(Scarcely)… when No sooner… than( No sooner后用过去完成时并倒装：No sooner had sb done ,than sb did.) (3)Not only…but also（只在not only句中引起倒装，不在but also句中倒装）
(完整版)英语构词法详解及练习
高中英语构词法讲解与练习 一.类别 英语构词法主要有：合成法，转化法，派生法，混成法，截短法和词首字母缩略法。 二.定义与精讲 1.转化法 英语中，有的名词可作动词，有的形容词可作副词或动词，这种把一种词性用作另一种词性而词形不变的方法叫作转化法。 1)动词转化为名词 ①很多动词可以转化为名词，大多数情况下，意思没有多大的变化，如： Let's go out for a walk.我们到外面去散散步吧。 ②有时意思有一定变化，如： He is a man of strong build.他是一个体格健壮的汉子。 ③有的与一个动词和不定冠词构成短语，表示一个动作，如： Let's have a swim.咱们游泳吧。 2)名词转化为动词 ①很多表示物件，如 Did you book a seat on the plane? 你订好飞机座位了吗? ②身体部位，如：
Please hand me the book.请把那本书递给我。 ③某类人的名词可以用作动词来表示动作，如： She nursed her husband back to health.她看护丈夫，使他恢复了健康。 ④某些抽象名词也可作动词。如： We lunched together.我们在一起吃了午餐。 3)形容词转化为动词 有少数形容词可以转化为动词。如： We will try our best to better our living conditions.我们要尽力改善我们的生活状况。 4)副词转化为动词 有少数副词可以转化为动词。例如： Murder will out.(谚语)恶事终必将败露。 5)形容词转化为名词 ①表示颜色的形容词常可转化为名词，如： You should be dressed in black at the funeral.你在葬礼中该穿黑色衣服 ②某些形容词如old, young, poor, rich, wounded, injured等与the连用，表示一类人，作主语时，谓语用复数如下，如： The old in our village are living a happy life.我们村的老年人过着幸福的生活。 2.派生法
高中英语语法精讲精练
高中英语语法精讲精练(一倒装句与强调结构 1._______ smoking, he would not have got cancer in the lung. A. Was he given up B. Had he given up C. Did he give up D. If he gave up 2. Only when he had done it _______ that he had made a mistake. A. he then realized B. did he realize C. before D. he realized 3. Not until he got off the bus ______ that he had got his wallet stolen. A. he found B. did he find C. he had found D. had he found 4. Hardly ______ when it started raining. A. the game had begun B. the game began
C. did the game begin D. had the game begun 5. Nowhere else in the world _____ more friendly people than in China. A. you will find B. can you be able to find C. you may have found D. can you find 6. ______ did the students realize they were mistaken. A. It was until B. It was not until then C. Not until then D. Not until 7. Not only ______ a promise, but he also kept it. A. did he make B. he made C. had he made D. he had made 8. --- What happened to his new car? --- No sooner _______ it than someone ran into it.
高中英语语法名词练习题
一、基础练习 1、T h e r e a r e o n l y t w e l v e______i n t h e h o s p i t a l.． A. woman doctors B.women doctors C.women doctor D.woman doctor 2、Mr Smith has two _______, both of whom are teachers in a school.． A.brothers-in-law B.brother-in-laws C.brothers-in-laws D.brothers-in law 3、——How many ______ does a cow have——Four. A.stomaches B.stomach C.stomachs D.stomachies 4、Some______visited our school last Wednesday.． A.German B.Germen C.Germans D.Germens 5、The_______ of the building are covered with lots of . A.roofs; leaves B.rooves; leafs C.roof; leaf D.roofs; leafs 6、When the farmer returned home he found three_______ missing.． A.sheeps B.sheepes C.sheep D.sheepies 7、That was a fifty_______ engine.． A.horse power B.horses power C.horse powers D.horses powers 8、My father often gives me ______ A.many advice B.much advice C.a lot of advices D.a few advice 9、Mary broke a ______while she was washing up. A.tea cup B.a cup of tea C.tea’s cup D.cup teas 10、Can you give us some ______ about the writer?． https://www.360docs.net/doc/c88259438.html,rmations https://www.360docs.net/doc/c88259438.html,rmation C.piece of informations D.pieces information 11、I had a cup of _____and two pieces of_____ this morning. A.teas; bread B.teas; breads C.tea; breads D.tea; bread 12、As is known to us all, ______ travels much faster than ______. A.lights; sounds B.light; sound C.sound; light D.sounds; lights 13、She told him of all her ___ and ____ A.hope; fear B.hopes; fear C.hopes; fears D.hope; fears 14、The rising _____have(has) a lot of ____to the crops. A.water; harm B.water; harms C.waters; harm D.waters; harms 15、How far away is it from here to your school?”----About ______ . A.half an hour”s driv e B.half hours drives C.half an hour drives D.half an hour drive 16、The shirt isn”t mine. It”s _____ . A.Mrs Smith B.Mrs” Smith C.Mrs Smiths’ D.Mrs Smith”s 17、Miss Johnson is a friend of _______. A.Mary’s mother B.Mary’s mothers’ C.Mary mother’s D.Mary’s mother’s 18、Last week I called at my _____Last week I called at my _____. A.aunt B.aunts C.aunt’s D.auntes’ 19、The beach is a ______throw. A.stone B.stones C.stones’ D.stone’s 20、I can hardly imagine ____sailing across the Atlantic Ocean in five days.
英语构词法讲解及专项练习
构词法Word Formation 在英语中，词的构成方式主要有三种：合成、转化和派生。 一、合成Compounding 两个或更多的词合成一个词。 方式：1. 直接写在一起。 2. 用连字符(-)连接。 3. 由两个分开的词构成。 ; (4)合成副词however, maybe, wherever, whenever, forever (5)合成代词whoever,, whatever, everyone, nobody, myself, something, anything, 二、派生Derivation 前缀
注意：-ese, -ian, -ist 既可以构成名词，又可以构成形容词。
； 三、转化Conversion: 指一个词不变化词形，而由一种此类转化为另一种词类或几种词类。 1. 名词和动词之间的转化 telephone电话——打电话, mirror镜子——像镜子一样反映, drink喝——饮料, record录音——记录, name, date, hand, study, 2. 形容词转化为动词perfect完美的——使完善 3.名词转化为形容词(副词) front前面——前面的 4.形容词转化为名词chief 主要的——首领 语法填空之构词法专项练习 1. The soldier died for saving the child，so his________（die）is heavier than Mount Tai. 2. The Great Wall is more than 6000 li in ________(long). 3. How________ (fool) he is! black people were against slavery and fought for their ________(free) bravely. 5. What you said sounded________(reason) but in fact it was untrue. thing you should do is to _____(large) your vocabulary. (honest)speaking，I didn’t do it on purpose. 8.Tianjin and Guangzhou were also found to be safe from_____ (legal) drugs. 9. As he tried to read a map, he drove off the road into a river ______ (luck) 10. Thunder and lightning happen ______________ (simultaneous).
高中英语语法精讲精练
高中英语语法精讲精练
高中英语语法精讲精练 (一) 倒装句与强调结构 (2) (二) 定语从句 (8) (三) 分词与动名词 (13) (四) 动词不定式 (19) (五) 情态动词 (25) (六) 虚拟语气 (31) (八) 名词性从句和状语从句 (37) (九)冠词、名词 (43) (十)代词、形容词和副词 (49) 答案 (55) 17
(一) 倒装句与强调结构 1._______ smoking, he would not have got cancer in the lung. A. Was he given up B. Had he given up C. Did he give up D. If he gave up 2. Only when he had done it _______ that he had made a mistake. A. he then realized B. did he realize C. before D. he realized 3. Not until he got off the bus ______ that he had got his wallet stolen. A. he found B. did he find C. he had found D. had he found 4. Hardly ______ when it started raining. 17
A. the game had begun B. the game began C. did the game begin D. had the game begun 5. Nowhere else in the world _____ more friendly people than in China. A. you will find B. can you be able to find C. you may have found D. can you find 6. ______ did the students realize they were mistaken. A. It was until B. It was not until then C. Not until then D. Not until 7. Not only ______ a promise, but he also kept it. 17
高中英语语法讲解与练习名词
二、名词 一、名词：具体或抽象的事物。 1)dog, boy, car, book, window, day 2)class, team, family, police 3)water, tea, milk, coffee, meat, gold 4)friendship, health, beauty, time 其中集体名词被当作一个整体时，要看作是单数，用单数的谓语动词。但当这些名词里的具体事物的各成员是被逐一单独考虑时，就用复数的谓语动词。 The football team is playing well.这个足球队踢得好。 The football team are having baths and are coming back for tea.足球队员们正在洗澡，然后他们就回来喝茶。 The family is a happy one.这是一个幸福的家庭。 My family are very pleased about the good news.这个好消息使我全家人都很高兴。Xiao Ming is a Chinese. 小名是个中国人。 The Chinese are brave and smart. 中国人很勇敢智慧。 二、难点：名词的复数 The thief’s wife killed a wolf with a knife and a leaf.
不规则变化： man→men男人woman→women女人 foot→feet脚tooth→teeth牙 goose→geese鹅mouse→mice鼠 ox→oxen公牛child→children儿童 单复数同形： deer，sheep，fish， Chinese，Japanese, yuan（注意西方货币有复数dollars, pounds） 只用复数的词： trousers裤子goods货物clothes衣物 glasses眼镜scissors剪刀people 人 有的名词既可以做可数名词，又可以做不可数名词。 glass 玻璃玻璃杯 paper 纸文件、试卷、报 重要提示： 1、单数可数名词永远不可以单独存在。 例句：牛在天上飞。 Ox is flying in the sky. × An ox is flying in the sky.√ Oxen are flying in the sky.√ 2、形如“num-n-adj”结构内的名词永远单数。此形式相当于一个形容词。 如：三米长three-meter-long 如果连字符，中间的名词不变复数式。 例：Amy is a seven-year-old girl. Amy是个7岁的小女孩。 三、不可数名词 不可数名词不能被a, an, many等直接修饰。但它们可以借助单位词表一定的数量。 如： a glass of water 一杯水 a piece of advice一条建议 a piece of paper 一张纸 四、可数名词和不可数名词各有其不同的修饰语 ①只修饰可数名词单数的 如a/an，one，another，either，neither，every，many a等。 I don’t like this book, give me another one.我不喜欢这本书, 请另外给我一本。Neither shoe feels comfortable.两只鞋都感觉不舒服。 An apple a day keeps the doctor away.[谚] 一天一个苹果, 医生不上门(比喻不生病)。 ②只修饰可数名词复数的 如these，those，few，many，a great number of，both，several及二以上的数词等。There are a few apples on the table. 桌子上有几个苹果。 There are few apples on the table. 桌子上几乎没苹果。 Were there many peopl e at the meeting? 有很多人到会吗?
高中构词法练习
构词法练习 Ⅰ.单项填空 1.That man was________enough not to tell the manager that he would not do the job. A.care B.careful C.careless D.carelessness 2.The soldier died for saving the child，so his________ is heavier than Mount Tai. A.die B.dead C.died D.death 3.The child looked________at his brother who was badly wounded. A.sadly B.sadness C.sadly D.sad 4.He is an expert at chemistry.We all call him a ________. A.chemistry B.chemical C.chemist D.physician 5.The three- ________chair isn’t suitable for a young child.He m ay fall off. A.legging B.legged C.legs D.leged 6.Stephenson became the________railway engineer in the world. A.lead B.leader C.leading D.leadership 7.When the teacher praised him for working out the maths problem，Jack looked________about at his classmates. A.proud B.proudly C.pride D.pridely 8.To everyone’s ________，the girl finished the job quite well. A.satisfied B.satisfactory C.satisfying D.satisfaction 9.—What are you doing here? —Oh，my teacher asked me to write a passage about ________in English. —You can write________passage in English? A.600 words；a 600-words B.600-word；a 600-words C.600 words；a 600-word D.600 words；a 600-words 10.No one should enter the spot without the________of the police. A.permit B.permission C.permitting D.permittence 11.You must come with us to the police ________.Our head is waiting for you. A.headquarters B.headline C.headmaster D.headache 12.Letting that animal escape was no accident；you did it ________. A.intend B.intention C.intentionally D.intentional 13.The shop owner welcomed all the guests with a________smile. A.practice B.practise C.practical D.practiced 14.The________ordered him to pay a $100 fine. A.judger B.judgment C.judge D.judgement 15.My TV is out of order.Can you tell me what is the________news about Iraq War? https://www.360docs.net/doc/c88259438.html,tely https://www.360docs.net/doc/c88259438.html,test https://www.360docs.net/doc/c88259438.html,ter https://www.360docs.net/doc/c88259438.html,tter 16.The Great Wall is more than 6000 li in ________. A.longer B.length C.long D.longing 17.To my ________，I passed the exam easily. A.joy B.joyful C.joyless D.joyness 18.Canada is mainly an________country. A.English-speaking B.speak-English C.spoken-English D.English-spoken 19.How________ he is! He is always acting________.He is really a ________.
高中英语构词法教案
高中英语构词法 1、合成法 将两个或两个以上的单词合成在一起而构成的新词，叫做合成词。 方式：1. 直接写在一起。 2. 用连字符(-)连接。 3. 由两个分开的词构成。（1）合成形容词 ①名词+现在分词例：English-speaking 讲英语的，south-facing 朝南的 ②名词+过去分词例：man-made 人造的，water-covered 被水覆盖的 ③名词+形容词例：snow-white 雪白的，day-long 整天的 ④形容词+名词+-ed 例：warm-hearted 热情的，kind-hearted 好心肠的 ⑤形容词/副词+现在分词例：good-looking 好看的 funny-looking 滑稽的 ⑥副词+过去分词例：well-known 出名的,deep-set(眼睛）深陷的 ⑦副词/形容词+名词例：right-hand 右手的，full-time 专职的 ⑧数词+名词例：100-meter 100米的，million-pound 百万英镑的 ⑨数词+名词+形容词例：180-foot-high 180英寸高的，10-year-old 10岁的 ⑩数词+名词+-ed 例：four-footed/legged 四脚的，one-eyed 独眼龙的 （2）合成名词 ①名词+名词例：weekend 周末，classroom 教室，bookshop 书店 ②形容词/介词+名词例：gentleman 绅士，loudspeaker 扬声器 ③动词+名词例：typewriter 打字机，cookbook 烹调书 ④名词+动词例：daybreak 破晓，toothpick 牙签 ⑤动词-ing形式+名词例：reading-room 阅览室，sleeping-car 卧车车厢 ⑥副词+动词例：outbreak 爆发，downpour 倾盆大雨 ⑦名词+动名词例：handwriting 笔迹，sun-bathing 日光浴 ⑧名词+in+名词例：mother-in-law 岳母，brother-in-law 姐夫 （3）合成动词 ①副词+动词例：overthrow 推翻，understand 理解 ②形容词+动词例：broadcast 广播，whitewash 粉刷 ③名词+动词例：typewrite 打字，sleepwalk 梦游 （4）合成副词 ①介词+名词例：underfoot 脚下，beforehand 事先
高中英语语法专题精讲精练-动名词解析
动名词 《语法讲解》 一、动名词的句法功能 动名词具有名词的性质，因此在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语等。(一)、作主语 1）直接位于句首做主语。 Reading is an art. 读书是一种艺术。 Climbing mountains is really fun. 爬山真是有趣。 〖注意〗：动名词做主语时，谓语动词为单数 2）用it 作形式主语，把动名词(真实主语)置于句尾作后置主语。 It is no use/no good crying over spilt milk. 覆水难收 It is fun playing with children. 和孩子们一起玩真好。 式）。 3）动名词的复合结构作主语 当动名词有自己的逻辑主语时，常可以在前面加上一个物主代词或名词所有格，构成动名词的复合结构。动名词的复合结构也可以在句中作主语。例如：Their coming to help was a great encouragement to us. 他们前来帮忙对我们来说是极大的鼓舞。 Lao Li’s going there won’t be of much help. 老李去不会有多大帮助。 （二）、作宾语 （1）作动词的宾语 *某些动词后出现非限定性动词时只能用动名词作宾语，不能用不定式。常见的此类动词有：advise, suggest, allow, permit, avoid, consider, enjoy, finish, cannot help, imagine, include, keep, keep on, mind, miss, delay, practise, resist, postpone(推迟)，deny(否认), appreciate (欣赏，感激), escape, excuse, pardon, can’t stan d, put off, give up等。如： Would you mind opening the window?吧窗户打开好吗？ She suggested going to the Great Wall for the spring outing. 她建议去长城春游。 Seeing the picture, he couldn’t help laughing. 看了这幅画，他禁不住大笑起来。*在下面这种结构中也可以用动名词（短语）做宾语：find/think/consider… + it （形式宾语）+ no use/no good/useless… + v.ing（真正宾语）. I found it pleasant walking along the seashore. 在海滩上走真是乐事。 Do you consider it any good trying again? 你认为再试一次有好处吗？ *形容词worth后也可接动名词，作为复合谓语的宾语。 The music is well worth listening to more than once. 这种曲子很值得多听几遍。（2）作介词的宾语 *能接动名词的短语有：think of/about, dream of/about, hear of, prevent/keep/stop…from…, depend on, set about, succeed (in), worry about, burst out,
2021-2022年高考英语语法精讲精练专题八动词的时态和语态
2021年高考英语语法精讲精练专题八动词的时态和语态动词的时态和语态是高考必考考点。时态（tense）是一种动词形式，同一动词的不同变化形式表达不同的时态，英语中有16种时态。《xx年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲》附录语法项目表中对于时态列了十项：（1）一般现在时（2）一般过去时（3）一般将来时（4）现在进行时（5）过去进行时（6）过去将来时（7）将来进行时（8）现在完成时（9）过去完成时（10）现在完成进行时；此外还列了被动语态，并将其作为单独一项。 xx年高考全国卷Ⅰ第61题（语法填空）考查了动词arrive的一般过去时arrived；第71题（短文改错）考查了think变为过去时thought；第75题（短文改错）考查了被动语态，删掉been；第79题（短文改错）考查了将动词过去时的found变为现在时的find。 xx年高考全国卷Ⅰ第62题（语法填空）考查了allow的一般过去时的被动语态was allowed；第74题（短文改错）考查了将过去时had变为现在时的have；77题（短文改错）考查了将using变为被动used。 xx年高考全国卷Ⅰ第64题（语法填空）考查了remove的一般现在时的被动语态are removed；第74题（短文改错）考查了将动词goes变成一般过去时went。 各种时态构成表：（以do为例）
一、一 般现在时：动词原形或第三人称单数 1．构成：使用动词原形，第三人称单数须有变化。 （1）直接加“s”：work→works，take→takes （2）以辅音加“y”结尾，变“y”为“i”，再加“es”：car ry→carries （3）以“o, s, x, ch, sh”结尾的动词加“es”：go→goes，dress→dresses，watch→watches， finish→finishes
高中英语语法习题及答案
高中英语语法练习题-高考精粹 1. Ms Nancy didn't mind at all ______ to the ceremony. A. being not invited B. not being invited C. not inviting D. not to be invited 2. "_____ your meeting is!" he offered them his sincere congratulations. A. How a great success B. What a great success C. How great success D. What great success 3. We must remember that _____fashion is not the most important thing in _______ life. A. /; the B. /; / C. the; / D. the; the 4. It _____ quite a few years _____ the accused was declared innocent and set free. A. was; since B. is; that C. will be; when D. was; before 5. The professor said he could talk on _____ interested the audience. A. any topic B. which topic C. whichever topic D. the topic he thought it 6.Under no circumstance _____ to tell lies to parents. A. children are allowed B. are children allowed C. children will allow D. will children allow 7.Modern science and technology has _____ communication between people far apart. A. made convenient B. made it convenient C. made it convenient for D. made it convenient to 8.I heard that you really had a wonderful time at John's birthday party, _____? A. didn't I B. didn't you C. hadn't you D. will you 9.The great use of school education is not so much to teach you things _____ to teach you the art of learning. A. as B. that C. than D. but 10.No matter how frequently _____ the works of Beethoven always attract a large number of people.
重要!必做!构词法练习
构词法练习（1）（易） 1.I wrote him a letter to show my ________( appreciate )of his thoughtfulness. 2.The first tomb was built at the _____(begin) of the 15th century. 3.Painting is a ______(create) process. 4.For our homework tonight, we have to write a _____( describe) of the street where we live. 5.The _____ (discover) of gold on their land made the people rapidly rich. 6.I’d just like to ____(emphasis) how important it is for people to learn foreign languages. 7.My grandfather is as __(energy) as a young man and hates sitting around doing nothing at all. 8.The first lesson was very _______(enjoy)----I liked it a lot! 9.These discoveries proved the ______(exist)of a human species who lived in the area between 700,000 and 200,000 years ago. 10. A smile is the universal ___________(face) expression---it is intended to put people at ease. 11. Those who change mobile phones frequently will pay a heavy price for being ________________(fashion). 12. The committee is discussing the problem right now. It will _______(hope) have been solved by the end of next week. 13. The accused man proved his __________(innocent)of the crime. 14. The government’s new scheme is designed to help the _________(job). 15. The days start to __________(long) in March. 16. __________(Luck), Peter didn’t get the job. 17. The old man had no child so he suffered a lot from _________(lonely) 18. Stop your ______________(mean) chatter, boys. You are wasting time. 19. How lucky he was! He won the lottery(彩票) and now he is a __________(million). 20. They had the ___________(fortune) to be hit by a violent storm. 21. He lives in a __________ (mountain) district，where traffic is extremely inconvenient. 22. I am so full that I couldn’t eat another ____________(mouth). 23. We must pay special attention to the ___________(mystery) stranger. 24. Try to act ____________(nature) , even if you are tense. 25. Public spending ___________(necessary) affects the economy. 26. After the race, I felt my heart beating ___________(violence). 27. The baby was sleeping __________(peace). 28. He showed us ___________(person) around the factory. 29. It gives me great _________(please) to welcome our speaker. 30. _________(Polite) costs nothing and gains everything. 31. The ____________(popular) of professional sports has been increasing steadily. 32. You’ll have a ____________(profession) photographer with you to take photographs. 33. She has the right ____________(qualify) for the job. 34. Large ___________(quantity) of fish have been caught. 35. We shouldn’t have __________(race) discrimination. 36. The price of this dress is ____________(reason). I can’t afford it. 37. Easter is an important __________(region) and social festival in Christian countries. 38. It goes without ________(say) that the proposal will be accepted. 39. I left eleven years later, with my school leaving certificate, and a _(scholar) to study at Oxford. 40. During _________(science) experiments, she explains exactly what is happening and as a result my work is improving. 41. There is no __________(similar) between Tom and me. 42. His bad behavior cost his mother many __________(sleep) nights. 43. Anger left him __________(speech). 44. It was a race against time to stop people dying from ___________ (starve). 45. Difficulties __________(strong) the mind, as labor does the body.