冠词专项练习附答案解析

冠词专项练习附答案解析第一节知识梳理

一、冠词的读音

1. a [?]

辅音音素开头的名词前

例：a pear; a teacher; a useful tool; a university;

2. an [?n]

元音音素开头的名词前/以元音音素开头的单个字母前

例：an old man; an apple; an honest girl; an L; an S;

3. the [e?:] 辅音音素前

例：the lady; the time; the sun

4. t he [ei] 元音音素前

例：the other; the egg; the English book; the MVP

二、冠词的用法

1.不定冠词a/an的用法

(1)泛指用法

泛指的对象是不能具体确定的，具有典型特征的.

不定冠词a/an与单数名词连用表示泛指物种，身份，职业，特征，属性等.

例：A tiger is a dangerous animal.老虎是危险的动物.

He is a teacher.他是个老师.

A nurse should be patient.护士应该有耐心.

This is an apple.这是一个苹果.

(2)量指用法

不定冠词a/an具有数词意义，表示“一个”,有度量的功能，相当于one.

例：a year一年;

a new coat一件新外套;

an apple一个苹果;

ten dollars a day十美元一天;

half an hour半小时

2.定冠词the的用法

(1)特指用法：

①听说双方都具有的一般常识

例：the earth 地球;

the sky天空;

the moon 月亮

例外：像world, earth, sun, moon, sky, universe等独一无二的事物名词前通常不用冠词，但前面有形容词修饰，表示“一个...的...”时，可用不定冠词.

例：a red sun 一轮红日

a new world 一个新世界

a new moon 一轮新月

②听说双方限定范围内的具体知识

例：the market超市;

the canteen食堂;

the library图书馆

③听说双方在即时情景中看到或者听到的

例：Can you find the page？你找到这一页了吗？

These are the books.就是这些书.

④直接前指：前文已经提到的事物再次被提到时

例：I had an apple. I gave the apple to her.

我有一个苹果，我把这苹果给了她.

A policeman came in. The police man looked around.

一个警察进来了, 这个警察环视四周.

⑤间接前指：与前文提到的事物有紧密联系的事物

例：I went to Shijiazhuang last week. The fog is awful.

我上周去了石家庄，那雾太可怕了.

I don’t want to have lunch in our canteen. The food is not good.

我不想在食堂吃饭，那饭太难吃了.

⑥后置特指：带有后置定语的,表达特定概念的名词

例：The apple that you gave me is so good.

你给我的苹果太棒了.

The monitor of our class我们班的班长

the boat on the river河面上的船

(2)泛指用法

①定冠词the与单数名词连用表示泛指

例：The tiger is a dangerous animal.

老虎是一种危险的动物.

The whale is the largest mammal on earth.

鲸是地球上最大的哺乳动物.

②定冠词the用于某些形容词或者分词前，

例：即“the+形容词”可泛指一类人，常被看成是复数名词

the poor穷人;

the rich富人;

the blind盲人

③定冠词the用于表示国籍或者民族的形容词前，表示一个国籍的，一个种族集团的人.但国籍名词仅限于以-ese,-sh,-ch结尾的词

例：the Japanese日本人;

the Chinese中国人;

the English英国人;

the French法国人;

the Dutch荷兰人

(3)定冠词the的其他用法

①形容词的最高级，序数词，年代前以及only用作形容词加名词连用时，前面要加the

例：the most beautiful flower最美丽的花

This is the first time.这是第一次.

the only way to solve the problem唯一解决办法

in the 1990s 20世界90年代

例外：当序数词不强调顺序，而是表示在原来的基础上增加，即“又，还，再”时，用不定冠词.

例：Can you give me a second chance,please?

你能再给我一次机会吗？

The cakes are delicious. He'd like to have a third one because the second one is rather too s mall. 蛋糕很美味.他还想再吃一块，因为第二块太小了.

②在乐器，乐团前面要加the

例：the Beatles披头士乐队；

play the guitar弹吉他；

learn the piano学钢琴

③表示全家人或夫妻二人时，复数的姓氏前面要加the

例：the Smiths史密斯一家；

the Bushes布什一家

④江、河、湖泊、海、山脉、群岛、方位等地理名称前面要加定冠词the

例：the Alps阿尔卑斯山；

the Red Sea红海；

the Pacific Ocean太平洋；

in the east在东方

例外：含Mount，Lake，Cape等词的孤岛，独山等不用加the.

Hai nan Island海南岛； Mount Everest珠峰

⑤普通名词组成的专有名词前面要加定冠词the,

包括国家，机构，建筑，报刊等.

例：the United States美国；

the United Nation联合国；

the Great Wall长城；

the Times泰晤士报

⑥历史时期，朝代，军队前要加the

例：the Stone Age石器时代；

The Tang Dynasty唐朝；

the Air Force空军

⑦用于发明物的单数名词前

例：Thomas Edison invented the electric lamp.

托马斯爱迪生发明了电灯.

⑧用于by后，表示计量的单数名词前面

例：The egg was sold by the kilo.鸡蛋按千克卖；

He is paid by the hour.他的报酬是按小时结账的.

3.零冠词的用法

①非普通名词组成的专有名词前，人称，街道广场，车站机场，大学，杂志等专有名词前不加冠词

我来自中国北京，他来自西班牙巴萨.

John is 20 years old.约翰20岁了.

Wall Street华尔街；

Tian’anmen Square天安门广场；

Beijing Railway Station北京火车站；

Oxford University 牛津大学；

Times 时代周刊

例外：专有名词普通化的时候，不定冠词可以用于专有名词前，表示某个时期或具有某种特征的人或物.此时，专有名词常用前置修饰性定语.

例： In four minutes he was met by an anxious Miss Cramb.

四分钟之后，焦急的克朗姆小姐向他迎来.

She is now a different Miss Nancy from what she was when she was my neighbor.

她现在已不是与我为邻时的那个南希小姐了.

②表种类的物质名词，抽象名词前不加冠词

例：I don’t like coffee，I like tea.

我不喜欢咖啡，我喜欢茶.

Failure is the mother of success.

失败是成功之母.

物质名词的例外：不定冠词可以用在某些物质名词前表示“一种、一类、一份、一场、一阵“

例：That’s a green tea. 那是一种绿茶.

They were caught in a heavy rain. 他们淋了一场大雨.

Being able to afford a drink would be a in those tough times.

在困难时期，能够付得起一杯饮料的钱是一份安慰.

抽象名词的例外：抽象名词前一般不用任何冠词，但表示“具体意义的人或事”时是可数名词，其前用不定冠词.

例：a surprise一件预料之外的事；

a pity /shame一件令人遗憾的事；

a success一件成功的事或一个成功的人；

a pleasure一件快乐的事；

a time一段时间；

This book is a great success.这个书是很大的成功.

He is a success as a writer.他是一个很成功的作家.

He is a great help to me. 他给了我很大帮助.

③不可数名词表示泛指时不加冠词

例：Life is beautiful.

生活是美好的.

Air and water are needful for living things.

空气和水是生物不可缺少的东西.

④复数名词表示泛指时不加冠词

例：Tigers are dangerous animals.

老虎是危险的动物.

Bananas are yellow.

香蕉是黄色的.

⑤星期，月份，年份，节假日，季节名词前不加冠词

例：Sunday周日, Monday周一;

May五月, March三月;

National Day国庆节

spring春，summer夏，autumn秋，winter冬

例外:当季节是特指时,也要加定冠词the

the Mid-Autumn Festival中秋节,

the Spring Festival春节，

⑥球类，棋牌类等体育活动不加冠词

例：play basketball打篮球;

play football踢足球;

play cards玩牌

⑦三餐之前不加冠词

例：have breakfast吃早饭;

have lunch吃午饭;

have dinner/supper吃晚饭

例外：如果季节、月份、星期和三餐有定语修饰时, 也要加冠词，

例：the spring of 1998 1998年的春天

a hard winter一个严寒的冬天

After a quick breakfast, she went to school by bike.很快地吃完早餐后，她骑自行车去上学了.

We had a cold winter last year.去年，我们度过了一个寒冷的冬天.

⑧语言名称，学科，疾病名词前不加冠词

例：study English学英语;

speak Chinese说汉语；

I don't like math.我不喜欢数学这科.

high blood pressure高血压

⑨头衔，家庭成员之间的称呼不加冠词

who is monitor in your class?

你们班谁是班长？

uncle Wang王叔叔；

father爸爸；

mother妈妈

⑩在表语，补足语，同位语中表示职位的名词不加冠词

例：He is chairman of the board.他是董事长.

They elect him president.他们选举他作为主席.

ElizabethII，Queen of England英女王伊丽莎白二世

?名词前有指示代词，形容词性物主代词，不定代词，所有格修饰时不加冠词

例：I like those flowers.我喜欢那些花.

This is my book.这是我的书.

I want to try every food.我想尝试每种食物.

Lily‘s mother is a doctor.莉莉的妈妈是一个医生.

?by+交通工具或其他事物构成的方式状语中不加冠词

例：by bus坐汽车;

by bike骑车;

by phone通过电话;

by mail通过邮件

?表示泛指的特殊名词前不加冠词

例：nature泛指自然界时：

The goal of life is living in agreement with nature. 人生的终极目标是和自然和谐相处.

space泛指空间时：

A missile was projected into space. 导弹被发射升空.

man泛指人类时：

Man can conquer nature.人定胜天.

history泛指整个历史时：

History may repeat itself.历史可能重演.

society泛指生活的社会时：

Socitey turns people into criminals and then locks them up.

社会使人犯罪，然后又把他们关进监狱.

?当turn，go作“变成”讲时，后面的名词不加冠词

例：He turned singer. 他变成了歌手.

第二节专项练习

一、填空

1.There is _______ picture of _______ elephant on _______ wall.

2.This is _______ useful book. I've read it for _______ hour.

3. _______ elephant is much heavier than _______ horse.

4. _______ doctor told him to take _______ medicine three times _______ day.

5.Let's go out for _______ walk.

6. It's too hot. Open _______ door，please.

7.There is _______ woman over there. _______ woman is Meimei's mother.

8. _______ sun rises in _______ east.

9. _______ Changjiang River is _______ longest river in _______ China.

10. Are you going to do it _______ second time？

11.Washington is _______ capital of _______ USA.

12. _______Turners are living at the end of _______ Turner Street.

13.He joined the army in _______ spring of _______ 1995.

14._______old man is _______ teacher. He likes playing _______ basketball after _______ supper.

15.After I had _______ quick breakfast，I hurried to school.

16.Are ______ sheep kept by ______ farmers for producing _______ wool and _______ meat？

17.They went to _______ People's Park，but we both went to _______ People's Cinema yesterday.

18. I often watch _______ TV in _______ evening.

19. ______ day of _______ December 20，1999 is Monday.

20.Tomorrow is_______Christmas Day and my father and I went to choose _______

Christmas tree today.

21. I think _______ maths is more important than any other subject.

22.He often goes to _______ school by _______ bike.

23.What does this _______ word mean, _______Father？

24.What _______ important news it is！

填空题答案解析

[答案]: a；an；the

[解析]:

泛指画这一类东西

泛指物种

听说双方限定范围内的具体知识

There be 后面的名词是句子的主语，这个句型中的主语通常都是泛指.

[答案]: a; an

[解析]:

泛指用法，泛指有用的书这类书的一本

量指用法，表示具体数量

[答案]: An; a

[解析]:

泛指物种，大象类动物中的一个

泛指物种，马类动物中的一个

[答案]: The; the

[解析]:

特指听说双方限定范围内的具体知识

表数量

[答案]: a

[解析]:

go out for a walk意为“出去散步”，固定用法

[答案]: the

[解析]:

特指听说双方在即时情景中看到或者听到的

[答案]: a; The

泛指女人这类人

直接前指：前文已经提到的事物再次被提到时

[答案]: The; the

[解析]:

听说双方都具有的一般常识

江、河、湖泊、海、山脉、群岛、方位等地理名称前面要加定冠词the

[答案]: The; the; /

[解析]:

江、河、湖泊、海、山脉、群岛、方位等地理名称前面要加定冠词the

形容词的最高级，序数词以及only用作形容词加名词连用时，前面要加the

非普通名词组成的专有名词前，人称，街道广场，车站机场，大学，杂志等专有名词前不加the 10.

[答案]: a

[解析]:

a second time意为“再一次”、“另一次”,固定搭配，表示动作的重复.

the second time意为“第二次”，表顺序.

11.

[答案]: the; the

[解析]:

后置特指：带有后置定语的,表达特定概念的名词

普通名词组成的专有名词前面要加定冠词the,包括国家，机构，建筑，报刊等.

12.

[答案]: the; /

[解析]:

表示全家人或夫妻二人时，复数的姓氏前面要加the

非普通名词组成的专有名词前，人称，街道广场，车站机场，大学，杂志等专有名词前不加the 13.

[答案]: the; /

[解析]:

当季节是特指时,也要加定冠词the

星期，月份，年份，节假日，季节名词前不加the

14.

[答案]: The; a; /; /

[解析]:

听说双方在即时情景中看到或者听到的

球类，棋牌类等体育活动不加the

三餐之前不加the

15.

[答案]: a

[解析]:

若三餐前有形容词，则可以加冠词.

16.

[答案]: the; the; /; /

[解析]:

带有后置定语的,表达特定概念的名词

听说双方在即时情景中看到或者听到的

表种类的物质名词不加the

17.

[答案]: the; the

[解析]:

普通名词组成的专有名词前面要加定冠词the,包括国家，机构，建筑，报刊等18.

[答案]: /; the

[解析]:

watch TV；in the evening都是固定搭配

19.

[答案]: the; /

[解析]:

带有后置定语的,表达特定概念的名词

星期，月份，年份，节假日，季节名词前不加the

20.

[答案]: /; a

[解析]:

星期，月份，年份，节假日，季节名词前不加the

泛指圣诞树这个事物

21.

[答案]: /

[解析]:

语言名称，学科，疾病名词前不加the

22.

[答案]: /; /

[解析]:

go to shcool 固定搭配

by+交通工具或其他事物构成的方式状语中不加the

23.

[答案]: /; /

[解析]:

名词前有指示代词，形容词性物主代词，不定代词，所有格修饰时不加the

头衔，家庭成员之间的称呼不加冠词

24.

[答案]: /

[解析]:

What+(a / an) +形容词+名词+主语+谓语在感叹句句型中，名词是不可数名词时，不用加不定冠词

二、单项选择

1. —Does Jim have _______ ruler？—Yes，he has _______.

A. an；some

B. a；one

C. a；/

D. any；one

2. There is _______ old bike. _______ old bike is Mr Zhao's.

A. an ；The

B. the；An

C. a；The

D. the；The

3. _______ apple a day keeps the doctors away.

A. The

B. A

C. An

D. Two

4. —How many books do you have？—I have _______ book.That's _______ English book.

A. a；an

B. a；one

C. one；an

D. one；one

5.At that time Tom was _______ one-year-old baby.

A. a

B. an

C. the

D.／

6. _______ tiger is _______ China.

A. The；a

B. A；the

C. The；from

D. The；the

7. We can't see _______ sun at _______ night.

A. the；the

B. the；／

C. a；／

D.／；／

8. _______ useful book it is！

A. What an

B. How a

C. What a

D. What

9. One afternoon he found _______ handbag.There was _______“s”on the corner of _______ handbag.

A. a；an；the

B. a；a；the

C. an；an；an

D. the；a；a

10. _______ old lady with white hair spoke _______ English well at _______ meeting.

A. An；an；a

B. The；／；an

C. The；／；a

D. The；／；the

11. _______ Great Wall is _______ longest wall in the world.

A. A；a

B. The；the

C. A；the

D. The；a

12. _______ new bridge has been built over _______ Huangpu River.

A. The；a

B. A；／

C. A；the

D. An；the

13. _______ woman over there is _______ popular teacher in our school.

A. A；an

B. The；a

C. The；the

D. A；the

14. He used to be _______ teacher but later he turned _______ writer.

A. a；a

B. a；the

C.／；a

D. a；／

15. They made him _______ king.

A. a

B. the

C. an

D. /

16. His father is _______ English teacher. He works in our school.

A. a

B. an

C. the

D.／

17. Is he _______ American boy？

A. an

B. a

C. one

D.／

18.Does Tom often play _______ football after _______ school？

A.／；／

B.／；the

C. the；／

D. a；／

19.They passed our school _______ day before yesterday.

A. an

B. one

C. a

D. the

20. Australia is _______ English-speaking country.

A. a

B. an

C. the

D. /

21.She has _______ orange skirt. _______ skirt is nice.

A. a；The

B. an；The

C. an；A

D. the；The

22.This is _______ apple. It's _______ big apple.

A. an；a

B. a；the

C. a；an

D. an；the

23. Look at _______ horse over there.

A. a

B. an

C. the

D.／

24. Don't play _______ basketball here.It's dangerous

A. a

B. an

C.／

D. the

25.There is _______ old woman in the car.

A.／

B.the

C. a

D. an

26.Beijing is _______ beautiful city. It's _______ capital of China.

A. a；a

B. the；the

C.／；the

D. a；the

27. Shanghai is in _______ east of China.

A.／

B. an

C. a

D. the

28.I've been a student there for nearly two and _______ half years.

A. a

B. an

C. the

D.／

29. Bill is _______ English teacher. He likes playing _______ football.

A. a；the

B. an；the

C. a；／

D. an；／

30. The museum is quite far. It will take you half _______hour to get there by _______ bus.

A. an；／

B. an；a

C. a；／

D.／；／

单项选择答案解析

[答案]: B

[解析]:

第一空泛指尺子这类东西；

第二空的one是不定代词，用以替代前面的ruler.

[答案]: A

[解析]:

第一空泛指旧自行车这类东西；

第二空，直接前指，前文已经提到的事物再次被提到时

[答案]: C

[解析]:

量指用法，强调数量

[答案]: C

[解析]:

how many提问时，用one表示，因为one 比a 更强调数量.表示度量（价格，速度，比率）的时候用a/an，不能用one. 1000RMB a day; 10 $ a kilo; three times a day. 第二个空表示泛指英语书这类书中的一种.

[答案]: A

[解析]:

用不定冠词表示泛指，泛指一岁男孩这类孩子中的一个.

one虽以元音字母开头，但以辅音音素［w］开头.

[答案]: C

[解析]:

第一空选the，听说双方在即时情景中看到或者听到的.第二空只有填入from才能使句子有完整的句意. 这只老虎来自中国.

[答案]: B

[解析]:

听说双方都具有的一般常识；

at night在夜晚，固定搭配

[答案]: C

[解析]:

What+(a / an) +形容词+名词+主语+谓语

How+形容词或副词+主语+谓语

主语it前面是名词，因此选择what类型的感叹句.

useful开头字母u发[j]的音，属于辅音音素，因此用a.

[答案]: A

[解析]:

第一空泛指手提包这类包中的一个.

第二空是量指用法，有一个字母s.s虽为辅音字母，但却以元音音素［e］开头，故填an.

第三空属于直接前指用法，前文已经提到的事物再次被提到时

10.

[答案]: D

[解析]:

第一个空填the，old lady后面有with white hair，属于后置特指用法，带有后置定语的,表达特定概念的名词

第二个空不填冠词，语言名称，学科，疾病名词前不加冠词.

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