人教必修二unit3 导学案

Unit 3 Computer

第一课时warming up，pre-reading & Reading

学习目标：

1．语言目标Language aims:

1）学会谈论电脑所用的有关单词和短语: calculate, universal, simplify, sum, operator, logical, technological, revolution, artificial, intelligence, solve, reality, personal, tube, network, web, application, cinance, mobile, rocket, explore

2）让学生了解计算机的历史和基本知识。2. 能力目标Ability aims:

1) 进一步熟悉掌握一些阅读技巧，比如快速寻找文章细节信息(scanning)、归纳和总结（summarizing）。

2) 让学生学会表达自己的观点。

3. 情感目标Emotional aims:

1）引起学生学习电脑的兴趣。

2）培养学生的合作学习能力。

重点key points:

1. let students learn more about history and basic knowledge of computers.

2. Get students to learn different reading skills.

难点important points:

1. Develop students? reading ability.

2. Enable students to learn to express their opinions.

自主学习

词汇知识

I根据词性和汉语意思写出该单词

1. ___________ (vt.) 计算_____________(n.) 计算；考虑______________(n.)计算者，计算器

2. ____________(vt.) 简化____________(n) 简化

3. ____________(n.) 智力；聪明_________________(adj.)

4. ____________(adj.) 私人的；亲自的______________(adv.) 就个人而言；亲自

5. ____________(n.) 幸福；快乐_______________(adj.)

6. _____________(n.) 真实；现实____________(adj.)

II 重点短语

1.have sth. _____ common ____ 和……有共有之处

2. ________...with …把……与……相比

3. from ________ / ________ on 从那时/这时起

4. go _________ 过去；经过；走过

5. so… ______ …如此…以致……

6. as a ___________结果

7. provide ab. ________ sth. 为某人提供某物8. __________ sth. with sb.与某人分担

9. as ________ as …既…….又…….，不但……..而且…….

阅读理解

1. 主旨归纳Skim( 略读) for the main idea

Tips : 统揽全文，注重第一段，获得大意即可，不要句句阅读。一定要快呦！

1．Who am I ?

A．An operator．B．Alan Turing．C．A computer．D．Human race．

2. What’s the passage about?

It?s about the ________________ of computer.

2. 细节理解Scanning for detailed information

Summary of the passage

I began as a __________ machine in 1642. It took nearly two hundred years __________ I was built as an analytical machine. I became a “universal machine” in 1936 to __________ any mathematical problem. I was very big at one time. However, as time _______ by, I was made smaller and smaller. I was given a family _______ by a network in the early 1960s. I was able to _____________ my knowledge with others ___________ the World Wide Web.

I have been widely used in many fields, such as in communication, _____________, trade and medical __________ .

I have also been put into robots and space rockets to _____________ the Moon and Mars. I?m glad I am a devoted friend and helper of the human race.

合作探究

1. In pairs discuss what they have in common．两人一组讨论它们有什么共同点。

●common

(1)adj．普遍的，常见的，普通的

①He is not an officer，but a common soldier．他不是军官，只是一名普通士兵。

(2)n．共同之处；共同的特点

②The twin brothers have a lot in common and get on very well.

这对双胞胎兄弟有许多共同之处，相处很融洽。

▲in common共有；共用

【拓展】

1. have something／a lot／much／little／nothing in common

有一些／有很多／几乎无／无共同之处

2. in common with…和……一样

【活学活用】

(1)______ ______ _____ many other boys, he prefers outdoor sports.

同其他许多男孩一样，他更喜欢户外运动。

(2)The swimming pool is used _____ _____ by all the chillren in the neighbourhood.

这个居民区的所有儿童公用这个游泳池。

(3)They found they_____ _____ ______ ______ ______and got on very well．

他们觉得有许多共同之处，关系处得很好。

(4) They have a lot _____ and became good friends very soon.

A. in common

B. in case

C. in surprise

D. in interest

2.I began as a calculating machine in France in l642．1642年我在法国诞生时是一台计算机器。

【导学】calculate vt.& vi．计算，估计，算出

1) calculate十名词计算；估计

①The teacher calculated the average mark of the class．

老师计算班上的平均分数。

②Calculate the cost of repair at￥5000．

估计修理费用约5千元。2) calculate+that／wh一十从句计算出；估计为

The scientists calculated when the spacecraft would reach the moon.

科学家推算出宇宙飞船抵达月球的时间。

3) be calculated to do…被计划成……；打算……

His remark was calculated to hurt her. 他的话是故意要伤她的。

【拓展】calculation n.计算calculating n．精明的；会计算的calculator n．计算器

【注意】calculate表“计划；打算”讲时，多用_________ 语态。

【活学活用】

①那则广告计划以女孩子为宣传对象。

That ad _____ _____ _____ attract the attention of girls．

②Scientists have ______that the world?s population will double by the end of this century．

A．numbered B．included C calculated D．designed

3. I develop very slowly and it took nearly two hundred years before I was built as an analytical machine by Charles Babbage. 我发育缓慢，差不多到了两百年之后，查尔斯. 巴比奇才把我制成了一台分析机。

【导学】“It took / was + 一段时间+ before 从句”是一固定句型，意为“过（一段时间）之后才……”(B级) e.g. It took long / five hours before we arrived at the village.

过了很久（五个小时）我们才到村庄。

It was two years before I realized how important his words were.

两年之后我才意识到他的话多么重要。

【拓展】

before 用于这类句型的结构还有：

① It didn't take long before the fire was under control.

不久火势就被控制住了

②It will be five years before we meet again.

要过五年我们才能再见面。

③ It won?t be long before the manager comes back..

不久经理就要回来了。

【句型归纳】

① It took / was long / 一段时间+ before …过了（一段时间）之后才……

②It didn't take / wasn?t long /一段时间+ before …过了不久（一段时间）就……

③It will take / be long / 一段时间+ before …要过很久（一段时间）才……

④It won’t take / be long / 一段时间+ before …不久（一段时间后）就会……

【活学活用】

① The field research will take Joan and Paul about five months; it will be a long time ____ we meet him again.

A. after

B. before

C. since

D. when

②--- How long do you think it will be ______ China sends a manned spaceship to the moon?

--- Perhaps two or three years.

A. when

B. until

C. that

D. before

4. As time went by，I was made smaller．随着时间的推移，我被做得越来越小。

【导学1】as conj．随着……，引导时间状语从句。

As time went on，Einstein?s theory proved to be correct．

随着时间的推移，爱因斯坦的理论证明是正确的。

【拓展】表示“随着……”时，也可以用with，但with是介词，后面一般不接句子。上句若用with，应为：With

the years going by…

With the passing of the years，they have become close friends．

几年过去了，他们已成了亲密朋友。

【活学活用】

As the wealth of the country increases，more and more waste will be produced．

=______the wealth of the country _______，more and more waste will be produced．

(1)As time ______ ，she became more and more anxious about her son?s safety．

A．passing B．going by C．passed D．goes by

(2)With the time_____，our anxiety grew．

A．goes by B．going by C．has gone by D．had gone by

【导学2】go by “过去，经过”，相当于pass, 可用于时间或其他。一般不带宾语。

Time always goes by quickly on vacation.

假期的日子总是过得很快。

Two months has gone by since he came here.自从他到这儿来已经有两个月过去了。

A taxi went by quickly before he could stop it.

他还没来得及拦下出租车，车就飞快地开过去了。

【拓展】go by 后面也可跟宾语，表示“从……旁边经过”

As I went by the window, I saw her playing the piano.

当我经过窗子的时候，我看到她在弹钢琴。

【活学活用】

①--- Didn't you have a good time at the party?

--- Of course I did. As a matter of fact, I had such fun that time seemed to _____ so quickly.

A. go by

B. go away

C. go out

D. go over

②Don? t let this chance ______. You may not have another one.

A. go out

B. go by

C. go on

D. go away

③Three months ______ before we knew it.

A. passed by

B. went by

C. went

D. past

5. As a result I totally changed my shape．结果我的外形完全改变了。

【导学】as a result因此，作为结果

He didn?t work hard，as a result he failed the exam．

他学习不努力，结果考试不及格。

He runs every day．_____ ______ ______，he has lost weight．

他每天跑步，结果他减肥了。

【拓展】

as a result of 由于，作为……的结果result from(＝be caused by) 起因于；因……而引起由……而发生

result in(＝cause)导致；致使

造成(某种结果)

【探究练习】

(1)She was late _____ ______ ______ ______snow．

由于下雪，她迟到了。

(2)Success ______ ______ hard work．

成功来自勤奋。

(3)Hard work ______ ______success．

勤奋才会成功。

(4)My friend Martin was very sick with a strange fever, ______ , he could neither eat nor sleep.【归纳】

result作不及物动词，意为“(……结果)；由……而发生时，与介词______ 连用；意为“造成某种结果”时，与介词_______连用。

6. A nd my memory became so large that even I couldn’t believe it!

我的记忆能力变得如此巨大，甚至连我自己都不能相信。

【导学】so+adj．／adv．+that…意为“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。

①He was so foolish that he accepted her invitation．他接受她的邀请真是太傻了。

②He was so excited that he could not speak．他兴奋得连话都说不出来了。

①He ran ______ ______ ______ I couldn?t catch up with him．

他跑得太快，我追不上他。

【拓展】

巧辨异同

so…that…，such…that…

（1）adj./adv.+ that-clause

so + adj.+ a/an + 单数可数名词+ that-clause

many/much/few/little(少) + n.+ that-clause

a/an + adj. + 单数可数名词+ that-clause

such + adj.+ 可数名词复数+ that-clause

adj.+ 不可数名词+ that-clause

She?s so ill that she can?t get out of bed.她病得很重，都下不了床了。

There are so many mistakes in your article that I can’ t understand the meaning.

你的文章里有那么多错误以至于我不懂文章的意思。

There was so little water left that only little children were given some.

剩下的水不多了，只给孩子分了一些。

He made such rapid progress that he was praised by the teacher.

他取得如此快的进步以至于老师表扬了他。

These are such interesting books that children like to read them.这些书很有趣，孩子们喜欢读。

【注意】

(1) little表“小”时，仍然要用such

如It is such a little animal that we have to take good care of it.

【巧学妙记】

so和such引导结果状语从句;

名前such，形、副so，多多少少也用so。

little属特殊，“小”用such，“少”用so。

(2) such+a(an)+adj．+可数名词单数+that…结构可与so+adj.+a(an)+可数名词单数+that．．．结构进行互换。It was so hot a day that we couldn?t sleep．

=It was such ___ ______ ______ that we couldn?t sleep．

天如此热以至于我们都睡不着觉。

This is such an interesting film that we all want to see it．

= This is _____ ______ ______ ______ that we all want to see it．

(3)当so + adj. / adv.位于句首时，主句需要倒装。

So difficult was the problem that I decided to ask Tom for help.

= The problem was so difficult that I decided to ask Tom for help.

这道题如此难，以至于我决定向汤姆寻求建议。

(4) 观察下列两个句子并分析

①This is such a difficult problem that nobody can work it out.

②This is such a difficult problem as nobody can work out.

句①中that 引导的为_______________从句，句②中as引导的为____________从句

【再次归纳】

_____ + adj./ adv.+ that clause

_____ + adj. + a / an + c.n (单数)

_____ + a/an+ adj+c.n(单数）

_____ + adj +c.n(复数）

_____ + adj + u.n(不可数）

_____ + many (few, much, little) + n.

【活学活用】

______beautiful a girl

______many girls

______a beautiful girl ______good weather

(1)There is ______much work to do and he was ______worried about finishing it in time that he was quite nervous all day long．

A．so；so B．such；such C．so；such D．such；so

(2)It was ______that we went camping in the mountains．

A．such nice weather B．such a nice weather C．so nice a weather D．too nice weather

(3)She has ______she remembers all the names of the students she has taught．

A．so good memory B．good memory C．such a good memory that D．such good memory that

(4) _________ that Marie was able to set up new branches elsewhere.

A. So successful her business was

B. So successful was her business

C. So her business was successful

D. So was her successful business

(5) She is such a lovely girl ______ is often praised by the teacher.

7. ...,until in the early 1960s they gave me a family connected by a network.

......直到二十世纪六十年代初他们才给了我一个用网络联成的家庭。

until的用法要点

(1)当主句动词为延续性动词时，用肯定式表示“一直到……为止”：

They waited for rile until I arrived．他们一直等到我到达为止。

(2)当主句谓语动词为非延续性动词时，用否定式，即not…until…表示“直到……才……”

Father did not go to bed until I finished my homework．父亲一直到我做完功课才去睡觉。

(3)not until 引导的时间状语位于句首时，后面主句用部分倒装的形式。

Not until they came to China did they see the Great Wall. 他们到中国才见到长城。

(4)not…until句型用于强调句中, 在强调until 部分时,要把否定形式放入被强调部分,即not与until应放在一起。It was not until I came here that I knew the truth. 我直到来这里才知道真相。

【活学活用】

①It______we had stayed together for a couple of weeks______I found we had a lot in common.

A was until；when B．was until；that C．wasn?t until；when D．wasn?t until：that

②Not until the early years of the l9th century______what heat is．

A. man did know B．man knew C. didn?t man know D．did man know

8. Anyhow，my goal is to provide humans with a life of high quality．

不管怎样，我的目标是为人们提供高质量的生活。

anyhow adv．无论如何；不管怎样；即使如此

①That wasn?t my fault anyhow．反正那不是我的过错。

②I don?t know if it was lost or stolen，anyhow，it?s g one．我不知道它是丢了还是被偷了，不管怎么说，它不见了。

③I don?t think they need help，but I think I should offer anyhow．

我认为他们无需帮助，不过我想我应有所表示。

【活学活用】

Perhaps I?m not quite fit for the job，but______，please let me have a try．

A．in fact B．anyway C．so D. otherwise

随堂检测

1．单词拼写

1．The children were given an__________(智力，智能)test．

2．Please help me to__________(解决)the problem．I can?t work it out．

3．The manager received fifteen __________ (申请)for the position．

4．Columbus discovered America but he did not__________(探究)the new continent．

Ⅱ．完成句子

1．我解决不了这道物理题。你能帮助我吗?

I can?t________ ________ ___________ ____________．Can you help me?

2．从那时起，他就对UFO非常感兴趣。

________ _________ _________ ，he showed a great interest in UFOs．

3．他遭雨淋了，结果感冒了。

He was caught in the rain．______ ______ ________，he _______ _____ _________.

4．还要过两个小时他才能回来。(before)

It _______ ________ _________ __________ ____________ he comes back.

Ⅲ．单项填空

1．Since we met last time，two years have_______ before I knew it．

A．gone on B．gone by C．gone out D．gone off

2．Unlike most of the other twin sisters，Mary and her sister Jane，who is half an hour younger，have_______ with each other except that they look alike．

A．a lot in common B．1ittle in common C．nothing to do D．no common

3．In_______ ，he began to learn Russian，when he was in________.

A．1970：the 50?s B．the l970；his 50s

C．the l970s；his fifties D．1970s；his fifties

4．His_________ expression suggested that he_______ good news．

A．excited；have B．exciting；had C．excited；had D．exciting；have

课后拓展

1.Remember what we have learned this period.

2.Finish the exercises on 导学练.

第二课时The present perfect passive voice语法学案

学习目标：

1．语言目标Language aims:

Get students to know the structure of the Present Perfect Passive V oice.

Let the students learn the usage of the Present Perfect Passive V oice.

2. 能力目标Ability aims:

Enable students to use the Present Perfect Passive V oice correctly and properly.

3. 情感目标Emotional aims:

Get students to become interested in grammar learning.

Develop students? sense of group cooperation

重点key points:

Get students to master the structure and usages of the Present Perfect Passive V oice.

难点difficult points:

Enable students to learn how to use the Present Perfect Passive V oice correctly

学习方法learning method：

根据所给例句发现语言现象，总结归纳出一般将来时被动语态的基本结构，并体会它所运用的语境。合作学习+练习

Step I 复习revision

上单元所学一般将来时被动语态的结构：____________________________

Step II Discovering useful structures

1. 课本P21，Exercise 1

2. Can you pick out more than two sentences in the present perfect passive voice from the reading passage?

1) ________________________________________________________________

2)_________________________________________________________________

3.Look at the tense used in the sentences you picked out and think over the question: What is the structure of the present future passive voice?(看你所挑句子的时态，然后思考一般将来时被动语态的结构)

4 总结summing up

The structure of the present future passive voice is (现在完成时被动语态的结构)：

________________________________________________

Step III The present perfect passive voice

现在完成时的被动语态

1．现在完成时被动语态的构成

(1) 现在完成时被动语态:has/have + been + 及物动词的过去分词

否定式是:在have／has + not been + 及物动词的过去分词

疑问句式: have / has + 主语+ been + 及物动词的过去分词

特殊疑问句式：疑问词+have／has + 主语+ been + 及物动词的过去分词

比如：

The 29th Olympic Games haven?t been held yet．第29届奥运会还没有举行。

Has his new novel been translated into English yet? 他的新小说被译成英语了吗?

How long has the book been kept? 这本书借了多长时间了7 ．

How many new words have been learned this term? 这学期已经学了多少新单词了?

2．现在完成时被动语态的主要用法

(1)表示一个被动的动作发生在说话之前，强调对现在的影响或结果。

The book has been translated into English．

这本书已经被翻译成英文了。

(2)表示被动的动作开始于过去，持续到现在，并有可能持续下去，常与for或since引导的时间状语连用，或用

于How long…?句型中。表示从过去延续到现在并包含现在在内的一段时间状语有：already, yet, lately, recently, in the last/past few years, since then, up to now, so far 等。

How long has the computer been used?

这台微机用了多长时间了?

【注意】

(1)现在完成时被动语态的两个助动词：have／has和been缺一不可。

(2)注意与一般过去时被动语态的区别。

一般过去时被动语态表示一个被动的动作发生在过去，其结果对现在没有影响；而现在完成时被动语态的动作或状态尽管发生在过去，但侧重说明该动作或状态对现在造成的影响或结果．

The machine has been repaired．机器已经修好了。(说明动作发生在过去，对现在有影响，修好了。)

The machine was repaired yesterday．机器昨天修了。(只说明动作发生在昨天。)

(3)不可与确定的表示过去或将来的时间状语连用(如yesterday，three days ago，in l970等)，但可与不确定的时间

状语连用(如already，yet，just，often，recently，in the past few years等)。

They have been punished recently．

他们近来受到了惩罚。

(4)有些动词像finish，buy，start，begin，return，join，marry，open，die等，表示的动作很短暂，称之为短暂

性动词或非延续性动词。它们构成的现在完成时被动语态不能与for构成的短语，since构成的短语或引导的句子连用，也不能用于How long…?句型中。

The book has been finished for two years．(×)

The book was finished two years a90．(√)

(5)动词短语是一个不可分割的整体，在被动语态中要保持其完整性，其中的介词或副词不可省略。

The orphans have been taken good care of here．孤儿们在这里受到很好的照顾。

使用现在完成时被动语态要注意以下几点：

1. 只带有一个宾语的动词变为被动语态时，将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。例如：

We have built many houses in the past ten years.

→Many houses have been built in the past ten years.

2. 带有双宾语的动词，如give, send, bring, take, teach, show, tell, make, sing, write, read, sell, buy, tell, pay, lend, pass, promise等，变为被动语态时，可将其中一个宾语变为主语，另一个保留不动。例如：We have given him the book.

→He has been given the book.

→The book has been given to him.

3. 带有复合宾语的动词变为被动语态时，只能将宾语变为主语，原来的宾补改为主语补足语。原来省略to的不定式作宾补的，被动语态中要用带to的不定式。例如：

I have told them to help you.→They have been told to help you.

I have made her work hard.→She has been made to work hard.

4. 短语动词变为被动语态时，要注意保持短语的完整性，动词后原有的介词或副词不可遗漏。例如：They have referred to the boo ks.→The books have been referred to (by them).

He has thought of a way of dong it.→A way of doing it has been thought of.

［典例解析］

1.Hundreds of jobs ________ if the factory closes.

A. lose

B. will be lost

C. are lost

D. will lose

[解析]本句的意思是：如果工厂倒闭，那么将失去数百个工作岗位。lose a job意为”失业”。工作将被失去，要用将来时态的被动语态，因此排除答案A、C和D，答案选B。

2.The mayor of Beijing says that all construction work for the Beijing Olympics ________ by 2006. (2004北京)

A. has been completed

B. has completed

C. will have been completed

D. will have completed

[解析]宾语从句中主语all construction work for the Beijing Olympics和谓语动词complete之间有被动关系，所以谓语要用被动语态，因此排除选项B和D；by 2006暗示谓语要用将来完成时态，因此答案选C。

3. All the preparations for the task ________, and we are ready to start.(NMET2000春招)

A. completed

B. complete

C. had been completed

D. have been completed

[解析]本句的意思是：这项工作的一切准备工作已经就绪,我们只等开始了。前半句主语和谓语有被动关系，后半句暗示说话是从现在着眼,所以用现在完成时态的被动语态。答案D。

Step IV Practise

1．完成句子

1．So far the novel ____________________________ (已被翻译成五种语言)．

2．___________________________(已经兴建了100多家工厂)in this city in the past ten years．

3．The 30th Olympics __________________________(还没有举行)．

4．Jack ____________________________(已被告知这个消息了)，so you needn?t ring him up．

5．__________________(没有人来买过书)since last week．

Ⅱ．单项填空

1．一The student __________home because of stealing．

--- I?m so sorry to hear that．

A．has been sent B．has sent C．had been sent D．sent

2．一Hi! Where are you going?

一What?s wrong?

一一The road repairs __________．

A．haven?t completed B．weren?t completed C．haven?t been completed D．didn?t complete

3．一一We want to sit at the table near the window．

--1?m sorry，but it ________already．

A．has taken B．took C．was taken D．has been taken

4．How many man-made satellites ______up in our country since last year?

A．sent B．was sent C．have sent D．have been sent

5．The bedroom _________ since last week．

A．was not cleaned B．is not cleaned C．has not been cleaned D．has not cleaned

6．一_______the letter _____to Mr．Black?

一No．It?s still on the desk．

A．Has；given B．Will；be given C．Was；given D．Has；been given

7．一__________the sports meeting might be put off．

一Yes, it all depends on the weather．

A．I?ve been told B．I?ve told C．I?m told D．I told

8．My brother ____________the Youth League for two years．

A．has been in B．has entered C．has taken part in D．has joined in

9．If Newton lived today，he would be surprised by what___________ in science and technology．

A．had discovered B．had been discovered C．has discovered D．has been discovered

10．Three more new teaching buildings ______________in our school in the past 5 years．

A．have built B．were built C．will be built D．have been built

第三课时Learning about language & Using language

学习目标：

1．语言目标Language aims:

Get students to learn the useful new words and expressions :

Get students to learn more about the robots.

2. 能力目标Ability aims:

Develop students? reading skills by extensive reading and enable them to learn how to use different reading skills to read different reading materials..

Train students? speaking ability and enable them to learn how to give opinions, reasons, and make a decision.

3. 情感目标Emotional aims:

Enable students to know more about robots and make them love to master advanced information technology. Develop students? sense of group cooperation and teamwork.

重点key points:

1. Develop students? reading skills by extensive reading.

2. Learn some new useful words and expressions.

难点difficult points:

Enable students to learn to use reading strategies such as skimming, scanning, and so on.

Get students to learn how to give opinions, reason and make a decision.

学习方法learning method：

根据所给例句发现语言现象，总结归纳动词是及物动词还是不及物动词，与哪些介词搭配，常用短语有哪些；名词是可数还是不可数名词，与哪些动词搭配，有哪些常用短语。

自主学习

I 重点短语：

1. make good use _______ 好好利用；充分利用

2. be crazy _______ 对着迷

3. be connected _________ 与有关系

4. give sth. ________ 赠送，捐赠；分发；泄露

5. _____ reality 实际上，事实上

6. in _____ way 在某种程度上

7. ________ the help of 在帮助下8. deal _________ 处理，安排，对付

9. watch _______ 看守，监视10. consist ______ 由组成

11. make _________ 组成弥补编造12. day ______ night 夜以继日

13. _______ fun 闹着玩地，为了好玩14. ______ all 毕竟，别忘了15. ________ a decision 作出决定

II。必背句型：

1.他过去常常从网上下载信息，而且充分利用了这些信息。

He used to __________ ________ ____________ the Internet and _________ _______ ____ it.

2. 公司已经把他的计算机赠送给当地的一所学校。

The company has _______ __________ _________ __________ ________ a local school.

3. 在足球队里我打前锋，所以我需要跑得很快。

_____ ________ _____________ __________ I?m a striker so I have to be able to run very fast.

4. 然后他把在新情况下能用得上的动作准备好。

Then she prepares reliable moves to use ________ _________ _________ ___________.

III课文理解

主旨大意

1. What is the main idea of this passage?

A. The robots can play football match as well as human beings.

B. Chips have been put into robots or androids.

C. The robot can play well by itself.

D. Nobody can play better than the robot made in Japan.

细节理解

2. On the football team, the writer acts as _________.

A. the door keeper

B. the coach

C. a defender D a striker

3. They didn?t get first place because __________.

A. they didn?t have an electronic brain which never forgets anything

B. they were playing against a human team

C. the team who won first place had a newly developed program

D. the team who won first place had a coach.

推理理解

4. We can infer from this passage that __________.

A. chips can be put into many robots to finish different jobs

B. robots can replace all the football players

C. the robots can signal to the teammates with their hands

D. the robots will win all the game with human beings

合作探究

1. What are the advantages and disadvantages of each form of IT?每种IT各有什么优点和缺点? 【导学】1) advantage n. [c] [U] 优点; 优势; 有利条件

There are several advantages in city life. 都市生活有几个优点。

There will be no advantage to wait any longer. 再等下去一点好处也没有。

【拓展】take advantage of 利用

be to your advantage 对…..有利

You should take full advantage of this chance. 你应该充分利用这次机会。

It would be to your advantage of attending the meeting. 参加这次会议对你有利。

2) disadvantage n. 缺点, 劣势; 不利条件

advantages and disadvantages 利害得失

【活学活用】

1. Since you are going to America, do _________ the chance to improve your spoken English.

A ．take the advantage of

B ．take an advantage of

C ．take advantage of

D ．take use of

2. He made such great progress in English study just because of the ______ he took of his every spare minute.

A ．way

B ．use

C place

D ．advantage

2．On the football team I’m a striker so I have to be able to run very fast.

我在足球队中是前锋，所以我需要跑得非常快。 【导学】 (1)句中的on 表示“是…的成员，在…供职”。 He is on the people?s daily. 他在《人民日报》报社里工作。 (2)句中的on 还表示“在…活动中,处于…状态”。 【拓展】常见短语有： on holiday (度假), on business (出差), on fire (着火)。 【活学活用】 1) ______ his way home, he saw a building was ______ fire. A On, in B In, on C In, in D On, on 2) ----- Shall we go and help them with their work? --------- We?d better not. They said we?d just be ______ if we tried to help. A in the way B by the way C on the way D off the way 3.Personally,I think the team who won first place cheated.我个人认为得冠军的那个队作弊了. 【导学】personally adv. 就自己而言; 就我个人来说 (1)亲自，本人（in one’s own person ）

The owner of the hotel welcomed us personally. 旅馆的主人亲自迎接我们。 (2)作为个人（as a person ） I like him personally, but I hate what he believes in. 我喜欢他本人，但痛恨他喜欢的东西。 (3)就个人来说（speaking for oneself ）

Personally, I am in favor of the new law. 就我个人来说，我赞成那项法律。

【链接】person (n)--personal (adj.)—personally (adv) 【练习】 1) ________________________________ 总统亲自回复她的信。

2) _______________________________. 就我个人而言，我不喜欢这幅画。 3) ——shall we go to her party at 7?

——________, it?s not a convenient time.

A. By my opinion

B. For my opinion

C. Personally

D. In person

4. In a way, our programmer is like my coach. 从某种程度上看，我们的程序员就像是我们的教练。

【导学】In a way 在某种程度上，从某一角度看，从某一点上看 I like the new styles in a way. 某种程度上我喜欢这些款式。 In a way, you are right. 某种程度上你是对的。 【拓展】常见搭配：

in the way 挡道 on the/one?s way (to) 在(去…)的路上 by the way 顺便提一下 in no way 决不 in this way 用这种方法 I?m afraid your bike is in the way ． 看来你的自行车挡着道了。 On the way to school I often met a blind man with a stick in his right hand. 我上学的路上经常见到一位盲人，右手拿着一根拐杖。 By the way, have you finished your homework ？顺便问一下，你做完作业了吗？ In no way should you give up your hope. 你决不能放弃希望。 Bob improved his English in this way. 鲍勃用这种方法提高了英语。

【活学活用】 Fill in the blank ：

1). You can finish your work ___________ .

2). Your bike is __________ .Move it away. 3）____________ to school I saw a very big mouse.

4)I can?t see the word on t he blackboard. Your head is ________. A. on the way B. in a way C. by the way D. in the way 5. Then she prepares reliable moves to use if a new situation arises.

然后她把新情况下能用得上的可能的动作准备好。 【导学】arise vi. (arose, arisen)

1) arise 发生，产生，出现。通常以抽象名词作主语，多指问题或困境的产生。 A new crisis has arisen. 新危机已经产生。 A storm arose during the night. 夜间暴风雨大作。 When an old problem is solved, a new problem will arise.旧的问题解决了新的问题又会产生. 2)（由…）引起, （因…）产生. arise out of / from sth Accidents arise from careless. 事故往往由疏忽大意引起。 injuries arising out of a road accident 道路交通事故造成的伤害

[辨析] arise/arouse/rise/raise

【活学活用】 1) Many difficulties have ______as a result of change over a new type of fuel. A. risen B. arisen C. raised D. lifted

2) We should always keep in mind that accidents______ from carelessness while driving. A. arise B. arouse C. begin D. cause 3)A wind ________and blew our boat onto the rocks. A. aroused B. rose C. arose D. raised 4) we should always keep in mind that accidence ______ from carelessness while driving. A rise B raise C arise D cause

6.In this way, I can make up new moves. 用这种方法我可以编制新的东西.

【导学】make up 组成; 构成; 编造; 弥补; 化妆等.

Sixty students make up our class. 六十名学生组成了我们班.

The criminal made up a story about where he was when the crime happened.

这个罪犯编造了一个关于案件发生时他在哪里的故事.

She spent an hour making herself up before the party. 舞会前她花了一个小时打扮自己.

【拓展】短语搭配:

make fun of 嘲笑make money 赚钱make use of 利用

【活学活用】

1) Every time he is late, he?ll _____ an excuse. A take up B give up C send up D make up

2) Now many farmers go to cities to ________.

A make a film

B make a plan

C make money

D make progress

3) Every possible use should be ________ advanced technology.

A made of

B made up

C made from

D made sure

7. After all, with the help of my electronic brain which never forgets anything, u sing my intelligence is what I’m all about. 不管怎样，在我的过目不忘的电子脑的帮助下，运用智能就是我的一切。

【导学】1) after all 毕竟，到底;，终究。有时意为“别忘了，要知道” 。

So you made it after all! 你毕竟成功了！

After all, what does it matter? 归根结底, 那又有什么关系呢？

She should have offered to pay —she?s a mi llionaire, after all她应该主动提出付款─ 别忘了,她是个百万富翁。

【导学】2) with the help of 在……的帮助下= with one’s help

With the help of my mother, I finally solved the problem.

在妈妈的帮助下，我终于解决了这个问题。

【活学活用】

1) ________ John Blair, I have made great progress in my English study.

A Under the help of

B On the help of

C For the help of

D With the help of

8. This means that it should clean the room, mop the floor, cook the dinner and deal with telephone. 这就意味着它要打扫房间，墩地板，做饭和接电话。

【导学】deal with 处理，对付，安排

Have you delt with these letters yet? 这些信件你处理了吗？

He is good at dealing with pressure. 他善于应付压力。

He didn?t know what to do with the property his father had left.

他不知道如何处理他父亲留下的财产。

【辨析】deal with ﹠do with

表示处理时，两者可互换。但是deal with和how 搭配，而do with 和what 搭配。

How are you going to deal with the water pollution? 你们打算怎样处理水污染？

What can we do to do with these instruments? 这些仪器我们怎么处理？

【活学活用】

1)There is so much land that the government of Australia even doesn?t know ______ it.

A what to deal with

B how to deal with

C how to do with

D what to do away with

2)How do you a car accident when it happens?

A. do about

B. do with

C. deal with

D. deal about 9. It should also watch over my naughty niece. 它也应该照看我淘气的外甥女。

【导学】1) 看守，监视

They were watched over by three policemen. 他们由三个警察看管。

The farmer is watching over his sheep on the hill. 那个农民正在山上放羊。

2) 照看，照顾

I?am his best friend, and I will always watch over him.

我是他最好的朋友，我会一直照顾他。

【活学活用】

1)--- I will be on business for a week. Will you _____ my dog for me while I am away?

-------With pleasure.

A look at

B watch for

C watch over

D look for

2)The flowers should be _______ ,or else they will die in such a cold weather.

A watched over

B watched out

C looked out

D looked after

Unit 3 Computer 作业考试化

I．单词拼写

1．The program helps you to ____________(计算)how much tax you have to pay．

2．Such problems are a ____________ (普遍的)feature of old age．

3．In order to make a contribution to the disaster area，the retired worker made a_________(个人的)donation to the fund．4．A Child?s ________________ (智力)develops rapidly between the ages of four and five．

5．To write a good essay you must first organize your ideas_____________ (逻辑上)．

6．With the development of science and_______________(技术)，now it is easier for humans to carry out a difficult task．7．This science book has been _____________(简化)for children．

8．The invention of the telephone was really a _____________(革命)in our daily life．

9．The university welcomes ___________________(申请)from overseas students．

1 0．As soon as we arrived on the island we were eager to____________ (考察)．

II．选词填空

tell about，be connected to，have…in common，so …that…，compare．．．with…，anyhow

1．The printer __________________the computer．

2．Lily and Lucy are twins。and they_________ much____________.

3．He was____angry ________he left the room without saying a word．

4．This story ______________a millionaire called Bill．

5．It?s too late now，________________．

6· __________this________that，and you?ll find which is better．

1．完成句子

1．______________________(随着时间的推移)，she became more and more anxious about her son?s safety．2．This problem is so difficult ________________________________________(以至于我们没有人能够做得出来)．3．He didn?t work hard．___________________(结果)，he failed his exam．

4．___________________(从今以后)I will try to do better．

5．You?d better___________(设定一个目标)before you start the drill．

III．单项填空

1．Piaojin hui is the first woman president in South Korea．_________，she is paid more attention to．

A．As a result B．What?s more C．After all D．In return

2．Those who lost their legs in the earthquake will have to use ________ones in the future．

A．artificial B．analytical C．magical D．physical

3．--- ____________ you like the car so much，why not drive it back?

--- Well，I can?t afford ___________car．

A．Now that；that big a B．If；such big a C．When；so a big D．So long as；that a big

4．Mike didn?t notice Alice entering his room．He___________ a phone call

A．answered B．has answered C．was answering D．is answering

5．It may rain，but _________ I shall go out；I must go to the airport to meet Lily，who comes to China for the first time．A．therefore B．anyhow C．however D．somehow

6. The police are to ______ the traffic accident that we don?t know _____.

A. dealing with; how to deal with

B. deal with; how to deal with

C. deal with; how to do with

D. do with; what to deal with

7. — Professor Lin, can I be absent from your lecture tomorrow?

— ______

A. Great news, isn?t it?

B. I can?t agree with you.

C. Give me your reasons.

D. Thank you for your help.

8. My little brother never does any reading in the evening, and _____.

A. so does Mike

B. Mike does so

C. Mike doesn?t too

D. nor does Mike

9. This passage has too many long sentences. I?m afraid they will be hard for most of the students. Could you help to _______ them?

A. mix

B. take

C. destroy

D. simplify

10. By 2012, I have grown as tall as 180 cm, and I wonder if I ______ grow taller.

A. would

B. will

C. /

D. am

IV．阅读理解

A

We can use computers to find lots of information online．The Internet is a very useful system．For example，even though I ?m in my hometown，I can easily get information about another part of the world，such as how the government works in Texas．

However，there are some problems with it too．Sometimes I hear about hackers(黑客)．For example，once I heardabout a large telephone company that showed all of its customer?s information．?This happened because it is too difficult to make information safe on the Internet．Only five years has passed since the Internet was popularized，and it has been improving very quickly．I guess there are many criminals(罪犯)who use the Internet．The Internet is developing very quickly，so we need to find ways to make it safer．and to keep other people from seeing our secrets．Another problem is that many children are good at using computers．They can use the Internet to go anywhere，even to the sites that are only for adults．There are many adult sites about sex and violence．If children want to see them，they can find them easily．They aren?t blocked，and this can be very harmful for children．

It is very difficult to solve this problem．We can?t say it?s only the parents? responsibility because the Internet is a new technology to them．Instead，it should first be limited or ruled by the government．Then parents should try to learn about this system so that this problem can be solved gradually．

1．The writer thinks that _______________．

A．the Internet can only be used to find information B．the Internet can?t be used by children

C．the Internet are useful but there are disadvantages D．we can?t do anything without the Internet now

2．It can be inferred from the second paragraph that__________.

A．the telephone company is a big hacker B．the telephone company did that together with hackers C．nothing is safe on the Internet D．that telephone company?s information was stolen by hackers 3．How many negative aspects are mentioned in the passage?

A．Two．B．Three．C．One．D．Four．

4．Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?

A．Parents should take more care of the children who like surfing the net．

B．Some sites which are not fit for children should be controlled．

C．Governments should do something to make the Internet cleaner．

D．Teachers should teach students to stay away from the Internet

5．Computers are harmful to children；the reason is that

A．they are good at using them B．they can use the Internet to go anywhere

C．they see many films on the Internet D．they go to the sites about sex and violence

单元测试

I 第一节单项选择（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）

1. _____ speaking, a person must care much about his ____, because it is not only a personal thing, but also a social one.

A. Personal; personality

B. Personally; personality

C. Personally; personal

D. Personality; personal

2. — The floor is dirty.

— Yes. It _______ for two days.

A. hasn?t swept

B. didn?t sweep

C. hasn?t cleaned

D. hasn?t been cleaned

3. Mary worked very hard in the last semester. ______, she did very well in her studies.

A. At the beginning

B. As a result 12. We?ll take a honeymoon trip to Venice. Would you like to _____ my dog for me while we are away?

A. look at

B. search for

C. watch over

D. care about

13. Life is a thing one can?t live all to oneself, but a thing one ______ others.

A. talks with

B. likes with

C. shares with

D. loves with

14. — How did the blind man go home yesterday?

— ______

A. I don?t want to.

B. Can you do me a favor?

C. You?d better not.

D. With the help of a dog.

15. — Sorry, I got a bad cold yesterday.

— Every time you are absent, you _______ an excuse.

A. take up

B. give up

C. send up

D. make up

C. However

D. Fortunately

4. — I bought a new PC yesterday.

— Oh, ______

A. how do you like it?

B. thank you so much

C. why do bad things happen to good people?

D. I really have no idea.

5. I am fond of music while my sister likes reading novels. It seems that we have nothing ______.

A. in like

B. in common

C. in same

D. in similar

6. The police are to ______ the traffic accident that we don?t know _____.

A. dealing with; how to deal with

B. deal with; how to deal with

C. deal with; how to do with

D. do with; what to deal with

7. — Professor Lin, can I be absent from your lecture tomorrow?

— ______

A. Great news, isn?t it?

B. I can?t agree with you.

C. Give me your reasons.

D. Thank you for your help.

8. My little brother never does any reading in the evening, and _____.

A. so does Mike

B. Mike does so

C. Mike doesn?t too

D. nor does Mike

9. This passage has too many long sentences. I?m afraid they will be hard for most of the students. Could you help to _______ them?

A. mix

B. take

C. destroy

D. simplify

10. By 2012, I have grown as tall as 180 cm, and I wonder if I ______ grow taller.

A. would

B. will

C. /

D. am

11. By 25, my dream of being an actor _______ at last.

A. has come true

B. will come true

C. had come true

D. comes true

12. We?ll take a honeymoon trip to Venice. Would you like to _____ my dog for me while we are away?

A. look at

B. search for

C. watch over

D. care about

13. L ife is a thing one can?t live all to oneself, but a thing one ______ others.

A. talks with

B. likes with

C. shares with

D. loves with

14. — How did the blind man go home yesterday?

— ______

A. I don?t want to.

B. Can you do me a favor?

C. Yo u?d better not.

D. With the help of a dog.

15. — Sorry, I got a bad cold yesterday.

— Every time you are absent, you _______ an excuse.

A. take up

B. give up

C. send up

D. make up

III．阅读理解

A

King Midas used to love gold. One day he met a fairy who allowed him to make a wish for something. The king replied at once, ……I love gold. I want everything I touch to change into gold”. ……Very well, tomorrow morning, everything you touch will turn into gold.” Saying this, the fairy disappeared.

The king waited excitedly till the next morning. To his joy, everything he touched changed immediately into gold. ……I?m the richest man in the world now.” He shouted.

Soon Midas became hungry. He sat down at his tabl e. All the foods and drinks turned into gold in his hand. ……I?m dying of hunger.” He cried.

Just then his daughter came running in. ……Why are you so sad, dad?” she asked, putting her arms around him. There and then she became a golden statue. The king loved his daughter very much .Seeing this, he began to cry. He looked up and suddenly saw the fairy before him. ……Don?t you like the golden touch?” asked the fairy. ……Please take it away,” begged the king, ……give me back my daughter.” ……Well, you have le arned your lesson. Go and wash in the river. Then the golden touch will be gone.”

The king ran quickly to the nearby river.

16 . The fairy allowed the king to make a wish because_____ A. She hoped to make the king the richest in the world. B. She loved gold too.

C. She wanted to teach the king a lesson.

D. She wanted to turn the king?s daughter into gold.

17 . When the foods and drinks turned into gold the king was _____

A. excited

B. hungry

C. worried D happy

18. The king?s dau ghter became a golden statue when _____

A. she saw her father

B. the king went to meet her

C. she put her arms around her father

D. the king loved her very much

19. Which of the following might have happened afterwards?

A. The king died in the river.

B. The king?s daughter changed back from gold to a lovely girl.

C. All the things the king had touched changed back into real ones.

D. Both B and C

20. What do you think the story tries to tell us?

A. Gold makes people unhappy.

B. More gold, more happiness.

C. Gold is not the thing that makes life happy.

D. People feel happy if they have not gold.

B

Excuse me, Mrs. Jones .Would you mind doing me a favor ? I was just going out shopping. But as soon as I shut my front door, I realized that I had left my key in the house. So when I get back, I will not be able to get in .It was very silly of me.

I needn?t have come out at all, because all the vegetables an d fruits had been bought by my husband. I only wanted some salt. May I come in and clime over the fence into my back garden? That?s very kind of you. I wish I did not give you so much trouble.

21. Mrs. Jones was the speaker?s_____

A. boss

B. next-door neighbour

C. friend

D. sister

22. This speech was made_____

A. before the speaker went out shopping

B. when the speaker went back after shopping

C. while she was shutting the front door

D. after her husband returned from the office

23. The speaker was going out to_____

A. drop in on Mrs. Jones

B. buy some vegetables and fruit

C. g et some salt

D. go to her husband

24. Mrs. Jones _____

A. refused to help her

B. agreed to let her in

C. g ave her some salt

D. telephoned her husband

25. What is the best title of the passage?

A. Please do me a favor

B. The life of a housewife

C. I want some salt only

D. Excuse me, Mrs. Jones

C

It doesn?t matter when and how much a person sleeps, but everyone needs some rest to stay alive. That?s what all doctors thought, until they heard about Al Herpin. Al Herpin, it was said, never slept. Could this be true? The doctors decided to see this strange man themselves.

Al Herpin was 90 years old when the doctors came to his home in New Jersey. They thought for sure that he got some sleep of some kind. So they stayed with him and watched every movement he made. But they were surprised.

Though they watched him hour after hour and day after day, they never saw him sleeping. In fact, he did not even own a bed. He never needed one.

The only rest that Herpin sometimes got was sitting in a comfortable chair and reading newspapers. The doctors were puzzled by this strange continuous sleeplessness. They asked him many questions, hoping to find an answer. They found only one answer that might explain his condition. Herpin remembered some talk about his mother having been injured several days before he was born. But that was all. Was this the real reason? No one could be sure.

Herpin died at the age of 94.

26. The main idea of this passage is that_____

A. large numbers of people do not need sleep

B. a person was found who actually didn?t need any sleep

C. everyone needs some sleep to stay alive

D. p eople can live longer by trying not to sleep

27. The doctors came to visit Herpin, expecting_____

A. to cure him of his sleeplessness

B. to find that his sleeplessness was not really true

C. to find out why some old people did not need any sleep

D. to find a way to free people from the need of sleeping

28. After watching him closely, the doctors came to believe that Al herpin _____

A. needed some kind of sleep

B. was too old to need any sleep

C. needed no sleep at all

D. often sleep in a chair

29. One reason that might explain Herpin?s sleeplessness was _____

A. his mother?s injury before he was born

B. that he had gradually got rid of the sleeping habit

C. his magnificent physical condition

D. that he hadn?t got a bed

30. Al Herpin?s condition could be regarded as ______

A. a common one

B. one that could be cured

C. very healthy

D. a rare one

D Bet Winner

MILLBURN, New Jersey—An 11-year-old boy, he gave up television for a year in a bet with his mother, says he will use some of the money to buy himself an astronaut?s suit. The bet ended at 9:01 on Monday morning, but Benjamin waited until his mother, Roslyn, handed him five 100-dollar bills in front of a gathering of newspapermen in the afternoon before switching on the TV. During the past year, he has filled his time reading and his grades have improved from ……satisfactory” to ……very good.”

CHINA DAIL Y, Wednesday, March 4, 1987

31. Who lost a bet to whom?

A. The boy?s mother to his father

B. Benjamin?s father to Roslyn

C. Benjamin to his mother

D. Roslyn to Benjamin

32. For how long had the boy kept himself from turning on the TV?

A. From Monday morning till afternoon

B. For one year and several hours

C. For one year and a day

D. For one year 33. Why did the mother hand the bills to the boy?

A. Because his grades had improved

B. Because he had won some money

C. Because he wanted to buy an astron aut?s suit

D. Because she had given him her promise

34. Why do you think the newspapermen came?

A. They came to judge who should be the winner

B. They came to congratulate the winner

C. They came for the money

D. They came for the news

35. The mother obviously believed that

A. children shouldn?t watch TV too much

B. children should have their own money

C. children should be regarded as their parents? equals

D. children?s interest in space sh ould be encouraged 五．短文改错

Every summer many people, girls and women, so well as 36. ________

boys and men, trying to swim from England to France or from 37. ________

France to England. The distance at the nearest point is only 38. ________

about 21.7 miles, but because the strong tides, they usually 39. ________

have to swim more than twice as far. The first man succeeded 40. ________

in swimming the English Channel was a captain, an Englishmen. 41. ________

That was in August 1895. Since then on there have been 42. ________

many more successful swimmers. In 1960 a Canada crossed 43. ________

the Channel within 10 hours and 23 minutes. Because sea 44. ________

is quite cold, swimmers cover their bodies in grease(油脂). 10. ________