新视角研究生英语读说写1(1——8单元)课后翻译答案
第一单元
[A]1. The restaurant industry has one thing in common with the film industry: the high failure rate among its small businesses.
餐饮行业与电影行业的共同之处在于其小型企业的失败率很高.
2. His greatness lies in his outstanding ability to connect the qualities of a scientist with those of an industrialist.
他的伟大在于他具有非凡的能力把科学家和实业家的品质结合起来了.
3. We have replaced ethnic identity with professional identity, the way we replaced neighborhoods with the workplace, which is quite obvious among the mobile professions.
像工作单位取代居住地一样,我们的种族身份已被职业身份所取代.这一现象在流动作业的行业中表现得尤为明显.
4. Plainly, in any large enterprise the boss cannot be directly involved in everything, and some means have to be found to transfer his belief to others.
显然,任何一家大公司的老板都不可能事事亲力亲为,需要找到一些方法把他们的理念传达给他人.
5. No one was willing to experience the feeling of being out of control and dependent on someone else?s approval, at someone else?s mercy.
没有任何人愿意再过那种自己无法控制、要别人认可、任人摆布的日子了.
6. The human being longs for a sense of being accomplished, of being able to do things, with his hand, with his mind and with his will.
人们渴望一种成就感,渴望有能力凭自己的手、自己的脑、自己的意志办成事情.
7. The government hopes that sale of a chunk of its assets will help make up for its loss.
政府希望通过大量出售资产来弥补损失.
8. In modern society, people are more likely to be identified by their professions, rather than by their communities.
现代社会里人们的身份更多地由他们所从事的职业,而不是他们所生活的社区来界定.
9. Careers jobs and work do much more than most of us realize to provide happiness and contentment.
职业和工作在使人得到幸福与满足方面所起的作用比我们大多数人意识到的要多得多.
10. We did have an investigation with regard to the issue, but we should not comment on it.
我们的确对这个事件进行了调查,但不会对正在进行的调查作任何评论.
[B] 11、Not all the neighborhoods are empty, nor is every workplace a friendly playground. Most of us have had mixed experiences in these environments. Yet as one woman told me recently, she knows more about the people she passes on the way to her desk than on her way around the block. Our new sense of community hasn?t just moved from house to office building. The labels that we wear connect us with members from distant companies, cities, and states. We assume that we have something “in common” with other teachers, nurses, city planners.
不是所有的住宅区都是空的，也不是所有的工作单位都是友好的。多数人在这些环境里都曾有过复杂的经历。然而，最近一位女性朋友告诉我她对工作单位里的人的了解程度要胜于对同一街区人的了解程度。我们不仅把社区的概念从住宅区搬进了办公楼，上班时身上所佩戴的标志也把我们和异国他乡的人们和公司员工联系在一起。我们假设自己和其他的教师、护士、城市规划者有着某些共同点。
12、It?s not unlike the experience of our immigrant grandparents. Many who came to this country still identified themselves as members of the Italian community, the Irish communtiy, the Polish community. They sought out and assumes connection with people from the old country, Many of us have updated that experience. We have replaced ethnic identity with professional identity, the way we replaced neighborhood with the workplace. This whole realignment of community is surely most obvious among the mobile professions. People who move from city to city seem to put roots into their professions. In an age of specialists, they may have to search harder to find people who speak the same language.
这有点像最初移民来到美国的我们的祖辈们的经历，许多人来到这里后把自己原来的国籍当成一个社区，所以有意大利人社区、爱尔兰人社区、波兰社区等。他们不断寻找并设想自己与来自同一个国家的人们有着亲密的联系。我们把这种体验提升了一步。像用工作单位取代居住地一样，我们用专业身份取代了种族身份。这种社区的完全重组在流动作业的行业中表现得最为明显，那些在不同城市变换工作的人似乎把自己的身份植根于他们的行业中。在这个充满专业人士的时代，他们不得不费尽周折去寻找有共同语言的人。
第二单元
[A] 1. 尽管已历经无数失败，凯瑟琳仍然相信她能把儿子培养成为世界冠军。Although she has gone through numerous failures, Katherine still believes that she could make a world champion of her son.
2. 这个培训项目其实不算糟糕，但如果它的课程再实用一点就更好了。
This training program is not really a bad experience. But I would have liked it better if the courses had been a bit more practical.
3. 你应该没这么笨，竟然会打开一个可疑的附件。
You should have known better than to open a suspicious attachment.
4. 他不幸在一次意外的交通事故中丧生，留下尚未做完的实验。
Unfortunately he died from a sudden traffic accident, leaving the experiment half-done.
5. 那个街角的食品市场能改建成花园，岂不是更好吗？
Wouldn?t it be better if the food market on the street corner could be turned into a garden?
6. 尽管我竭力想讨好每一个人，但说话却好像总是不合时宜。
Much as I am eager to please everyone, I seem never be able to speak out the right thing at the right time.
7. 这个小玩意儿是送给老年人的好礼物，它能精确地跟踪血压。
This little gadget makes a good present for the elderly，for it can keep accurate track of one?s blood pressure.
8. 简总是在为下一项成就而努力，从来没有时间坐下来欣赏自己已经取得的成绩。Jane is always working so hard to achieve the next thing and she never has time to sit back and pat herself on the back about the things that she has already done.
9. 汤姆审时度势，决定缩小企业规模，后来证明这是明智之举。
Tom sized up the situation, and decided to downsize his business, which turned out to be a wise decision.
10. 我们学校仅仅维持现状是不够的，它应该加速发展，力争成为中国最好的大学之一。
[B]21、Onward and upward was the course she set. Small progress was no excuse for feeling satisfied with yourself. People who stopped to pat themselves on the back didn?t last long. Even if you got to the top, you …d better not take it easy. “The bigger they come, the harder
they fall” was one of her favorite maxims.
进取、进取、再进取，这是母亲给我设定的方向。小小的进步是不足以自我满足的。那些因成功而沾沾自喜停下来欣赏自己的人是不会持久的。即使你已经到达顶峰，你也最好不要放松。爬得越高，摔得越痛，是母亲的至理名言。
32、It wasn?t the gin that was shouting. It was my mother. The gin only gave me the courage to announce to them that yes, by God, I had always believed in success, had always believed that without hard work and self-discipline you could never amount to anything, and didn?t deserve to.
其实不是杜松子酒在吼，是我的母亲在吼。酒只是借给了我勇气向他们宣布那个想法。是的，上帝可以作证，我一直相信成功，一直相信如果没有辛勤的劳动和严格的自律，一个人不可能有任何成就，也不配有成就。
第三单元
Unit three
[A] 1. 当一个人处于“经历中的沙漠”——一段感到毫无出路、甚至毫无希望的时期，最重要的是不要让自己陷入荒漠之中无法自拔。
When someone is in “desert of experience”— a period of feeling barren of options, even hope, the most important thing is not to allow himself to be stranded in the desert.
2. 经济来源耗尽，还有一大家人需要供养，吉米起初想逃避，但最终靠着顽强的勇气和乐观的性格挺了过来。
With financial resources exhausted and the pressure of a big family to support, Jimmy wanted to escape at first but finally his courage and good humor saw him through.
3. 有人认为在人生的任何阶段开始一种新的生涯都为时不晚。
Someone believes that it is never too late to embark on a new career in any period of life.
4. 在经历重大打击之后，明智的做法是勇敢面对挑战，而不是逃避。
What makes sense is to face the challenge rather than run away from the troubles after suffering a significant loss.
5. 玛丽靠她在餐馆工作的微薄收入，几乎无法维持生活。
With the small income from her restaurant job, Mary could barely make ends meet.
6. 人们逐渐明白了失败并不是可怕的东西，而是人生的宝贵经历。
It dawns on people that failure is nothing to be afraid of. But it is a precious experience in life.
7. 在毕业典礼上，校长预祝同学们在事业上不断取得进步。
The president wishes every student to forge ahead on the career ladder at the commencement ceremony.
8. 科学家们正在对吸烟者和抑郁者进行研究，试图解决这些复杂的生理和心理问题。Scientists are studying smokers and the people with depression in an attempt to sort out their complicated physical and psychological problems.
9. 大多数家长不是竭力防止失败就是竭力不让孩子们知道他们已经失败。
Most parents work hard at either preventing failure or shielding their children from the knowledge that they have failed.
10. 每个人都不可能十全十美。因此，对自己宽容些。
No one can be perfect, so be easy on oneself.
[B] 1. Defining who is great depends on how one measures success.
对伟人的定义取决于人们如何衡量成功。
2. “There?s a tendency to think that they are endowed with something super-normal” he
explained. “But what comes out of the resea rch is that there are great people who have no amazing intellectual processes.”
“人们往往认为他们具备一些超常非凡的东西，”他解释道。“但研究表明，有的伟人并没有惊人的智力。”
3. Greatness is built on tremendous amounts of study, practice and devotion.
伟人的伟大建立在大量的学习、实践及其献身精神的基础之上。
4. Thrust into office when his country?s morale was at the lowest, Churchill rose brilliantly to lead the British people.
丘吉尔在全国上下士气最为低落的时候被推上台，并出色地领导了英国人民。
5. In a speech following the Allied evacuation at Dunkirk in 1940, he inspired the nation when he said, “We shall not fl ag or fail. We shall go on to the end ... We shall never surrender.”
在1940 年盟军敦刻尔克大撤退之后的一次讲演中，他的话激励了全国人民，“我们一定不会衰退、失败。我们将坚持到底……我们永远不会屈服。”
第四单元
[A] 1.在当今社会，广告几乎完全成为致力于描写快乐的现代表达方式。
In modern society, advertising has become one modern form of expression almost completely dedicated to depicting happiness.
2.讲座永远不会从大学的舞台上完全消失，因为它们来源于一个久远的传统，而大学这个环境为了其自身的利益又理所当然地尊重传统。
Lectures will never entirely disappear from the university scene, because they spring from a long tradition in a setting that rightly values tradition for its own sake.
3.这对夫妻永远体会不到做父母的乐趣, 除非他们有了自己的孩子。
Short of having their own children, the couple can never experience the pleasure of being parents.
4.他把别人的成功看成是一种挑战、一种动力。他不断告诉自己他应该比别人做得更好。He takes other?s success as a kind of challenge and motivat ion. He keeps telling himself that he should do better than others.
5.如果欢乐与愉快等于幸福，则痛苦就等于不幸福。但实际上能带来幸福的事往往与痛苦相联系。
If fun and pleasure are equated with happiness, then pain must be equated with unhappiness. The truth is that things that lead to happiness involve some pain.
6.为了让孩子能得到成为一个音乐家所需要的一切，那些经济不宽裕的家庭对任何牺牲都在所不惜。
In homes where money was tight, no sacrifice was too great in order that the child has whatever he needed to learn to become a musician.
7.只要明白欢乐并不带来幸福，我们就会开始以不同的态度来生活
As long as we understand that fun does not bring happiness, we can begin to lead our lives differently.
8.如果我们真正得到了自己想要的，就会不停地想我们没有的——于是我们就老是不满。If we do get what we want we?ll keep thinking of all that we don?t possess—and we will remain dissatisfied
9.唯一真正能平衡事业与家庭的方式是对你的生活价值观深思熟虑，并按此生活。
The only way to truly balance your career with family life is to think long and hard about
your life values and live by them.
10.任何人想要生活既硕果累累又充满欢乐，他就应处理好工作和娱乐的关系
Anyone who wants to have a both fruitful and cheerful life should deal well with the relationship between work and play.
[B] 1. It?s easy to overlook the pleasure we get from loving and being loved, the company of friends, the freedom to live where we please, and even good health.
我们可以从爱和被爱中感到快乐，从朋友的相伴中感到愉快，为能随意到处居留而感到喜悦，甚至会为了身体健康而高兴，可是这些快乐很容易被忽视。
2. We, on the other hand, with so many choices and such pressure to succeed in every area, have turned happiness into one more thing we “gotta have.”
另一方面，由于我们有许多选择并想在各个领域获得成功的压力，我们把幸福变成了我们“必须得到”的另外一种东西。
3. So we chase it and equate it with wealth and success, without noticing that people who have those things aren?t necessarily happier.
所以我们追求幸福，将幸福与财富和成功等同起来，没有注意到拥有这一切的人不一定更幸福。
4. Happiness isn?t about what happens to us —it?s about how we perceive what happens to us. It?s the knack of finding a positive for every negative, and viewing a setback as a challenge.
幸福不在于我们周围所发生的一切，而在于我们如何去看待我们周围所发生着的一切事情。这是一种从不利中找到有利，将挫折看作是激励的诀窍。
5. It?s not wishing for what we don?t have, but cherishing what we do possess.
幸福并不是时时去盼望得到我们所没有的，而是要珍惜我们拥有的！
第五单元
[A] 1. 但愿我从来没有买过智能电器！
God forbid it if ever I had bought smart appliances!
2. 他关心国家大事，每天都看报纸。
He is concerned about state affairs and keeps reading newspapers every day.
3. 谈到高速攀升的房价，，舆论普遍认为无论政府还是房地产商都难逃其责。
When it comes to the rocketing price of housing, the media generally agree that neither the government nor land developers can shrink from their responsibilities.
4. 在随意参观当地二手书店的时候，我看到原来越多从图书馆流失出来的图书。Visiting local bookshops for second-hand books at random, I came across more and more books that had come from libraries.
5. 即使你读了用户手册，也不能开动你的洗衣机。
Even if you read Owner?s Manual, you can?t operate your washing machine.
6. 这个职位有很多人申请，所以你和人事主管联系之前，你得先想出自己有什么特别之处。
This job position has attracted many applicants, so before you contact with the personnel officer, you need to figure out what is unique about yourself.
7. 这外交部长迅速地采取了一种更加温和的论调，人们普便认为这至少暂时挽救了他岌岌可危的政治生涯。
The Minister of Foreign Affairs quickly adopted a more temperate tone, which was generally thought at least temporarily to have saved his shaky political career.
8. 人类历史已经反复证明伟人经常不为他人理解，更糟糕的是被他人误解。
It has been proved time and again by human history that great men are too often unknown, what is worse, misunderstood by others.
9. 这种紧张情绪很快感染了人群中所有的人,我们都屏住呼吸观看究竟会发生什么。The tension soon transmitted itself to all the members of the crowd, and we all held our breath to watch what would happen.
10. 为了核实被告是否承认了所有的罪行，法庭决定让他与证人对质。
To check whether the accused men had confessed all his crimes, the court decided to confront him with a witness.
[B] 1.From my own experience, practical play exposes all sorts of weaknesses and strengths in my play that are hidden during preparation.
根据我的经验，实际下棋的时候会暴露出我在准备过程中隐藏的各种弱点和长处。
2. On top of that, all his games were accessible to the Deep Blue team, while he was in the dark about Deep Blue.
最要紧的是，深蓝队可以得到他的所有对局，但是他对深蓝队的情况却一无所知。
3. Humans, too, play weaker in unfamiliar situations and though they may find their way around better, machines can compensate for that with brute force.
在陌生的环境下人类的表现也更差，而且即使人类可能摸索到更好的方法，机器也可以用物质的力量来弥补。
4. Unfortunately, as a result, we were never able to see the fabulous calculating abilities of Deep Blue.
很不幸，结果是我们从来也不能看到深蓝奇妙的计算能力
5. IBM can hardly risk the reputation of its “blue-eyed” baby against some PC or mere mortal. So the rest of us (6,000,000,000 minus Kasparov) are left with more questions than answers. BM几乎不可能用它的“蓝眼”婴孩的声誉来挑战某台微机或是某位凡人。所以我们当中其余的人（除了卡斯帕洛夫以外的60亿人）看到的更多的是问题而不是答案。
第六单元
[A]1. 这对双胞胎姐妹总是一起出场,用同样的声调讲话,所以我们都不能分出谁是谁. The twin sister always appeared together, speaking in the same tone, thus none of us could tell them from each other.
2. 教授在推荐信中为他最喜欢的学生美言,尽管这位学生已经退学两年了.
The professor put in word for his favorite student in the recommendation letter, although this student had quit college for two years.
3. 俄国人在陆军和空军方面都已占了德国人的上风.
The Russians, both on land and in the air, had then the upper hand of the Germans.
4. 因为作弊被大学开除后,他身处困境.
After being expelled from university for cheating in the exam, he was up the creek now.
5. 在学生家长的要求下,学校允许学生在家里上晚自习.
At the request of the students? parents, the school allowed the students to study at home in the evening.
6. 他们不接受这份报告,因为报告完全违背了社会标准.
They didn?t accept the report, because it came out totally against the social standard.
7. 经历许多坎坷曲折之后,这个天真的小姑娘最后变得世故起来,学会了如何应付困难. With many twists and turns, the na?ve little girl finally became sophisticated, learning how to deal with difficulties.
8. 尽管持异议者被社会认为是怪人,他们却深受年轻人的欢迎.
Although mavericks are condemned as eccentrics by the society, they are deeply welcomed by the youth.
9. 多亏那个慈善团体的帮助,一度辍学的贫困学生才能继续接受教育.
Thanks to the help from that charity organization, poor students who once dropped out from school can continue their education.
10. 为了倾注皇室家庭访问这座小城,居民们在街上洒满鲜花.
To celebrate the loyal family?s visit to the small town, the local residents strewed all the paths with flowers.
[B] 3、To hold this opinion, however, is little short of treason in America. A boy or girl who leaves college is branded a failure—and the right to fail is one of the few freedoms that this country does not grant its citizens. The American dream of “getting ahead”, painted in strokes of gold wherever we look. Our advertisements and TV commercials are a hymn to material success, our magazine articles a toast to people who made it to the top. Smoke the right cigarette or drive the right cat---so the ads imply---and the girls will be swooning into your deodorized arms or caressing your expensive lapels. Happiness goes to the man who has the sweet smell of achievement. He is our national idol, and everybody else is our national fink.
然而在美国,持有这种观点差不多就是背叛.中途离开学校的孩子们被丑化成失败者---失败的权利是美国政府没有赋予国民的少数几个自由之一.美国之梦是”成功”之梦,凡是我们放眼之处都是一片金光灿烂.宣传广告和电视广告歌颂物质方面的成功,杂志文章赞誉获得此类成功的人.广告暗示你:吸适合你身份的烟、开适合你身份的车，女孩们就会陶醉在你那没有异味的怀抱之中，抚摸你那昂贵的衣领。幸福只青睐那些散发出成功的甜蜜气味的人。他是全体国民的偶像，其他所有人则是国家的蛀虫。
第七单元
[A]1. Mike found that he couldn?t remain seated any mor e while she was striding to and fro across the office.
2. His character is shaped less by his education at school than by his life experience.
3. As a mother, she always shares the pride in what her children have accomplished.
4. It is a defining feature of the modern society that more and more women go out of home and pursue a career.
5. It is generally assumed that at postgraduate level the students can take better care of themselves
and don?t need guidance anymore.
6. Never before had I noticed that there is such a variety of family structures in our society.
7. The healthy development of a child hinges largely on the love and care from both parents.
8.The sharp decline in the well-being ideas of the ancient Greeks in a form that is easy to understand.
9. This book gives you the distilled ideas of the ancient Greeks in a form that is easy to understand.
10. Usually the middle-aged don?t spend on their parents as much as they do on their children.
[B] 1. 现代社会的一大妄言是认为家庭是具有“可塑性”的制度，可以因适应不断变化的需求而改变。
2. 实际上人们对于家庭形式多元化的尝试使社会秩序愈发混乱，而政府既不能控制也不可能扭转这种混乱局面。
3. 我们的常识、历史教训以及人类学家的研究实际上都以为家庭是一种普遍而必要的制度。
4. 家庭通常定义是：一男一女通过社会认可的婚姻契约联结在一起，以便规范性行为，相互关心，相互支持，建立家庭经济，生养并保护孩子，使家庭血脉代代相传。
5. 这种非此即彼的选择植根于人的天性，代表了社会唯一长久持续的选择。
第八单元
[A] 1. Nowadays what get talked about is not how to enjoy life on the campus, but how to have a paper published, or how to find a good job.
2. Campus life is supposed to be happy and relaxed, full of fun activities, but my life is under great pressure.
3. If you're still wondering what this internship program is all about, check out the company website, where the director of the program, John Brown, gives a more detailed description.
4. Many young people believe that one could be happy only if one work hard and play hard.
5. My new life as a postgraduate student didn't quite turn out as I hoped, but I tried to adapt myself to it, and enjoyed meeting every unexpected challenge.
6. The boss often talks about work plans for the weekends as if they were no different from the ones for weekdays.
7. Can we conclude that we are in a society which values sports more than research and education just because the professional athletes are paid much more than even Nobel Prize winning scientists?
8. The root of the fierce competition in the present job market, when it is mentioned at all, is the booming population.
9. After a brief period in the employment of others, I set up my own company, but the venture ended in tears.
10. Prof. Smith, the leading researcher in this field, studied all the factors at play for the change.
[B]4、Funny. This is how the U.S. was supposed to be. In a famous series of essays collected in his 1976 book, The Cultural Contradictions of Capitalism, Daniel Bell noted how the decline of the Protestant small- town ethic had unhinged American capitalism from its moral foundation of capitalism (had ) become hedonism, the idea of please as a way of life.” In a 1969 cover story titled “California: A State of Excitement,”Time reported that, as most Americans saw it, “the good, godless,gregarious pursuit of pleasure is what California is all about…. …I have seen the future,? says the newly returned visitor to California, …and it plays.?”真是可笑！这本该是美国的模样嘛！丹尼尔?贝尔1976年出版《资本主义文化矛盾》一书，书中收录的一系列著名文章描述了新教徒小镇式道德观的衰落怎样动摇了美国资本主义的道德基础和对工作内在价值的认识。20世纪60年代，贝尔声称，“资本主义文化经过拨乱反正已变成了享乐主义文化，享受成为生活的一种方式。”1969年《时代周刊》一篇名为《加利福尼亚：充满刺激之州》的封面故事中写道，“追寻美好的、非宗教的、交际性的快乐已经成了加利福尼亚的全部。每个刚去过加州的人都说，‘我看到了未来，自由自在的娱乐在发挥作用。’”当时绝大多数美国人对报道中提及的情况都是有目共睹的。
2019考研英语一真题翻译参考答案及解析
2019考研英语一真题翻译参考答案及解析 考研历年真题一定要用好，研究好。结合大纲和真题来选择辅导用书是最明智的。本文带大家回顾2019考研英语一真题翻译参考答案及解析： Part C Directions: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points) It was only after I started to write a weekly column about the medical journals, and began to read scientific papers from beginning to end, that I realised just how bad much of the medical literature frequently was. I came to recognise various signs of a bad paper: the kind of paper that purports to show that people who eat more than one kilo of broccoli a week were 1.17 times more likely than those who eat less to suffer late in life from pernicious anaemia. (46) There is a great deal of this kind of nonsense in the medical journals which, when taken up by broadcasters and the lay press, generates both health scares and short-lived dietary enthusiasms. Why is so much bad science published? A recent paper, titled “The Natural Selection of Bad Science”, published on the Royal Society’s open science website, attempts to answer this intriguing and important question. It says that the problem is not merely that people do bad science, but that our current system of career advancement positively encourages it. What is important is not truth, but publication, which has become almost an end in itself. There has been a kind of inflationary process at work: (47) nowadays anyone applying for a research post has to have published twice the number of papers that would have been required for the same post only 10 years ago. Never mind the quality, then, count the number. (48) Attempts have been made to curb this tendency, for example, by trying to incorporate some measure of quality as well as quantity int o the assessment of an applicant’s papers. This is the famed citation index, that is to say the number of times a paper has been quoted elsewhere in the scientific literature, the assumption being that an important paper will be cited more often than one of small account. (49) This would be reasonable if it were not for the fact that scientists can easily arrange to cite themselves in their future publications, or get associates to do so for them in return for similar favours. Boiling down an individual’s o utput to simple metrics, such as number of publications or journal impacts, entails considerable savings in time, energy and ambiguity. Unfortunately, the long-term costs of using simple quantitative metrics to assess researcher merit are likely to be quite great. (50) If we are serious about ensuring that our science is both meaningful and reproducible, we must ensure that our institutions encourage that kind of science. 46-50参考答案及解析：
研究生英语一课后翻译答案
①A. 从更大的范围上讲，选民们往往仅因为某个政客的外表整洁清秀而对他做出有利的反应。他的对手则因为没有生就一副令人信任的外表而常常遭到否定的评价。这种判断是错误的，其后果可能是灾难性的。就算许多选民投一位候选人的票完全是出于政治原因，但本不该当选的人，如果他有整洁清秀的形象，就会使他在势均力敌的选举中占有优势。我们常常根据一个人的表达能力而做出轻率的判断。再回到政治这一话题上来，许多选民仅仅根据候选人公开演讲的方式就对他的能力做出判断。然而，一个候选人可能非常善于演说，但并不一定能胜任他所竞选的职位。我认识许多才能杰出的人物，他们只是没有培养自己在公开场合演讲的能力，但在与别人一对一的交流中却表现极为出色。这种能充分表达自己见解的能力，固然十分重要，但我们对于那些让人感觉善于辞令的人，往往产生错误的印象，因为很多情况下这种优点仅仅只是“表面现象”。不难想象，一位外表整洁清秀、讲话娓娓动听的政治家会轻而易举地战胜一位不事张扬但更为合格的对手。他之所以取胜仅仅是因为他的形象令人信服。 B. If you want a winning image with others, your first concern must be a winning self-image. The individual who has a losing self-image will never be able to project a winning image to others. He may be able to fool some people for a while, but his poor self-image will eventually make it impossible for him to relate favorably to others. Throughout the ages, great philosophers have stated, “You are what you think you are.”It is imperative for you to have good image of yourself if you want to create the same impression in others. No matter who you are, everything worthwhile will depend on your own self-image. Your happiness will be based on it. You will live only one life, and in order to enjoy it, you must have a winning self-image. Since we can all choose how we want to think ourselves, we should try to have positive, winning thoughts. In your own attempt to build a winning image you must begin with the self —otherwise, the image you strive for will be supported by nothing but a sand foundation. Any athlete will tell you that you must know you’re a winner in order to be one. To many, this kind of message will sound like double-talk, but it contains an essential truth. Although you can apply this same message to anything in life, I will use athletics as the basis for illustrating my thoughts about self-images because sports involve physical exertion by which desired results can be achieved. ②学习艺术的过程可以很方便地分为两个部分：一是精通理论；二是善于实践。如果我想学习医学，我必须首先了解人体结构和各种疾病。当我具有了这些理论知识以后，我并不能胜任医学工作。只有经过大量的实践，我才能掌握这门学科，直到最终我把所掌握的理论知识和实践收获结合起来，并融合为一体——即成为我的直觉知识，这才是掌握任何一门学科的本质。然而，除学习理论和实践以外，在任何一门学科上想成为专家还必需有第三个因素——那就是，掌握这门艺术是你最关心的事情，在这个世界上肯定没有比这门学科更为重要的东西了。这一点适用于音乐、医学、木工——也适合于爱情。这也可能正是问题的答案所在：为什么在我们的文化中人们即使已遭遇显而易见的失败，但人们很少去尝试学习爱这门艺术。虽然人们内心深藏着爱，但他们几乎把所有其他的东西如成功、名誉、金钱、权力都视为比爱更重要，几乎把所有的精力都用来学习如何实现这些目标了，几乎没有人去学习爱这门艺术。只有那些能赢得金钱和荣誉的东西才值得学习，而爱只是一件我们无权为之浪费许多精力的奢侈品，它只能使心灵获益、而毫无现代意义上的好处可言。难道果真如此吗？B. Intimacy, passion, and commitment are the warm, hot, and cold vertices of Sternberg’s love triangle. Alone and in combination they give rise to eight possible kinds of love relationships. The first is nonlove—absence of all three components. This describes the large majority of our personal relationships, which are simply causal interactions. The second kind of love is liking. “If you just have intimacy”, Sternberg explains, “that’s liking. You can talk to the person, tell about your life. And if that’s all there’s to it, that’s what we mean by liking.”It refers to the feelings experienced in true friendships. Liking includes such feelings as closeness and warmth but not the intense feelings of passion or commitment. If you just have passion, it’s called infatuated love—“love at first sight”that can arise almost instantaneously and dissipate just as quickly. It
研究生英语系列教材上unit1-原文+翻译
研究生英语系列教材上unit1-原文+翻译
TRAITS OF THE KEY PLAYERS 核心员工的特征 What exactly is a key play？ 核心员工究竟是什么样子的? A “Key Player” is a phrase that I've heard about from employers during just about every search I've conducted. 几乎每次进行调查时，我都会从雇主们那里听到“核心员工”这个名词。 I asked a client —a hiring manager involved in recent search — to define it for me. 我请一位客户——一位正参与研究的人事部经理，给我解释一下。 “Every company has a handful of staff in a given area of expertise that you can count on to get the job done. “每家公司都有少数几个这样的员工，在某个专业领域，你可以指望他们把活儿干好。 On my team of seven process engineers and biologists, I've got two or three whom I just couldn't live without,” he said. 在我的小组中，有七名化工流程工程师和生物学
家，其中有那么两三个人是我赖以生存的，”他说， “Key players are essential to my organization. “他们对我的公司而言不可或缺。 And when we hire your company to recruit for us, we expect that you'll be going into other companies and finding just: 当请你们公司替我们招募新人的时候，我们期待你们会去其他公司找这样的人： the staff that another manager will not want to see leave. 其他公司经理不想失去的员工。 We recruit only key players.” 我们只招募核心员工。” This in part of pep talk intended to send headhunters into competitor's companies to talk to the most experienced staff about making a change. 这是一段充满了鼓动性的谈话，目的是把猎头们派往竞争对手的公司去游说经验丰富的员工们做一次职业变更。
考研英语阅读理解全文翻译
Text1 Habits are a funny thing. We reach for them mindlessly, setting our brains on auto-pilot and relaxing into the unconscious comfort of familiar routine. “Not ch In but habit rules the unreflecting herd,” William Wordsworth said in the 19th century. the ever-changing 21st century, even the word “habit” carries a negative connotation. So it seems antithetical to talk about habits in the same context as creativity and innovation. 习惯是件有趣的事情。我们无意识间养成了一些习惯，我们的大脑是自动运 转的，轻松进入熟知套路所带来的不自觉舒适状态。“这并非选择，而是习惯控 制了那些没有思想的人”，这是威廉?华兹华斯（William Wordsworth）19世纪时 说的话。在现在这个日新月异的21世纪，甚至习惯这个词本身也带有负面涵义。 因此，在创造和革新的背景下来谈论习惯，似乎显得有点矛盾。 But brain researchers have discovered that when we consciously develop new habits, we create parallel synaptic paths, and even entirely new brain cells, that can jump our trains of thought onto new, innovative tracks. But don’t bother trying to kil off old habits; once those ruts of procedure are worn into the hippocampus, they there to stay. Instead, the new habits we deliberately ingrain into ourselves create parallel pathways that can bypass those old roads. 但大脑研究人员发现，当我们有意识地培养新的习惯的时候，我们创建了平 行路径，甚至是全新的脑细胞，可以让我们的思路跳转到新的创新轨道上来。但 是，不必费心试图摈弃各种旧习惯；一旦这些程序惯例融进大脑，它们就会留在 那里。相反，我们刻意培养的新习惯会创建平行路径能避开原来那些老路。 “The first thing needed for innovation is a fascination with wonder,” says D Markova, author of “The Open Mind” and an executive change consultant for Professional Thinking Partners. “But we are taught instead to ‘decide,’ just as decide is to kill off president calls himself ‘the Decider.’” She adds, however, that “to all possibilities but one. A good innovational thinker is always exploring the many other possibilities.” 大学英语
2020年考研英语一翻译真题及答案解析
2020年考研英语一翻译真题及答案解析 2017年考研英语考试已经结束!出国留学考研网在考后第一时间 为大家提供2017年考研英语一翻译真题及答案解析，更多考研资讯 请关注我们网站的更新! 2017年考研英语一翻译真题及答案解析 英语1文章明显偏学术，今年考察英语语言发展情况，文章选的英国文化教育协会，是雅思出题组织者。它的主席叫大卫格兰多的 一本书，叫《英语下一步》，他讲到整本书意思是英语将走向何处。 很有意思的是主席曾经这本书里说到了中文将以后成为世界语言。英语1考题作为序言部分作为考题。 今年英语1总体难度和去年相比，刚刚过去2016年考研题稳中 有一点点上升，没有任何难句出现，只是长句。我认为稳中上升。 第一句话有一个单词难一点，(英文)，英语全球性主导地位。翻译里没有考过。(英文)主导地位考过，但是是阅读里经常出现，翻 译都是可以的。这句话基本意思说到了，说英语的人进一步扩大， 这是一个(英文)状语从句。后面跟着有迹象表明，是主句，表明的 迹象是什么呢?从句，英语全球性主导地位在可预见地位将减弱。 fade(英文)略微有难度。我对考研阅读没有那么熟，但是2000 年出现过。如果按照新东方老师关注的精读方法来学习有很好的效果。 第二句话讲到了大卫这个人分析，会终结一些人的(英文)，他们或许会认为英语全球性地位是如此稳定。他们有一次词，是(英语) 如此稳定，英国年轻一代不需要额外学习其他的语言能力。但是会 终结年轻一代的能力。 但是组织的时候要注意一下，有些人认为英语语言地位如此稳定，英国年轻人没有必要学习什么，但是大卫的观点会终结这些人的想法。语序颠倒一下会更好。
研究生英语阅读教程(课后翻译部分答案)
LESSON 1 1.因为英语是个杀手,正是英语造成了坎伯兰语,康沃尔语,诺恩语和马恩语等语言的消亡.在这 些岛上还有相当多的人使用在英语到来之前就已存在的语言.然而,英语在日常生活中无处不在.所有的人或几乎所有的人都懂英语.英语对现存的凯尔特语:爱尔兰语、苏格兰盖尔语及威尔士语的威胁是如此之大，它们的未来岌岌可危。 2.同时，他认为这些政策和他称之为语言歧视（和种族歧、,性别歧视的情况类似"）的偏见密 切相关。在菲利普森看来，在以白人英语为主导的世界，最重要的机构和个人（有意或无意地）鼓励或者至少是容忍了（肯定没有反对）英语霸权主义式的传播。这种传播始于三个世纪之前的经济及殖民扩张。 3.总的来说，我们现在或多或少地把这些语言看作有利的语言。在谈到与之相关的文化及其为 世界所做的贡献时，我们常怀有崇敬与赞赏，而且这样做也没有太大的风险，因为这些语言现在已不会构成什么威胁。 4.然而，许多人把英语看成是一件幸事。在此，我暂且不谈任何世界语言所具有的明显优势， 例如广泛的通信网，强大的文化传媒体系，及强有力的文化教育机构。 5.讲英语的南非英国后裔并不强烈反对种族隔离政权，而黑人反对力量，其成员讲多种语言， 在初期软弱无力且缺乏组织。 6.这一象征表明这种世界通用语的使用者应充分发掘这一幸事为我们带来的好处， 同时尽可能避免招来灾难。 LESSON 2 1.年初布什总统签署了一项《不让一个孩子落后》的重大法案,誓言要把“困在那些教学质量不佳又不进行改革的学校里的孩子”解救出来.2007 年7月1日美国教育部宣布有8652所学校被列 为“长期教学质量低下”的学校,现在这些学校中的学生必须在今后的几天内考虑决定他们是否 要转学, 同时各个学区也在忙着为符合转学条件的学生提供帮助和服务以抓住选择的机会。 ２.对于那些在教学改革旋涡中挣扎的学校的校长、老师和学生来说，这一法案的直接后果则是迷惑与混乱。他们认为该法案制订的教学改革标准太高而又没有说明各学区如何达到这些标准。３.我们必须对公众负责，不过我们必须研究所有衡量指标。 ４.一所学校连续两年在州水平考试中没有表现出“足够的年度改进”就会被认为是不合格的学校，但是联邦教育部并没有提供一个具有权威性的不合格学校的名单让学生家长作为参考，而是要求各州各自确定不合格学校的名单，并且要求他们把学生的考试成绩按照学生的种族和家庭收入进行分类。新法案还规定各州要公布便于学生和家长查找的不合格学校的名单，但是没有几个州能很快拿出来。 ５.教育部次长，前宾夕法尼亚州学校总监Eugene Hickok 也承认“该法案的实施可能会引起一些混乱”，但是他又说各州也不应为此而大惊小怪。教育部长Rod Paige 已经向各学区主管人士就有关改革事宜做了扼要指示并通报了全国。他说，即使在如纽约和芝加哥这样的大城市“接收择校生比较困难”，但“法律就是法律”。 ６.Wooten 说，“人很容易放弃自我，而去赶别人的潮流，但正如其他的美国人一样，我们都有成功的机会。我们为什么不开创自己的潮流呢？” LESSON ４ １.无论作为法定婚姻的前奏还是其替代品，同居现象的频繁出现都进一步弱化了婚姻区别于其他结合形式的独立特征。不管怎样，所有这些打破传统的结合方式一直以来都是建立在亚当一夏娃模式的异性恋基础之上的。 ２.有报告说曾发生过外星人为了做繁衍后代实验而绑架地球人的事件，但不论这些报道是否只是人们的幻觉，地球人探索宇宙寻找外星人却是事实。
研究生英语系列教材综合教程课文翻译
研究生英语系列教材综合教程(上)课文翻译 Unit 1 核心员工的特征 1核心员工究竟是什么样子的?几乎每次进行调查时，我都会从雇主们那里听到“核心员工”这个名词。我请一位客户——一位正参与研究的人事部经理，给我解释一下。“每家公司都有少数几个这样的员工，在某个专业领域，你可以指望他们把活儿干好。在我的小组中，有七名化工流程工程师和生物学家，其中有那么两三个人是我赖以生存的，”他说，“他们对我的公司而言不可或缺。当请你们公司替我们招募新人的时候，我们期待你们会去其他公司找这样的人：其他公司经理不想失去的员工。我们只招募核心员工。” 2这是一段充满了鼓动性的谈话，目的是把猎头们派往竞争对手的公司去游说经验丰富的员工们做一次职业变更。他们想从另一家公司招募核心员工。然而，每家公司也从新人中招人。他们要寻找的是完全一样的东西。“我们把他们和公司顶级员工表现出的特质进行对照。假如他们看起来有同样特征的话，我们就在他们身上赌一把。”只是这样有点儿冒险。 3“这是一种有根据的猜测，”我的人事经理客户说。作为未来的一名员工，你的工作是帮助人事部经理降低这种风险，你需要帮助他们认定你有潜力成为一名核心员工。 4特征1：无私的合作者 职业顾问和化学家约翰·费策尔最早提出了这个特征。关于这个特征，人们已经写了大量的文章。它之所以值得被反复谈及，是因为这一特征是学术界和企业间最明显的差别。“这里需要合作，”费策尔说，“企业的环境并不需要单打独斗，争强好胜，所以表现出合作和无私精神的员工就脱颖而出了。在企业环境中，没有这样的思维方式就不可能成功。” 5许多博士后和研究生在进行这种过渡的过程中表现得相当费力。因为生命中有那么长一段时间他们都在扮演一个独立研究者的角色，并且要表现得比其他年轻的优秀人才更出色。你可以藉此提高在公司的吸引力：为追求一个共同的目标和来自其他实验室和学科的科学家们合作——并且为你的个人履历上的内容提供事迹证明。这个方法，加上你在描述业绩时开明地使用代词“我们”，而不是“我”，能使公司对你的看法从“单干户”转变成“合作者”。更为有利的是，要在你实验室内部，以及在和你们实验室合作的人们之间，培养一个良好声誉：一个鼓励并发动合作的人——还要保证让那些会接听调查电话的人们谈及你的这个品质。 6特征2：紧迫感 唐-豪特是一位给aaas.sciencecareers@org 网站论坛频繁写稿的撰稿人。他之前是一名科学家。许多年前他转向了企业，并一直做到高级管理的职位。他在3M公司一个部门负责策略和商业开发工作，这个部门每年上缴的税收高达24亿多美元。他就是一个重视紧迫感的人。 7“一年365天，一周7天，一天24小时，生意始终在进行，那意味着一年365天，一周7天，一天24小时，竞争也同样在进行，”豪特说，“公司取胜的方法之一就是要更快地到达‘目的地’。这就是说，你不仅要把所有能支持公司快速运转的功能都调动起来，而且还得知道如何决定‘目的地’是哪里。这样，不仅对那些行动快速的人们，也对那些思维敏捷，并有勇气按自己的想法行事的人们都提出了要求。这需要全公司各部门的运作，而不仅仅是管理部门的工作。” 8特征3：风险容忍度 企业要求员工能承受风险。“一名求职者需要表现出仅凭不准确、不完整的信息就做出决策的能力。他或她必须能接纳不确定因素并冒着风险做出结论，”一位客户在职业描述中写道。 9豪特赞同这一说法。“商业成功通常有这样一个特质：那就是能接受不确定因素和风险——个人的，组织上的和财务上的。这就让许多科学家感到不适应，因为学术上的成功其实是依靠认真而严谨的研究。更进一步说，伟大的科学常常是由找寻答案的过程和答案本身两者同时来定义的。因此科学家们往往沉迷于过程。在企业里，你需要了解过程，但最终你会迷上答案，然后根据你认为该答案对你的企业所具有的意义来冒风险。像这样敢冒风险是一套技能组合，是所有雇主在他们最好的员工身上所寻找的东西。” 10风险容忍度的另外一个要点是求职者对失败的承受度。失败很重要，因为这表示你不怕冒险。所以各家公司总会寻找有可能犯错误并敢于承认错误的求职者。大家都知道如何谈论成功——或者当他们在寻找工作的时候应该知道。但很少有人乐意谈论失败，更少有人知道如何从失败的边缘吸取教训和获得经验。“对我的企业来说，求职者需要坦然地谈论他或她的失败，而且他或她需要有真正的失败经历，而不是特意为面试而杜撰的东西。如果做不到的话，那么这个人冒的风险还不够，”豪特说。 11特征4：善于处理人际关系 瑞克·李奇在迪科德遗传工程公司从事业务拓展。李奇最近才转行到企业，做业务方面的工作。我向他咨询这个重要特征，是因为在他的新业务角色中，人际沟通能力在成功和失败之间发挥着很大的作用。“科学家毕生都在积累知识，培养技术上的敏锐感，”他说，“但为企业工作需要完全不同的东西——人际交往的能力。想转行到企业界的科学家们必须优先考虑他们的社会关系资源而不是技术资源。对一个以前一直根据专业知识水平被评价的人来说，突然之间要根据他的人际交往能力来评价他，真是十分令人恐惧。” 12然而，如果认为只有像李奇那样的生意人才需要熟练的人际沟通技巧，那就错了。事实上，我所遇见的在企业工作的核心费工们之所以取得成功，很大程度上是因为他们能够与公司上下各种各样的人共事。 Unit 4 爱和情感连系 1爱，对于人类的生存是不可或缺的。它既是一种情感，又是一种行为。家庭通常是我们最早和最重要的爱和
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Unit 1 Genetically modified foods -- Feed the World? If you want to spark a heated debate at a dinner party, bring up the topic of genetically modified foods. For many people, the concept of genetically altered, high-tech crop production raises all kinds of environmental, health, safety and ethical questions. Particularly in countries with long agrarian traditions -- and vocal green lobbies -- the idea seems against nature. 如果你想在某次晚宴上挑起一场激烈的争论，那就提出转基因食品的话题吧。对许多人来说，高科技的转基因作物生产的概念会带来诸如环境、健康、安全和伦理等方面的各种问题。特别是在有悠久的农业生产传统和主张环保的游说集团的国家里，转基因食品的主意似乎有悖自然。 In fact, genetically modified foods are already very much a part of our lives. A third of the corn and more than half the soybeans and cotton grown in the US last year were the product of biotechnology, according to the Department of Agriculture. More than 65 million acres of genetically modified crops will be planted in the US this year. The genetic is out of the bottle. 事实上，转基因食品已经成为我们生活重要的一部分。根据农业部的统计，美国去年所种植玉米的1／3，大豆和棉花的一半以上都是生物技术的产物。今年，美国将种植6500多万英亩的转基因作物。基因妖怪已经从瓶子里跑出来了。 Yet there are clearly some very real issues that need to be resolved. Like any new product entering the food chain, genetically modified foods must be subjected to rigorous testing. In wealthy countries, the debate about biotech is tempered by the fact that we have a rich array of foods to choose from -- and a supply that far exceeds our needs. In developing countries desperate to feed fast-growing and underfed populations; the issue is simpler and much more urgent: Do the benefits of biotech outweigh the risks? 但是，显然还有一些非常现实的问题需要解决。就像任何一种要进入食物链的新食品一样，转基因食品必须经过严格的检验。在富裕的国家里，由于有大量丰富的食品可供选择，而且供应远远超过需求，所以关于生物技术的争论相对缓和一些。在迫切想要养活其迅速增长而又吃不饱的人口的发展中国家，问题比较简单，也更加紧迫：生物技术的好处是否大于风险呢? The statistics on population growth and hunger are disturbing. Last year the world's population reached 6 billion. And by 2050, the UN estimates, it will probably near 9 billion. Almost all that growth will occur in developing countries. At the same time, the world's available cultivable land per person is declining. Arable land has
2020年考研《英语一》翻译真题答案(跨考版)
2020年考研《英语一》翻译真题答案(跨考版) 文章来源于An Outline of American History，《美国历史纲要》，是一本历史学方面的专著。 46 We don’t have to learn how to be mentally healthy; it is built into us in the same way that our bodies know how to heal a cut or mend a broken bone. 【句子结构】分号连接的两个并列句，第一个并列句主干是 We don’t have to learn ，how引导宾语从句做learn的宾语，第二个 并列句主干是it is built into us in the same way，that引导定 语从句修饰先行词way，that定语从句中主干是our bodies know，how引导宾语从句做know的宾语。 【参考译文】我们无需刻意去了解学习才能让心理更健康，它正 如我们的身体知道怎样让伤口愈合和修复骨折一样，是根植于我们体 内的/是我们与生俱来的水平。 47 Our mental health doesn’t really go anywhere; like the sun behind a cloud, it can be temporarily hidden from view, but it is fully capable of being restored in an instant. 【句子结构】分号连接的两个并列句, 第一个并列句主谓结构， 很简单，第二个并列句中，like the sun behind a cloud是状语， but 连接两个并列分句，包括短语be hidden from 和be capable of. 涉及被动语态的翻译方法。 【参考译文】我们的心理健康并不是真的消失不见，就像云朵背 后的太阳，它也许暂时被遮挡，但是它也能够在瞬间重焕光芒。 48 Mental health allows us to view others with sympathy if they are having troubles, with kindness if they are in pain, and with unconditional love no matter who they are.
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