2006年海事劳工公约(中英文对照)

《2006年海事劳工公约》（中英文版）

MARITIME LABOUR CONVENTION, 2006

2006年海事劳工公约

Preamble

序言

The General Conference of the International Labour Organization,

国际劳工组织大会，

Having been convened at Geneva by the Governing Body of the International Labour Office, and having met in its N inety-fourth Session on 7 February 2006, and

经国际劳工局理事会召集，于2006年2月7日在日内瓦举行了其第94届会议，并

Desiring to create a single, coherent instrument embodying as far as possible all up-to-date standards of existing i nternational maritime labour Conventions and Recommendations, as well as the fundamental principles to be foun d in other international labour Conventions, in particular:

希望制订一项条理统一的单一文件，尽可能体现现有国际海事劳工公约和建议书中的所有最新标准以及其他国际劳工公约，特别是以下公约中的基本原则：

– the Forced Labour Convention, 1930 (No. 29);

–《1930年强迫劳动公约》(第29号)；

– the Freedom of Association and Protection of the Right to Organise Convention, 1948 (No. 87); –《1948年自由结社和保护组织权利公约》(第87号)；

– the Right to Organise and Collective Bargaining Convention, 1949 (No. 98);

–《1949年组织权利和集体谈判权利公约》(第98号)；

– the Equal Remuneration Convention, 1951 (No. 100);

–《1951年同酬公约》(第100号)；

– the Abolition of Forced Labour Convention, 1957 (No. 105);

–《1957年废除强迫劳动公约》(第105号)；

– the Discrimination (Employment and Occupation) Convention, 1958

(No. 111);

–《1958年(就业和职业)歧视公约》(第111号)；

– the Minimum Age Convention, 1973 (No. 138);

–《1973年最低年龄公约》(第138号)；

– the Worst Forms of Child Labour Convention, 1999 (No. 182); and

–《1999年最恶劣形式的童工劳动公约》(第182号)；并

Mindful of the core mandate of the Organization, which is to promote decent conditions of work, and 意识到本组织倡导体面劳动条件的核心使命，并

Recalling the ILO Declaration on Fundamental Principles and Rights at Work, 1998, and

忆及1998年《国际劳工组织工作中的基本原则和权利宣言》，并

Mindful also that seafarers are covered by the provisions of other ILO instruments and have other rights which are established as fundamental rights and freedoms applicable to all persons, and

还意识到海员也受国际劳工组织其他文件所保护，且享有已确立的其他适用于所有人的基本权利和自由；并

Considering that, given the global nature of the shipping industry, seafarers need special protection, and

认为由于航运业的全球性特点，海员需要特殊保护，并

Mindful also of the international standards on ship safety, human security and quality ship management in the Inte rnational Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea, 1974, as amended, the Convention on the International Regulatio ns for Preventing Collisions at Sea, 1972, as amended, and the seafarer training and competency requirements in t he International Convention on Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping for Seafarers, 1978, as ame nded, and

还意识到经修订的《1974年国际海上人命安全公约》和经修订的《1972年国际海上避碰规则公约》中关于船舶安全、人身保安和船舶质量管理的国际标准，以及经修订的《1978年海员培训、发证和值班标准国际公约》中的海员培训和适任要求，并

Recalling that the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, 1982, sets out a general legal framework withi n which all activities in the oceans and seas must be carried out and is of strategic importance as the basis for nati onal, regional and global action and cooperation in the marine sector, and that its integrity needs to be maintaine d, and

忆及《1982年联合国海洋法公约》规定了一个总体法律框架，海洋中的所有活动都必须在此框架下展开，它是海事部门进行国家、地区和全球性活动和合作的基础，具有战略性意义，其完整性需要得到维持，并

Recalling that Article 94 of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, 1982, establishes the duties and o bligations of a flag State with regard to, inter alia, labour conditions, crewing and social matters on ships that fly i ts flag, and

忆及《1982年联合国海洋法公约》第九十四条特别确立了船旗国对悬挂其旗帜的船舶上的劳动条件、船员配备和社会事务的责任和义务；并

Recalling paragraph 8 of article 19 of the Constitution of the International Labour Organization which provides tha t in no case shall the adoption of any Convention or Recommendation by the Conference or the ratification of any C onvention by any Member be deemed to affect any law, award, custom or agreement which ensures more favoura ble conditions to the workers concerned than those provided for in the Convention or Recommendation, and

忆及《国际劳工组织章程》第十九条第8款规定，无论在何种情况下，大会通过任何公约或建议书或任何成员国批准任何公约都不能被视为影响到那些确保有关工人得到优于公约或建议书所规定条件的法律、裁定、惯例或协议，并

Determined that this new instrument should be designed to secure the widest possible acceptability among govern ments, shipowners and seafarers committed to the principles of decent work, that it should be readily updateable and that it should lend itself to effective implementation and enforcement, and

决定此新文件的制订应保证得到致力于体面劳动原则的各国政府、船东和工人尽可能最广泛的接受，且能够便于更新并使其能够有效地实施和执行，并

Having decided upon the adoption of certain proposals for the realization of such an instrument, which is the only item on the agenda of the session, and

决定就本届会议议程的唯一项目通过某些建议，以完成这一文书，并

Having determined that these proposals shall take the form of an international Convention;

决定这些建议应采取一项国际公约的形式；

adopts this twenty-third day of February of the year two thousand and six the following Convention, which may be cited as the Maritime Labour Convention, 2006.

于二零零六年二月二十三日通过以下公约，引用时可称之为《2006年海事劳工公约》。

General obligations

一般义务

Article I

第一条

1. Each Member which ratifies this Convention undertakes to give complete effect to its provisions in the manner set out in Article VI in order to secure the right of all seafarers to decent employment.

1. 批准本公约的各成员国承诺按第六条规定的方式全面履行公约的规定，以确保海员体面就业的权利。

2. Members shall cooperate with each other for the purpose of ensuring the effective implementation and enfor cement of this Convention.

2. 成员国应为确保有效实施和执行本公约之目的而相互合作。

Definitions and scope of application

定义和适用范围

Article II

第二条

1. For the purpose of this Convention and unless provided otherwise in particular provisions, the term:

1. 除非具体条款另行规定，就本公约而言：

(a) competent authority means the minister, government department or other authority having power to issue an d enforce regulations, orders or other instructions having the force of law in respect of the subject matter of the pr ovision concerned;

(a) “主管当局”一词系指有权就公约规定的事项颁布和实施具有法律效力的条例、命令或其他指令的部长、政府部门或其他当局；

(b) declaration of maritime labour compliance means the declaration referred to in Regulation 5.1.3;

(b) “海事劳工符合声明”一词系指规则5.1.3所述之声明；

(c) gross tonnage means the gross tonnage calculated in accordance with the tonnage measurement regulations c ontained in Annex 1 to the International Convention on Tonnage Measurement of Ships, 1969, or any successor Con vention; for ships covered by the tonnage measurement interim scheme adopted by the International Maritime Org anization, the gross tonnage is that which is included in the REMARKS column of the International Tonnage Certific ate (1969);

(c) “总吨位”一词系指根据《1969年船舶吨位丈量国际公约》附则一或任何后续公约中的吨位丈量规定所计算出的总吨位；对于国际海事组织通过的临时吨位丈量表所包括的船舶，总吨位为填写在《国际吨位证书(1969)》的“备注”栏中的总吨位；

(d) maritime labour certificate means the certificate referred to in Regulation 5.1.3;

(d) “海事劳工证书”一词系指规则5.1.3中所述之证书；

(e) requirements of this Convention refers to the requirements in these Articles and in the Regulations and Part A of the Code of this Convention;

(e) “本公约的要求”一词系指本公约的正文条款和规则及守则A部分中的要求；

(f) seafarer means any person who is employed or engaged or works in any capacity on board a ship to which th is Convention applies;

(f) “海员”一词系指在本公约所适用的船舶上以任何职务受雇或从业或工作的任何人员；

(g) seafarers’ employment agreement includes both a contract of employment and articles of agreement;

(g) “海员就业协议”一词包括就业合同和协议条款；

(h) seafarer recruitment and placement service means any person, company, institution, agency or other organiz ation, in the public or the private sector, which is engaged in recruiting seafarers on behalf of shipowners or placi ng seafarers with shipowners;

(h) “海员招募和安置服务机构”一词系指公共或私营部门中从事代表船东招募海员或与船东安排海员上船的任何个人、公司、团体、部门或其他机构；

(i) ship means a ship other than one which navigates exclusively in inland waters or waters within, or closely adj acent to, sheltered waters or areas where port regulations apply;

(i) “船舶”一词系指除专门在内河或在遮蔽水域之内或其紧邻水域或适用港口规定的区域航行的船舶以外的船舶；

(j) shipowner means the owner of the ship or another organization or person, such as the manager, agent or bar eboat charterer, who has assumed the responsibility for the operation of the ship from the owner and who, on ass uming such responsibility, has agreed to take over the duties and responsibilities imposed on shipowners in accor dance with this Convention, regardless of whether any other organization or persons fulfil certain of the duties or r esponsibilities on behalf of the shipowner.

(j) “船东”一词系指船舶所有人或从船舶所有人那里承担了船舶经营责任并在承担这种责任时已同意接受船东根据本公约所承担的职责和责任的另一组织或个人，如管理人、代理或光船承租人，无论是否有任何其它组织或个人代表船东履行了某些职责或责任。

2. Except as expressly provided otherwise, this Convention applies to all seafarers.

2. 除非另有明文规定，本公约适用于所有海员。

3. In the event of doubt as to whether any categories of persons are to be regarded as seafarers for the purpose of this Convention, the question shall be determined by the competent authority in each Member after consultation with the shipowners’ and seafarers’ organizations concerned with this question.

3. 如果就某类人员是否应被视为本公约所指的海员存在疑问，应由各成员国的主管当局与此问题所涉及的船东和海员组织进行协商后作出决定。

4. Except as expressly provided otherwise, this Convention applies to all ships, whether publicly or privately ow ned, ordinarily engaged in commercial activities, other than ships engaged in fishing or in similar pursuits and shi ps of traditional build such as dhows and junks. This Convention does not apply to warships or naval auxiliaries.

4. 除非另有明文规定，本公约适用于除从事捕鱼或类似捕捞的船舶和用传统方法制造的船舶，例如独桅三角帆船和舢板以外的通常从事商业活动的所有船舶，无论其为公有或私有。本公约不适用于军舰和军事辅助船。

5. In the event of doubt as to whether this Convention applies to a ship or particular category of ships, the quest ion shall be determined by the competent authority in each Member after consultation with the shipowners’ and se afarers’ organizations concerned.

5. 如果就本公约是否适用于某一船舶或特定类别船舶存在疑问，该问题应由各成员国的主管当局与有关船东和海员组织进行协商后作出决定。

6. Where the competent authority determines that it would not be reasonable or practicable at the present time to apply certain details of the Code referred to in Article VI, paragraph 1, to a ship or particular categories of ship s flying the flag of the Member, the relevant provisions of the Code shall not apply to the extent that the subject ma tter is dealt with differently by national laws or regulations or collective bargaining agreements or other measures . Such a determination may only be made in consultation with the shipowners’ and seafarers’ organizations concer ned and may only be made with respect to ships of less than 200 gross tonnage not engaged in international voya ges.

6. 如果主管机关确定目前对悬挂该成员国旗帜的一艘船舶或特定类别船舶适用第六条第1款中所述守则的某些细节不合理或不可行，只要该事项由国家法律或条例或集体谈判协议或其它措施来处理，守则的有关规定将不适用。此决定只能在与有关的船东或海员组织协商后作出，且只能针对那些不从事国际航行的200总吨以下船舶。

7. Any determinations made by a Member under paragraphs 3 or 5 or 6 of this Article shall be communicated t o the Director-General of the International Labour Office, who shall notify the Members of the Organization.

7. 一成员国根据本条第3款或第5或第6款所做的任何决定均应通报国际劳工局长，局长应通知本组织成员。

8. Unless expressly provided otherwise, a reference to this Convention constitutes at the same time a reference t o the Regulations and the Code.

8. 除非另有明文规定，提及本公约同时意味着提及规则和守则。

Fundamental rights and principles

基本权利和原则

Article III

第三条

Each Member shall satisfy itself that the provisions of its law and regulations respect, in the context of this Conventi on, the fundamental rights to:

就本公约所涉事项，各成员国应自行确认其法律和条例尊重以下基本权利：

(a) freedom of association and the effective recognition of the right to collective bargaining;

(a) 结社自由和有效承认集体谈判权利；

(b) the elimination of all forms of forced or compulsory labour;

(b) 消除所有形式的强迫和强制劳动；

(c) the effective abolition of child labour; and

(c) 有效废除童工劳动；以及

(d) the elimination of discrimination in respect of employment and occupation.

(d) 消除就业和职业方面的歧视。

Seafarers’ employment and social rights

海员的就业和社会权利

Article IV

第四条

1. Every seafarer has the right to a safe and secure workplace that complies with safety standards.

1. 每一海员均有权享有符合安全标准的安全且受保护的工作场所。

2. Every seafarer has a right to fair terms of employment.

2. 每一海员均有权获得公平的就业条件。

3. Every seafarer has a right to decent working and living conditions on board ship.

3. 每一海员均有权获得体面的船上工作和生活条件。

4. Every seafarer has a right to health protection, medical care, welfare measures and other forms of social pro tection.

4. 每一海员均有权享受健康保护、医疗、福利措施及其他形式的社会保护。

5. Each Member shall ensure, within the limits of its jurisdiction, that the seafarers’ employment and social rights set out in the preceding paragraphs of this Article are fully implemented in accordance with the requireme nts of this Convention. Unless specified otherwise in the Convention, such implementation may be achieved through

national laws or regulations, through applicable collective bargaining agreements or through other measures or i n practice.

5. 各成员国在其管辖范围内应确保本条上述各款所规定的海员就业和社会权利根据本公约的要求得以充分实施。除非本公约中另有专门规定，此种实施可通过国家法律或条例、通过适用的集体谈判协议或通过其他措施或实践来实现。

Implementation and enforcement responsibilities

实施和执行责任

Article V

第五条

1. Each Member shall implement and enforce laws or regulations or other measures that it has adopted to fulfil its commitments under this Convention with respect to ships and seafarers under its jurisdiction.

1. 各成员国应对其管辖下的船舶和海员实施和执行其为履行本公约所作出之承诺而通过的法律或条例或其他措施。

2. Each Member shall effectively exercise its jurisdiction and control over ships that fly its flag by establishing a system for ensuring compliance with the requirements of this Convention, including regular inspections, reporting, monitoring and legal proceedings under the applicable laws.

2. 各成员国应通过建立确保遵守本公约要求的制度，对悬挂其旗帜的船舶有效行使其管辖和控制，包括定期检查、报告、监督和可适用法律下的法律程序。

3. Each Member shall ensure that ships that fly its flag carry a maritime labour certificate and a declaration of maritime labour compliance as required by this Convention.

3. 各成员国应确保悬挂其旗帜的船舶持有本公约所要求的海事劳工证书和海事劳工符合声明。

4. A ship to which this Convention applies may, in accordance with international law, be inspected by a Member other than the flag State, when the ship is in one of its ports, to determine whether the ship is in compliance with t he requirements of this Convention.

4. 本公约适用的船舶，当其位于除船旗国以外的成员国的某港口时，可根据国际法受到该成员国的检查以确定其是否符合本公约的要求。

5. Each Member shall effectively exercise its jurisdiction and control over seafarer recruitment and placement s ervices, if these are established in its territory.

5. 各成员国应对在其领土内设立的海员招募和安置服务机构有效行使其管辖和控制。

6. Each Member shall prohibit violations of the requirements of this Convention and shall, in accordance with in ternational law, establish sanctions or require the adoption of corrective measures under its laws which are adequ ate to discourage such violations.

6. 各成员国应对违反本公约要求的行为予以禁止，并应根据国际法，在其法律中规定制裁或要求采取改正措施，这些制裁或措施应足以阻止此种违反行为。

7. Each Member shall implement its responsibilities under this Convention in such a way as to ensure that the sh ips that fly the flag of any State that has not ratified this Convention do not receive more favourable treatment tha n the ships that fly the flag of any State that has ratified it.

7. 各成员国应以确保悬挂未批准本公约之任何国家旗帜的船舶得不到比悬挂已批准本公约之任何国家旗帜的船舶更优惠待遇的方式履行本公约赋予的责任。

Regulations and Parts A and B of the Code

规则以及守则之A部分和B部分

Article VI

第六条

1. The Regulations and the provisions of Part A of the Code are mandatory. The provisions of Part B of the Code are not mandatory.

1. 规则和守则A部分的规定具有强制性。守则B部分为非强制性。

2. Each Member undertakes to respect the rights and principles set out in the Regulations and to implement eac

h Regulation in the manner set out in the corresponding provisions of Part A of the Code. In addition, the Member shall give due consideration to implementing its responsibilities in the manner provided for in Part B of the Code.

2. 各成员国保证尊重规则中规定的权利和原则，并按守则A部分的相关内容所规定的方式实施每条规则。此外，成员国还应充分考虑到按守则B部分给出的方式履行其责任。

3. A Member which is not in a position to implement the rights and principles in the manner set out in Part A of the Code may, unless expressly provided otherwise in this Convention, implement Part A through provisions in its l aws and regulations or other measures which are substantially equivalent to the provisions of Part A.

3. 除非本公约另有明文规定，不能按守则A部分规定的方式履行权利和原则的成员国，可以通过实质上等效于A部分规定的法律和条例的规定或其他措施来实施A部分。

4. For the sole purpose of paragragh 3 of this Article, any law, regulation, collective agreement or other imple menting measure shall be considered to be substantially equivalent, in the context of this Convention, if the Membe r satisfies itself that：

4. 单就本条第3款而言，法律、条例、集体协议或其他履约措施只有在成员国自行确认以下情况时才应被视为实质上等效于本公约的规定：

(a) it is conducive to the full achievement of the general object and purpose of the provision or provisions of Part A of the Code concerned; and

(a) 它有助于充分达到守则A部分有关规定的总体目标和目的；而且

(b) it gives effect to the provision or provisions of Part A of the Code concerned.

(b) 它落实了守则A部分的有关规定。

Consultation with shipowners’ and seafarers’ organizations

与船东和海员组织协商

Article VII

第七条

Any derogation, exemption or other flexible application of this Convention for which the Convention requires consu ltation with shipowners’ and seafarers’ organizations may, in cases where representative organizations of shipown ers or of seafarers do not exist within a Member, only be decided by that Member through consultation with the Co mmittee referred to in Article XIII.

如果在一成员国内不存在船东或海员的代表组织，公约中要求与船东和海员组织进行协商的任何对本公约的偏离、免除或其他灵活适用，只能由该成员国通过与第十三条所述之委员会协商决定。

Entry into force

生效

Article VIII

第八条

1. The formal ratifications of this Convention shall be communicated to the Director-General of the Internationa l Labour Office for registration.

1. 对本公约的正式批准书应送请国际劳工局局长登记。

2. This Convention shall be binding only upon those Members of the International Labour Organization whose r atifications have been registered by the Director-General.

2. 本公约只对其批准书已由局长登记的国际劳工组织成员国具有约束力。

3. This Convention shall come into force 12 months after the date on which there have been registered ratificati ons by at least 30 Members with a total share in the world gross tonnage of ships of 33 per cent.

3. 本公约应在合计占世界船舶总吨位33%的至少30个成员国的批准书已经登记之日12个月后生效。

4. Thereafter, this Convention shall come into force for any Member 12 months after the date on which its r atification has been registered.

4. 此后，对于任何成员国，本公约将于其批准书经登记之日12个月后对其生效。

Denunciation

退出

Article IX

第九条

1. A Member which has ratified this Convention may denounce it after the expiration of ten years from the date on which the Convention first comes into force, by an act communicated to the Director-General of the Internation al Labour Office for registration. Such denunciation shall not take effect until one year after the date on which it is registered.

1. 已批准本公约的成员国可自公约初次生效之日起满10年后向国际劳工局局长通知退出并请其登记。此项退出应自登记之日起一年后发生效力。

2. Each Member which does not, within the year following the expiration of the period of ten years mentioned i n paragragh 1 of this Article, exercise the right of denunciation provided for in this Article, shall be bound for anot her period of ten years and, thereafter, may denounce this Convention at the expiration of each new period of ten years under the terms provided for in this Article.

2. 在本条第1款所述10年期满后的1年内未行使本条所规定之退出权利的成员国，即需再遵守10年，此后每当新的10年期满，可依本条的规定退出本公约。

Effect of entry into force

生效的影响

Article X

第十条

This Convention revises the following Conventions:

本公约修订以下公约：

Minimum Age (Sea) Convention, 1920 (No. 7)

《1920年(海上)最低年龄公约》(第7号)

Unemployment Indemnity (Shipwreck) Convention, 1920 (No. 8) 《1920年(海难)失业赔偿公约》(第8号)

Placing of Seamen Convention, 1920 (No. 9)

《1920年海员安置公约》(第9号)

Medical Examination of Young Persons (Sea) Convention, 1921 (No. 16) 《1921年(海上)未成年人体检公约》(第16号)

Seamen’s Articles of Agreement Convention, 1926 (No. 22)

《1926年海员协议条款公约》(第22号)

Repatriation of Seamen Convention, 1926 (No. 23)

《1926年海员遣返公约》(第23号)

Officers’ Competency Certificates Convention, 1936 (No. 53)

《1936年高级船员适任证书公约》(第53号)

Holidays with Pay (Sea) Convention, 1936 (No. 54)

《1936年(海上)带薪假期公约》(第54号)

Shipowners’ Liability (Sick and Injured Seamen) Convention, 1936(No. 55) 《1936年船东(对病、伤海员)责任公约》(第55号)

Sickness Insurance (Sea) Convention, 1936 (No. 56)

《1936年(海上)疾病保险公约》 (第56号)

Hours of Work and Manning (Sea) Convention, 1936 (No. 57)

《1936年(海上)工时和配员公约》(第57号)

Minimum Age (Sea) Convention (Revised), 1936 (No. 58)

《1936年(海上)最低年龄公约(修订)》(第58号)

Food and Catering (Ships’ Crews) Convention, 1946 (No. 68)

《1946年(船上船员)食品和膳食公约》(第68号)

Certification of Ships’ Cooks Convention, 1946 (No. 69)

《1946年船上厨师发证公约》(第69号)

Social Security (Seafarers) Converntion, 1946 (No.70)

《1946年(海员)社会保障公约》(第70号)

Paid Vacations (Seafarers) Convention, 1946 (No. 72)

《1946年(海员)带薪休假公约》(第72号)

Medical Examination (Seafarers) Convention, 1946 (No. 73)

《1946年(海员)体检公约》(第73号)

Certification of Able Seamen Convention, 1946 (No. 74)

《1946年一等水手证书公约》(第74号)

Accommodation of Crews Convention, 1946 (No. 75)

《1946年船员起居舱室公约》(第75号)

Wages, Hours of Work and Manning (Sea) Convention, 1946 (No. 76)

《1946年(海上)工资、工时和配员公约》(第76号)

Paid Vacations (Seafarers) Convention (Revised), 1949 (No. 91)

《1949年(海员)带薪休假公约(修订)》(第91号)

Accommodation of Crews Convention (Revised), 1949 (No. 92)

《1949年船员起居舱室公约(修订)》(第92号)

Wages, Hours of Work and Manning (Sea) Convention (Revised), 1949(No. 93) 《1949年(海上)工资、工时和配员公约(修订)》(第93号)

Wages, Hours of Work and Manning (Sea) Convention (Revised), 1958(No. 109) 《1958年(海上)工资、工时和配员公约(修订)》(第109号) Accommodation of Crews (Supplementary Provisions) Convention, 1970(No. 133) 《1970年船员起居舱室(补充规定)公约》(第133号)